Zvakaoma kutenda kuti mukuru uyu weTestamende Yekare anobva kunzvimbo yakapfuma yeSan Francisco ndomumwe wevatangi veRuNet.
Joel Schatz musayendisiti, muoni, ane hunyanzvi uye muzvinabhizinesi, muhuduku hwake aida kuyedza nekuziva; chiitiko chepfungwa chakamubatsira kuti anzwe kubatana kwezvinhu zvese zvekuvapo.
Joel Schatz: hippie uye IT muzvinabhizimusi.
"Ndakashamisika kuti sei nyika ichiita seisina kubatana pasina zvinodhaka, ndakabva ndaona kuti raive basa rangu kugadzira maturusi eruzivo kutibatsira tese kuunza zvidimbu zvakasiyana zvechokwadi pamwechete."
Disclaimer. Ichi chinyorwa chinyorwa chemufirimu unoshamisa "Holivar" naAndrei Loshak. Kune vanhu vanochengetedza nguva uye vanoda mameseji, kune avo vasingakwanisi kuona mavhidhiyo kubasa kana mumugwagwa, asi nemufaro kuverenga Habr, kune vanhu vakaoma kunzwa, avo iyo audio track isingasvikike kana yakaoma kunzwisisa. Tasarudza kunyora zvimwe zvinhu zvakanaka kune vese pamwe newe. Kune avo vachiri kuda vhidhiyo, chinongedzo chiri kumagumo.
Panguva yakakwirira yeCold War, Schatz akaenda kuUSSR kuti atange kutaurirana. Joseph Goldin, weSoviet mystic, muoni uye muzvinabhizimusi, akavawo shamwari yake uye munhu ane pfungwa dzakafanana. Goldin akabatikanawo nepfungwa yekutaura nemhiri kwemiganhu, achive murongi wekutanga teleconferences neAmerica.
Teleconference Leningrad-Boston. 1986
“Ndinoda kutaura kuti mukushambadzira kwedu paTV zvese zvine chekuita nezvebonde. Une kushambadzira kweTV kwakadaro here?
- "Asi isu tinoita bonde ... hatiite bonde uye tinopokana nazvo."
Kuchema kwevateereri: "Tinoita zvepabonde, hatina kushambadza."
"Uku kukanganisa"!
Goldin aitenda zvakasimba musimba reterevhizheni. Schatz inotora nzira yakasiyana uye inobvumirana nekushandira pamwe neResearch Institute yeApplied Automatic Systems. Yakapfupikiswa seVNIIPAS, ndiro rega sangano muMubatanidzwa rine chiteshi chakazvitsaurira kumadokero.
Joel Schatz: hippie uye IT muzvinabhizimusi.
“Ndakaronga kubatanidza makombiyuta pakati penyika mbiri idzi, mukuru wesangano iri, Oleg Smirnov, akafarira pfungwa iyi. Asi kuti asakumbire mvumo kubva kune vezvekuchengetedza, akakudana kuyedza. Saka kubatana kwedu kwekutanga kwemakomputa kubva kunyika mbiri vachishandisa X25 protocol kwakaitika pasi pechiyedzo.
Iyi purogiramu ndiyo yekutanga kutaura pamusoro pevakatangira Internet, iyo teleconferences yepasi rose yakaitirwa kuVNIIPAS. Kutenda kumunyori wenyaya, biochemist Klyosov, unogona kuona kuti network yaitaridzika sei isati yatanga webhu.
Dmitry Klyosov. Biochemist uye piyona weInternet.
"Kuti ndibatane nekombuta yekutanga yekunze pano, komputa yandinoshandisa iri kuCanada, ndinopa murairo mupfupi uye ndinobatana neCanada. Ndizvozvo, kubatana kwaitika uye system inoratidza inonzi menyu, ichindizivisa kuti ndakagamuchira tsamba shanu kubva pabasa rangu rekupedzisira. Aya ndiwo maviri ekutanga kubva kuSweden, ini ndinogona kutoona ipapo, imwe kubva kuU.SA, tevere Finland uyezve New Zealand. Uye anobva andiudza kuti ndeapi makonferensi andiri kushanda, ndeapi mameseji matsva akaunganidza. "
Chikamu chepurogiramu "Nguva". 1990
Rimwe zuva muMoscow vakasaina chibvumirano chemubatanidzwa weSoviet-America bhizinesi rakasiyana nemamwe.
Pakare, sangano idzva rinonzi Sovam Teleport.
Heino Oleg Smirnov, mutungamiriri weVNIIPAS.
"Zvinozogoneka kutumira mameseji, tafura, girafu, tsamba. Ngatiti kuSan Francisco, New York kana Canada. "
Uyu ndiJoel Schatz, director weSan Francisco-Moscow Teleport.
"Kugadzirwa kwemubatanidzwa nevatinoshanda navo vekuAmerica, mubatanidzwa weSovam Teleport, uchasimbisa chirongwa ichi chiri kuitika munyika medu. Democratization, kubuda pachena uye kutsvaga vanobatika uye vanodiwa munzvimbo dzese. "
Alexey Kolesnikov. Technical director weSovam-teleport muna 1990-1995.
- "Mubatanidzwa waida kushamwaridzana nevanhu vekuAmerica ipapo?"
- "Handizive, handigoni kutaura kuti chii, vaida kuva shamwari, zvichida vaida kuva chikamu chenyika huru, yakabudirira."
Sovam Teleport yakava yekutanga Internet mupi muUSSR. Mumakore mashoma, Schatz achadzokera kuAmerica.
Joel Schatz: hippie uye IT muzvinabhizimusi.
“Handina kumbobvira ndarota nezvekupa hupenyu hwangu mukuvaka bhizinesi rekufambiswa kwemashoko muRussia; ndainyanya kufarira hurongwa hwekutanga hukama hwenyika kuitira kudzivirira hondo yenyukireya. Panguva iyoyo zvaiita sekunge hukama hwaive hwave kudzokera kune zvakajairika, yaive nguva ine tariro uye takafunga kudzoka. "
Alexey Kolesnikov. Technical director weSovam-teleport muna 1990-1995.
“Akanga ari munhu asina maturo, akadzingwa muUto reUnited States, akagara musango imomo nerudzi rwemahippies, achiedza kushandisa acid (LSD). Kuguma kwe60s San Francisco, chii chandingataura, zvakajeka ... Sezviri pachena aive nemhando yechiratidzo pamusoro pekuti nyika ino inofanira kuumbwa sei, uye inofanira kuumbwa nenzira iyo vanhu vanogona kutaurirana. Zvino pandinosangana naye totaura, ndinobvunza, "Unozvifarira sei?" Izvi zvinoreva kuti munhu wese anotaurirana nemunhu wese, asi vanotonyanya kuvengana.” Anoti zviri pachena kuti uyu ndiwo hunhu hwemunhu.”
Kubuda kweInternet kwakabatana nekuputsika kweSoviet system uye kurota kwaSchatz naGoldin kwakazadzika, chidzitiro chakadonha, zvese munyika chaiyo uye mune chaiyo.
Alexey Kolesnikov. Technical director weSovam-teleport muna 1990-1995.
Zvakanaka, ndaiva nemakore mangani panguva iyoyo, 25 kana chimwe chinhu, ndakanga ndichiri muduku ipapo, ndakarembera kunze uko naPolunin Slava, nevanyori, nevaimbi: imwe mhando yeObermaneken, Cinema, Boris Grebenshchikov. Zvakanaka, chii chimwe chaunoda? Vakabva vafarira nyika yakavhurika yaive kuseri kweIron Curtain. Uye vaive muhofisi, hongu, pamakonzati vakaita mitambo inopenga. Vakatora SS-20 rocket carrier, Strategic ballistic missiles, vakaisa Polunin uye clowns pairi ndokuenda naye kuRed Square.
Joel Schatz: hippie uye IT muzvinabhizimusi.
“Isu takanga tisina mvumo yepamutemo, asi mapurisa emumigwagwa haana kutimisa nekuti Joseph akakwanisa kuvanyengetedza kuti danho iri rakabvumiranwa kumusoro. Uye ndiyo yaive pfungwa yese. "
Alexey Kolesnikov. Technical director weSovam-teleport muna 1990-1995.
"Tese tiri vadiki uye vatete pano, heino chiso changu chakanaka chine muswe wepony, zvakanaka, mukomana weinternet, chii chiri kuitika."
Sovam Teleport yakatumidzwa zita rekuti Rossiya Online, ndokuzotengeswa kuGolden Telecom, iyo yakatorwawo neBeeline rekodhi 4-pamwe nemabhiriyoni emadhora. Imwe hippie inoshamisa, Schatz akamuka semurume akapfuma.
Joel Schatz: hippie uye IT muzvinabhizimusi.
"Takapfuma uye zvakatishamisa, nokuti chakatiunza kuSoviet Union chakanga chisiri chido chekuita mari, asi chido chekuita zvakanaka, kuunza vanhu vokuRussia neAmerica pedyo pamwe chete kuitira kuti nyika ive yakachengeteka. ”
Ehe, iyo pedigree yeRuNet haingosanganisire mahippie eCalifornia. Mushure mekurwiswa kweAfghanistan, Soviet Union yakazviona iri pasi pezvirango. Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu aya, timu yevagadziri vepurogiramu yakakwanisa kuRussia iyo yakatumirwa muchivande yeAmerican Unix system yekushandisa.
Uye kuvaka network yakavakirwa pairi. MaUnixoids akawanda akashanda pakombiyuta pakati peKurchatov Institute.
Alexey Soldatov. Musoro weComputer Center yeIAE yakatumidzwa zita. I.V. Kurchatova muna 1985-1992, baba Runet.
Iyi itiweki yakabatanidza masayendisiti, uye zvakanyanya kukosha, network yakadzikama. Vanhu vanotaurirana pamwero mumwe chete. Izvi zvisati zvaitika, kana iwe waida kuwana mhedzisiro yeimwe sangano kubva pachikoro ichi, saka waida kuti mutengi wako abate iyeye anosarudza, uye aitumira mirairo ... Asi pano pakanga paine hukama hwakachinjika, kubva kune imwe neimwe kuenda kune imwe neimwe, uye yakafanira. kune izvi, kuchinjana kukuru kwakaitika. Zvinyorwa, mhedzisiro yekuyedza, zvichingodaro. "
Mumufananidzo uyu, maSoviet programmers akagamuchira Kanzuru yeVashandi Mubairo wekugadzira iyo DEMOS inoshanda sisitimu (Dialogue Unified Mobile Operating System), iyo yepamusha vhezheni yeUnix, masayendisiti madiki akakwanisa kugadzirisa software yepamusoro kumakomputa ekumashure eSoviet. Hurumende haina kuranga chirongwa ichi, asi chakakurudzira.
Leonid Yegoshin. Baba vaRunet.
Vakapihwa mubairo, menduru, diploma uye 480 rubles kune mumwe nemumwe. Vakatipa muKremlin muhoro iri pasi pedome, inoonekwa kubva kuRed Square, kuseri chaiko kweLenin Mausoleum. Unoziva here? Uko! Takabva tabuda tikatorwa mapikicha zvikazova mufananidzo une mukurumbira.
Muimba yeCalifornia yaNatalya Paremskaya, chirikadzi yepurogiramu Mikhail Paremsky, Maslenitsa inopembererwa. Shamwari dzekare dzeUnixoid dzakaungana.
Natalya Paremskaya. Senior programmer.
“Zvakanga zvakadaro. Paremsky akaunza matepi aya kubva kuUnix padumbu rake, uye kubva kune imwe nzvimbo akavakanganisa. Akaikweva nepagedhi, kuburikidza neKurchatov Institute, uye ipapo vanhu vakafarira. Iri rakanga risiri basa rebato, rehurumende, pakanga pasina zvakadaro. Ava vaive vanhu vaive nechido. Tese taiva neushamwari. Zvese izvi zvaishamisa kwazvo, munoziva, senge imwe mhando yekufamba neKSP. Munoziva, zvakanga zvakadaro zvichibva pamwoyo.”
KSP ikirabhu yenziyo yemamateur. Zvakafanana nekufamba kwevanoda mafambiro enziyo dzebard.
Soviet Union yagara ichikurudzira sainzi inoshandira kudzivirira. Hazvishamisi kuti nzvimbo dzesainzi dzine chekuita nefizikisi yenyukireya dzakatanga kubatana kune network. IHEP (Institute of High Energy Physics) yakanangana nekubatana neCERN (European Center for Nuclear Research) uye chikamu neAmerica.
Leonid Yegoshin. Baba vaRunet.
“Nemhaka yekuti marabhoritari mazhinji eIHEP akagadzira michina yekuedza pamwe chete, kutaurirana kwaidikanwa. Mutungamiriri wacho akava nomukana wokubatanidza panguva iyoyo kupfurikidza netambo yorunhare yokuMoscow bedzi. Vakaisa modem pamutsetse uyu uye ini ndakapa email chiteshi ndichishandisa Unix neSoviet komputa. Yakanga iri budiriro. "
Mikhail Popov. Senior programmer.
“Mukati meawa imwe taigona kutaura nevanhu gumi vanobva kumativi ose enyika ndokuwana mhinduro. Izvi zvakafanana nechinhu chakashandura zvachose zvinhu zvose. Hapana kutonga! Kunzwa kwemikana mitsva zvachose. "
Muna 1991, putsch yakaitika, apo "Swan Lake" yakatepfenyurwa paTV, vanopa vakaudza nyika nezve zvaiitika munyika. Kunyange ipapo zvakava pachena kuti Indaneti inogona kuva imwe nzvimbo yeruzivo.
Alexey Soldatov. Musoro weComputer Center yeIAE yakatumidzwa zita. I. V. Kurchatova muna 1985-1992, baba vaRunet
Vakamisa node paKurchatov Institute, ine imwe yakasara muDemos. Takapanana ruzivo. Paive neruzivo rwemhando iyi: "Ini ndakagara pauriri hwakadai, matangi ari kuuya kukero yakadai." Mushure meizvozvo, chikumbiro chaYeltsin chakaziviswa uye isu takabva tataura, sesu, ndakadaidza shamwari dzangu ndikavakumbirisa kuti vasaende kunovharirwa, asi kuti vaende kubhizinesi ravo guru, nekuti izvi zvakanyanya kukosha. "
Kamwe pavhiki, mugadziri wepurogiramu Alexei Rudnev anoedza kubhururuka pamusoro peSan Francisco Bay kuti "abvise musoro wake," sezvaanotaura. Unixoid ane mukurumbira, mumwe wevakahwina Mubayiro weDare reMakurukota, Rudnev akabva kuRussia anenge makore 20 apfuura, sezvakaita vakawanda vomumufananidzo iwoyo usingakanganwiki.
Alexey Rudnev. Baba vaRunet.
“Vanhu vekutanga vaive mamaneja vakambove MNF uye vaimbove vatungamiriri vemarabhoritari, vakatendeseka uye vasina kudzidza zvakanyanya mubhizinesi. Pakupera kwema90s, mabhizinesi akange atosvika, kwaive nebhizinesi rakawanda, tekinoroji shoma, ndiko kuti, yakazove isingachafadze, vanhu vakatanga kutsvaga mabasa matsva, ikozvino nhamba yedu iri mumatunhu, zvakanaka, mumaonero angu. , zvakazoitika kune imwe nzvimbo 60/40. Pano tine zvimwe zvishoma, asi zvakare zvese zvinoenderana. "
Kuungana pamwe chete, madzibaba Runet kazhinji kuyeuka nyika yokumusha kwavo, uko unyanzvi hwavo hwaisadiwa.
Leonid Yegoshin. Baba vaRunet.
“Anga ari makore makumi mapfumbamwe. Ipapo kwakava nehudzvinyiriri hwemusango, vagadziri vacho vaive padivi. Zvakazoonekwa kuti harisi dambudziko guru, dambudziko riripo nderekuti mari ndoiwanepi, kutenga chiteshi, kunyengerera, kuroja imba.
Alexey Rudnev. Baba vaRunet.
"Kureva kuti, padanho rekutanga, vagadziri ndivo vakanyanya, padanho rechipiri, mabhizinesi akava ivo vakuru, uye zvino zvakajairika."
Leonid Yegoshin. Baba vaRunet.
"Uye chirongwa chese chakatanga kutamira kumwe, zvakava pachena kuti nyanzvi dzehunyanzvi dzaisazodikanwa kwenguva yakareba."
Alexey Rudnev. Baba vaRunet.
"Zvakanaka, hachisi chokwadi. Ivo havasi kuzotungamira."
Uye vazhinji vakaenda.
Leonid Yegoshin. Baba vaRunet.
"Hongu, chikonzero changu nei, kazhinji, takabva ndeichi. Kureva kuti zvaive pachena kuti vaisazodiwa kwenguva yakareba.
Vagadziri vagara vachikosheswa muUSA?
Leonid Yegoshin. Baba vaRunet.
"Uri chii, chokwadi."
Vazhinji vevashandisi vanotaura chiRussia mukutanga 90s vaive masayendisiti uye vakapedza kudzidza vadzidzi vekuWestern mayunivhesiti nenzvimbo dzekutsvagisa. Iyo IQ level muRuNet yaive yakakodzera.
Roman Leibov. Philologist uye piyona weRunet.
Kutanga kwandakawana - zvaive zvakadaro. Yave nguva yevamwe mamaneja eAmerican lab. Nenzira yomuzvarirwo, ivo vaitaura chiRussian nokuda kwangu, asi panguva imwe cheteyo vakanga vakanyatsobatanidzwa mugadziriro yomunzvimbomo. Ndakafunga kuti kana ukauya paInternet, ungatadza sei kunzwisisa chirungu?
Alexey Andreev. Munyori uye piyona weRunet muna 1994 - 1996, mudzidzi akapedza kudzidza kuWest Virginia University.
Ikoko, chokwadika, kwakanga kunewo zvimwe zvikwaniriso zvoungwaru. Kureva kuti vanhu vakatanga kuuya ikoko vaive vari kumayunivhesiti. Kana kuti mune mamwe makambani eIT, ndiko kuti, pakanga pasina kudzokorora neimwe pfungwa. Zvechokwadi vanhu vakanga vasinganzwisisike uye vanopenga, asi vakanga vasiri banal. Vese vainakidza neimwe nzira.
Muna 1993, Indaneti yakaonekwa, World Wide Web, mabhurawuza akaita kuti Indaneti iwanikwe kwete kumasayendisiti chete.
Maxim Moshkov. Musiki weMoshkov Library sosi.
“Gore ra1994 rave kupera, imwe nzira yakaunzwa kubazi reMasvomhu. Yatova iyo inogara yakadaro Internet chaiyo. Uye isu tinotanga kugadzira www, sevanhu vese "vachena". Hatizivi kuti chii. Tinoziva kuti tinoda kudhirowa peji uye kuigadzira nenzira yakakosha. Isu tinoenda kuCern server, inenge yekutanga www server munyika, pane peji reimba yemuvambi wemutauro uyu chaiwo http Cenrov, unoziva kuti "About me", "About me". Isu tinoidhawunirodha uye inoti saka-ne-saka, mugadziri we mosaic (Mosaic ndiyo yekutanga webhu browser ine graphical interface), http, inoshanda ipapo, saka, "Ini ndine chakadaro uye chakadaro chekuzvivaraidza," "heino mufananidzo wangu. “. Vese vashandi pamwe chete vanotora peji ino, vanokanda kunze zita rekupedzisira redude, vanyore ivo, vatsiva mufananidzo newavo, uye zvino munhu wese ane peji rake. Muchokwadi, chirongwa ichi ndechekukopa-namira, hapana chatinoziva, asi isu tichakopa zvese, zvakaitika sekudaro. "
Dmitry Werner. Mugadziri wewebsite anekdot.ru muna 1994-1998, purofesa anoshanyira paYunivhesiti yeKentucky.
"Muna 1994, mumatunhu, ndakawana nzvimbo, yainzi vazukuru vaDazhdbog, Vazukuru vaDazhdbog, yakagadzirwa naSergei Naumov, mudzidzi akapedza kudzidza pane imwe yunivhesiti yeAmerica, uye pakanga paine mirayiridzo yekuti ungaitwa sei muRussia. komputa, Ini Russified a Unix workstation, yaive mufaro wakakwana. Pashure pemakore mana ndichigara kunze kwenyika, ndakaona mashoko echiRussian pakombiyuta. Indaneti yekuRussia yaive diki kare ikako. "
German Klimenko. Internet entrepreneur.
"Tinonyatsovanza kuti zvese zvakatanga sei, ipapo pakanga paine izwi rekuti" vasikana vaviri paawa," ndiko kuti, paive nefido, pakanga paine 1200-bit modem, uye saka wakagara uye wakawana mapikicha maviri evasikana vane erotic content. paawa. Ndiko kuti, hapana chingaitwa - ndizvozvo. Vakatakura zvishoma nezvishoma, ndosaka izwi rekuti "vasikana vaviri paawa" rakashandiswa, urombo.
Artemy Lebedev Studio inopemberera makore makumi maviri nematatu. Ikozvino kune vangangoita 23 vashandi uye zviuru zvezvirongwa zvakapedzwa. Pakaonekwa webhu, mugadziri weAll Rus 'anga asati asvika makumi maviri. Aigara nevabereki vake muU.SA uye aifarira mifananidzo yemakomputa.
Artemy Lebedev. Mugadziri weAll Rus'.
“Ndakauya kuno ndikave munhu wekutanga akatanga kudhirowa mawebhusaiti achitsvaga mari dzevanhu nezvimwe zvakadaro. Pakati pevatengi vangu vekutanga, muna 1996-1997, vaiva Hewlett-Packard, Central Bank yeRussia, ndakagadzira webhusaiti yekutanga yeHurumende Duma. Kureva kuti ndakagara kumba mukitchen mangu, vakauya vaka order, nekuti kwainge kusina mumwe munhu wekuenda. Ndakashanda kwemazuva nemazuva uye ndakaita ndega izvo vanhu 5 vakazotanga kuita muzuva rimwe chete; zuva rangu rekushanda ipapo raiva maawa 36. Ndakavhara maketeni, ndaiva nemabhodhoro maviri emarita maviri ecola nepizza nefodya, uye aya ndiwo ega mafuta andaishandisa.”
Roman Leibov. Pioneer weRuNet.
“Tarirai, zvino tava kuona Lotman. Patinofamba, tinoramba tichiona Lotman. "
"Uye apa ndipo panotanga Lotman kuparara oshanduka kuita Cthulhu kana chimwe chinhu chakadaro."
Kunyange zvazvo hutano hwekubatanidza hwakaita kuti zvikwanise kutora vasikana ve2 paawa, Indaneti yakanga iri pamusoro pezvinyorwa, kwete zvemifananidzo. Zvinofananidzira kuti mapiyona akati wandei eRunet vaive vadzidzi veLotman mukuru paYunivhesiti yeTartu.
Roman Leibov. Pioneer weRuNet.
"Lotman akauya ne semiosphere, pfungwa ye semiosphere ndeyokuti munhu akakomberedzwa nezviratidzo, izvo ivo pachavo vanobudisa. Pakasvika Indaneti, takaona chinonzi semiosphere.”
Mumwe mudzidzi weLotman, Dmitry Itskovich, nhasi ndiye muridzi wenzvimbo dzakakurumbira dzekunwa. Pakati pe-90s, mahofisi evapepeti ezvinyorwa zvekutanga zvepamhepo zvine mazita akareruka zhurnal.ru uye polit.ru aive mufurati rake paKalashny Lane; iyi ndiyo nzvimbo iyo Internet yerubatsiro rweRussia "yakagadzirwa."
Dmitry Itskovich. Entrepreneur uye Runet mapiyona.
"Vakatipa modem uye takanga tine inenge yekutanga ethernet muMoscow, inopinda mu" uropi hwegoridhe ". Kubva pahwindo reimba yangu, danda rakananga rakanongedza kuChikoro cheScience, kuburikidza naro Internet yakauya kwatiri, uye mukamuri mangu maingova nemakomputa mashanu uye mumwe munhu aigara achiita chimwe chinhu paari. Isu taiva vekutanga kuita misangano yeIRC naPrigov, neAuction, naPelevin. "
Zvino zvaigoneka kudana Pelevin uye kubvumirana pane chimwe chinhu naye?
“Mupfungwa ipi”?
Zvakanaka, haatauri nemumwe munhu iye zvino.
"Zvakanaka, isu hatina kupa zvisina maturo. Izvi zvaive zvinhu zvinonakidza, zvebudiriro. Ainge akagara kudai, akavanda kuseri kwegonhi mukona.”
Kuti pasave neanomuona?
"Zvakanaka, hongu, akadzikisa nzvimbo yake zvakanyanya uye isu tinaye kuseri kwegonhi. Uye yakanga iri imba hombe yaichimbova yeruzhinji. Yakanga isati yambovakwazve, yaive hombe, yaityisa chose, mapete aigaramo, makanga musina kudziyisa, paive nemahwindo aitarisa kunhurikidzwa dzeKremlin, nekuti pauriri hwepamusoro.
Alexey Andreev. Munyori uye piyona weRunet muna 1994 - 1996, mudzidzi akapedza kudzidza kuWest Virginia University.
"Pane boka remakamuri nemakoridho uye unoenda kunosangana naNosik mune imwe kamuri, uye Tyoma Lebedev mune imwe. Zvakanaka, neimwe nzira ndakauya pano kamwe chete ndokusangana nemunhu wese kamwechete. Uye vaipinda nokubuda, uye panguva iyoyo mumwe munhu akanga achinyora zvinyorwa. Andrei Levkin akagara uye akagadzira Polit.ru, semuenzaniso, webhusaiti yenhau dzezvematongerwo enyika.
“Asi akagara mukona. Pano vanhu vanotamba dombo uye roll ... Izvi ndizvo zvakanga zvakaita Internet yekutanga yeRussia. Chinhu chakadai".
Dmitry Itskovich. Entrepreneur uye Runet mapiyona.
“Isu tine mabhuku ekutanga akanyorwa naNosik, Linor Goralik, Zhenya Gorny, mupepeti-mukuru - hazvisi zvemashura, zvichingodaro... Aya ese akange akasimba, aine chinangwa uye achifara kwazvo, achinwa, achinakidzwa. vanhu.”
"Paigara "Mine Surveyors", "AuktsYons", uyu Zhenya Fedorov, "Tequilla Jazz", kubva ipapo vakaenda uye vakauya kumakonzati. Eya, upenyu hwakadaro hwemusango hwemabohemian, vanhu vasingasviki 12 havana kugara pasi nokuda kwechisvusvuro.”
Waigara mune zvese izvi nguva dzese kana kuti wanga uine imwe mhando yekuparadzana...
“Kwete, ndaigara ikoko. Ndakabva ndaneta ndokubva ndaenda nazvo kumakirabhu chaiko.”
Itskovich, pamwe chete nevamwe vake, vakavhura "OGI Project" - yekutanga kugadzwa muMoscow kwaunogona kutenga doro nemabhuku. Akarasikirwa nekufarira Internet, nguva yekumanikidzwa kwerudo yakanga yapera, uye kuita mari pasina Indaneti kwaive kuri nyore uye kunonakidza. Pane imwe nguva, pakanga paine zvinyorwa zvakawanda paRuNet zvekuti makwikwi emabhuku epamhepo akave fashoni. Makwikwi ane mukurumbira, "Teneta," akabva atanga nembama kumeso kune kuravira kwevanhu.
Leonid Delitsyn. Programmer uye piyona weRunet.
"Zvichida muna 1997, Kirill Vorobyov akaonekwa ipapo, uyo akanyora pasi pezita rekunyepedzera Bayan Shiryanov uye akaunza ikoko bhuku "Low Pilotage," iro rakashamisa munhu wese, asi hazvisi izvo zvaitarisirwa nevarongi. Raiva novel pamusoro pevakapindwa muropa nezvinodhaka. Uye ikoko takagadzira zvinodhaka uye tikazvishandisa ipapo, uye pakanga paine zviratidzo nehupenyu hwevanhu ava, zvinotyisa uye zvinotyisa zviitiko zvinogona kukwikwidza zviri nyore naSorokin, nezvimwe. "
"Nyaya yaive yekuti Anton Nosik akaunza Shiryanov nevamwe vevakadomwa uye jury vakati izvi zvinofanira kubviswa zvachose, uye vamwe vakati" zvakanaka, tingaibvisa sei, takabvumirana kuti titore zvese uye tine makwikwi akanaka. , yedemocracy se- inga". Uye pakupedzisira vakazviratidza kuna Strugatsky, Strugatsky akati izvi zvakare mabhuku, akanyatsotaura kuti zvakafanana ne "The Life of Aliens," iyi zvakare mabhuku. Uye zvakasarudzwa kuti "hongu, zvakanaka, regai aende."
Rinonyadzisa raShiryanov rakava mukundi wemakwikwi; gore rinouya munyori pachake achapa vakundi nemubairo wakakosha - murwi wepepanhau rezvinonyadzisira "More". Mutevedzeri wemutungamiri wehutungamiri hwehutungamiri, Sergei Kiriyenko, achauya kumhemberero uye pane imwe nguva achange ari padanho rimwe chete naShiryanov, zvino izvi zvaigoneka.
Ipapo kwakava nedhiraivha yakadaro yekuputsa chimwe chinhu, ivo vakabhenga zvizere, zvakanaka, vechidiki vanofanira kuitei? Ichi chimiro chemazuva ose. At least unoyedza hurongwa hwesimba.
Pakutanga kweXNUMXs, sangano re-pro-Putn "Kufamba Pamwe Chete" rakatanga kutambudzwa kwechokwadi kwevanyori Sorokin naShiryanov: "Zvakanaka, hazvibviri kutora bhuku iri, nokuti scum." "Low Aerobatics" yakabviswa kutengeswa, uye mhosva yakavhurwa Shiryanov. Bayan Shiryanov, munyika Kirill Vorobyov, akadzokorora kuguma kwemagamba ake. Makore anoverengeka apfuura akafa nechiropa cirrhosis muurombo uye kukanganwa.
"Vasikana, simburai dumbu rangu nechiropa, ndichava murume akanaka zvakare, ndichava murume akanaka zvakare, ndine hutano uye mweya."
Imwe yematavi anobereka kwazvo eRuNet inotungamira kuJerusarema. Mukutanga kwemakumi mapfumbamwe, boka reshamwari dzakadzokera kumusha rakaumbwa pano.
Arsen Revazov. Musoro wesangano rekushambadzira IMHO.
"Kune imwe hafu-joke, takangosarudza kuenda kunoimba paBeneuda Street, mugwagwa wepakati weJerusarema, akadaro" Arbat ", anofamba netsoka, nziyo uye kuona kana vachitipa mari. Vakatikandira mashekeri anosetsa, mumwe munhu akakanda bhegi remachipisi, chimwe chinhu. Eya, neimwe nzira zvakava zvinofadza.”
Pakarepo vatatu kubva kukambani iyi vachava nhamba dzinokosha muRunet. Revazov naNosik vakadzidza pamwe chete muMoscow, muchikoro chechitatu chekurapa. Nechekare muIsraeri takasangana nomumwe akadzorerwa, Demyan Kudryavtsev.
Arsen Revazov. Musoro wesangano rekushambadzira IMHO.
“Hapana aive nemari, asi aive nemari yaigovanwa nemunhu wese, aidyisa munhu wese. Takanyora zvinyorwa, takaimba nziyo, takaenda kune mamwe mhemberero dzekunyora uye makirabhu. Zvakanaka, ndiko kuti, yaingova pati. Takadanana. Takanga tiri muzinda wenjere weJerusarema. Zvadaro zvinhu zvose muMoscow zvakanga zvisina kunaka, zvinhu zvose zvakanga zvakasuruvara, asi ikoko, pane kudaro, kwaidziya uye kuchifara.
Emelyan Zakharov akadzidza muchikoro chechitatu chekurapa pamwe naRevazov naNosik, uye haana kumbobva kuMoscow, achinyura mukati mechamupupuri chemakore makumi mapfumbamwe.
Emelyan Zakharov. Muvambi weCityline.
"Ndakanga ndine shamwari yepedyo, shamwari yepedyo, Ilya Medkov, akaurayiwa. Panguva iyoyo akanga ari muzvinabhizimisi mukuru zvikuru, zvichida, uyo angadai akava mumwe wama<em>oligarchs makuru, asi nhamo, haana kurarama kwenguva refu, akaurawa.”
Ilya Medkov, mumwe wevekutanga veRussia vane mamiriyoni akawanda, akaurayiwa muna 1993 aine makore 26.
"Ini ndaiita bhizinesi rakasiyana zvachose uye ndakave nekuputsika kwepfungwa, ndakazongoona kuti handaikwanisa kungofamba-famba muguta takatandara tese, handikwanise uye ndizvozvo, uye ndakaenda. France, kwandakanga ndave nekutanga uye kwekupedzisira kudhakwa muhupenyu hwangu. "
Mushure mekunge apora kubva pakunwa kwake, Zakharov akadzokera kuRussia nepfungwa yekugadzira mupi weInternet nemitengo inokwanisika. Akadana Nosik naRevazov, ipapo Kudryavtsev naLebedev, uye saka CITYLINE yakakurumbira yakaonekwa.
Yegor Shuppe, shamwari yaZakharov, muzvinabhizimisi uye mukuwasha waBoris Berezovsky, akava mutungamiriri mukuru.
Egor Shuppe. Mutungamiri weCityline muna 1996-2001.
“Borya akasarudza kusangana nesu. Akati, “Zvino ndichaunganidza vanhu vangu, uye iwe ugouya ikoko titaurirane.” Izvi zvisati zvaitika, takasangana mumwe nemumwe, kungotsanangura nezveInternet. Akati, “Sei zvose izvi, kana ukaita izvi, zvinhu zvose zvichagadziriswa,” chimwe chinhu chakadaro. Uye pakanga pane mazano ekutsvaga mari. Kubva kudivi raBory, pedyo neni pakamira Roma Abramovich, Evgeniy Shvindler, Alexander Voloshin. Takabvumirana pachikwereti chekutengesa, zvese zvaive fair. Zvakanga zvotyisa nekuti zvakazonetsa kuwana mari kubva kuna Bori. Naizvozvo, somugumisiro, ndaifanira kuwana mari mune imwe nzvimbo, Emelin akaiwana mune imwe nzvimbo. Pamari yakavimbiswa iyi X, takagamuchira 30% chete.
Artemy Lebedev. Mugadziri weAll Rus'.
"Mari neInternet - hazvina kuenda pamwe chete. Zvaiita sekunge tiri mudetembi rema50s, vanhu vachikurukura mari. Izvi hazvigoneke, nekuti munhu akadaro akabva adzingwa semuzvinabhizinesi akaipa, huckster uye speculator. Zvino zvinoreva kuti ndakatanga kupaza gomba, izvo zvinoreva kuti zvinyorwa zvaive zvemahara kune vaverengi, pakanga pasati pave nekunyoreswa, asi vanyori ava vanga vachitowana zvikwereti uye yaive shanduko. Uye chaizvoizvo, Nosik pachake akava mumwe wevanyori vekutanga. Ndakauya nezita rekuti "Evening Internet" uye akamhanya iyi kolamu yemazuva ese, yaive yakakurumbira zvakanyanya.
Arsen Revazov. Musoro wesangano rekushambadzira IMHO.
“Vakaunza mutengo we36.60 dollars, mitengo yacho yave madollar, yaive flat fee, yakachipa zvisingaite uye unokwanisa kuwana zvachose. Uyezve, sezvo zvaive pachena kuti hapana aizoda iyo Internet pachayo kana pasina zvirimo, vakaunza Anton Nosik kuti agadzire zvirimo.
Nosik akanga achigara muJerusarema panguva iyoyo, sezvinofanira muevhangeri womunguva yemberi, asi nokukurumidza iye neshamwari dzake vakadzokera kuMoscow.
Anton Nosik. Mupostori mukuru weRuNet.
“Ndakadzoka nekuti Indaneti yakatanga pano, yandanga ndichiita ikoko kwemakore maviri, uye shamwari dzangu dzakatanga Indaneti pano. Ndakagara muJerusarema uye ndakashandira shamwari dzangu muMoscow, nokuti chii chaigona kuwanikwa muIsrael duku muna 2 paInternet hachikwanisi kuenzaniswa netarisiro uye kufungidzira muRussia. IInternet yemutauro wekuRussia iri mukati me1996 miriyoni vanhu...
Imwe nyanzvi yekuongorora nyeredzi kubva kuSt. Petersburg, Dmitry Werner, aiva nebasa rakabudirira muKentucky mukutanga kwemakore makumi mapfumbamwe. Aive nechirairo chakanaka, kuunganidza uye kutumira majee online. anekdot.ru yakava yekutanga zuva nezuva yakagadziridzwa saiti paRuNet, uye munguva pfupi yaingove yekutanga.
Dmitry Werner. Mugadziri wewebsite anekdot.ru muna 1994-1998, purofesa anoshanyira paYunivhesiti yeKentucky.
"Pakanga pasina zvishambadzo. Asi vanhu vakati pane webhusaiti inotonhorera, uye pakupera kwa1996 pakanga pasina zana, asi patova nevanhu 100 pazuva. Panguva iyoyo zvakanga zvakawanda. Muna 1000, Rambler TOP 1997, mwana weInternet, akaonekwa, ndakagadzira counter uye zvakazoitika kuti ndakakurumidza kutora nzvimbo yekutanga pakati pemasayiti ose. Nenzira, uku ndiko kutaura kwaDelitsina, mumaonero angu, kuti majee ndeyebonde reRussia, vatungamiriri vevanhu vese nzvimbo dzezvinonyadzisira, asi yedu saiti ine majee. "
Zvishoma nezvishoma, majee akatanga kuvhiringidza kuita sainzi, zvaive zvakafanira kusarudza, uye maneja epamusoro eCityline akazvipira kubatana navo kuti vawane muhoro wakanaka, achivapa zita renzvimbo, uye Werner akasarudza majee.
“Panguva iyoyo ndakanga ndisinganyatsonzwisisi kukosha kwezita renzvimbo, ndakafunga kuti ndakanga ndatama kamwe, ndatama kechipiri, uye kana chimwe chinhu chakaitika ndaizotama zvakare, sezvo ndisina kuvatengesera basa racho. Ndakaenda kunoshanda pamuhoro wemupepeti, handina kungogumburwa, ndakashamisika pavakatengesa purojekiti yese kwandiri vasina kundiudza chero chinhu, pandakavhura rimwe bhuku repamhepo uye zvakanyorwa kuti Cityline yakatengesa anekdot.ru. Hongu, aya ndiwo aive mafungiro, purofesa wekuAmerica, kwete wenyika ino. Uye ichi ichokwadi, chokwadi pakanga pasina ruzivo rwezvekutengeserana. "
Makore mashanu apfuura, Werner akaita kuti zviroto zvake zviitike, akapinda muchikwereti ndokutenga webhusaiti yake kubva kuRBC. Zvakawanda zvaifanira kubayirwa nekuda kwezvinyorwa kuitira kusiya mwana anodiwa mumaoko asiri iwo.
Dmitry Werner. Mugadziri wewebsite anekdot.ru muna 1994-1998, purofesa anoshanyira paYunivhesiti yeKentucky.
“Ini nomudzimai wangu takashanda pamwe chete, iyewo nyanzvi yezvenyeredzi, uye zvechokwadi aida kuti ndidzidzewo nezvenyeredzi, uye ndakanyura muIndaneti yokuRussia. Somugumisiro, akaramba ari muAmerica, uye ini ndakadzokera kuRussia.”
Sezvo Cityline yaikura, yakatarisana nematambudziko matsva. Kushaikwa kwemitsara yemahara uye hackers. Dambudziko remutsara harina kukwanisa kugadziriswa; matsotsi akagadziriswa.
Emelyan Zakharov. Muvambi weCityline.
"Hackers, vamwe vakomana vanga vachinakidzwa nekurovera maseva. Isu takaronga kurwiswa kweDDOS, maseva akadonha, vashandisi havana kugamuchira sevhisi yakakodzera, vakatituka. Zvakanga zvisina kujeka kuti ndoita sei nazvo, saka ndakaita zvinotevera. Chero kupinda mumambure kunoitika kubva kune imwe kero. Kazhinji, zvaikwanisika kunzwisisa kupi, chii, sei. Muzhinji, vakandiudza kero, ndakasvika pakero iyi ine bat yebaseball, zvechokwadi yakavhuna makumbo emurume uyu ndokuenda, mushure mezvo hapana kana hacker imwe chete yakarwisa maseva eCityline, nokuti vaiziva kuti vatungamiri vehurongwa vaisazoshanda mukupindura. , asi ndaingosvika uye zvakazara ”…
Muna XNUMX, Boris Berezovsky akapokana nemutungamiri achangosarudzwa Putin uye akamanikidzwa kutama. Shuppe nemhuri yake vakabva vamutevera.
Egor Shuppe. Mutungamiri weCityline muna 1996-2001.
“Takabva tose, ndakatorerwa imba yangu, ndakatorerwa mabhizimisi akawanda. Ndinozvidemba, chokwadika, kuti hatina kukwanisa kupedza basa racho uye ndaifanira kubva.”
Iye zvino Yegor Shuppe anogara mumba make mune imwe nzvimbo yakasununguka yeLondon, asi anoyeuka nguva dzeCityline neshungu.
Egor Shuppe. Mutungamiri weCityline muna 1996-2001.
"Tiri kuvaka hwaro, isu hatisi toga, isu tiri vatori vechikamu mune ramangwana reRussia Internet. Takanga takatapukirwa nepfungwa idzi, uye pakanga paine nzvimbo yakawanda yekugadzira ipapo, kusvikira, zvinosuruvarisa, zvose zvakatanga kuchinjwa kuva zvematongerwo enyika. Zvichida iyi ndiyo kambani yakanakisisa yandati ndambova nayo muupenyu hwangu. Kwete maererano nekubudirira kwemari kana chimwe chinhu, asi mupfungwa yemweya. Isu takafanana nekutanga. Vaigara vaine hushingi. Paiva nemubhangi, uye iye zvino ava muposita. Asi isu taive mapositori ane hunhu. "
Muna 2000, Zakharov naSchuppe vakabudirira kutengesa Cityline nemadhora makumi matatu emamiriyoni. Schuppe aizoisa mari mukutanga kweInternet uye ove akabudirira bhizinesi capitalist. MuRussia, mhosva yemhosva ichazarurirwa kwaari mhosva yekuronga mhondi.
Emelyan Zakharov achazadzisa chiroto chake uye ovhura girazi remifananidzo yemazuva ano.
Demyan Kudryavtsev achava pedyo naBoris Berezovsky uye achava ruoko rwake rworudyi kwenguva yakareba.
Revazov's company IMHO ichava mutungamiri weInternet advertising muRussia.
Anton Nosik anozopedzisira azvisimbisa semuapostora mukuru weRunet.
Ndinokutendai nekugara nesu. Unoda zvinyorwa zvedu here? Unoda kuona zvimwe zvinonakidza zvemukati? Titsigire nekuisa odha kana kukurudzira kushamwari, 30% kuderedzwa kwevashandisi veHabr pane yakasarudzika analogue yekupinda-level maseva, iyo yakagadzirwa nesu kuti iwe: (inowanikwa neRAID1 uye RAID10, kusvika ku24 cores uye kusvika ku40GB DDR4).
Dell R730xd kaviri zvakachipa? Chete pano muNetherlands! Dell R420 - 2x E5-2430 2.2Ghz 6C 128GB DDR3 2x960GB SSD 1Gbps 100TB - kubva pamadhora makumi mapfumbamwe nemapfumbamwe! Verenga nezve
Source: www.habr.com