Ichi chikamu chechipiri che "series" pamusoro pedzidzo yechikoro cheRussia uye mikana yeIT yekuvandudza munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana. Kune avo vasina kuiverenga, ndinokurudzira kutanga nayo . Ndichakuyambirai ipapo kuti chinyorwa ichi hachisi nezve sarudzo yakakwana yezvidzidzo zveUnited State Exam uye kwete zvekurwa pakati pe "jocks" ne "nerds." Zvinonyanya kukoshesa kuvimbika uye kushanda zvakanaka. Pakupedzisira - tsvakurudzo duku yemagariro evanhu.
Disiki: Ini ndinonyora nenzira yekufananidzira, pakureba, uye dzimwe nguva inopinda mu radicalism. Conservatives yemitsara yese haina kukurudzirwa kuverenga. Usazotaura pava paya kuti hauna kunyeverwa. Wakagadzirira kuwedzera diki radicalism kuhupenyu hwako hwakagadzwa hwemazuva ese?
Makore makumi mana apfuura yakabuda , furemu yakashandiswa seCDPV yebhuku rino. Mune chimwe chezviratidziro zvake, mumashoko echimiro chinotambwa neanopenya , misiyano yehunhu hwevanhu inocherechedzwa zvikuru: “Munhu wese ane bhatani...” Ndinoda kukorokotedza avo vanogoverana manzwiro angu manyoro emufananidzo uyu pamusi wegore negore uye kuwana mamwe e "mabhatani" emukuru weRussia wemazuva ano. dzidzo system.
Kuita muviri - kumwana wese wechikoro
Hazvichakwanisi kufungidzira dzidzo yechikoro yemazuva ano pasina mabhuku. Uye ndizvozvo. Zviri mukati mezvidzidzo zvechikoro, zvakagadziriswa panzira inobatika, zvinodzivirira vadzidzi kubva pakusagadzikana kusingadzoreki kana paine mukana wokusaenda kumakirasi. Mabhuku anodzidzisa anobvumira vadzidzi kuyeuka misoro inofukidzwa uye kujairana neiri kuuya, uye anopa nhungamiro yegadziriro yepurogiramu yedzidzo yevabereki.
Mupfungwa yakafara, mabhuku anogonawo kusanganisira yamuro dzokudzidzisa. Aya ndiwo marudzi ese ezvinyorwa zvekubatsira pazvidzidzo, zvakagadzirirwa nenzira yekutaipa: kubva kumabhuku ebasa chaiwo uye mepu yekuratidzira kuenda kumabhuku ane dambudziko uye anthologies. Kusiyana kwavo nekusiyana-siyana kwakaramba kuchikura sezvo hupfumi hwemhuri dzevadzidzi huchikura, uye munguva yedu yekutengeserana kwe "zvese nezvose," nhamba yavo yasvika pamiganhu isingafungidzike.
Zvichida muenzaniso wakanyatsojeka wechidzidzo chechikoro umo mabhuku asingawanzoshandiswa idzidzo yemuviri (aka "dzidzo yemuviri"). Asi, kunyanguvezvo, mabhuku echikoro anomushandirawo.
Mabhuku anodiwa kuchikoro uye kumba. Haasi munhu wese anogona kukwanisa kuve nemaseti maviri emabhuku ekuverenga. Hazvisi zvikoro zvese zvinokwanisa kugovera nzvimbo yekuzvichengeta. Saka, sekutonga, vana vechikoro vanomanikidzwa "kutakura" mabhuku echikoro, zuva nezuva uye gore negore, "kupomba" simba uye kutsungirira. Mabhegi echikoro nemabhegi emarudzi ese akave chinhu chakakosha pakudzidzira basa. Iyi "chishandiso" chemusasa uye chevashanyi ndiyo chete nzira yekusiyanisa mudzidzi kubva kumudzidzi "wemahara" munguva idzodzo nenzvimbo apo uye uko yunifomu yechikoro yakabviswa.
Mubereki ane ruzivo rwokuzviwanira anoziva kuti mabhuku okuchikoro (kunyange mupfungwa yakafara) handizvo zvoga zvinofanira “kungoitwawo zvako.” Kunyora, kudhirowa uye kudhirowa zvekushandisa, seti yepurasitiki, shangu dzekutsiva, shangu dzemitambo uye yunifomu ye "kurovedza muviri", apuroni, majasi uye oversleeves e "basa", akagadzirwa nemaoko kubva kune ese marudzi ehunyanzvi, mhando uye mamwe "herbariums", skates uye skis nemapango munguva yechando, dzimwe nguva zvakare "snack" - zvese izvo vana vechikoro vanofanirwa kutakura kuenda nekubva kunzvimbo yavo yekufunda. Pane mamwe mazuva, mutoro chaiwo pamunhu achiri kukura, maererano nehuremu hwemuviri wake, unogona kudarika imwechete "full loadout" parameter yemauto akasarudzika akagadzirira kuiswa kuseri kwemitsara yevavengi.
Uye izvi hazvisi kuverenga chero "kunze kwechikoro" uremu. Kana mwana achiendawo kuchikoro chemimhanzi kana (seapotheosis yemuenzaniso) kudzidzira hockey, uye haana nguva yeku "mhanya kumba," saka sezvakataurwa nevaRoma: .
Kudzidzira wega kune avo vane hunyanzvi hwekuita
Neraki, yedu yakashinga Rospotrebnadzor haina kurara uye inomira yakangwarira kuchengetedza hutano hwevanhu. Iye kunyange nguva nenguva kuti kune maSanPiN anotanga и . Iyi mirau yakatsanangurwa inotsanangura zvizere "yakanaka" yechikoro cheRussia.
Kubva pazviyero zvatinodzidza kuti huremu hwebhuku remudzidzi wepakati wechikoro chesekondari hahufanire kudarika 500 gramu. Chiitiko chako pachako chinoratidza kuti ichi chinenge chokwadi. Ndiko kuti, mabhuku ezvinyorwa anowanzo kurema magiramu 300, asi kana uchiwedzera zvinyorwa uye zvivharo kwavari, zvese zvinokwana hafu yekirogiramu pachidzidzo. Wanza neavhareji yenhamba yezvidzidzo pazuva. Isu tinowana avhareji uremu hwe "mukwende weruzivo" wemakirogiramu matatu.
Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo yakakurudzirwa uye inorema huremu hwebhegi rechikoro rakapedzwa rinoiswa pa10% uye 15% yehuremu hwemuviri wemwana, zvichiteerana. Zviri nyore kuona kuti mudiki mudzidzi, zvinonyanya kuoma kuzadzisa iyi mipimo. Kunyanya kana iwe ukateerera kune chokwadi chekuti chizvarwa chechidiki chevadzidzi ndivo vanonyanya "kuteerera kuchikoro" maererano nekupfeka marudzi ese emakesi emapenzura, maforodha, mashifiti, masutu nemidziyo.
Pamwe mese munoona kuti hazvisi “zvinyorwa zvedzidzo” zvese, zvisinei nekuti zvine hutsanana zvakadii, zvinogona kushanda sebhuku. Chokwadi, takazviita , iyo iri kuumbwa mukati meBazi Redzidzo. Rondedzero iyi inonzi "federal" nekuti kune zvakare "regional" mazita akafanana. Muchiono, runyorwa rwemubatanidzwa runosanganisira ese aya mazita edunhu, kunyangwe pasina pese mukati izvi hazvina kunyorwa zvakajeka. Handisati ndambokwanisa kunzwisisa zvinorehwa nekuvapo kwezvinyorwa zvematunhu emabhuku. Mushure mezvose, zvisinei kuti rondedzero yemubatanidzwa inoumbwa sei, hazvibviri kurambidza zviri pamutemo chikoro kushandisa chero bhuku kubva mairi.
Kune zvakare "nyore" masangano akatenderwa kutsikisa mabhuku. Hapasisina rusununguko rwedunhu rwunopihwa pano (kunyangwe rwakadai semumabhuku ezvinyorwa). Musiyano mukuru pakati pechinyorwa ichi ndechekuti haisanganisi chimwe chigadzirwa chekugadzira (zvichida yavo inogara ichichinja zvakasiyana-siyana haibvumiri izvi), asi kugadzirwa pachako.
Nekutsvagisa kudiki, uchaona kuti zvakafanana zvinoenda kune zvinyorwa. . "Makuhwa" kuti dzakawanda dzendaza dzakabatikana zvikurukuru nezvinyorwa zvevamwe . Mune ruzivo rwese rwakapihwa neinjini yekutsvaga, kutarisisa kwakanyanya kunobhadharwa mari yehurumende yegore negore pakutenga mabhuku uye mabhuku ezvinyorwa ndeye 20-25 bhiriyoni rubles.
Ane “muchina wokuverengera”?
Sezvaanonyora, Mwari ngaamuropafadze, mutambi wepamusoro weSoviet-Russian satire mune chimwe che "zvisingaori" zvake: Ngatiedzei kuita semukomana uyu anogona.
Nhamba yevatengi vemabhuku echikoro muRussia yemazuva ano, kureva и , inogona kufungidzirwa kuti inosvika mamiriyoni 18 evanhu. Nemaverengero akareruka, tinoona kuti nyika pagore inopedza mari ingangoita 1100-1400 rubles kupa zvinyorwa zvakadhindwa kune yega yega yevashandi mukuita kwedzidzo. Sezvingatarisirwa, mari iyi haina kukwana kunyatso gadziridza "homwe yedzidzo neraibhurari." By Kune vashandi veraibhurari yechikoro chaivo, muunganidzwa wavo wemabhuku nezvinyorwa zvinovandudzwa chete ne20-25% pagore. Zvinoitika kuti nyika inogadziridza zvizere seti yechikoro yezvinyorwa zvakadhindwa anenge makore mana ega ega. Asi zvakadaro, muzviitiko zvakawanda, vabereki vanofanira kutenga mabhuku ezvidzidzo uye mabhuku.
Kwenguva yakati zvino mabhuku ekuverenga iva nefomu remagetsi mukuwana veruzhinji. Chinodikanwa chakadaro, pasina kupokana, pachacho kufambira mberi kukuru mukuona kuwanikwa kweruzivo kuvanhu. Nekuda kweizvi, vadzidzi muzvikoro zvine nzvimbo yekuchengetera mabhuku avo ekuverenga vanokwanisa kurerutsira mabhegi avo zvishoma. Nekudaro, sezvatinoziva, kuwanikwa kweveruzhinji uye mahara zvinhu zviviri zvakasiyana. Uye bhegi remwana rakareruka richabhadharawo vabereki mari.
Sei mumiriri wemitemo akamira pahafu yezviyero uye asina kumanikidza chikamu chakakosha chedzidzo "inoratidzika kunge yemahara" kuti iitwe yemahara kuvadzidzi nevadzidzisi (uye ndiani mumwe anoda izvi?) Mubvunzo mukuru kwandiri pachangu. Izvi zvingaita kuti upenyu hwevana vechikoro vakawanda nevabereki vavo huve nyore, pasina kumwe kupfumisa, sezvatinoziva zvino, vaparidzi vasina kana kumbova varombo nemari yavo.
Uye kazhinji, aya mabhiriyoni emaRubles anogona uye, mumaonero angu, anofanira kushandiswa nekuchenjera kupfuura kubhadhara kutendeuka kwemiti kuita mapepa emarara. Pakupedzisira, kuti mukomana ave "anokwanisa" sebasa raMikhail Mikhailovich, mumwe munhu anofanira kumupa "muchina wekuverenga", nokuti hazvizoitike kuronga bhuku. Zvine musoro kungopa mudzidzi wega wega piritsi remahara, kana zvirinani zvakadaro, yakazara-yakazara laptop.
Kukosha kwechinyorwa kwakaratidzwa nemwedzi ichangopfuura yekudzidza kure muzvikoro zvakawanda munyika yose. Pasinei neidi rokuti munguva iyi vaparidzi vakawanda vakarega uye vakazarura mabhuku avo emagetsi asingabhadhari, izvi hazvina kupedza chinetso chokudiwa kwokuti mudzidzi mumwe nomumwe ave nenzira yo“kukurukurirana nekombiyuta nomudzidzisi.” Mumhuri huru, nyaya iyi yakasimuka zvakanyanya.
Nyaya dzekuronga hupfumi hwechikoro informatics
Ini handisirini ndakatanga kuburitsa pfungwa iri pachena kudaro. Uye kunyange kwenguva yakati, nhepfenyuro yedu yaiwanzotaura nezve "chikoro" tablet chirongwa chiri kugadzirwa. kutaurwa kwacho, sekureva kwemugadziri wetablet, kwaive kwakanyanyisa. Zvisinei, munguva pfupi yapfuura hapana chakanzwika pamusoro pekufambira mberi nemigumisiro yekushandiswa kwehwendefa rechikoro cheRussia.
Haisi chakavanzika kuti Russia ine imwe tekinoroji lag mukugadzirwa kwema processor uye mamwe "makuru-akakura akabatanidzwa maseketi." Uye a multimillion-dollar batch yemakomputa akagadzirwa zvachose pazvinhu zvemumba anogona kushanda sesimba rakanaka rekusimudzira kwavo. Komputa yechikoro haidi "yepamusoro" maitiro, uye yedu microelectronic kugadzira inoda mari.
Uye kana iwe usinganetseki nekuchinja kwekunze, saka ikozvino kune yakanaka uye isingadhuri mienzaniso yemakomputa anopfeka emhando dzakasiyana uye mhando dzinogona kushandiswa kune izvi zvinangwa. Tafura yakanaka paYandex.Market inogona kutengwa kubva ku2 zviuru zveRubles, kureva, inenge mutengo wemari yegore negore yehurumende yemabhuku emudzidzi mumwe chete, uye laptop yakanaka - kubva ku12 zviuru zveRubles. Uye chimwe nechimwe chazvo chichava chakareruka kupfuura makirogiramu matatu. Ehe, iwe zvakare uchafanirwa kushandisa mari pane yakakodzera software. Sezvineiwo, nyika ine hukama huri nani nevagadziri vesoftware pane kugadzirwa kwezvikamu zvekombuta.
Zvingangodaro zvine musoro kusiyanisa marudzi emidziyo yemakomputa yemagiredhi akasiyana echikoro. Pamwe pachikoro chepuraimari, kana, sezvavanowanzo kunzi, nhanho yekutanga, unogona kupfuura nehwendefa rine mashoma mashoma "muverengi" mabasa. Asi kutanga kubva padanho rechipiri, vana pavanotanga kudzidza sainzi yekombuta uye kugadzira zvipfupi, komputa inopfekwa inofanira kunge iine basa rakakodzera. Inogona kunge ichiri piritsi, asi inofanirwa kunge iine yakazara suite yemahofisi ekunyorera. Kana isu tichida kuti vana vedu vechikoro kubva kune rimwe zera kuti vanzwisise zvizere izvo zvekutanga zve "digital economy" professional, saka kubva zera rino zvakakosha kuvapa pavari yavo yakazara-yakazara laptop ine maturusi ekuvandudza ekudzidza.
Kuti abvise kusagona kuverenga nekunyora uye kuita budiriro mu "industrialization" mu20s uye 30s yezana ramakore rapfuura, ruzhinji rwevanhu venyika rwaifanira kunge (vakada kumanikidzirwa) vakagara pamadhesiki uye kupihwa nemabhuku ekuverenga. Izvo hazvizogoneke zvakare kukunda izvo hutungamiriri hwedu hunofunga se "analog economy" uye kuita budiriro mu "digitalization" pasina kuve nechokwadi chekuenzana kwekudzidziswa kweIT uye kupihwa kwemakomputa.
Unofungei pamusoro peizvi? Pazasi, sezvandakavimbisa, pane ongororo diki. Ndokumbira usarudze mhinduro iri padyo newe pamubvunzo wega wega.
Vashandisi vakanyoresa chete ndivo vanogona kutora chikamu muongororo. , Munogamuchirwa.
Hurumende inoshandisa mari yakakwana kutenga mabhuku ekuverenga “emahara”?
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27,7%Handione kana paine chikonzero chekudzitenga zvachose.26
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13,8%Kupfuurisa. Tinofanira kucheka shure.13
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17,0%Quite. Siya sezvazviri.16
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41,5%Hazvina kukwana. Tinoda zvimwe.39
94 vashandisi vakavhota. 50 vashandisi vakaramba.
Nyika inofanirwa kupa mukana wemahara kumabhuku mune zvemagetsi fomu?
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99,3%Ehe saizvozvo. Izvi zviri muvanhu.140
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0,7%Hapana zvakadaro. Uku kuparara kwemusika.1
141 vashandisi vakavhota. 16 vashandisi vakaramba.
Mabhuku ane mapepa anofanira kutsiviwa nekombuta inopfekwa here?
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27,9%Hongu, izvi zvinodiwa padzidzo yemazuva ano.38
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30,2%Hongu, yakanakira uye inoshanda.41
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8,8%Hongu, ichaponesa miti.12
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11,8%Kwete, vachangotsauswa chete.16
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8,8%Kwete, hazvina kunaka.12
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12,5%Kwete, vachaiputsa (kurasika) zvakadaro.17
136 vashandisi vakavhota. 19 vashandisi vakaramba.
Ko makombiyuta anopfekwa evana vechikoro anofanira kutengwa nemari yaani?
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26,3%States. Pamusoro pemabhuku.36
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46,7%States. Panzvimbo pemabhuku.64
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13,1%Mhuri. Pamusoro pazvo, ava ndivo vana vavo.18
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13,9%Nokuti hapana munhu. ndinopikisana navo.19
137 vashandisi vakavhota. 22 vashandisi vakaramba.
Kana ukatengera vana vechikoro makomputa anopfekeka kubva kubhajeti renyika, rudzii?
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7,6%Cheap kuchengetedza.10
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15,3%Kugadzirwa kwemumba kuikurudzira.20
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77,1%“Hazvidyike” kuti vashande nguva refu.101
131 vashandisi vakavhota. 22 vashandisi vakaramba.
Source: www.habr.com