kupinda
2019 iri zvishoma nezvishoma asi zvechokwadi iri kuuya kumagumo ayo ane musoro. Indasitiri yeIT inoramba ichikura, ichitifadza nehuwandu hukuru hwetekinoroji itsva uye, panguva imwe chete, kuzadza mazwi edu netsanangudzo itsva: Big Data, AI, Machine Learning (ML), IoT, 5G, etc. Gore rino. , Site Reliability Engineering yakakurukurwa kunyanya kazhinji (SRE), DevOps, microservices uye cloud computing.
Mamwe matekinoroji, semuenzaniso, Blockchain uye cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin, Ethereum, nezvimwewo), zvinoita sekunge vakatopfuura peak yekuzivikanwa kwavo (hype), saka ruzhinji rweruzhinji rune mukana wekutora zvakanyanya kudzikama pavari, vachizivisa yavo. zvakanaka uye zvisina kunaka, pamwe nekusarudza kuti ndekupi uye sei zvakanakisisa kuzvishandisa. Kutarisa kwakadzikama pamusoro weBlockchain uye cryptocurrencies inogona kuwanikwa mukati. Ndinokurudzira zvikuru kuiongorora.
Mamwe matekinoroji achiri kungowana mukurumbira, achigadzira nharaunda dzinoshanda dzakavakomberedza, kusanganisira kwete chete vatsigiri nevateveri, asiwo vanopikisa vane hasha.
Munhu wese ari kuenda kuDevOps?
DevOps, nzira itsva yekuvandudza software uye kushanda, ichagamuchira kutaurwa kwakakosha kubva kwandiri nhasi, nekuti ... Pakave nezvinyorwa zvakawanda uye nharo pamusoro penyaya iyi gore rino.
Izwi rokuti DevOps nhasi rinodudzirwa zvakafara. Vamwe vanhu vanonzwisisa DevOps senzira yakakosha yekuvandudza software uye kushanda, apo vanhu vanogona kuita zvese zvishoma coding uye manejimendi vanobatanidzwa mubasa. Kune vamwe, uku ndiko kutanga kwezvose, kuvapo kwevavo vega system administrator pachikwata, anovabvumira kusunungura vanogadzira software yechikamu cheiyo isiri-core mutoro nenzira yekumisikidza sisitimu nharaunda, vachigadzira nzvimbo dzekuyedza. , kuita kubatanidzwa nemukati nekunze masevhisi, pamwe nekunyora otomatiki zvinyorwa. Kune vamwe, ingori seti yemafashoni matekinoroji uye maturusi anoda kushandiswa kugara ari mudiki uye achibudirira. Yechina, iCICD uye zvese zvakabatana nazvo. Zvechokwadi kune dudziro dzakawanda dzeDevOps, saka chero munhu anogona kuzvimiririra kuwana mavari izvo zvavanonyanya kuda.
Kududzirwa kwakasiyana kweDevOps kunomutsa nhaurirano dzinopisa, izvo zvinotungamira pakuonekwa kwezvimwe zvinyorwa pamusoro penyaya iyi. Ndakatochengeta mamwe acho kumabhukimaki angu:
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Kana iwe ukaverenga zvakakwana zvinyorwa zvinorumbidza DevOps, unogona kuwana fungidziro yekuti chero system administrator injiniya anongoda kushandura chinzvimbo chake chazvino mune yake LinkedIN mbiri kubva kune maneja injinjini kuenda kuDevOps, uye anobva atanga kugamuchira kukoka kubvunzurudzo kubva kuHR kubva kuhukuru uye. Makambani akabudirira anovimbisa muhoro wakapetwa ka2 kupfuura wazvino, achakupa Macbook nyowani, hoverboard, uye haazokanganwe nezve kunyoreswa kwemahara vape refills uye isingaperi huwandu hwesmoothies. Kazhinji, paradhiso yeIT ichauya.
Kana iwe ukaverenga zvinyorwa zvinodzikisira kunaka kweDevOps, unotanga kuwana imwe fungidziro yekuti DevOps irudzi rutsva rweuranda, uko vanhu vanofanirwa kukodha padanho rakafanana nevagadziri, vachivabatsira kugadzirisa tsikidzi, kubata ne automation uye CICD, shandisa Jira neWiki, tenderera makore, unganidza midziyo uye uzvigadzirise, panguva imwe chete uchiita basa re admin, usingakanganwe nezve kuzadza ma cartridges, kucheka tambo dzakamonyoroka uye kudiridza maruva ehofisi.
Asi, sezvamunoziva, chokwadi chinowanzova pane imwe nzvimbo pakati, saka nhasi tichaedza kuzviona zvishoma.
Ma admin haachadiwe here?
Semutungamiri wehurongwa uye mainjiniya anga achishanda neMicrosoft uye VMware zvigadzirwa kwenguva yakati rebei, ndakatanga kuona kuti mumakore mashoma apfuura kwave nenhaurirano dzenguva nenguva dzekuti vatariri vehurongwa vachange vasisina basa kune chero munhu, nekuti:
- Zvose zvivakwa zvave kuda kuchinja uye kuva IaaC (Infrastructure sekodhi). Ikozvino pachave pasina GUI ine mabhatani, asi PowerShell chete, yaml mafaera, configs, nezvimwe. Kana imwe sevhisi kana chikamu chayo chakaputswa, saka hapana chikonzero chekuchigadzirisa zvakare, nekuti ... kurumidza kutumira kopi itsva kubva kune yekupedzisira kushanda.
- Iyo yese IT masisitimu ichakurumidza kuenda kumakore, uye munharaunda (pa-nzvimbo) pachange paine tambo dzetiweki kune iri pedyo router, iyo ichatibatanidza isu nezvimwe zvese zvemakambani zviwanikwa zviri mugore. Zvakanaka, kunyanya, printer icharamba iri munharaunda kuitira kuti vasikana vanobva kudhipatimendi re accounting vagone kudhinda mifananidzo yekatsi kubva paInternet pairi. Zvimwe zvese zvinofanira kunge zviri mugore.
- DevOps gurus ichauya ichigadzirisa zvese zvakavatenderedza, saka maadmins vanozongo rangarira nekudziya mumweya yavo kuti mumazuva ekare vaimhanya sei pings nekutsvaga kutsvaga matambudziko akakosha panetiweki uye pamaseva.
- Ndakanzwawo nezve chiitiko chakadai se "Vendekapets", asi izvo zvaive nguva refu yapfuura, mambakwedza ebasa rangu, pandakanga ndichangotanga kutora matanho angu ekutanga kune system management. Asi nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero, "Vendekapets" haina kumbouya, sekuguma kwenyika maererano nekarenda yeMayan. Sangana? Usafunga. π
Ko Windows system administrator, vanoshanda padhuze neMicrosoft zvigadzirwa nhasi, munguva pfupi havazobatsiri chero munhu? Kana kuti zvicharamba zvichidiwa here? Vatariri veWindows vacharamba vachipfeka chimiro chavo sevatungamiriri uye mainjiniya, kana kuti vachazoiswa pabasa revashandi vane hunyanzvi ala anykey (kupa, kupa, kuunza)?
Kunyangwe pano pahabr.com mu "System Administration" hub tinoona chete kutaura kwekubernetes, linux, devops, docker, open source, zabbix. Aripi mazwi atinoda zvakanyanya: Windows, Active Directory, Exchange, System Center, Terminal, Print Servers, File Servers, bat uye vbs zvinyorwa, kana kuti powershell. Zvose izvi zviripi?
Saka pane hupenyu mushure meWindows kana kuti Windows system administrator uye mainjiniya zvino vasiye zvese kuti vadzidze Linux, docker, kubernetes, ansible, python uye kupinda muDevOps?
Zvimwe zvese zvakanaka neWindows, ingori kuti ikozvino kune hype yenguva pfupi yeLinux + docker + kubernetes + ansible + python musanganiswa, iyo yakafukidza yedu yatinoda Windows? Chii chinodiwa neWindows system administrator kuita muna 2020 kuti ive iri kudiwa mumusika wevashandi?
Zvinosuruvarisa, pane mibvunzo yakawanda pano kupfuura mhinduro, saka chinyorwa chazvino chichaedza kutibatsira kunzwisisa zvose zvishoma. Chinyorwa chacho chakanyanya kutsaurirwa kune Windows maneja uye mainjiniya, asi ndine chokwadi chekuti ichavewo yekufarira kune dzimwe nyanzvi dzeIT.
Microsoft inoenda kumakore?
A Windows admin ndiye, chekutanga, muteveri weMicrosoft, saka mberi tichazotaura nezvayo uye zvigadzirwa zvayo zvinoshamisa.
Microsoft ine yakaringana yakafara portfolio yesoftware mhinduro, mazhinji acho ari vatungamiriri mune yavo niches. Kana iwe ukashanda seWindows administrator uye injiniya, saka kazhinji iwe wakasangana navo neimwe nzira kana imwe. Pazasi ini ndichapa tsananguro pfupi yechimwe nechimwe chezvigadzirwa uye ndinotsanangura zvinokwanisika tarisiro yekukura kwavo mumakore anotevera 3-5. Ichi hachisi chakavanzika chemukati kubva kudzimbahwe muRedmond, asi maonero angu pachangu, saka mamwe maonero mumashoko anokurudzirwa zvakanyanya.
Kuiswa kwenzvimbo (pane-nzvimbo)
Microsoft Shanduro Server -Iyo yakawanda inoshanda mail server iyo inosanganisira kwete chete kushanda netsamba, asiwo nevanobata, makarenda, mabasa uye zvimwe zvakawanda. Exchange Server ndeimwe yezvigadzirwa zveMicrosoft zvemureza, izvo zvave iwo de facto corporate standard mumakambani mazhinji. Iyo ine yepedyo kusanganisa kwete chete neMicrosoft zvigadzirwa pachayo, asiwo nemhinduro kubva kune vechitatu-bato vatengesi. Kutsinhana kunozivikanwa mune ese ari pakati nepakati (kubva kuvanhu ve100) uye makambani makuru.
Panguva ino nekufamba kwenguva, Exchange Server 2019 inoonekwa seyazvino vhezheni. Kare, chigadzirwa chaive chichikura zvakanyanya, asi kutanga neshanduro yeExchange 2013, kukura uku kwakadzikira zvakanyanya, saka Exchange 2016 inogona kunzi Service Pack 1. (SP1) nokuda Exchange 2013, uye Exchange 2019 - saka Service Pack 2 (SP2) nokuda Exchange 2013. Matambudziko anotevera pamusoro-nzvimbo shanduro (Exchange 2022) achiri mubvunzo.
Ikozvino Microsoft irikushingairira kusimudzira Exchange Online sechikamu cheHofisi 365 gore sevhisi, saka mabasa ese matsva anoonekwa zvakanyanya ipapo. Haisi chete iyo Exchange Online ichave yekutanga kugamuchira maficha matsva, asi zvakare ichawana humwe hunyanzvi husingazoendeswa kune-nzvimbo yekumisikidza munguva pfupi iri kutevera. Izvi zvinoitirwa kuti kukurumidze shanduko yehuwandu hwemakambani kuenda kugore, nekuti... Iyo yekunyorera modhi inonyanya kubatsira mune zvemari kuMicrosoft pane kutengeswa kamwe chete.
Kana iwe parizvino uchichengetedza kuisirwa kwenzvimbo kweExchange Server (2013 - 2019), unogona kuramba uchidaro kwemakore 3-5 anotevera. Panzira, zvakakodzera kutanga kuongorora mikana iyo Exchange Online inopa; uye hybrid masisitimu ndipo apo shanduro dzemuno neyemakore dziripo panguva imwe chete. Kunyangwe isu tikafungidzira kuti hakuchazove neanotevera pane-nzvimbo vhezheni yeKuchinjana, ruzivo rwakawanikwa ikozvino nezve Exchange Server rucharamba ruchikodzera kune imwe nguva inouya nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakati:
- Huwandu hwekumisikidzwa kwenzvimbo parizvino hwakakura, saka vatariri vane hunyanzvi vachadikanwa kuvatsigira. Haasi ese masangano achakwanisa kufambisa tsamba yavo kune gore munguva pfupi iri kutevera nekuda kwechikonzero chimwe kana chimwe.
- Cloud migration mapurojekiti haasati ari madiki, saka ruzivo rwezvese zviri zviviri pane-nzvimbo uye makore mhinduro inodiwa kuti udzivise akawanda ematambudziko uye nekubudirira kupedza kutama.
- Kuziva nezve smtpimapmapipop3, kuyerera kwetsamba, dkim, dmark, spf, antivirus, antispam maprotocol ndeyepasi rose uye ichashanda kune chero mail masisitimu.
- Chiitiko chawakawana kubva mukushanda ne-on-nzvimbo Exchange Server chinokutendera iwe kuti unzwisise Exchange Online uye kumisikidza inodiwa gadziriso nekukurumidza.
- Imeyili ndiyo imwe yenzira dzakakosha dzekutaurirana nenyika yekunze, saka kudiwa kwayo kucharamba kuripo. Iwe haufanirwe kuteerera kune vatevedzeri ve "nhume uye chat bots ichatsiva email", nekuti ... Ivo "vakaviga" tsamba kakawanda uye kusvika zvino vasina kubudirira.
Skype yeBhizinesi (SfB) (yaimbova Lync) - mutumwa wekambani ane hunyanzvi hwepamberi. Iyo ine yepedyo kubatanidzwa neiyo Exchange server, asi yakanyanya kuderera kune yekupedzisira mukuzivikanwa. Skype yeBhizinesi inowanzo shandiswa chete mumakambani makuru, nekuti ... Makambani madiki uye epakati haafarire zvakanyanya.
Iyo yazvino vhezheni ikozvino iSkype yeBhizinesi 2019, iyo ine misiyano mishoma ichienzaniswa neyakapfuura vhezheni yeSkype yeBhizinesi 2016, saka SfB 2019 inogona kutorwa seSevhisi Pack 1 yeSfB 2016, uye kwete itsva yakazara vhezheni.
MuHofisi 365 gore, chigadzirwa ichi chakaunzwa neSkype yeBusiness Online sevhisi, iyo mushure menguva yakatsiviwa zvachose neMicrosoft Teams, i.e. Parizvino, Skype yeBhizinesi haisi kuwanikwa muHofisi 365 gore. Nechikonzero ichi, hazvifanirwe kutarisira iyo inotevera yemuno vhezheni yeSkype yeBusiness 2022, sezvo Microsoft inonyanya kukosha ndeyekuvandudza uye kusimudzira kwemutumwa weTimu, inova mhinduro yemutengesi pakubuda kweakabudirira mutumwa weSlack.
Kana iwe parizvino uchitonga yemuno Skype yeBhizinesi uye iwe uchida pfungwa yemutumwa wekambani, saka ini ndinokupa zano kuti utarise maTimu sechikamu cheHofisi 365, zvikasadaro zviri nani kusarudza chimwe chigadzirwa kuti uvandudze ruzivo rwako, nekuti. yemuno Skype yeBhizinesi iri kuenda mukukanganwa. Kusiyana neKuchinjana, iyo yave iyo de facto chiyero mune mail server niche, Skype yeBhizinesi nhasi ine dzimwe nzira. Team uye Slack yemakambani makuru uye epakati nepakati. Teregiramu, Viber, Whatsapp - yemakambani madiki.
SharePoint - inzvimbo yemukati yekambani umo makambani anogona kutumira anobatsira Webhu masevhisi (chirongwa chezororo, runyoro rwevashandi vane mapikicha nenhamba dzenhare, zviyeuchidzo zvekuzvarwa, nhau dzemakambani, nezvimwewo). Vashandisi vanogona kuchengeta, kugadzirisa, uye kugovera mafaera avanoisa mumaraibhurari avo eSharePoint.
SharePoint yakafanana neBitrix24, yakakura chete, inoshanda zvakanyanya, inodhura uye yakanyanya kuoma kugadzirisa nekutsigira. Iwo maficha emhondi kugona kugadzirisa panguva imwe chete gwaro nenhamba huru yevashandi, izvo zviri nyore kana vanhu zana vachiedza kuzadza hurongwa hwezororo, uye kubatanidzwa neHofisi Online Server uye yemuno MS Hofisi.
Sharepoint chigadzirwa chikuru, chakaoma uye chinodhura, saka chinowanzo shandiswa nemakambani makuru chete. Makambani madiki anoshandisa Bitrix24 kana analogues ayo, kana kungochengeta mafaera pamasevha emafaira, uye kugovera anobatsira Webhu masevhisi kunzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemukati.
SharePoint mapurazi (masumbu) anowanzo kutungamirirwa nevagadziri vane mabasa ekutonga, uye kwete ne "pure" system administrators, nokuti. Kuti SharePoint ibve uye ibatsire kambani, zvakawanda zvinoda kuwedzerwa pairi uchishandisa kodhi.
Hofisi 365 inosanganisira SharePoint Online, iri vhezheni yakapfava yeSharePoint yemuno, i.e. Iyo ine shoma shoma yesarudzo dzekugadzirisa uye "yakagadzirirwa kuti ikwane iwe," asi inorerutsira mugadziri uye mutongi wezvakawanda zvemusoro nezvekushanda kwayo. Mutongo wangu ndeuyu: kuomarara uye kudhura kwakanyanya kwekutsigira vhezheni ye-on-premise yeSharePoint ichavatorera uye makambani achatanga nemufaro kuenda kuSharePoint Online, kana kusiya Sharepoint zvachose nekuda kweimwe mhinduro iri nyore. Ini pachangu handisi kuona hupenyu hwakanaka uye husina hanya hweSharePoint mukuisa kwenzvimbo.
Sisitimu Center imhuri yese yezvigadzirwa zvekutumira, kugadzirisa, kubata uye kutarisa hombe Windows zvivakwa. Kutonga kunosanganisira: System Center Configuration Manager (SCCM), System Center Virtual Machine Manager (SCVMM), System Center Operations Manager (SCOM), System Center Data Dziviriro Maneja (SCDPM), System Center Service Manager (SCSM), System Center Orchestrator (SCORCH )
Iyo yakazara yakazara yeSystem Center zvigadzirwa zvinowanzodiwa chete nemakambani makuru, nepo makambani epakati nepakati anowanzo kushandisa chigadzirwa chimwe chete kana zviviri.
Sezvo zvigadzirwa zveSystem Center zvakaoma kudzidza uye zvinowanzo shandiswa chete muzvivakwa zvakakura, itsika kugovera vanhu vakasiyana kuti vashande navo, semuenzaniso, maneja wekutarisa masisitimu (SCOM), maneja wekuchengetedza nzvimbo yekushanda (SCCM), a virtualization system administrator (Hyper -V + SCVMM), Infrastructure Automation Manager (SCORCH + SCSM).
Microsoft iri kukurumidza kugadzira masevhisi ayo emakore, saka mashandiro eSystem Center ari kufamba zvishoma nezvishoma kune gore. Zvese izvi zvichave nekukanganisa kwakakosha paSystem Center pane-nzvimbo zvigadzirwa munguva pfupi iri kutevera.
Inoshanda System Center Orchestrator (SCORCH) ichatsiviwa mune ramangwana neAzure Automation service ().
Inoshanda System Center Operations Manager (SCOM) ichatsiva iyo Azure Monitor sevhisi mune ramangwana ().
Inoshanda System Center Data Dziviriro Maneja (SCDPM) ichatsiva iyo Azure Backup sevhisi mune ramangwana ().
Inoshanda System Center Service Manager (SCSM) icharega kudiwa kana kuti ichatsiviwa neimwe nzira yetiketi, semuenzaniso, Jira.
System Center Virtual Machine Maneja (SCVMM) nokuti ikozvino icharamba nemakambani anoshandisa Hyper-V virtualization. Kuiswa kudiki kweHyper-V (10-15 maseva) kunogona kunyatso kupihwa pasina SCVMM uchishandisa chete maturusi akajairwa - Failover Cluster Manager, Hyper-V Maneja, Windows Admin Center.
System Center Configuration Manager (SCCM) - inoshandiswa kuendesa kwakawanda kweanoshanda masisitimu, kuisirwa mashandiro emakambani kubva pakabhuku kamwechete, kuisirwa Windows zvigadziriso pamaseva uye kupera kwenzvimbo dzekushanda, kuverengera kwezvikumbiro uye kuverenga kwemarezinesi. Zvinoita sekunge ichi ndicho chega chigadzirwa kubva kuSystem Center mutsara unozosara uinesu mu-on-premise infrastructure, nekuti... Parizvino hazvigoneke kuitsiva zvizere nechimwe chinhu-chakavakirwa gore.
Kana iwe parizvino uchichengeta pane-nzvimbo yekumisikidzwa kweSystem Center Configuration Manager (SCCM), unogona kuramba uchidaro nekuti. chigadzirwa chichava nesu kweinenge makore anotevera 3-5. Pamusoro pezvo, ndingakurudzira kutanga kudzidza kugona kweHofisi 365, nekuti... izvi zvingaita zvakanaka neEnterprise Desktop Administrator chinzvimbo.
Basa rekutonga kune zvimwe zvakawanda zveSystem Center zvigadzirwa zvichabviswa. Azure masevhisi anorerutsa basa ravo zvakanyanya, vachivanza kuomarara kwese kubva pameso ekuona. Ngatitorei otomatiki maneja (SCORCH + SCSM) semuenzaniso. SCORCH ichatsiviwa neAzure Automation. Kuziva kweiyo otomatiki maitiro, PowerShell, SQL icharamba uye inobatsira kuAzure Automation, asi ruzivo rwekuvaka SCORCH masumbu, kuve nechokwadi chekuwanikwa kwavo kwepamusoro, saizi yezviwanikwa, kuvandudza, kutamira kune nyowani nyowani, backup uye kutarisa zvinorasikirwa nekukosha kwayo, nekuti. Basa rese iri richatorwa neAzure gore. Iyo otomatiki maneja inongotarisa chete pane otomatiki maitiro pachayo, nekuti ... Zvese zvinoshanda kuchengetedza kushanda kweiyo otomatiki zvivakwa zvichabviswa kwaari.
Windows server nemabasa ayo
Active Directory (AD) - iyo nzvimbo inochengeterwa mushandisi nemakomputa maakaundi. Kana kambani iine makomputa anopfuura makumi maviri, saka kazhinji ingangove yatova neimwe mhando yeActive Directory domain. Kuziva kweActive Directory, kugona kusiyanisa dura kubva kusango, uye kugona kushanda nemapoka marongero zvinosungirwa kune chero Windows maneja. Ruzivo urwu ruchave rwakakosha kune mamwe makore 20. Uyezve, ndingakurudzira kuti uzvizive neAzure AD (AAD), uchitarisa sarudzo dzekubatanidza vashandisi pakati pe-on-premise uye cloud infrastructure.
DNS, DHCP - network masevhisi, kunzwisisa kwacho kunobatsira munzvimbo dzese dzeIT, kubva kune manejimendi kusvika kuhurongwa, saka unofanirwa kuvaziva. Kunzwisisa mashandiro emanetiweki, maprotocol ekufambisa, OSI uye TCPIP modhi ichave yekuwedzera kune chero nyanzvi yeIT.
Hyper-V -zita reiyo yese stack ye virtualization tekinoroji kubva kuMicrosoft uye hypervisor yayo kunyanya. Iri kusimukira nekukurumidza, kunyangwe mukuona kwangu, mazhinji ezvinyowani (Shielded VM, Encrypted Subnets, Storage Spaces Direct) zvakanangwa zvakanyanya kune vemunharaunda (Cloud Service Providers) uye yepasirese (Azure) gore vanopa, uye kwete kumakambani. chikamu (Enterprise). Izvi zvinowanzo nzwisisika, sezvo Microsoft inotanga kushandisa uye kuyedza mashandiro matsva mugore rayo reAzure, uye yozongoiendesa kuWindows Server uye Hyper-V.
Hyper-V ichiri kutambura nekushaikwa kweiyo imwe yemahara koni inopa ese anodiwa maficha. Iye zvino tine Failover Cluster Manager, Hyper-V Maneja, Windows Admin Center. SCVMM yaifanirwa kunge iri console, asi inobhadharwa uye yakatiomera kudzidza.
Kana iwe parizvino uchichengetedza kuisirwa kwenzvimbo kweHyper-V isina SCVMM, unogona kuramba ukadaro. Mukufanana, ini ndingakurudzira kutanga kudzidza Azure IaaS uye masisitimu ekufambisa chaiwo mashini pakati pegore uye pane-nzvimbo zvivakwa.
Pakati pezvakatipoteredza (mabhangi, telecoms, makambani einishuwarenzi, maindasitiri makuru ekubata), zvese zvinogadzira virtualization, sekutonga, inotungamirwa neVMware vSphere, uye kwete Hyper-V ine SCVMM, saka ndinogona kukurudzira kuti Hyper-V maneja atarisewo. yakananga kuVMware uye zvigadzirwa zvayo.
Cloud services
Office 365 ibasa regore rinopa kunyorera pasuru yeMicrosoft Office zvikumbiro (yemuno neWebhu shanduro), uye zvakare inosanganisira iyo huru server zvigadzirwa - Exchange, Zvikwata, OneDrive uye Sharepoint.
Parizvino, Hofisi 365 ibasa rinozvimiririra iro rinenge rinovhara zvizere zvinodiwa zvekutaurirana muhofisi. Nekuda kwekureruka kwayo kuseta, yakanakira ese makambani madiki uye epakati uye makuru mabhizinesi.
Kuvapo kweakatoiswa Exchange, Matimu, OneDrive uye Sharepoint masevhisi ari mugore anoderedza zvakanyanya mutoro pane system administrator, nekuti. maitiro ese ekuisa, saizi yezvishandiso, kuvandudza uye kutamira kune mitsva shanduro zvino zvakazara neMicrosoft. Dai kare 4-6 vakazvitsaurira vakazvitsaurira maneja vaizove vachidikanwa kuchengetedza Exchange, Matimu, OneDrive uye Sharepoint mune yenzvimbo zvivakwa, ikozvino muHofisi 365 chete avhareji maneja anokwana. Kana chimwe chinhu chikasashanda kana kusashanda nemazvo, unogona kugadzira tikiti kuMicrosoft technical support zvakananga kubva kuHofisi 1 interface, iri nyore kwazvo.
Kana iwe parizvino uri maneja wehurongwa anochengetedza pane-zvivakwa shanduro dzeKutsinhana, Skype yeBhizinesi kana Sharepoint zvigadzirwa, saka ini ndingakurudzira kutarisa kune avo makore mavhezheni sechikamu cheHofisi 365 kuti unzwisise kuti inokukodzera sei uye mashandiro avanopa mukuenzanisa nawo. shanduro dzepa-nzvimbo.
Azure ipuratifomu yegore yepasi rose kubva kuMicrosoft inosanganisira iyo inogara ichiwedzera seti yemakore masevhisi ayo anobatsira masangano kugadzirisa matambudziko avo ebhizinesi. Parizvino, Azure inosanganisira anopfuura mazana matatu masevhisi, akaiswa muzvikamu zvakasiyana (computing, networking, kuchengetedza, dhatabhesi, analytics, Internet yezvinhu, chengetedzo, devOps, midziyo, nezvimwewo).
Sezvo yakatanga kuoneka muna 2009, Microsoft Azure ikozvino yave kune imwe yezvinzvimbo zvinotungamira mumusika wepasi rose masevhisi, inobudirira kukwikwidza ipapo neAmazon AWS.
Maererano neshumo yezvemari yazvino () Microsoft's quarterly (Q4 2019) purofiti yakakura ne49% nekuda kwekubudirira kweHofisi 365 uye bhizinesi regore. Mari yeAzure yakakura 64%.
Azure, pamwe neHofisi 365, ndidzo nzvimbo huru idzo Microsoft iri kutungamira zviwanikwa zvayo zvemari uye zvesangano.
Kuwanda kwemasevhisi papuratifomu yeAzure kunogona kuvhiringa kunyangwe nyanzvi yeIT ine ruzivo, saka pazasi pane tsananguro yeyakajairwa Windows server zvivakwa, uko mumaparenthese ini ndicharatidza iwo akaenzana analogues muAzure gore. Ndinovimba izvi zvichashanda senzvimbo yekutanga kudzidza Azure, nekuti, sezvaunoziva, iwe unofanirwa kutanga zvishoma, zvishoma nezvishoma uchidzika zvakadzika.
Yakajairika Windows server zvivakwa zvinotaridzika seizvi:
- Active Directory (AD) ine marongero eboka uye DNS. (Azure Active Directory (AAD), Azure DNS).
- DHCP
- Exchange mail server. (Chinjana online sechikamu cheHofisi 365).
- RDS purazi ine akati wandei terminal maseva. (Azure virtual muchina + Azure Virtual Network + Azure Storage).
- Sevha yefaira iyo vashandi vanochengeta mafaira avo. (Azure File Storage, Azure virtual muchina + Azure Virtual Network + Azure Storage)
- Masevha ane maapplication uye dhatabhesi (1C, yemukati saiti portal, CRM, nezvimwewo). (Azure SQL Database, Azure Web Sites, Microsoft Dynamics 365, Azure virtual muchina + Azure Virtual Network + Azure Storage)
Mabasa makuru ekutonga ndeaya:
- Kugadzira backups. (Azure Backup).
- Kuunganidza uye kuongororwa kwematanda. (Azure Log Analytics).
- Automation yenguva dzose mabasa. (Azure otomatiki).
- Kutarisa mamiriro emabasa uye kugamuchira zviziviso pamusoro pekukundikana (Azure Monitor).
Kune vatariri veWindows vanochengetedza zvivakwa zvemuno, ini ndaizopa zano chekutanga kutsvaga maanalog evanoda masevhisi muAzure gore kuitira kuti vashande navo zvishoma, kuona kubatsira kwavo kukambani, uye, pamwe, kuronga sarudzo dzakasanganiswa, kusarudza. zvakanakisa zvepasi rose.
Kudzidzisa zvidzidzo
Kusimbisa kweMicrosoft mukuvandudza zvigadzirwa zvayo kuri kuchinjika zvishoma nezvishoma kune mhinduro dzemakore, saka unofanirwa kutanga kudzidzidza izvozvi. Ndekupi kwandingawana rumwe ruzivo nezve Azure muRussia? Zvinosuruvarisa, hakuna zvakawanda zviwanikwa zvakadaro.
Microsoft inopa kushandisa yayo Microsoft Dzidza portal - . Zvinyorwa zvinoshandurirwa muchiRussia, vhidhiyo inopiwa muChirungu, kunyange zvazvo ine zvinyorwa zveRussia.
Sechinhu chakanaka uye chemhando yepamusoro chekudzidza Azure, ndingakurudzira iyo Exam AZ-900 Azure Fundamentals kosi, iyo Igor Shastitko anoverenga paYouTube chiteshi () Parizvino pane mavhidhiyo gumi nematatu, asi kana paine tsigiro yakakwana kubva munharaunda (senge, kunyorera), zvigadzirwa zvichaonekwa nekukurumidza uye kuenderera hakuzotore nguva.
Pamusoro pezvo, pane iyo iwalker2000 chiteshi, ini ndinokurudzira kutarisa playlist "IT Basa: Maitiro Ekuva Nyanzvi yeIT," izvo zvichabatsira vanoda nyanzvi kuona nzira yebudiriro yavo yehunyanzvi uye kuvaka basa ravo nemazvo. ()
Nehurombo, hapana zvakawanda zvekushandisa paAzure muchiRussia sezvatinoda, saka kana iwe uchiziva chero zvimwe zvinobatsira zviwanikwa pane iyi nyaya, ndapota igovera ivo mune zvakataurwa. Vazhinji nyanzvi dzeIT vachakutendai neizvi.
zvakawanikwa
Ndedzipi mhedziso dzinogona kutorwa kubva pane zvese zviri pamusoro?
- Kuchine hupenyu muzvigadzirwa zveMicrosoft, uye hazvisi kuenda. Microsoft ine yakaringana yakafara portfolio yemhinduro dzesoftware, mazhinji acho ari vatungamiriri mune yavo niches, saka system maneja anogara aine chimwe chinhu chekudzidza, kuita, kushanda nekusimudzira.
- Zvivako zveMicrosoft zvino zvave kushingaira kuchinja, uye izvi zviri kuitika nekusimbiswa kwekuvandudzwa kwemasevhisi emakore - Azure neHofisi 365. Zvigadzirwa zvitsva zveMicrosoft uye zvikumbiro zvichatanga kugadzirwa kuti zvishande mugore maererano nemhando yekunyorera ine mubhadharo wemwedzi wega wega. Chete zvimwe zvezvigadzirwa izvi zvinozoitwa mune-panzvimbo mhinduro.
- Zvimwe zvinodhura uye zvakaoma-ku-kutsigira zvigadzirwa zvichakurumidza kutisiya, zvichifamba zvakakwana kana chikamu kune Azure cloud kana Office 365. Vatungamiri vega vanoramba vachichengetedza chigadzirwa chimwe chete (somuenzaniso, SCOM, SCSM, nezvimwewo) vachakurumidza kuva. kubviswa.
- Kana iwe uri ane ruzivo system maneja anoshanda muMicrosoft ecosystem, saka haufanirwe kudonhedza zvese uye kumhanya kuDevOps, iyo yava kutaurwa nezvayo pamakona ese. Iwe unogona kuenderera mberi nekuenderera mberi munzira yako, uchiwedzera hunyanzvi muAzure uye Hofisi 365 gore masevhisi.
- Kuti urambe uri nyanzvi inotsvakwa mumusika wevashandi, uchafanirwa kudzidza, kudzidza uye kudzidza zvakare. Pfungwa ye "dzidzo yeupenyu hwese" yeIT inonyanya kukosha kupfuura nakare kose, kunyanya iye zvino munguva dzekushanda kwekusimudzira kwemafu tekinoroji.
- DevOps ikozvino iri pamusoro pekuzivikanwa kwayo (hype). Ichokwadi. Pakutanga, DevOps yaionekwa senzira inobvumira kuvandudzwa kwesoftware uye mashandiro kuti aunzwe pamwechete, nevagadziri vezvirongwa nemainjiniya vachishanda pamwechete vakananga kuchinangwa chimwe chete - kuita kuti software ive nani. Kunyanya kukoshesa kwaiva pakushandura tsika yekukurukurirana pakati pezvikwata, kugadzira nzira dzekubatsirana uye mutoro wekubatana kwechigumisiro chekupedzisira. Nekudaro, semhedzisiro, izvi zvakakonzera kubuda kwechinzvimbo chitsva - DevOps injinjini, kwakapihwa mabasa einjiniya (CICD), automation administrator, cloud administrator uye oparesheni injiniya. Iyi yatova fait accompli. Huwandu hwevashandi veDevOps uye zvavanoda zvinongosimbisa izvi.
DevOps ikozvino inogona kutariswa seimwe nzira yekuwedzera yekusimudzira masisitimu manejimendi injiniya. DevOps inzira yakanaka yeavhareji maneja kuti achinje indasitiri yake yazvino kuindasitiri yekuvandudza software. Avo vanoda otomatiki uye kunyora kodhi zvinyorwa vanozopedzisira vave vagadziri, uye avo vanosarudza zvivakwa zvinhu (network, maseva, OS, makore, nezvimwewo) vanozova maDevOps mainjiniya.
- Kana iwe uri nyanzvi yekutanga, kana kuti uchangopinda IT, saka DevOps ikozvino inzira yakanaka yekusimudzira munguva pfupi uye kuwana basa mukambani yakajairika, ine mubhadharo wakanaka uye hofisi yakanaka, saka dzidza Linux, Ansible, Docker, Kubernetes, Python uye CICD.
Munguva pfupi yadarika, kudiwa kwepuratifomu yeLinux uye mhinduro dzine chekuita nekuvandudzwa kwesoftware kwakawedzera, asi izvi hazvikonzerwi neMicrosoft ecosystem, asi ingori niche nyowani yakaonekwa uko Docker naKubernetes vari kushingaira kushandiswa, monolithic application inochekwa kuita madiki-sevhisi. , uye bhizinesi rinoda kukurumidza kukurumidza kwekuburitswa kwesoftware kuderedza nguva yekushambadzira yekushanda kutsva.
Source: www.habr.com