Tekinoroji yekurapa yakachinja zvakanyanya mazuva ano. High-tech midziyo yave kushandiswa zvakanyanya: magineti resonance imaging scanners, nyanzvi-kirasi ultrasound uye X-ray michina, centrifuges, gasi analyzers, hematological uye mamwe diagnostic masisitimu. Zvishandiso izvi zvakavandudza zvakanyanya kunaka kwemabasa ekurapa.
Kuti udzivirire midziyo yepamusoro-soro munzvimbo dzezvokurapa, zvipatara uye makiriniki, magetsi asingagoneki (UPS) anoshandiswa. Pamusoro pezvo, zvishandiso izvi zvinopa sevhisi yemhando yepamusoro kunzvimbo dzedhata kunochengetwa marekodhi evarwere, marekodhi ekurapa, uye maapplication ekugadzirisa data. Ivo zvakare vanotsigira kupihwa kwemagetsi ehungwaru ekuvaka manejimendi masisitimu.
Zvinoenderana netsvagiridzo yakaitwa nePublic Library yeSainzi, kudzimwa kwemagetsi mumasangano ekurapa kunokanganisa zvese kubva pakupa rubatsiro rwekurapa kusvika pakuchengetedza kushanda kwemidziyo yakaoma.
Zvikonzero zvinowanzokonzera kukanganisa kwemagetsi injodzi dzinongoitika dzoga: kunaya kwemvura, kunaya kwechando, madutu ... Mumakore achangopfuura, mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro ave achiwedzera munyika yose, uye, maererano nemagazini yezvokurapa The New England Journal of Medicine, kuderera kunononoka. hazvisati zvatarisirwa.
Zvinonyanya kukosha kuti masangano ezvehutano arambe akatsiga panguva dzenjodzi, apo zviuru zvevarwere zvingada kutarisirwa. Naizvozvo, kudiwa kweakavimbika UPS masisitimu nhasi kwakakura kupfuura nakare kose.
Makiriniki eRussia: nyaya yekusarudza yemhando yepamusoro UPS
Mazhinji masangano ekurapa muRussia ndeehurumende, saka kutenga michina kunoitwa pamakwikwi. Kuti usarudze UPS yakavimbika uye udzivise mitengo isingakodzeri mune ramangwana, pane matanho mashanu aunofanirwa kutevedzera paunenge uchigadzirira nyoro.
1. Kuongorora njodzi. Kuti udzivise kuputsika uye kugadzirisa kunodhura, zvakakosha kuchengetedza zvakakosha zvekurapa, kuisirwa marabhoritari munzvimbo dzekutsvagisa uye michina yemafiriji uko zvinhu zvebiological zvinochengetwa neUPS.
Mitemo inokosha inotangwa yezvikwata zvekushanda. Pano, mudziyo wega wega unodzokororwa kana ukaparara, uye imba yacho pachayo inopihwa neyakagadzika magetsi emagetsi.
Mambure emagetsi emakamuri ekushanda anofanira kunge akazvimiririra zvachose. Izvi zvinowanikwa nekuisa transformer. Chikanganiso chinowanzoitika kutsiva transformer neUPS inoshandura kaviri. Mubypass mode, maUPS akadaro haaparadze kusarerekera (kushanda zero), uye izvi zvinopesana nemaGOST ekurapa uye SNIP zvinodiwa.
2. Kusarudzwa kweUPS simba uye topology. Midziyo yekurapa haina chero yakakosha zvinodiwa kune aya ma paramita, saka unogona kushandisa UPS kubva kune chero vatengesi vane zvitupa zvepasi rose zvekuenderana kwemagetsi.
Iwe unongoda kusarudza pane simba rinoshandiswa nemidziyo nekusarudza imwe- kana matatu-chikamu UPSs. Zvemidziyo isingadhure zvakanyanya, inokwana kutenga yakapusa backup UPSs; yemidziyo yakakosha, mutsara-inert iwo akagadzirwa zvinoenderana nekaviri shanduko topology yemagetsi.
3. Kusarudza UPS architecture. Iyi nhanho inosvetuka kana ukafunga kuisa imwe-chikamu UPSs - iwo ari monoblock.
Pakati pematatu-chikamu zvishandiso, modular sarudzo dzakanakira, uko simba uye mabhatiri mayuniti akaiswa mune imwe kana akawanda makabati akabatanidzwa neyakajairwa bhazi. Iwo akakurisa kumakamuri ekushanda, asi anoda mutengo wepamusoro wekutanga. Zvakangodaro, modular UPSs vanozvibhadharira zvizere uye vanovimbika zvakanyanya neN + 1 redundancy. Kana imwe yuniti yemagetsi ikakundikana, inogona kubviswa nyore nyore yega uye kutumirwa kunogadziriswa pasina kukanganisa kushanda kwehurongwa. Kana yagadzirira, inokwidzwa kumashure isina kuvhara UPS.
Kugadziriswa kwemonoblock matatu-chikamu zvishandiso kunoda anokwanisa sevhisi injiniya kuti ashanyire saiti yekuisa uye inogona kutora mazuva kana kunyange mavhiki.
4. Kusarudza rudzi rweUPS nemabhatiri. Mibvunzo yekujekesa pakusarudza mutengesi:
- Mugadziri ane mafekitori ayo nenzvimbo yekutsvagisa here?
- Ko izvo zvigadzirwa zvine ISO 9001, 9014 zvitupa?
- Ndezvipi zvivimbiso zvinopiwa?
- Pane here mubatsiri webasa akatenderwa mudunhu rako kuti akupe rubatsiro nekuisa uye kutumira michina, uye nekuzogadzirisa?
Ruzhinji rwemabhatiri anosarudzwa achifunga nezvezvinodiwa zvehupenyu hwebhatiri: iyo yakareba, iyo yakakura bhatiri huwandu hunofanirwa kuve. Mumushonga, marudzi maviri emabhatiri anowanzo shandiswa: lead-asidhi ine hupenyu hwesevhisi yemakore 3-6 uye inodhura mabhatiri e-lithium-ion, ane huwandu hwakanyanya hwekuchajisa-kuburitsa, huremu hwakaderera uye kuderera kwekushisa zvinodiwa, uye hupenyu hwebasa hweanenge makore gumi.
Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa mabhatiri e-lead-acid kana network iri yemhando yakanaka uye iyo UPS inenge inogara iri mubuffer mode. Asi kana magetsi asina kugadzikana, pane zvirambidzo pahukuru uye uremu, iwe unofanirwa kupa sarudzo kune lithium-ion mabhatiri.
5. Kusarudza mutengesi. Sangano rakatarisana nebasa rekusangotenga UPS chete, asiwo kuendesa, kuisa nekuibatanidza. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kutsvaga mutengesi anozove mubatsiri wechigarire: zvine hunyanzvi kuita kutumwa, kuronga rutsigiro rwehunyanzvi uye kutarisa kure kweUPS.
Iyi nyaya inoda kutariswa zvakanyanya, nekuti mazwi ekutenga haatauri kuisa nekutumwa. Pane njodzi yekusara usina chinhu - kutenga midziyo, asi kwete kuwana mukana wekuishandisa.
Nyanzvi dzinopinda muinjiniya zvivakwa dzinofanirwa kudyidzana nevese dhipatimendi rezvemari nevashandi vekurapa, sezvo kutengwa kweUPS kunowanzo kurongwa pamwe chete nemidziyo mitsva yekurapa. Kuronga kwakakodzera uye kurongeka kwemari ivimbiso yekuti hakuzove nematambudziko nekutenga nekuiswa kweUPS.
Nyaya dzeDelta Electronics: ruzivo rwekuisa UPS mumasangano ekurapa
Delta Electronics, pamwe nekambani yekuRussia yekugovera Tempesto CJSC, yakahwina tenda yekupihwa kwemidziyo yekudzivirira masisitimu emagetsi. Scientific Center yeVana Hutano yeRussia Academy yeMedical Sayenzi (NCD RAMS). Inopa nyika-yemhando yekuchengetedza uye inoita yakakosha tsvakiridzo yekurapa.
Iyo SCDC RAMS yakaisa iyo yazvino midziyo uye yakakwirira-chaiyo tekinoroji, iyo inonzwa zvakanyanya kune kudzimwa kwemagetsi uye kukwira kwemagetsi. Kuchengetedza hutano hwepamusoro hwevarwere vechidiki uye kudzivirira kukuvadzwa kwevashandi vezvokurapa nekuda kwekushaya simba kwemidziyo, basa rakagadzirirwa kutsiva magetsi ekudzivirira maitiro.
Munzvimbo yenzvimbo yesainzi, marabhoritari uye mafiriji, UPS akatevedzana ΠΈ. Munguva yekudzima kwemagetsi, idzi mbiri dzekushandura mhinduro dzinochengetedza zvakavimbika michina yekurapa. Sarudzo yakaitwa ichifarira rudzi urwu rweUPS nekuti:
- Modulon NH-Plus uye Ultron DPS zvikamu zvinounza indasitiri-inotungamira AC-AC kutendeuka kushanda zvakanaka;
- kuva nesimba guru chinhu (> 0,99);
- inoratidzirwa nekuderera kweharmonic kukanganisa pane yekuisa (iTHD <3%);
- kupa kudzoka kwakakwirira pakudyara (ROI);
- zvinoda mari shoma yekushandisa.
Iyo modularity yeUPS inopa mukana wekufananidzwa redundancy uye nekukurumidza kutsiva kwemidziyo yakundikana. Kukundikana kweSistimu nekuda kwekutadza kwemagetsi kunobviswa.
Zvadaro, midziyo yeDelta yakaiswa mumakiriniki ekuongorora uye kubvunzurudza nzvimbo paScientific Center yevana Zvirwere zveRussia Academy of Medical Sayenzi.
Source: www.habr.com