Tinoenderera mberi nenhevedzano yedu yezvinyorwa zvine chekuita nekutsiva kunze kwenyika. Mabhuku apfuura akakurukura , uye zvakananga .
Ikozvino inguva yekutaura nezve "yemumba" masisitimu anoshanda akabatanidzwa mukati Mazuvano.
0. Pokutangira
Ndakazvibata ndichifunga kuti handizive nemaparamita ekufananidza kugoverwa kweLINUX. Akakwira mukati , hazvina kunyatsojeka. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa kufunga? Chii chaunofanira kutora sechinhu chekutanga? Kana ndirini, chiyero chakakosha cheserver OS kugadzikana. Asi mukati megadziriro yekuedzwa, izwi rekuti "kugadzikana" rinonzwika kunge risinganzwisisike. Zvakanaka, ini ndichachera mukati megadziriro yakashandiswa kwevhiki ... Asi vhiki haisi chiratidzo munyika umo makore mashomanana ekupedzisira haasi kunyange avhareji kukosha. Stress Testing? Nzira yekuisa sei iyo system pachigadziko? Uyezve, ndiyo OS inoda kutakurwa, uye kwete kushandiswa, uye kutakurwa kuitira kuti iparadze ... Uye kana pasina imwe yadzo inoparara, sei kuenzanisa?..
Asi ndakazofunga kuti kugadzikana kunogona kuvandudzwa kubva kune yekugovera kit inova baba ve "mumba" OS. Kune Astra, semuenzaniso, iyi iDebian, yeROSA - Red Hat, yeKareta - Gentoo, nezvimwe. Uye chete yeAlt yakarukwa kubva kuMandriva kare kare zvekuti inogona kunzi yakazvimiririra kugovera (maererano nemamwe ese e "mumba" OS). Asi ndokumbirawo muyeuke kuti izvi zvese zvine zvirevo zvakanyanya, nekuti hazvizivikanwe kuti mafinalizer akaiswa mumakodhi ezvinyorwa, uye chii chakashandurwa sechikamu chekuwedzera kuchengetedzeka kweOS.
Chimwe chinotariswa zvakanyanya kuumbwa kweiyo OS yekugovera mapakeji uye mapakeji mune yayo repository. Asi munyaya iyi tinofanira kuenderera mberi kubva pane zvinodiwa. Ndine mabasa angu anofanirwa kugadziriswa, iwe une yako, uye nzira yekusarudza software inofanirwa kunge iri iyi: "Basa nderekusarudza software," uye kwete zvinopesana, sezvazvinowanzoitika mune zvisina purofiti. .
Saka, heano masevhisi anoda kuiswa kana "kufamba":
- Mail server
- Zabbix
- DBMS
- web server
- Jabber server
- Backup
- Office suite
- SUFD uye Bank vatengi
- Mail client
- Bhurawuza
AD, DNS, DHCP, CertService ramba uri paWindows maseva (tsanangudzo nezve izvi dzakapihwa mukati ) Asi mukururama, ndinoona kuti Directory Service inogona kusimudzwa pane imwechete SAMBA kana FreeIPA, uye kumwe kugovera kunoti "yavo" dhairekitori masevhisi (Astra Linux Directory, ALT, ROSA Directory, Lotos Directory). DNS uye DHCP inoshandawo pane chero Linux kugovera, asi havasi vese vanoda certification server.
Mail server. Ndinofarira zimbra. Ndakashanda nayo, iri nyore, inogona kutora data kubva kuExchange, inogona kuita zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda. Asi inogona kuiswa chete paROSA Linux. Unogona kuiisa pane mamwe maOS, asi haizonzi ndeye pamutemo. Kune rimwe divi, imwe neimwe ye "yemumba" inoshanda masisitimu ine seti yayo yemasevha etsamba; Ndakamhanyira muZimbra.
Zabbix. Haana vakwikwidzi. Zvakatonyanya kudaro mukati megadziriro yekuchinjanisa kunze kwenyika. Zabbix inosanganisirwa muAlt Linux, RED OS, Astra uye ROSA. Yakanyorwa kuti "isina kugadzikana".
DBMS. PostgreSQL tsigira ese "yemumba" OS.
web server. Apache inowanikwa mumasevha ese anoshanda masisitimu.
Jabber server. Kazhinji, zvakarongwa kusuma Bitrix24, asi ini ndakajaira kuti zvinhu zvose zvinoitika kwenguva yakareba kwazvo, uye naizvozvo ndiri kufunga nezvechisarudzo chekukurukurirana kwekambani kunobva pane jabber. Ndajaira Openfire. Ari mukati . Kune zvakare ejabberd sechikamu cheROSA, Alt, RED OS uye Astra.
Backup. pane bacula, inosanganisirwa muAstra, Rosa, Alt, Calculate, AlterOS.
Office suite. Free office suite Libre Hofisi iripo mune ese mutengi (uye kazhinji sevha) "yemumba" masisitimu anoshanda.
Mail client. Thunderbird iripo mune ese mutengi (uye kazhinji sevha) "yemumba" masisitimu anoshanda.
Bhurawuza. Zvishoma Mozilla Firefox inowanikwa pane ese maOS. Yandex browser Iwe unogona zvakare kuiisa pane ese OS.
Π‘ SUFD uye Bank vatengi zvese zvakati kuoma. Zviri pamutemo, zvese izvi zvinogona kushanda paanenge ese "mumba" masisitimu anoshanda. Mukuita, zvakaoma kuyedza izvi, nekuti iwe unofanirwa kutora mushandisi, uuye naye kumushini uchiedzwa uye uti "edza." Izvi zvakazara. Saka kekutanga ini ndichasiya chirongwa chekare - muchina chaiwo wemutengi weBhangi wega wega ane Windows uye chiratidzo chinotumirwa mairi. Neraki, Linux inoziva nzira yekuendesa tokeni nenzira kwayo. Uye zvichaonekwa ipapo.
Tevere, ngatienderere mberi nekusarudza Operating Systems inoenderana nezvido zvedu. Asi nekuda kwekutarisa, ndakaedza kuvhara akawanda masisitimu ekushanda sezvinobvira kubva kubazi rezvekufambiswa kwemashoko neregisheni yeMass Media.
1. Zvekusarudza kubva
Rondedzero iri murejista yeBazi reTelecom neMass Communications yakawandisa, asi zvichitevera musangano wekanzuru yenyanzvi pasoftware yeRussia pasi peBazi reTelecom uye Mass Communications yeRussia, zvakasarudzwa. Β«Ulyanovsk.BSDΒ«,Β«RED OS"Uye"Axis".
Masisitimu andakaona akakodzera "kubata":
- AstraLinux
- Alto
- Verenga Linux
- PINK Linux
- RED OS
- AlterOS
- WTware
Masisitimu anomutsa mibvunzo yakawanda kupfuura yavanopindura (yangu):
- Ulyanovsk.BSD
- Axis
- QP OS
- Alpha OS
- OS LOTUS
- HaloOS
Pakutanga ndaida kupa zvidzitiro, tsananguro, maficha ega ega OS ... Asi izvi zvese zvaive zvatovepo. Kune boka rezviratidziro pamawebhusaiti evagadziri, tsananguro dziripo uye mumazana ezvinyorwa pamusoro penyaya iyi paRuNet, tsananguro dzemikana dzinogona kuwanikwawo pamawebhusaiti epamutemo... Asi kana ukasapa chero β dzidziraβ, ipapo zvese zvichauya zvakare kune dzidziso, sezvazvaive muzvinyorwa zviviri zvekutanga. Vhidhiyo? pane zvakare ... Pachava nechidimbu ndiro, hongu, asi iyo haisi tsika ...
Saka pakupedzisira ndakafunga kungonyora maonero angu uye pfungwa nezve distro yega yega ndichiyedza. Zvakanaka, zvishoma zvinobatsira, uye zvisingabatsiri, ruzivo.
1.1. Astra Linux
Shanduro dzazvino:
Astra Linux Common Edition - 2.12
Astra Linux Special Edition - 1.6
Kugovera kwevabereki iDebian.
Kuumbwa kwesoftware mapakeji kunogona kutariswa . (Inconspicuous "Details" bhatani pasi pemifananidzo yesoftware ine brand muchikamu che "COMPOSITION OF OPERATING SYSTEM".)
Zvinotora nguva yakareba kwazvo kuisa. Zvakatora inenge awa nehafu kutumira OS pamushini chaiwo ... Ndiko kuti, kana pane chido chekuisa pa 1500 PCs munharaunda, zvinotora nguva yakawanda.
Uyu ndiye Debian. Iyi inhaka Debian. Astra ine kunyange ekare mapakeji kupfuura mubereki wayo, zvese mukuvaka uye mune repository. Kana paine chinodiwa chekukurumidzira, zvinogoneka kubatanidza iyo Debian repository, zvisinei, izvi zvinongodzima chero kupinza kutsiva (munyaya iyi, unogona kuvandudza sisitimu kubva kuDebian apt update && apt upgrade repository, uye icharamba ichishanda. ... zvisinei, handina chokwadi kuti rudzi rwechikara chatakapedzisira nacho, ndakamupfura kunze kwetsitsi chete..).
Desktop "Fly". Muchidimbu, GUI haina kudikanwa kune sevha zvachose, kunyangwe ichirerutsa zvimwe zviito. Asi kune mushandisi OS hapana kwese pasina iyo. Pakazara, inosiya fungidziro inofadza, ichiri padyo nepaunogona napo kuWindows, izvo zvinorerutsa shanduko kune iyi OS yevashandisi. Kazhinji, pane zvakawanda zve "-Fly" muhurongwa, uye izvi zvose ndiko kuvandudzwa kweJSC NPO RusBITech. Hotkeys anowanzo shanda zvakafanana sezvavanoita paWindows. Win + E inovhura Explorer, Win inovhura menyu yebasa, nezvimwe. Muzhinji, sezviri pachena, vagadziri vakaedza kuunza chitarisiko padyo sezvinobvira kuWindows.
Iyo OS inojoinha AD, inobvumidza iwe kugadzirisa mvumo, nezvimwe. Panguva yekuyedzwa, yakaratidza kuve yakagadzikana (sekugona kutongwa panguva yekuedzwa kushanda), kwete capricious uye iri nyore uye inonakidza Debian OS.
Kana uchida, iwe unogona kuisa mapakeji kubva kunze kweiyo repository. Ndakaiedza ndichishandisa OpenFire semuenzaniso. Iwe unorodha pasuru yeDebian, uye zvese zvinoiswa nyore.
Kugadzirisa matambudziko angu, inogona kushandiswa sepuratifomu yekuisa Zabbix, Jabber server, PosgreSQL, Apache. Setsika OS, inogutsa zvese zvinodiwa (Nice interface, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox). Ini handina kuyedza iyo SUFD neBank Client.
Iyo Special Edition inosiyana neiyo Yakajairwa Edition mune iyo Yakakosha inokodzera kushanda nezvakavanzika zvehurumende uye mamwe magwaro akavanzika, inotenderwa izvi. Yakajairika ndeye "yakajairika" OS, inogona kushandiswa uko chitupa chisingadiwe, uye hapana chikonzero chekushanda chakavanzika.
Mutengo werezinesi re1 Special Edition: RUB 14
Mutengo we1 Common Edition rezinesi: RUB 3
1.2. Alto
Kugovera kwevabereki - Alt Linux (muna 2000, MandrakeLinux yakatorwa sehwaro)
Chinhu chekutanga chakandishamisa ndechekuti installer. Ndisati ndanyora chinyorwa ichi, ndakanga ndisina ruzivo nehurongwa uhu, uye ndakafadzwa zvikuru nemuisi.
Ini ndaifarira sevha OS; Ini ndinogona kuendesa zvese zvandinoda pairi, kunze kweZimbra sechikamu chekutumira panzvimbo, hongu. Iwe unogona zvakare kuendesa domain controller (pane yako yekumisikidza yakavakirwa paOpenLDAP uye MIT Kerberos).
Pa server pane KDE desktop. Iko kunenge kusina shanduko mairi maererano nepakutanga. Dambudziko nderekuti KDE haisati yamboita chero shanduko pane mushandisi OS chero, zvinoreva kuti vashandisi vachachema netsika.
Kubatsira kukuru kweiyo system ndeyekuti yakagadziridzwa muRussia kweanoda kusvika makore makumi maviri. Iyo ine yakakura seti yesoftware mune repository uye yakakura ruzivo hwaro.
Ndinoda kuziva kuti Basalt SPO varume vakanaka. Vakaita chimwe chinhu chavo pachavo apo yakanga isati yava rwizi rukuru, uye vanoramba vachidaro. Uye vanozviita zvakanaka.
Mutengo we1 server rezinesi: RUB 10
Client OS: RUB 4
1.3. Verenga Linux
Kugovera kwevabereki - Gentoo
Unogona kuona mapakeji .
Kune editions ane akasiyana GUI mashandisirwo, pane zvakawanda zvekusarudza kubva kuti zvive nyore vashandisi. Iyo KDE edition, semuenzaniso, iri padyo neWindows.
Nekuda kwekuti kubuda kunoshandiswa kuisa mapakeji, kumisikidza nzvimbo yekushandira inotora nguva yakawanda kana yaitwa nemaoko. Zvinonzwisisika zvingave zvakakosha pano, asi zvakakodzera kufunga nezvese zvingasarudzwa.
Iyo sisitimu inogona kugadzirisa otomatiki uye inogona kushanda muAD domain.
Mukana wakakura weOS, mumaonero angu, ndeye Calculate Console, chinhu chiri nyore uye chinobatsira.
Calculator haina rutsigiro.
Kazhinji, sisitimu yacho yakakodzera kutariswa; inogona kutsigira anenge ese masevhisi andinoda: Zabbix (inopokana, inoda kuongororwa munzvimbo yekugadzira), jabber server, PosgreSQL, Apache. Setsika OS, inogutsa zvese zvinodiwa (Nice interface, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox). Ini handina kuyedza iyo SUFD neBank Client.
Mutengo per rezinesi: free
1.4. ROSA Linux
Shanduro dzazvino:
ROSA Enterprise Linux Server - 6.9
ROSA Enterprise Desktop - 11
Kugovera kwevabereki - Mandriva
Mushandisi OS haatangi paHyper-V. Kunyange iyo installer haigoni kutanga. "Basa rekutanga ririkumhanya kusvika bhutsu yapera .." Ndaifanira kuiisa paPC.
Iyo KDE desktop mukuitwa kweROSA iri padyo neWindows, yakanakira mushandisi OS. Kune zvakare sarudzo neGNOME, LXQt, Xfce, pane zvakawanda zvekusarudza kubva. Dambudziko chete nderekuti vhezheni yeLibreOffice yakareruka.
Iyo software yakagadzirwa inogona kuwanikwa mukati
Iyo server OS yakaratidza kuve yakagadzikana. Iyi sisitimu inogona kushandiswa kuita masevhisi ese anondifarira, kusanganisira Zimbra.
Anoziva kushanda neAD uye anogona kupinda kuburikidza nayo. Inogonawo kuita sevhavha yemvumo. Kusanganisira iko iko iko kuita kwayo kweiyo domain controller - RDS, yakagadzirwa pahwaro hwemaharaIPA.
Mutengo we1 server rezinesi: RUB 10
Client OS: RUB 3
1.5. RED OS
Zvakafanana nezviri munyaya yeAstra - kuiswa kwenguva refu. Awa nehafu +-
Kugovera kwevabereki - Red Hat
Iyo yakakosha seti yemapakeji inogona kutariswa . . .
Iyo desktop ndeye KDE. Nekuchinja kushoma kubva kune yekutanga. Iwo mapikicha haana kufinha uye zvidhori zvitsvuku.
Iyo Linux kernel vhezheni ndeimwe yeazvino "mumba" masisitimu anoshanda pamusika.
Inonamatira kuAD, mvumo inogona kugadzirwa.
Kudzokera kune chokwadi chekuti GUI haina kukosha kune server, RED HAT iRED HAT. Iyo yakagadzikana, yakanyorwa, uye kune zvakawanda zvinyorwa zvekugadzirisa chero chinhu.
Ndinogona kutaura nechivimbo kuti hurongwa hauna kuipa. Kugadzirisa matambudziko angu, inogona kushandiswa sepuratifomu yekuisa Zabbix, Jabber server, PosgreSQL, Apache. Iko hakuna Bacula pairi. Semushandisi OS, inonyanya kugutsa zvinodiwa (LibreOffice yasakara, Thunderbird uye Firefox iripo). Ini handina kuyedza iyo SUFD uye Bank Client.
Mutengo we1 server rezinesi: RUB 13
Client OS: RUB 5
1.6. AlterOS
Shanduro dzazvino:
Sevha - 7.5
Desktop - 1.6
Kugovera kwevabereki - openSUSE
Munguva yese yekuisa, pamwe nekushandisa OS, ndaive nekunzwa kwakasimba kuti ndanga ndichishanda neCentOS, uye kwete ne openSUSE.
Kuvimbiswa kwemushandisi kunotora masekonzi makumi maviri, izvo zvinokonzeresa kushamisika.
Pamushini chaiwo muHyper-V mamiriro ezvinhu, mutsara we mouse wakashanduka kuva usingaoneki ... Yakashanda, yakasimbisa mabhatani, yakadzvanya pavari, asi ini handina kuiona. Kutangazve hakuna kubatsira, ini handisati ndaona chitubu.
Zvaisaita kuti ndiwane rondedzero ine kuumbwa kwemasoftware mapakeji, saka ndaifanira kudongorera mumarepositori nemaoko. Hatina kukwanisa kuchera zvese zvataida, asi zvakazara takawana zvinhu zvakawanda.
Iyo KDE desktop ine hotkey rutsigiro iri nyore. Iyo dhizaini yakanaka, padyo neWindows, iyo yakanaka kune vashandisi vekupedzisira. Kazhinji, iyo GUI yakandifadza, kana isiri yebug (kana chimiro) ine isingaoneki cursor.
Anoziva kushanda neAD uye anogona kupinda kuburikidza nayo. Inogonawo kuita sevhavha yemvumo.
Ini ndakanga ndisina matambudziko neAlterOS, kunze kwechitubu, saka sisitimu inoshanda chaizvo.
Kugadzirisa matambudziko angu, inogona kushandiswa sepuratifomu yekuendesa PosgreSQL, Apache. Setsika OS, inogutsa zvese zvinodiwa (Nice interface, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox). Ini handina kuyedza iyo SUFD neBank Client.
muchimiro chemifananidzo uye zvinyorwa.
Mutengo we1 rezinesi: RUB 11
1.7. WTware
WTware haigone kunzi OS mune yakajairwa pfungwa yeizwi. Iyi sisitimu yekuwedzera kune server OS, ichiishandura kuita RDP yekubatanidza vatengi vatete, iri pasuru inobvumira vatengi vatete kubhutsu pamusoro petiweki. Inotsigira Windows Server kubva 2000 kusvika 2016, Hyper-V VDI, Windows remote control, xrdp paLinux, Mac Terminal Server.
Iine sevha yeTFTP yakagadzirirwa kugonesa vatengi kudhawunirodha pamusoro penetiweki, sevha yeHTTP inoshanda pamwe neTFTP, uye sevha yeDHCP yekuburitsa IP kero kune vatengi. Inogona zvakare kubhuya michina yemutengi kubva kuhdd, CD-ROM kana flash drive.
Software yakanaka .
mari imwe neimwe marezinesi:
1 - 9 marezinesi: 1000 rubles
10 - 19 marezinesi: 600 rubles
20 - 49 marezinesi: 500 rubles
50 - 99 marezinesi: 400 rubles
100 kana kupfuura marezinesi: 350 rubles
1.8. Ulyanovsk.BSD
Shanduro dzazvino:
Ulyanovsk.BSD 12.0 KUSUNUNGURA P3
Kugovera kwevabereki - FreeBSD
Sezvakanyorwa pamusoro, Ulyanovsk.BSD ine mukana wese wekubviswa kubva murejista yeTelecom uye Mass Communications, sezvo yakavakirwa paFreeBSD, isingaite yakasiyana neyekutanga, uye inoshandisa repository yayo, iyo, mukati mehurongwa. yekutsiva kunze kwenyika, inokonzeresa nyonganiso inotyisa maererano neiyo inogona kunzi ndeye pamutemo software.
Ulyanovsk.BSD "yakagadzirwa" nemunhu mumwe chete. Chimwe chinhu chinondiudza kuti zvishoma zvachinja mukati zvine chekuita nekugoverwa kwemubereki FreeBSD. Mune izwi, ini handisi kuzozvifunga, kunyangwe ini ndichapa imwe data muchidimbu tafura, kungoita kuti ijeke.
Uyezve, kugoverwa kwakadhawunirwa hakuna kutanga paHyper-V kungave mukati Windows 10 kana munzvimbo ye2012R2 cluster. Iyo hypervisor haina kuona pekutangira. Ndakafunga kuti handichada panguva iyi...
Ini handisi kuona pfungwa yekunyora chero chimwe chinhu, kune akawanda wongororo paFreeBSD, saka ngatifambire mberi uye tisanonoka.
Mutengo we1 rezinesimutengo: 500 rub.
1.9. Axis
Shanduro yemazuva ano: - 2.1
Kugovera kwevabereki - CentOS
Kubva pakunyorwa kwechinyorwa chakapfuura, mamiriro neiyo OS webhusaiti haana kuchinja; iyo yekurodha link haisati yashanda. Komuredhi Ini ndakawedzera chinongedzo kune ekugovera kits mumashoko, ndatenda kuMurume. Asi iyo chokwadi chekuti vagadziri vacho havasati vapindura chikumbiro changu, pane matambudziko nesaiti uye kuisirwa kweOS murejista yeBazi reTelecom neMass Communications yakadanwa mubvunzo, haiburitse iyo yakanyanya kunaka. pfungwa pamusoro pezvinotarisirwa. Zvirinani, ndave kutanga kusendamira kune iyo pfungwa yekuti hapasisina chikonzero chekumirira OS updates, uye kana zviri izvo, fungai system yakafa.
Pfungwa yekurega kutsigirwa inotsigirwawo nenyaya yekuti yum update command inodzoka "Hapana mapakeji akamisikidzwa kuti agadziriswe", ndiko kuti, kubva kuburitswa kwekupedzisira 2018.11.23, yatova mwedzi mitanhatu, hapana chakachinja mune repository. .
OS OS chiyero chebasa, hapana chinopfuura chenguva dzose.
Iko kuisirwa kunokurumidza (maererano nezvimwe zvese zvinogoverwa). Iyo repository ishoma, iyo Linux kernel vhezheni yasakara - 3.10.0, uye software mapakeji zvakare ekare.
Ini chaizvo ndaisada iyo GUI. Haisi chete iyo menyu yebasa inogadzirwa zvinoshamisa (mapoka kurudyi, mabhatani kuruboshwe), asi zvakare haina ruzivo. Izvo chaizvo nekuda kweiyo maGUI ayo vashandisi vakajairwa vanovenga Linux mune zvese zvinoratidzira ...
Chinhu chimwe chete chandaifarira uye ndakanamira pairi yaive yakavakirwa-mukati mutambo 2048... Ndakaita ingangoita maminetsi gumi nemashanu ndichiutamba kusvika ndazopengenuka...
Rezinesi mutengo: free
1.10. QP OS
"QP OS haisi clone yeimwe nzira yekushanda uye yakagadzirwa kubva pakutanga ..." (c) Cryptosoft inopa iyi "yakasiyana" sekuwedzera kwehurongwa hwayo, asi chaizvoizvo, kubva pane izvi tinogona kugumisa kuti hapana tsikidzi dzakaonekwa "Kune matani ezvimiro mairi, uye chete vanogadzira vanogona kuzvitungamira, izvo zvinoderedza zvakanyanya mutengo wayo mumaziso evatariri vehurongwa.
Chinyorwa chakapfuura chakakonzera kuita kubva kuCryptosoft kambani. Mumiriri wavo akanyoresa paHabrΓ© chete kuti ataure "fi" yake. Mhinduro yaive yakadai:
Izvo zvakandiudza zvakawanda nezve madhizaini emugadziri. Mushure mechirevo ichi chepamutemo, ndakazvisarudzira kuti handingauye mukati mekiromita yezvigadzirwa zvavo. Kana mugadziri akataura kuti "kupatsanurwa kwe hypervisors mumhando chinhu chine hukama," saka haanzwisise zvaari kutaura nezvazvo. Asi, ndakasarudza kuva nechinangwa uye ndakakumbira kugovera bvunzo. Handina kuwana mhinduro. C.T.D.
Muchokwadi, Cryptosoft yakanaka. Vakanyatsoita chimwe chinhu chitsva, chimwe chinhu chavo, uye maonero angu kwavari akavakirwa pakufunga kwavo kusinganzwisisike (uye chirevo chemunhu akanyora mhinduro pachinyorwa chakapfuura). Asi zvakakoshawo kuziva kuti ivo vane nzira inoshamisa yekuvandudza interface. Semuenzaniso, yavo hypervisor interface ndeye 99.99% yakakopwa kubva kuVirtualBox (kusanganisira iyo "dhizaini" yemabhatani ..), iyo QP DB Manager Tool interface inobva kuVeeam, nezvimwe.
Mutengo:
Chimwe chikonzero nei ndisingade kubatanidzwa neQP kushomeka kweOS yekutengesa mahara.
1.11. Alpha OS
Sezviri pachena, hapana OS yakadaro. Ndichatsanangura chikonzero. Haigoni kutengwa. Haikwanise kutorwa pasi (kunyangwe pamasaiti akavharwa, kana iwe uchiziva zvandiri kureva). Inongova netsanangudzo, boka rakavharwa paVK, vhidhiyo imwe paYouTube chiteshi uye webhusaiti ine tsananguro (anoverengeka skrini uye vhidhiyo). Zvose. Haina kuvandudzwa kwegore rose. Uye hapana akapindura tsamba yangu nechikumbiro chekutenga.
Zvinoenderana nerondedzero, iyi ingangove yakazodzwa-Mwari gluing yeMacOS neWindows. Iko kune yakasarudzika mutengi vhezheni; hapana server vhezheni. Yakanaka, uye iyo Wallpaper hainakidzi ... Kunyangwe kuzvisimudzira kwavo kunonakidza. Nharo dzinotsigira Alpha OS dzinonzwika seizvi: "Kana paine nzvimbo mutafura yevashandi kune nyanzvi mune multimedia kana zvekushambadzira zvinhu, iwe uchafanirwa kuburitsa imwe 21 rubles pagore kune yega yega application inozodiwa pabasa rake rehunyanzvi:
- raster graphics kugadzirisa: Adobe Photoshop Creative Cloud ~ RUB 21. mugore"(c) Uye zvakare ngano yekuti Alpha ine yemahara GIMP ... Uye kwete izwi nezve chokwadi chekuti inowanikwawo kuWindows ...
Mutengo:
MaOS haawanikwe kutengeswa kunyangwe pakukumbirwa zvakananga kubva kumugadziri.
1.12. OS LOTUS
Β«Iko hakuna kuyedzwa kugoverwa kweLotus OS mune zvakasikwa.Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zveizvi.
Iwe unogona kutenga rezinesi rimwechete mune yakapfava, semuenzaniso, kana kubva kune vanobatana nekambani.
Kuedza (kureva kuedza maererano nezvinodiwa zveGOST34 mhuri), saizvozvowo, Lotus OS yave ichienderera mberi kwemakore 4 ikozvino, mune zviremera zvakasiyana zvine unyanzvi hwepamusoro.
Nekuda kwekuyedzwa kwakadaro, Lotus OS inosanganisirwa mumasisitimu ekuchengetedza ruzivo akadai seSecretNet (Security Code), DallasLock (Confident), masisitimu ekuchengetedza ruzivo akadai seVipNet (Infotex), CryptoPro (CRYPTO-PRO), antiviruses seKaspersky anti-virus. .
Kana iwe uchivhiringidzika nezvekuenderana nesoftware yako iripo kana Hardware,
Isu, tichifunga nezvekufarira kwako, tichabatana mukugadzirisa dambudziko rako. Kuongororwa nekuda kwekuedza hakufadze."(c) (chaiyo quote)
Sezvo mugadziri aisada kupa bvunzo kugovera, haafarire kuita chigadzirwa chake. Kunyange Windows ine nguva yekuedza ... Saka ruzivo ruchave ruchingotaura chete, rwakatorwa kubva pane zvinyorwa uye ruongororwa.
Zvinhu zvinonakidza:
Β«Yako dhairekitori sevhisi Lotos Directory..."(Ne)
Zvakanaka, hazviite kuti ave wake. Pasi pehodhi pane samba imwechete, kana FreeIPA, kana chimwe chinhu ... Izvi hazvisi muzvinyorwa.
Β«Lotus OS inopa kugona kushandisa marongero eboka kubva kune manejimendi's graphical interface."(Ne)
Tichitarisa nevhidhiyo inoratidzwa pawebhusaiti yemugadziri, hongu, zvinogoneka. Asi iyo seti yemabasa idiki uye inogumira zvekuti inosiya chete zvakawanda zvinodikanwa. Hongu, zviri nani pane chinhu, asi ... handizivi. Handina kugutsikana. Nokuti inoratidzika sekutumira mirairo kune imwechete selinux uye firewall ... Zvechokwadi, ini ndakanganisa, asi izvi hazvichinje kukosha kwechinhu chacho.
"Iyo manejimendi console yeLotus inoshanda sisitimu inoparadzanisa iyo inoshanda sisitimu yekumisikidza mafaera kubva kune maneja, ichimupa yakajeka graphical interface yekuchinja masisitimu ma paramita."(Ne)
Zvinorevei kuti mafaira ekugadzirisa akavanzwa kunyange kubva kumutungamiriri ... Zvakanaka, Linux admins inogona sei, iyo inoshandiswa kuva nemaziso matsvuku, kushanda neizvi? Kune maWindows admins, iyi inzira yakajairika zvishoma, iyo ichaita kuti kudzidzira zvakare kuve nyore ... Asi zvinonyanya kuomesa hupenyu hweLinux admins ... interface pamusoro, uye kwete zvese izvi ...
Izvo zvakare zvaisakwanisika kuwana kuumbwa kwemapakeji mune repository. Saka mubvunzo wezvatinogona kuwana sechikamu cheOS unoramba usina kupindurwa.
Mutengo we1 server rezinesi: RUB 15
Client OS: RUB 3
1.13. HaloOS
Hatina kuwana chero ruzivo pane iyi OS. Ingori murejista yeBazi reTelecom uye Mass Communications, ndizvo zvese. Pane chinongedzo kune chigadzirwa chinotungamira kune webhusaiti webhusaiti, asi hapana ruzivo.
Nezvemitengo. Maonero angu pachangu, ayo andisingaremekedzi kune chero munhu uye asingakumbire kutorwa sechokwadi, ndeaya anotevera:
Kusavapo kwechigadzirwa chekutengesa zvakananga kunoratidza kuti iri harisi bhizinesi chairo, sezvo mutengi wega wega achapihwa mutengo wake mukati mehurongwa hwekontrakiti, uye ini pachangu ndinoona izvi se "standard mamiriro" munyika, iyo ine. hapana chine chekuita nebhizinesi rakakomba, uye rakanangana nekubvisa mari chete.
2. Summary
Saka, ngatipei muchidimbu ruzivo rwatakachera muchimiro chinogayiwa.
Ruzivo rwekutanga pane server OS:
*Ulyanovsk.BSD iri FreeBSD inenge iri muchimiro chayo chakachena.
Masevhisi akakosha anogona kuiswa pane server inoshanda masisitimu:
Custom OS:
AstraLinux - inoshanda. Debian yakagadzikana. Kune mushandisi, iyo GUI iri padyo neWindows Explorer, iyo inorerutsa shanduko kune itsva OS. Sevhavha yakakodzera kugadzirisa anenge ese matambudziko andinoda kugadzirisa. Munhu wese kunze kweZimbra.
Alto - yakanaka kwazvo system. Pamwe zvinenge zvese zvandinoda. Yakagadzikana. Desktop yekushanda ichave isina kujairika kune vashandisi. Sevhavha yakakodzera kugadzirisa anenge ese matambudziko andinoda kugadzirisa. Munhu wese kunze kweZimbra.
Asi pane imwe hombe ASI. Mutengo wetsigiro yehunyanzvi. Rezinesi risingaperi rinodhura zvakapetwa ka1.5 pane rutsigiro rwehunyanzvi kwegore. 24 rubles pagore ... Kana kwete nokuda kwemutengo wenyaya ...
pamusoro Verenga Linux Ndinogona kuendesa zvinenge zvese zvinondifarira, asi kushaya rutsigiro chinhu chakadaro. Hongu, ndezvemahara. Asi kana chimwe chinhu chikaitika, misoro ye admins inotenderera.
PINK Linux - inoshanda. Inogona kuita masevhisi ese andinoda, kusanganisira Zimbra. Kubva pakuona kwemushandisi OS, dambudziko riri mushanduro yechinyakare yeLibreOffice.
RED OS - pane hongu pane kwete. Pamusoro peiyo mail server uye backup system. Semushandisi OS - pamwe kwete, nekuda kweiyo yekare hofisi suite. Asi mutengo wekugovera kits wakakwirira kudarika wevakwikwidzi ... Asi iyi iRED HAT ... asi ... asi ...
AlterOS - haugone kumhanyisa Zabbix kana sevha yeJabber pairi. Zvikasadaro, iyo yakanaka ine hunhu system. Semutengi OS, dambudziko riri mune yechinyakare hofisi suite, kana zvisiri zveizvi, zvino ingave yakanaka mhinduro.
WTware kune vatengi vatete yakakodzera chaizvo. Asi iyi haisi OS, saka iwe kazhinji haungakwanise kuiverenga mu "zvidimbu". Ndokunge, mune yangu, kana paine zana nemakumi mashanu evatengi maPC, hazvizogone kuzivisa nezve kupinza nzvimbo nekutaura kuti isu taendesa vese vashandi ve1500k kune vatengi vatete uye isu tine mamwe mazana matatu maseva windows, nekuti aya 1.5k ari kwete maOS...
Ulyanovsk.BSD - Aihwa. Nekuti inomutsa kushushikana nekuda kwekuti ingangove yakabviswa murejista yeBazi reTelecom uye Mass Communications. Kunyangwe FreeBSD iri yakanaka uye yakaratidza chigadzirwa, chigadzirwa ichi ...
Axis - kusvikira nyaya yekubudirira kwekambani yekusimudzira uye kutsigirwa yagadziriswa - kwete. Kana chisarudzo chiri chakanaka ... zvichida kwete kana ... Kunyange zvazvo ndakajaira kuCentOS, haisati iri.
QP OS - zvechokwadi uye kwete. Nenyanzvi dzakadaro uye mafungiro akadaro ... Aya ndiwo maonero angu, asi hazvizoshanduki.
Alpha OS. Zvakanyorwa nezvake paInternet uye zvinoratidzwa muvhidhiyo zvinonzwika sezviyedzo. Dai chete system iyi yaivepo muhupenyu chaihwo ...
OS LOTUS. Kutenga nguruve muhomwe? Kwete ndatenda. Kana iwe usingafarire kuyedza, saka ini handisi kufarira kutenga software yako nekuda kwekuyedza.
HaloOS nokuda kwezvikonzero zviri pachena, kwete kana, nokuti handina kana kapfungwa kekuti chii kana kuti chinodyiwa nei.
3. Mugumisiro
Zvekutumirwa Zimbra Collaboration Suite OSE Ndichada kana kopi imwe chete ROSA Enterprise Linux Server, kana zviri nani zvakadaro 2 - yekumisikidza proxy.
Kuti uwedzere mamwe masevhisi ese, zvine musoro kushandisa Astra Common Edition kana RED OS, sezvo mune ramangwana mutengo wezvirongwa izvi uchave wakanyanya purofiti nekuda kwekutsigirwa kwakachipa. Asi pachangu, ini ndinoda Astra zvakanyanya.
Mamwe masevhisi asina-akakosha anogona kuisirwa pahwaro Verenga Linux, saka ndezvemahara. Asi nekuda kwekushaikwa kwerutsigiro, aya anofanirwa kunge ari masevhisi ane nguva yekudzikira isiri yakakosha kune Enterprise, sezvo masisitimu maneja ari kuita basa rawo.
Custom OS - Ndichiri kuda zvakafanana Astra CE. Iyo ine yazvino hofisi suite, mushandisi-inoshamwaridzika GUI, iyo sisitimu inogona kuita zvese zvaungade kubva mairi. Hongu, yakachipa kupfuura vakwikwidzi vayo.
Kana paine kudikanwa kwekuisa dhairekitori sevha uye mamwe masevhisi ezvivakwa, zvine musoro kutarisa OS yemhuri imwechete iyo ichaendeswa kune vashandisi, zvirinani kubva pakuenderana kwemaonero. Muchiitiko changu, kana ndichiri kuda kuita izvi, zvingangodaro Astra CE.
4. PS:
Ini handisati ndabata neCAD mapakeji. Uye ini handitomboziva kana zvakakodzera kutanga, nekuti ndakawana yemahara "yemumba" software muchikamu ichi chete muROSA mapakeji. Asi kune dambudziko rakakura nemarezinesi, nekuti kana paine chikanganiso mukuverenga, nekuda kwekuti chigadzirwa chinodhura chebhizinesi hachizoshande, mutoro uchatakurwa neanjiniya akaugadzira, uye kwete nemugadziri wesoftware, uyo. aizofanira kuvimbisa kushanda kusina kukanganisa kwemasisitimu ake ... Nyaya iyi yakaoma, uye kazhinji ichagadziriswa nekuti maPC anomhanyisa Windows acharamba ari mumadhipatimendi ebudiriro, kana zvese izvi zvichaitwa neimwe nzira uye zvese. maverengero achaendeswa kune data center. Handisati ndafunga nezvazvo.
4.1. PS2.: Β«Kubva kumunyoriΒ«
a) Ndakaedza. Ichokwadi here. Asi ndinonzwisisa zvakakwana kuti kazhinji ndakakanganisa pane imwe nzvimbo. Ndapota, ndisati ndatanga bhatani re "karma yakaderera", nyora mumashoko izvo zvisina kunaka, uye ini ndichaedza kugadzirisa zvose kana zvakakodzera uye chinangwa.
b) Ndinonzwisisa kuti ruzivo rwuri muchinyorwa chino haruna kuratidzwa sezvandinoda. Pane kumwe kuvhiringika uye kusarura pano, izvo ini pachangu ndinoona sezvisina kunyatsokwana. Asi nekuona chokwadi chekuti basa rakawanda rakaitwa, ndinochengeta kodzero yekupa zvese izvi muchimiro chazviri.
Source: www.habr.com