Ini ndaifanira kuita backups yesaiti pa "2C-Bitrix: Site Management" (mafaira uye mysql database) kaviri pazuva uye kuchengeta nhoroondo yekuchinja kwemazuva makumi mapfumbamwe.
Iyo saiti iri paVDS inomhanya CentOS 7 OS ine 1C-Bitrix: Webhu Nzvimbo yakaiswa. Uyezve, ita kopi yekuchengetedza yezvirongwa zveOS yako.
Zvinotarisirwa:
- Frequency - 2 kanomwe pazuva;
- Chengetedza makopi kwemazuva makumi mapfumbamwe apfuura;
- Iko kugona kuwana mafaera ega kune rimwe zuva, kana zvichidikanwa;
- Iyo backup inofanirwa kuchengetwa mune imwe data data kunze kweVDS;
- Iko kugona kuwana iyo backup kubva chero kupi (imwe sevha, yeko komputa, nezvimwewo).
Chinhu chakakosha kwaive kugona kukurumidza kugadzira backups nekushomeka kwekushandisa kwekuwedzera nzvimbo uye system zviwanikwa.
Izvi hazvisi nezve snapshot yekukurumidza kudzorera iyo system yese, asi nezve mafaera uye dhatabhesi uye nhoroondo yekuchinja.
Pakutanga data:
- VDS paXEN virtualization;
- OS CentOS 7;
- 1C-Bitrix: Webhu nzvimbo;
- Webhusaiti inobva pa "1C-Bitrix: Site Management", Standard version;
- Saizi yefaira ndeye 50 GB uye ichakura;
- Saizi yedatabase ndeye 3 GB uye ichakura.
Ndakabva ndabvisa yakajairwa backup yakavakirwa mu1C-Bitrix. Inokodzera nzvimbo diki chete, nekuti:
- Inoita kopi yakazara yesaiti nguva dzese, saka kopi imwe neimwe inotora yakaenzana nzvimbo iyo mafaera anotora, mune yangu 50 GB.
- Backup inoitwa uchishandisa PHP, izvo zvisingagoneke nemavhoriyamu akadaro emafaira, anozoremedza sevha uye haizombopedzi.
- Uye zvechokwadi, hapagone kuve nekutaura kwemazuva makumi mapfumbamwe kana uchichengeta kopi yakazara.
Mhinduro iyo hoster inopa ndeye backup disk iri munzvimbo imwechete yedata seVDS, asi pane imwe sevha. Iwe unogona kushanda nedhisiki kuburikidza neFTP uye shandisa zvinyorwa zvako, kana ISPManager yakaiswa paVDS, zvino kuburikidza nemodule yayo yekuchengetedza. Iyi sarudzo haina kukodzera nekuda kwekushandiswa kweiyo data data.
Kubva pane zvese zviri pamusoro, sarudzo yakanakisa kwandiri ndeye backup yekuwedzera uchishandisa yangu script muYandex.Cloud (Object Storage) kana Amazon S3 (Amazon Simple Storage Service).
Izvi zvinoda:
- midzi yekuwana kuVDS;
- yakaiswa duplicity utility;
- account muYandex.Cloud.
Kuwedzera backup - nzira iyo chete iyo data yakachinja kubva yekupedzisira backup inochengetwa.
duplicity - chishandiso chekuchengetedza chinoshandisa rsync algorithms uye chinogona kushanda neAmazon S3.
Yandex.Cloud vs Amazon S3
Muchiitiko ichi, hapana mutsauko pakati peYandex.Cloud neAmazon S3 kwandiri. Yandex inotsigira huwandu hweAmazon S3 API, saka unogona kushanda nayo uchishandisa mhinduro dziripo dzekushanda neS3. Mune yangu, iyi ndiyo duplicity utility.
Mukana mukuru weYandex unogona kunge uri mubhadharo muRubles; kana paine data rakawanda, hapazovi nekubatana kune mutengo wekuchinjana. Panyaya yekumhanya, nzvimbo dzeAmazon dzeEuropean data dzinoshanda zvakafanana neRussia data nzvimbo muYandex; semuenzaniso, unogona kushandisa Frankfurt. Ndakamboshandisa Amazon S3 kumabasa akafanana, zvino ndakasarudza kuedza Yandex.
Kuisa Yandex.Cloud
1. Iwe unofanirwa kugadzira account yekubhadhara muYandex.Cloud. Kuti uite izvi, unofanirwa kupinda muYandex.Cloud kuburikidza neYandex account yako kana kugadzira imwe itsva.
2. Gadzira "Cloud".
3. Mu "Cloud" gadzira "Catalogue".
4. Kune "Catalogue" gadzira "Service account".
5. Gadzira makiyi e "Service Account".
6. Sevha makiyi, achadiwa mune ramangwana.
7. Kune "Directory" gadzira "Bucket", mafaera achapinda mairi.
8. Ndinokurudzira kuisa muganhu uye kusarudza "Cold Storage".
Kumisikidza yakarongwa backups pane server
Gwaro iri rinotora hunyanzvi hwekutonga.
1. Isa iyo duplicity utility paVDS
yum install duplicity
2. Gadzira folda ye mysql dumps, mune yangu iri /backup_db muVDS mudzi
3. Gadzira folda ye bash scripts /backup_scripts uye ita yekutanga script ichaita backups /backup_scripts/backup.sh
Zvinyorwa zvemukati:
#!`which bash`
# /backup_scripts/backup.sh
# ΠΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ΄ΡΡ Π»ΠΈ Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄ΡΡ, ΡΠΎ Π½Π° email ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ΅ (ΡΡΠΎΡ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ)
if [ -f /home/backup_check.mark ];
then
DATE_TIME=`date +"%d.%m.%Y %T"`;
/usr/sbin/sendmail -t <<EOF
From:backup@$HOSTNAME
To:<ΠΠ°Ρ EMAIL>
Subject:Error backup to YANDEX.CLOUD
Content-Type:text/plain; charset=utf-8
Error backup to YANDEX.CLOUD
$DATE_TIME
EOF
else
# ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π·Π° ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
# ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΊΡ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°Π΅ΠΌ backup
echo '' > /home/backup_check.mark;
# Π£Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ»Ρ Ρ Π΄Π°ΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π±Π°Π·Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ backup
/bin/rm -f /backup_db/*
# ΠΠ΅Π»Π°Π΅ΠΌ Π΄Π°ΠΌΠΏ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
mysql Π±Π°Π·, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ /root/.my.cnf
DATETIME=`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S`;
`which mysqldump` --quote-names --all-databases | `which gzip` > /backup_db/DB_$DATETIME.sql.gz
# ΠΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΊΠΈ Π² Π―Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡ.
export PASSPHRASE=<ΠΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ²Π°>
export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=<ΠΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Ρ Π―Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°>
export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=<Π‘Π΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Ρ Π―Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°>
# ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°Π΅ΠΌ duplicity Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΠΏΠΎΠΊ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅.
# ΠΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠΉ backup ΡΠ°Π· Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΌΡ
# -- exclude ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΠΏΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ, Ρ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΠΏΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π±ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°
# --include ΠΏΠ°ΠΏΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π² ΠΌΠΎΡΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ ΡΡΠΎ:
# - /backup_db
# - /home
# - /etc
# s3://storage.yandexcloud.net/backup , backup ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ Π±Π°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°
# Π’Π΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²:
# ΠΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ "--exclude='**'" ΠΈ "/" Π½ΡΠΆΠ½Ρ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ --include ΠΈ --exclude Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΠΏΠΎΠΊ. ΠΡΠΈ Π΄Π²Π΅ ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ Π² Π±ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΏ Π²Π΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π΅Ρ "/", ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ "--exclude='**'"
# --full-if-older-than='1M' - ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ
# --volsize='512' - ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π² Π±ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ Π² ΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π±Π°ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ
# --log-file='/var/log/duplicity.log' - ΠΊΡΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ Π»ΠΎΠ³ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ»
`which duplicity`
--s3-use-ia --s3-european-buckets
--s3-use-new-style
--s3-use-multiprocessing
--s3-multipart-chunk-size='128'
--volsize='512'
--no-print-statistics
--verbosity=0
--full-if-older-than='1M'
--log-file='/var/log/duplicity.log'
--exclude='**/www/bitrix/backup/**'
--exclude='**/www/bitrix/cache/**'
--exclude='**/www/bitrix/cache_image/**'
--exclude='**/www/bitrix/managed_cache/**'
--exclude='**/www/bitrix/managed_flags/**'
--exclude='**/www/bitrix/stack_cache/**'
--exclude='**/www/bitrix/html_pages/*/**'
--exclude='**/www/bitrix/tmp/**'
--exclude='**/www/upload/tmp/**'
--exclude='**/www/upload/resize_cache/**'
--include='/backup_db'
--include='/home'
--include='/etc'
--exclude='**'
/
s3://storage.yandexcloud.net/backup
# ΠΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° Π½ΡΠΆΠ½Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈ.
# ΠΠ½Π° ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ 3 ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ
backup ΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
backup.
# Π’.ΠΎ. Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ backup Π·Π° 3 ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ°, Ρ.ΠΊ. ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠΉ backup
`which duplicity` remove-all-but-n-full 3 --s3-use-ia --s3-european-buckets --s3-use-new-style --verbosity=0 --force s3://storage.yandexcloud.net/backup
unset PASSPHRASE
unset AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID
unset AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY
# Π£Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΊΡ ΠΎΠ± ΠΈΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ backup
/bin/rm -f /home/backup_check.mark;
fi
4. Mhanya script kekutanga uye tarisa mugumisiro; mafaira anofanira kuonekwa mu "Bucket".
`which bash` /backup_scripts/backup.sh
5. Wedzera script ku cron kuti mudzi wemudzi aite 2 nguva pazuva, kana nehuwandu hwaunoda.
10 4,16 * * * `which bash` /backup_scripts/backup.sh
Kutora data kubva kuYandex.Cloud
1. Gadzira folda yekudzoreredza /backup_restore
2. Gadzira bash script yekudzorera /backup_scripts/restore.sh
Ini ndinopa muenzaniso wakakurumbira wekudzoreredza chaiyo faira:
#!`which bash`
export PASSPHRASE=<ΠΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ²Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π±ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠ΅>
export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=<ΠΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Ρ Π―Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°>
export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=<Π‘Π΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Ρ Π―Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°>
# 3 ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°, ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΡΠΉ
# ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ backup
#`which duplicity` collection-status s3://storage.yandexcloud.net/backup
# ΠΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ index.php ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ°
#`which duplicity` --file-to-restore='home/bitrix/www/index.php' s3://storage.yandexcloud.net/backup /backup_restore/index.php
# ΠΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ index.php ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ° 3Ρ
Π΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
#`which duplicity` --time='3D' --file-to-restore='home/bitrix/www/index.php' s3://storage.yandexcloud.net/backup /backup_restore/index.php
unset PASSPHRASE
unset AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID
unset AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY
3. Mhanya script uye mirira mhedzisiro.
`which bash` /backup_scripts/backup.sh
Mu /backup_restore/ folda uchawana index.php faira yakanga yambotsigirwa.
Unogona kugadzirisa zvakanangana kuti zvienderane nezvido zvako.
Minus kudzokorora
duplicity ine imwe drawback - hazvigoneke kuseta muganho wekushandisa chiteshi. Iine chiteshi chenguva dzose izvi hazvigadziri dambudziko, asi kana uchishandisa DDoS-yakachengetedzwa chiteshi nekumhanyisa kuchaja pazuva, ndinoda kukwanisa kuseta muganhu we1-2 megabits.
Semhedziso
Backup muYandex.Cloud kana Amazon S3 inopa yakazvimirira kopi yesaiti uye OS marongero anogona kuwanikwa kubva kune chero imwe sevha kana yeko komputa. Zvakare, iyi kopi haionekwe mungave mune yekubata control panel kana muBitrix admin panhizha, iyo inopa kumwe kuchengetedzeka.
Mune yakaipisisa mamiriro ezvinhu, unogona kuunganidza sevha nyowani uye kutumira saiti chero zuva. Kunyangwe iyo inonyanya kufarirwa mashandiro ichave kugona kuwana faira kune yakatarwa zuva.
Unogona kushandisa nzira iyi nechero VDS kana Dedicated servers nemasaiti pane chero injini, kwete chete 1C-Bitrix. Iyo OS inogonawo kunge isiri yeCentOS, yakadai seUbuntu kana Debian.
Source: www.habr.com