Import substitution mukuita. Chikamu 2. Kutanga. Hypervisor

Mune yapfuura chinyorwa sarudzo dzakatariswa kuti ndezvipi masisitimu aripo angatsiviwa nawo sechikamu chekushandiswa kwehurongwa hwekutsiva. Nyaya dzinotevera dzichanangana nekusarudza zvigadzirwa zvinotsiva izvo zviri kushandiswa iye zvino. Ngatitangei nenzvimbo yekutanga - iyo virtualization system.

1. Marwadzo ekusarudza

Saka, chii chaungasarudza kubva? IN rejista yeBazi reTelecom uye Mass Communications pane sarudzo:

• Server virtualization system "R-Vitualization» (libvirt, KVM, QEMU)
• Software package "Brest virtualization zvishandiso» (libvirt, KVM, QEMU)
• Platform yekutonga uye yekutarisa iyo virtualization nharaunda "Sharx Stream" (yefu mhinduro isina kukodzera kumahofisi ehurumende mu95% yezviitiko (kuvanzika, nezvimwewo)
• Software package ye virtualization yemaseva, desktops uye maapplication "HOST"(KVM x86)
• Sisitimu yekuchengetedzeka manejimendi eiyo virtualization nharaunda "Z|virt"(aka oVirt+KVM)
• Virtualization environment management system "ROSA Virtualization"(aka oVirt+KVM)
• Hypervisor QP VMM (zvakanyanya kufanana neOracle Virtual Bhokisi kuti ive chero chimwe chinhu)

Iwe unogona zvakare kufunga nezve hypervisors inosanganisirwa mukugovera OS kana iri mune yavo repository. Semuenzaniso, Astra Linux ine KVM rutsigiro. Uye sezvo inosanganisirwa muOS repositories, inogona kunzi "iri pamutemo" yekuisa uye kushandiswa. "Chii chinogona kushandiswa sechikamu chekutsiva kunze kwenyika uye izvo zvisingakwanisi" yakakurukurwa mune yapfuura chinyorwa, saka handisi kuzoramba ndiri panyaya iyi.

Chokwadi, pano rondedzero yeAstra Linux virtualization zvishandiso:

• Virtualbox
• Virt-maneja (KVM) Gondo razvino
• libvirt pamusoro peKVM

ROSA Linux haina rondedzero yakadaro, asi unogona kuiwana pawiki mapakeji anotevera:

• ROSA Virtualization pamusoro peOVirt pamusoro peKVM
• QEMU pamusoro peKVM
• oVirt 3.5 pamusoro peKVM

Calculator ine izvi QEMU pamusoro peKVM

Alt Linux ine zvakafanana KVM

1.2. Pane imwe ASI

Pakunyatsoongorora, tinogumisa kuti tichafanirwa kubata neashoma anozivikanwa hypervisors, anoti:

1. KVM
2. Virtualbox
3. QEMU

QEMU ndeye yemahara uye yakavhurika sosi chirongwa chekutevedzera Hardware emapuratifomu akasiyana, anogona kushanda pasina kushandisa KVM, asi kushandisa hardware virtualization inomhanyisa zvakanyanya kuita kwevaenzi masisitimu, saka kushandisa KVM muQEMU (-enable-kvm) ndiyo inosarudzwa sarudzo. (c) Ndiko kuti, QEMU imhando ye2 hypervisor, iyo isingagamuchirwi munzvimbo yechigadzirwa. NeKVM inogona kushandiswa, asi mune iyi nyaya QEMU ichashandiswa seKVM manejimendi chishandiso...

Kushandisa yepakutanga Virtualbox mune zvekutengeserana ndizvo chaizvo kutyora rezinesi: “Kutanga neshanduro yechina, yakaburitswa muna Zvita 4, chikamu chikuru chechigadzirwa chinogoverwa mahara pasi perezinesi reGPL v2010. Imwe pasuru yakaiswa pamusoro payo, inopa rutsigiro rwe USB 2 uye 2.0 zvishandiso, Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), drive encryption, booting kubva kuNVMe nePXE, inogoverwa pasi peiyo yakakosha PUEL rezinesi ("yekushandisa wega uye kuongorora") , pasi peiyo system yemahara yekushandisa wega, yezvinangwa zvekudzidzisa, kana kuongororwa usati wafunga kutenga iyo yekutengesa vhezheni." (c) Plus VirtualBox iri zvakare mhando 3.0 hypervisor, saka zvakare inonyangarika.

Zvose: muchimiro chawo chakachena tine chete KVM.

2. Zvimwe: KVM kana KVM?

Kana iwe uchiri kuda kushandura kune "yemumba" hypervisor, sarudzo yako, kutaura pachena, idiki. Zvichava KVM mune imwe kuputira kana imwe, ine mamwe magadzirirwo, asi icharamba iri KVM. Kuti izvi zvakanaka here kana zvakaipa mumwe mubvunzo; hapachina imwe nzira.

Kana mamiriro acho asina kuomesesa, saka, sezvakakurukurwa mune yapfuura chinyorwa: “Tinofanira kuunza zviratidzo kumiganhu yakatarwa. Muchokwadi, izvi zvinoreva kuti isu tinofanira kutsiva iyo iripo OS nezvigadzirwa kubva kuMinistry of Telecom uye Mass Communications registry uye kuwedzera huwandu hweakatsiviwa masisitimu ekushandisa kusvika ku80% .... Saka, tinogona kusiya zvakachengeteka sumbu paHyper-V. , sezvo tiinacho uye tichichida... "(c) Saka takatarisana nesarudzo: Microsoft Hyper-v kana KVM. KVM pamwe nezvinodzora “zvakarukwa” kwazviri, asi zvicharamba zvakadaro KVM.

Zvigadzirwa izvi zviri kure nekuenzaniswa kamwe, kwete kaviri, kwete katatu...Zvakanaka, unonzwisisa...

Nezve kutumirwa uye kugadzirisa KVM zvakanga zvisina kunyorwa nenzira imwe cheteyo kamwe, kwete kaviri, kwete katatu uye kwete kana... Neshoko rimwe chete, dzakapera.

Zvimwe chetezvo Microsoft Hyper V..

Ini handioni chikonzero chekuzvidzokorora uye kutsanangura masisitimu aya, kuenzanisa, nezvimwe. Iwe unogona, hongu, kuburitsa mapoinzi akakosha kubva muzvinyorwa, asi izvi zvingave kusaremekedza vanyori, ndinofunga. Ani nani anofanirwa kusarudza haazoverenge izvi chete, asiwo gomo reruzivo rwekuita pfungwa dzake.

Musiyano chete wandinoda kutarisa pauri kufailover clustering. Kana Microsoft ine iyi yakavakirwa muOS uye hypervisor mashandiro, saka mune yeKVM uchafanirwa kushandisa yechitatu-bato software, iyo inofanirwa kuverengerwa muOS repositori. Musanganiswa wakafanana weCorosync + Pacemaker, semuenzaniso. (Zvinenge zvese zvekushandisa zvepamba zvine kusanganiswa uku ... pamwe ese, asi handina kutarisa 100% yavo.) Manuals ekugadzirisa masumbu anowanikwawo muhuwandu.

3. Mhedziso

Zvakanaka, semazuva ese, maKulibins edu haana kunetseka, vakatora zvavaive nazvo, vakawedzera zvishoma zvavo, uye vakagadzira "chigadzirwa" icho, maererano nemagwaro, ndechemba, asi chokwadi chiri OpenSource. Zvine musoro here kushandisa mari kubva mubhajeti pane "yakaparadzana" virtualization masisitimu (verenga: isina kuisirwa muOS)? Usafunga. Sezvo iwe uchiri kugamuchira iyo imwe KVM, iwe unozongofanira kuibhadhara.

Nekudaro, kusarudza kutsiva kwe hypervisor kunouya pasi kune iyo server OS yauri kutengera iyo Enterprise uye kushanda. Kana, sezvandiri ini, iwe uchagara nezvauinazvo kare (Hyper-VESXi insert_needed).

Source: www.habr.com