Muchinyorwa chino ndinoda kugovera ruzivo rwangu rwekushandisa yakavhurika sosi masisitimu Zabbix uye Grafana kuona kushanda kwemitsara yekugadzira. Ruzivo urwu runogona kubatsira kune avo vanotsvaga nzira yekukurumidza yekuona nekuona kana kuongorora yakaunganidzwa data mumaindasitiri otomatiki kana mapurojekiti eIoT. Chinyorwa chacho hachisi chidzidzo chakadzama, asi pfungwa yekutarisa sisitimu yakavakirwa pane yakavhurika sosi software yechigadzirwa chekugadzira.
Zvishandiso
Zabbix - isu tanga tichiishandisa kwenguva yakareba kutarisa iyo IT zvivakwa zvechirimwa. Iyo sisitimu yakave yakanakira uye yepasirese zvekuti takatanga kuisa data kubva kumitsara yekugadzira, masensa uye ma controller mairi. Izvi zvakatibvumira kuunganidza ese metrics data munzvimbo imwechete, kuita magirafu akareruka ekushandisa zviwanikwa uye kuita kwemidziyo, asi isu tainyatsoshaya analytics uye yakanaka magirafu.
grafana chishandiso chine simba chekuongorora uye kuona data. Nhamba huru yemapulagi inokubvumira kuti utore data kubva kwakasiyana siyana (zabbix, clickhouse, influxDB), igadzirise panhunzi (verenga avhareji kukosha, sum, musiyano, nezvimwewo) uye dhirowa marudzi ese emagrafu (kubva mumitsetse iri nyore, speedometers, matafura kune madhayagiramu akaoma).
Draw.io - sevhisi inobvumidza iwe kudhirowa kubva kune yakapfava dhizaini kuenda kune yepasi chirongwa mune online edhita. Kune akawanda akagadzirira-akagadzirwa matemplate uye zvinhu zvakadhonzwa. Dhata inogona kutumirwa kune ese makuru graphic mafomati kana xml.
Kuisa zvose pamwe chete
Pane zvakawanda zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa pamusoro pekuisa uye kugadzirisa Grafana neZabbix, ini ndichakuudza nezve makuru ekugadzirisa mapoinzi.
A "network node" (host) inogadzirwa paSevha yeZabbix, iyo ichave yayo "data zvinhu" (zvinhu) zvine metrics kubva kuma sensors edu. Zvinokurudzirwa kufunga kuburikidza nemazita emanodhi uye data data pachine nguva uye kuita kuti ive yakarongeka sezvinobvira, sezvo isu tichavawana kubva kugrafana kuburikidza neanogara achitaurwa. Iyi nzira yakanakira nekuti unogona kuwana data kubva kuboka rezvinhu nechikumbiro chimwe chete.
Kugadzirisa grafana iwe uchada kuisa mamwe mapulagi:
- Zabbix naAlexander Zobnin (alexanderzobnin-zabbix-app) - kubatanidzwa ne zabbix
- natel-discrete-panel - plugin yekuonesa discrete pane yakachinjika girafu
- pierosavi-imageit-panel - plugin yekuratidza data pamusoro pemufananidzo wako
- agenty-flowcharting-panel - plugin yekuratidzira ine simba yedhiyagiramu kubva kudraw.io
Iko kubatanidzwa neZabbix pachayo kwakagadziriswa mugrafana, menyu chinhu ConfigurationData sourcesZabbix. Ikoko iwe unofanirwa kutsanangura kero yeapi zabbix server, izvi ndizvo zvandinazvo , uye pinda nepassword kuti uwane. Kana zvinhu zvose zvikaitwa nemazvo, kana uchichengetedza zvirongwa pachava nemashoko ane api version nhamba: zabbix API version: 5.0.1
Kugadzira Dashboard
Apa ndipo panotanga mashiripiti eGrafana nema plugins ayo.
Natel-discrete-panel plugin
Tine data pamusoro pemamiriro emotori pamitsetse (kushanda = 1, kusashanda = 0). Tichishandisa girafu rakajeka, tinogona kudhirowa chiyero chinozoratidza: mamiriro einjini, mangani maminetsi / maawa kana % yakashanda uye kuti yakatangwa kangani.
Kuona mamiriro einjini
Sekuona kwangu, iyi ndeimwe yeakanakisa magirafu ekuona mashandiro ehardware. Iwe unogona kubva wangoona kuti yave nguva yakareba sei isina basa uye mumamodhi api iyo inoshanda kazhinji. Panogona kuve nedata rakawanda, zvinokwanisika kuaunganidza nerenji, shandura iwo nehunhu (kana kukosha kuri "1", wobva waratidza se "ON")
Plugin pierosavi-imageit-panel
Mufananidzo uri nyore kushandisa kana uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchingero dhizaini kana pasi hurongwa pauri iwe waunoda kuisa data kubva kune sensors. Mune zvigadziriso zvekuona, iwe unofanirwa kutsanangura iyo URL kumufananidzo uye kuwedzera sensor zvinhu zvaunoda. Chinhu chinoonekwa pamufananidzo uye chinogona kuiswa panzvimbo yaunoda negonzo.
dhizaini yevira ine tembiricha uye kumanikidza metrics
agenty-flowcharting-panel plugin
Ndinoda kutaura zvakadzama nezve kugadzira FlowCharting kuona, sezvo iri chishandiso chinoshanda zvinoshamisa. Iyo inokutendera iwe kuti ugadzire ine simba mnemonic dhizaini, izvo zvinhu zvinozoita kune kukosha kwema metrics (chinja ruvara, chinzvimbo, zita, nezvimwewo).
Kugamuchira data
Kusikwa kwechero chinhu chekuona muGrafana kunotanga nechikumbiro che data kubva kunobva, mune yedu yabbix. Tichishandisa mibvunzo, tinoda kuwana ese metrics atinoda kushandisa mudhayagiramu. Metric dhata ndiwo mazita e data zvinhu muZabbix; unogona kutsanangura chero metric kana seti yakasefa kuburikidza neyakajairwa kutaura. Mumuenzaniso wangu, chikamu cheChinhu chine chirevo: β/(^mutsara 1)|(kuwanikwa)|(zucchini)/β - izvi zvinoreva: sarudza ese mametric ane zita rinonyatsotanga neβmutsara 1β kana rine izwi rekuti βkuwanikwa β kana rine izwi rekuti "zucchini"
Muenzaniso wekugadzira chikumbiro che data pane yekutanga mutsara injini uye kuwanikwa kwezvinhu zvakasvibirira
Kushandurwa kwedata
Iyo sosi data inogona kusagara iri muchimiro chatinoda kuiratidza. Semuenzaniso, tine data yemaminiti-ne-miniti pamusoro pehuremu hwechigadzirwa mumudziyo (kg), uye tinoda kuratidza chiyero chekuzadza mu t / awa. Ndinoita izvi nenzira inotevera: Ndinotora data yehuremu uye ndinoishandura ne grafana delta function, iyo inoverenga mutsauko pakati pemaitiro emagetsi, saka uremu huripo hunoshanduka kuva kg / min. Ndobva ndawedzera ne0.06 kuti ndiwane mhedzisiro mumatani/awa. Sezvo huremu hwemetric huchishandiswa mumibvunzo yakati wandei, ini ndinotsanangura zita idzva rayo (setAlias) uye ndichaishandisa mumutemo wekuona.
Muenzaniso wekushandisa delta uye multiplier parameter uye kupa zita remetric mumubvunzo
Heano mumwe muenzaniso wekushandurwa kwedata: Ini ndaida kuverenga huwandu hwemabhechi (kutanga kwekutenderera = injini kutanga). Iyo metric inoverengerwa zvichienderana neiyo injini mamiriro "mutsara 1 - pombi pombi kubva tangi 1 (chimiro)". Shanduko: isu tinoshandura data reyekutanga metric nebasa re delta (kusiyana kwezvikoshi), saka metric ichave yakakosha "+1" yekutanga injini, "-1" yekumisa uye "0" kana injini ichiita. kusachinja chimiro chayo. Ipapo ini ndinobvisa ese kukosha pasi pe1 uye ndinoapfupisa. Mhedzisiro ndiyo nhamba yeinjini inotanga.
Muenzaniso wekushandura data kubva kune yazvino mamiriro kune nhamba yekutanga
Zvino pamusoro pekuona pachako
Muzvirongwa zvekuratidzira pane bhatani rekuti βRongedza Dhirowaβ; inotangisa mupepeti waunogona kudhirowa dhayagiramu. Chinhu chimwe nechimwe chiri padhayagiramu chine maparameter ayo. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe ukatsanangura marongero efonti mupepeti, anozoiswa kune data kuona muGrafana.
Izvi ndizvo zvinotaridzika mupepeti muDraw.io
Mushure mekuchengetedza dhizaini, ichaonekwa mune grafana uye iwe unogona kugadzira mitemo yekuchinja zvinhu.
Mune parameters () tinotsanangura:
- Sarudzo-seta zita rekutonga, zita kana zita remetric rine data richashandiswa (Nyorera kune metrics). Mhando yedata aggregation (Aggregation) inokanganisa mhedzisiro yekupedzisira yemetric, saka Yekupedzisira inoreva kuti kukosha kwekupedzisira kuchasarudzwa, avg ndiyo avhareji kukosha kwenguva yakasarudzwa mukona yepamusoro yekurudyi.
- Thresholds - the threshold values ββparameter inotsanangura iyo logic yemavara ekushandisa, kureva kuti, iyo yakasarudzwa ruvara ichaiswa kune zvinhu padhiyagiramu zvichienderana nemetric data. Mumuenzaniso wangu, kana ma metrics akakosha ari "0", chimiro chiri "Ok", ruvara ruchava rwegirini, kana kukosha kuri "> 1", chimiro chichava Chakakosha uye ruvara ruchava dzvuku.
- Ruvara/Tooltip Mappings" uye "Label/Text Mappings" - kusarudza schema element uye mamiriro emaitiro ayo. Muchiitiko chekutanga, chinhu chacho chichapendwa pamusoro, mune yechipiri, pachava nemashoko pamusoro payo ane data kubva kumetric. Kuti usarudze chinhu padhiyagiramu, unofanirwa kudzvanya pachiratidzo chedunhu uye tinya padhiyagiramu.
Mumuenzaniso uyu, ndinopenda pombi nemuseve wayo wakatsvuka kana uchishanda uye girinhi kana ikasadaro.
Ndichishandisa iyo flowcharting plugin, ndakakwanisa kudhirowa dhayagiramu yemutsara wese, pairi:
- ruvara rwezvikwata zvinoshanduka zvichienderana nemamiriro avo
- pane alarm yekusavapo kwechigadzirwa mumidziyo
- mota frequency setting inoratidzwa
- yekutanga tangi yekuzadza / kurasa kumhanya
- nhamba yezvikamu zvekushanda kwemutsara (batch) inoverengwa
Kuona basa rekugadzira mutsara
mugumisiro
Chinhu chakanyanya kuoma kwandiri kwaive kuwana data kubva kune vanodzora. Nekuda kwekuita kwakasiyana-siyana kweZabbix maererano nekugamuchira data uye kuchinjika kweGrafana nekuda kwema plugins, zvakangotora mazuva mashoma kugadzira yakazara yekugadzira mutsara yekutarisa skrini. Kuona kwakaita kuti zvikwanisike kuona magirafu nenhamba dzehurumende, pamwe nekuwana nyore kuburikidza newebhu kune wese aifarira - zvese izvi zvakaita kuti zvikwanisike kuona nekukasira kuona zvipingaidzo uye kusashandisa zvakanaka mayunitsi.
mhedziso
Ini ndaifarira chaizvo musanganiswa weZabbix + Grafana uye ndinokurudzira kuiteerera kana iwe uchida kukurumidza kugadzirisa data kubva kuvatongi kana masensa pasina hurongwa kana kuita zvigadzirwa zvakaomarara zvekutengesa. Ehe, izvi hazvitore nzvimbo yehunyanzvi SCADA masisitimu, asi inokwana sechombo chekutarisisa chepakati chese kugadzirwa.
Source: www.habr.com