Turkmenistan ndeimwe yenyika dzakavharwa zvakanyanya pasi rose. Kwete seyakavharwa sekuti, North Korea, asi padyo. Musiyano wakakosha iInternet yeruzhinji, iyo mugari wenyika anogona kubatana nayo pasina matambudziko. Ichi chinyorwa chinotaura nezve mamiriro neindasitiri yeInternet munyika, kuwanikwa kwenetiweki, mutengo wekubatanidza uye zvirambidzo zvakatemerwa nevakuru.
Indaneti yakatanga riini muTurkmenistan?
Pasi peSaparmurat Niyazov, iyo Internet yaive yekunze. Pakanga paine akati wandei mapoinzi ekubatanidza kune network yepasi rose yaishanda munyika panguva iyoyo, asi vakuru vepamusoro chete nevakuru vezvekuchengetedza vaikwanisa kuwana, uye vasingawanzo vashandisi. Kwaive nevazhinji vadiki vanopa Internet. Mukutanga kwema2000, mamwe makambani akavharwa, mamwe akabatanidzwa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mumiriri wenyika akabuda - mupi webasa Turkmentelecom. Kune zvakare makambani madiki evanopa, asi ese iwo, kutaura zvazviri, ari madiki eTurkmentelecom uye ari pasi payo zvachose.
Mushure mekunge Mutungamiri Berdimuhamedov vatanga kutonga, macafe eInternet akaonekwa muTurkmenistan uye network network yakatanga kusimukira. Yekutanga yemazuva ano Internet cafes yakaonekwa muna 2007. Turkmenistan zvakare ine cellular network yechizvarwa chechitatu nechina. Chero mugari wenyika anogona kubatana nayo, uye nekudaro kuInternet. Iwe unongoda kutenga SIM kadhi uye kuiisa mumudziyo.
Indaneti inodhura zvakadii uye chii chaunoda kuti ubatanidze?
Zvese, sedzimwe nyika zhinji, mupi anofanirwa kupa application. Mukati memazuva mashoma, munyoreri mutsva anobatanidzwa. Mutengo wemitengo wakashata zvishoma. Maererano nekuverenga nenyanzvi kubva kuWorld Bank, Indaneti muTurkmenistan ndiyo inodhura zvikuru pakati penyika dzaimbova USSR. Imwe gigabyte pano inodhura 3,5 nguva kupfuura muRussian Federation. Mutengo wekubatanidza unobva ku2500 kusvika ku6200 muRuble yakaenzana pamwedzi. Kuenzanisa, mubazi rehurumende muguta guru muhoro inenge 18 rubles (113 manats), nepo vamiriri vemamwe mabasa, kunyanya mumatunhu, vane mihoro yakaderera zvakanyanya.
Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, imwe sarudzo yekubatanidza kuInternet inharembozha, 4G network. Mushure mekunge 4G yezvivakwa yakatanga kuoneka, iyo yekumhanyisa yaive kusvika ku70 Mbit / s kunyangwe kunze kweguta. Iye zvino, kana nhamba yevanyoresa yakawedzera zvakanyanya, kukurumidza kwakaderera ka10 - kusvika ku7 Mbit / s mukati meguta. Uye iyi i4G; kana iri 3G, hapana kana 500 Kbps.
Sekureva kweAmerican agency Akamai Technologies, kuwanikwa kweInternet kune vanhu munyika i20%. Mumwe wevanopa muguta guru reTurkmenistan ane vashandisi 15 000 chete, pasinei nokuti vanhu veguta racho vanopfuura mamiriyoni e1.
Avhareji yekumhanya kweInternet yevashandisi munyika yese iri pazasi 0,5 Mbit/s.
Kana riri guta pacharo, Ministry of Communications rinenge gore nehafu rapfuura kuti muAshgabat iyo data data speed pakati pe data centers paavhareji inosvika 20 Gbit/sec.
Iyo nharembozha yakagadziridzwa zvakanaka - kunyangwe madiki ekugara akafukidzwa netiweki. Kana iwe ukapfuura misha iyi, pachavawo nekutaurirana - kuvhara hakuna kuipa. Asi izvi zvinoshanda kune nharembozha pachayo, asi kumhanya uye mhando yeInternet nhare haina kunyatsonaka.
Masevhisi ese aripo here kana kuti pane akavharirwa?
MuTurkmenistan, nzvimbo dzakawanda dzinozivikanwa uye masevhisi zvakavharwa, kusanganisira YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, VKontakte, LiveJournal, Lenta.ru. Nhume WhatsApp, Wechat, Viber zvakare haisipo. Mamwe mawebhusaiti akavharwawo, kazhinji ayo anoburitsa kushoropodzwa kwevakuru. Ichokwadi, nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero webhusaiti yeMTS Turkmenistan, magazini yevakadzi Women.ru, dzimwe nzvimbo dzekugadzirira, nezvimwewo zvakavharwa.
Muna Gumiguru 2019, kupinda kune gore reGoogle kwakavharwa, saka vashandisi vakarasikirwa nekuwana masevhisi emakambani akadai seGoogle Drive, Google Docs nevamwe. Zvingangodaro, dambudziko nderekuti girazi rewebhu rinopikisa rakaiswa pane iyi sevhisi muzhizha.
Zviremera zviri kunyanya kurwisa maturusi evhavha, anosanganisira anonymizers uye VPNs. Pakutanga, zvitoro zvinotengesa nharembozha nenzvimbo dzebasa zvaipa vashandisi kuti vaise VPN zvikumbiro. Zviremera zvakatora matanho ndokutanga kubhadharisa vanamuzvinabhizimisi nguva dzose. Nekuda kweizvozvo, nzvimbo dzebasa dzakabvisa sevhisi iyi. Uyezve, hurumende inoteedzera mawebhusaiti anoshanyira vashandisi. Kushanyira nzvimbo yakarambidzwa kunogona kukonzera masamanisi kune zviremera uye kunyorwa kwechinyorwa chekutsanangura. Pamwe pacho, vakuru vezvemitemo vanogona kusvika vega.
Kutaura chokwadi, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti kurambidzwa kwemvura kwakabviswa makore akati wandei apfuura.
Zviremera zvinovhara sei zviwanikwa zvisingadiwe uye kutarisa kuedza kunzvenga kuvharika?
Iyi ndiyo nguva inofadza zvikuru. Sekuziva kwedu, zvishandiso uye software yekutevera zvinopihwa nemakambani ekuMadokero. Ministry of Security yenyika ine basa rekutarisa network yenyika uye kutonga hwaro hwetekinoroji.
Ushumiri hunoshanda pamwe chete nekambani yeGerman Rohde & Schwarz. Makambani anobva kuUK anotengesawo michina uye software kunyika. Makore akati kuti apfuura, paramende yavo yakabvumira zvinhu kuTurkmenistan, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Brunei, Turkey, neBahrain.
Turkmenistan inoda nyanzvi kuchengetedza Internet kusefa. Vanamazvikokota vemuno havana kukwana, uye hurumende iri kushandisa rubatsiro kubva kunze kwenyika.
By Turkmenistan iri kutenga marudzi maviri emidziyo yekutarisa network - R&S INTRA uye R&S Unified Firewalls, pamwe neR&S PACE 2 software.
Kuongorora uku hakuitwe neBazi racho pacharo, asi nemakambani maviri akazvimirira ezvekufambiswa kwemashoko ane hukama nawo. Muridzi weimwe yemakambani chizvarwa chehurumende chekuchengetedza masangano eTurkmenistan. Makambani mamwe chete aya anogashira zvibvumirano zvehurumende zvekuvandudza webhusaiti, software, uye kugadzirisa michina yetiweki.
Iyo software inopihwa kubva kuEurope inoongorora kutaura uye inoshandisa mafirita kuziva mazwi, mitsara uye mitsara yese. Mhedzisiro yekuongorora inotariswa ne "black list". Kana zvikaitika, vezvemitemo vanobatanidzwa. Ivo zvakare vanotarisa SMS pamwe chete nevatumwa ipapo.
Muenzaniso wekutarisa uchishandisa BlockCheck v0.0.9.8:
Kurwisa VPN
Zviremera zveTurkmenistan zviri kurwisa VPNs neakasiyana madhigirii ekubudirira nekuda kwekufarirwa kwehunyanzvi pakati pevashandisi veInternet vasingashiviriri kuvharirwa kwemasaiti makuru ekunze. Hurumende inoshandisa michina yakafanana kubva kukambani yeGerman kusefa traffic.
Pamusoro pezvo, kuyedza kuri kuitwa kuvharisa nharembozha VPN application. Kune rumwe rutivi, isu takaona kuti yedu mobile VPN application haiwanikwe kune vamwe vashandisi. Chinhu chimwe chete chinobatsira ndeyekuvaka-mukati basa rekushanda neAPI kuburikidza neproxy.
Tine vashandisi vakati wandei vanobata kubva kuTurkmenistan, uye vanopota vachirondedzera mamwe matambudziko nekutaurirana. Mumwe wavo akangondipa zano rekugadzira chinyorwa ichi. Saka, kunyangwe mushure mekubudirira kupinda muapp, haasi ese maseva akabatana. Zvinotaridza kunge imwe mhando ye otomatiki VPN traffic yekuziva mafirita ari kushanda. Zvinoenderana nevashandisi vakafanana, zvakanakisa kubatana kune maseva matsva akawedzerwa munguva pfupi yapfuura.
Ndira apfuura hurumende yakatoenda kure uye kupinda muGoogle Play chitoro.
... vagari vemuTurkmenistan vakarasa mukana wekupinda muchitoro cheGoogle Play, kubva uko vashandisi vakadhawunirodha maapplication ayo akavabvumira kudarika kuvharika.
Zvese izvi zviito zvakangowedzera mukurumbira we block bypass tekinoroji. Munguva imwecheteyo nguva, nhamba yekutsvaga ine hukama neVPN .
Mune ramangwana, zviremera zveTurkmen zvinovimbisa kuvandudza network network, kuwedzera kumhanya kwekubatanidza uye kuwedzera 3G uye 4G kufukidzwa. Asi hazvina kunyatsojeka kuti izvi zvichaitika rinhi uye chii chichaitika mberi nekuvharirwa.
Source: www.habr.com