Mhoroi mose, zita rangu ndinonzi Sergey Emelyanchik. Ini ndiri mukuru wekambani yeAudit-Telecom, mugadziri mukuru uye munyori weVeliam system. Ndakasarudza kunyora chinyorwa pamusoro pekuti ini neshamwari yangu takagadzira sei kambani yekushambadzira, takanyora software isu uye takazotanga kuigovera kune wese munhu kuburikidza neSaaS system. Nezvekuti ndaisatenda zvachose kuti izvi zvinogoneka. Chinyorwa chacho hachizongove nenyaya chete, asiwo tekinoroji ruzivo rwekuti chigadzirwa cheVeliam chakagadzirwa sei. Kusanganisira zvimwe zvidimbu zvesource code. Ndichakuudza kukanganisa kwatakaita uye magadzirisiro atakaita gare gare. Pakanga paine kusava nechokwadi kana kubudisa chinyorwa chakadaro. Asi ndakafunga kuti zvaive nani kuzviita, kuwana mhinduro uye kugadzirisa, pane kusaburitsa chinyorwa uye kufunga nezve izvo zvingadai zvaitika kana ...
prehistory
Ndakashanda mukambani imwe somushandi weIT. Iyo kambani yaive yakakura kwazvo ine network yakakura chimiro. Ini handisi kuzoramba ndichifunga nezvemabasa angu, ndinongotaura kuti ivo havana kusanganisira kusimudzira kwechinhu chero chipi zvacho.
Taive nekutarisa, asi nekuda kwechido chedzidzo ndaida kuyedza kunyora yangu yakapfava. Pfungwa yaive iyi: Ini ndaida kuti ive pawebhu, kuti ndigone kupinda nyore ndisina kuisa chero vatengi uye kuona zviri kuitika netiweki kubva kune chero mudziyo, kusanganisira nharembozha kuburikidza neWi-Fi, uye iniwo chaizvo. ndaida kukurumidza kunzwisisa chii Kune michina mukamuri yave "mopey" nekuti ... paive nezvinodiwa zvakasimba zvenguva yekupindura kumatambudziko akadaro. Nekuda kweizvozvo, chirongwa chakazvarwa mumusoro mangu kuti ndinyore iri nyore peji rewebhu paive nejpeg kumashure ine network dhayagiramu, kucheka iwo madhivhisi pachawo neayo IP kero mumufananidzo uyu, uye kuratidza zvine simba zvemukati pamusoro peiyo. pikicha mumakongisheni anodiwa muchimiro chegirinhi kana inopenya tsvuku IP kero. Basa ratota, ngatitangei.
Pakutanga, ndanga ndichironga muDelphi, PHP, JS uye zvakanyanya C ++. Ndinonyatsoziva kuti network inoshanda sei. VLAN, Routing (OSPF, EIGRP, BGP), NAT. Izvi zvaive zvakakwana kuti ndinyore primitive monitoring prototype ini.
Ndakanyora zvandakaronga muPHP. Iyo Apache uye PHP server yaive paWindows nekuti... Linux kwandiri panguva iyoyo chaive chinhu chisinganzwisisike uye chakaomarara, sezvazvakazoitika gare gare, ndakanga ndakanganisa uye munzvimbo dzakawanda Linux iri nyore kupfuura Windows, asi iyi inyaya yakaparadzana uye isu tese tinoziva kuti mangani maholivars aripo. nyaya iyi. Iyo Windows task scheduler yakadhonzwa panguva diki (ini handiyeuke chaizvo, asi chimwe chinhu senge kamwe mumasekonzi matatu ega ega) chinyorwa chePP chakavhomora zvinhu zvese nebhanal ping uye yakachengetedza nyika kufaira.
system(“ping -n 3 -w 100 {$ip_address}“);
Hongu, hongu, kushanda nedhatabhesi panguva iyoyo zvakare kwaisave nehunyanzvi kwandiri. Ini ndanga ndisingazive kuti zvaigoneka kufananidzira maitiro, uye kuenda kuburikidza ese network node kwakatora nguva yakareba, nekuti ... izvi zvakaitika mune imwe nyaya. Matambudziko akanyanya kumuka apo nodes akati wandei aive asipo, nekuti mumwe nemumwe wavo akanonoka script kwe300 ms. Padivi remutengi pakanga paine nyore looping basa iro, panguva dzemasekonzi mashoma, kudhawunirodha ruzivo rwakagadziridzwa kubva kuseva nechikumbiro cheAjax uye nekuvandudza chimiro. Zvakanaka, saka, mushure me 3 isina kubudirira pings mumutsara, kana peji yewebhu ine kutarisa yakazaruka pakombuta, kuumbwa kunofadza kwakaridzwa.
Apo zvinhu zvose zvakashanda, ndakafemerwa zvikuru nemugumisiro uye ndakafunga kuti ndaigona kuwedzera zvimwe kwazviri (nekuda kweruzivo rwangu uye mano). Asi ini nguva dzose ndaisada masisitimu ane miriyoni machati, izvo zvandaifunga ipapo, uye ndichiri kufunga nanhasi, hazvina kufanira muzviitiko zvakawanda. Ndaida kuisa imomo chete zvaizonyatsondibatsira pabasa rangu. Iyi nheyo inoramba yakakosha mukuvandudzwa kweVeliam kusvika nhasi. Kupfuurirazve, ndakaona kuti zvaizonakidza kana ndikasazoramba ndakavhurika uye nekuziva nezvematambudziko, uye pazvinoitika, wobva wavhura peji uye uone kuti inonetsa network node iripo uye zvekuita nayo inotevera. . Neimwe nzira ini handina kuverenga email kumashure panguva iyoyo, ini handina kuishandisa. Ndakawana paInternet kuti kune maSMS emagedhi kwaunogona kutumira GET kana POST chikumbiro, uye ivo vanotumira SMS kunharembozha yangu nemashoko andinonyora. Ndakabva ndatoona kuti ndaida chaizvo izvi. Uye ndakatanga kudzidza zvinyorwa. Pashure penguva yakati ndakabudirira, uye zvino ndakagamuchira SMS pamusoro pezvinetso pamambure pafoni yangu ine zita re "chinhu chakawa". Kunyangwe sisitimu yacho yaive yechinyakare, yakanyorwa neni pachangu, uye chakanyanya kukosha chaindikurudzira kuigadzira ndechekuti yaive chirongwa chekunyorera chakandibatsira chaizvo pabasa rangu.
Zvino zuva rakasvika apo imwe yeInternet chiteshi yakadzikira kubasa, uye kutarisa kwangu hakuna kundizivisa nezvazvo. Sezvo Google DNS ichiri pinged zvakakwana. Yave nguva yekufunga nezvekuti ungatarise sei kuti nzira yekutaurirana iri mhenyu. Paive nemazano akasiyana ekuti izvi zvingaitwe sei. Midziyo yese ndaishaya. Isu taifanira kufunga kuti tinganzwisisa sei kuti ndeipi yechiteshi chiri mhenyu, asi tisingakwanise kuiona neimwe nzira pane network network pachayo. Ipapo mumwe waanoshanda naye akauya nepfungwa yekuti zvinogoneka kuti nzira yekutevera kumaseva eruzhinji inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nekuti ndeipi nzira yekutaurirana iri kushandiswa kuwana iyo Internet. Ndakatarisa ndikaona sekudaro. Paive nenzira dzakasiyana pakuronda.
system(“tracert -d -w 500 8.8.8.8”);
Saka imwe script yakaonekwa, kana kuti, nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero tsvakiridzo yakawedzerwa kusvika kumagumo eiyo script, iyo pinged zvese zvishandiso pane network. Mushure mezvose, iyi ndiyo imwe nzira yakareba iyo yakaitwa mushinda imwechete uye yakaderedza basa rezvinyorwa zvose. Asi ipapo zvakanga zvisiri pachena. Asi neimwe nzira kana imwe, akaita basa rake, iyo kodhi yakanyatso tsanangura rudzi rwekuteedzera kunofanirwa kuve kune yega yega chiteshi. Aya ndiwo matangiro akaita sisitimu kushanda, iyo yakatotarisisa (zvichidaidzira, nekuti pakange pasina kuunganidzwa kwemetrics, asi kungoita ping) network zvishandiso (router, switch, wi-fi, nezvimwewo) uye nzira dzekukurukurirana nenyika yekunze. . Mameseji eSMS aiuya nguva nenguva uye dhizaini raigara richiratidza zvakajeka paive nedambudziko.
Uyezve, mubasa remazuva ose ndaifanira kuita zvekuyambuka. Uye ndakaneta nekuenda kuCisco switch nguva dzese kuti ndione kuti ndeipi interface yekushandisa. Zvingave zvakanaka sei kudzvanya pane chinhu mukutarisisa uye kuona runyoro rwemaratidziro ayo ane tsananguro. Zvaizondichengetera nguva. Uyezve, muchirongwa ichi hapazove nechikonzero chekumhanyisa Putty kana SecureCRT kuisa maakaundi nemirairo. Ndakangobaya monitoring ndikaona zvaidiwa ndichibva ndaenda kunoita basa rangu. Ndakatanga kutsvaga nzira dzekudyidzana nema switch. Ndakabva ndangosangana nesarudzo mbiri: SNMP kana kupinda muchinjiko kuburikidza neSSH, ndichipinda mirairo yandaida uye nekupaza mhedzisiro. Ndakadzinga SNMP nekuda kwekuoma kwekuita kwayo; handina kushivirira kuti ndiwane mhedzisiro. neSNMP, iwe unofanirwa kuchera muMIB kwenguva yakareba uye, zvichibva pane iyi data, gadzira data nezve mainterfaces. Pane timu inoshamisa kuCISCO
show interface statusZvinoratidza chaizvo zvandinoda pakuyambuka. Nei uchinetseka neSNMP ini ndichingoda kuona kuburitsa kweiyi murairo, ndakafunga. Pashure penguva yakati, ndakaona mukana uyu. Dzvanya pane chimwe chinhu pawebhu peji. Chiitiko chakatangwa neiyo mutengi weAJAX akabata sevha, uye iyo, zvakare, yakabatana neSSH kune switch yandaida (zvitupa zvakaiswa mukodhi, pakanga pasina chishuwo chekunatsiridza, kugadzira mamwe mamenu akaparadzana uko. zvingave zvichibvira kuchinja maakaunti kubva kune iyo interface, ndaida mhedzisiro uye nekukurumidza) Ndakaisa iyo iri pamusoro apa rairo uye ndakaidzosera kubrowser. Saka ndakatanga kuona ruzivo rwemainterfaces nekudzvanya kamwe chete kwegonzo. Izvi zvaive zvakakunakira, kunyanya pawaifanira kuona ruzivo urwu pane akasiyana switch kamwechete.
Trace-based chiteshi chekutarisa yakaguma isiri iyo yakanakisa zano, nekuti ... dzimwe nguva basa raiitwa pane network, uye kutsvaga kwaigona kuchinja uye kutarisa kwakatanga kundipopotera kuti pane matambudziko nechiteshi. Asi mushure mekupedza nguva yakawanda pakuongorora, ndakaona kuti nzira dzose dzaishanda, uye kutarisa kwangu kwaindinyengera. Nekuda kweizvozvo, ndakabvunza vandaishanda navo vaikwanisa kushandura chiteshi kuti vangonditumira syslog kana chimiro chekuonekwa kwevavakidzani chachinja. Saizvozvo, yaive nyore, nekukurumidza uye yakarurama kupfuura kutsvaga. Chiitiko chakaita semuvakidzani akarasika chasvika, uye ndinobva ndapa chiziviso nezve chiteshi pasi.
Kupfuurirazve, mimwe mirairo yakati wandei yakaoneka pakudzvanya pachinhu, uye SNMP yakawedzerwa kuunganidza mamwe metrics, uye ndizvozvo chaizvo. Iyo system haina kuzombowedzera. Yaiita zvese zvandaida, yaive chishandiso chakanaka. Vaverengi vazhinji vangangondiudza kuti kwatova nesoftware yakawanda paInternet kugadzirisa matambudziko aya. Asi muchokwadi, ini handina kuGoogle zvigadzirwa zvemahara zvakadaro kare ikako uye ndaida chaizvo kuvandudza hunyanzvi hwangu hwekuronga, uye ndeipi nzira iri nani yekusundira izvi pane dambudziko rekushandisa chairo. Panguva ino, yekutanga vhezheni yekutarisa yakapedzwa uye haina kuzogadziridzwa.
Kugadzirwa kwekambani yeAudit-Telecom
Sezvo nguva yakapfuura, ndakatanga kushanda nguva isina kuzara mumamwe makambani, sezvineiwo rudungwe rwangu rwebasa rwakandibvumira kuita ikoku. Paunoshanda mumakambani akasiyana, hunyanzvi hwako munzvimbo dzakasiyana hunokura nekukurumidza, uye horizons yako inokura zvakanaka. Kune makambani umo, sezvavanotaura, uri muSweden, mukohwi, uye muridzi wehwamanda. Kune rumwe rutivi, zvakaoma, kune rumwe rutivi, kana iwe usiri usimbe, unova generalist uye izvi zvinokubvumira kugadzirisa matambudziko nekukurumidza uye zvakanyanya nekuti iwe unoziva mashandiro anoita munda wakabatana.
Shamwari yangu Pavel (uyewo nyanzvi yeIT) aigara achiedza kundikurudzira kuti nditange bhizinesi rake. Paiva nepfungwa dzisingaverengeki dzine misiyano yakasiyana yezvavaiita. Izvi zvave zvichikurukurwa kwemakore. Uye pakupedzisira, haifanire kunge yasvika kune chero chinhu nekuti ini ndinokahadzika, uye Pavel muroti. Pese paaironga zano, ndaigara ndisingatendi mazviri uye ndairamba kutora chikamu. Asi taida chaizvo kuvhura bhizinesi redu.
Pakupedzisira, takakwanisa kuwana sarudzo yaienderana nesu tose uye kuita zvatinoziva kuita. Muna 2016, takasarudza kugadzira kambani yeIT yaizobatsira mabhizinesi kugadzirisa matambudziko eIT. Uku ndiko kutumirwa kweIT masisitimu (1C, terminal server, mail server, nezvimwewo), kugadzirisa kwavo, classic HelpDesk yevashandisi uye network manejimendi.
Kutaura chokwadi, panguva yekugadzira kambani, ini handina kutenda mairi nezve 99,9%. Asi neimwe nzira Pavel akakwanisa kundiita kuti ndiedze, uye achitarira mberi, akaona kuti akanga akarurama. Ini naPavel takachipa 300 rubles mumwe nemumwe, takanyoresa LLC "Audit-Telecom", takarenda hofisi diki, takagadzira makadhi ebhizinesi anotonhorera, zvakanaka, kazhinji, senge vasina ruzivo, vekutanga vebhizinesi, uye vakatanga kutsvaga vatengi. Kutsvaga vatengi inyaya yakasiyana zvachose. Zvichida isu tichanyora imwe yakaparadzana chinyorwa sechikamu chekambani blog kana paine anofarira. Kufona kunotonhora, mapepa, nezvimwe. Izvi hazvina kupa chero mhinduro. Sezvandinoverenga ikozvino kubva kune dzakawanda nyaya dzebhizimisi, imwe nzira kana imwe, zvakawanda zvinoenderana nerombo. Takaita rombo rakanaka. uye chaizvo mavhiki mashoma mushure mekusikwa kwekambani, mukoma wangu Vladimir akauya kwatiri, uyo akatiunzira mutengi wekutanga. Handikufiri nedetails dzekushanda nemaclients, handizvo zviri kutaurwa nechinyorwa, ndinongoti takaenda kuAudit, takaona nzvimbo dzakaoma uye nzvimbo idzi dzakaputsika pakaitwa sarudzo yekuti shanda pamwe nesu nguva dzose sevanobuda kunze. Pashure paikoku, chisarudzo chakanaka chakaitwa nokukurumidza.
Zvino, kunyanya kuburikidza neshoko remuromo kuburikidza neshamwari, mamwe makambani ebasa akatanga kuoneka. Helpdesk yaive mune imwe system. Kubatanidza kunetiweki michina uye maseva akasiyana, kana kuti akasiyana. Vamwe vanhu vakachengeta mapfupi, vamwe vaishandisa mabhuku ekero eRDP. Monitoring imwe nzira yakasiyana. Izvo zvakanyanya kukanganisa kuti timu ishande mune dzakasiyana masisitimu. Mashoko akakosha anorasika. Zvakanaka, semuenzaniso, terminal yemutengi server yakave isipo. Zvikumbiro zvevashandisi vemutengi uyu zvinogamuchirwa nekukasika. Nyanzvi yekutsigira inovhura chikumbiro (yakagamuchirwa nerunhare). Kana zviitiko uye zvikumbiro zvakanyoreswa mune imwe sisitimu, ipapo nyanzvi yekutsigira yaikurumidza kuona kuti dambudziko remushandisi chii uye kumuudza nezvazvo, panguva imwe chete ichibatanidza kune chinhu chinodiwa kugadzirisa mamiriro acho. Wese munhu anoziva nezve tactical mamiriro uye anoshanda zvakabatana. Hatina kuwana hurongwa apo zvese izvi zvakasanganiswa. Zvakava pachena kuti yakanga yava nguva yekugadzira chigadzirwa chedu.
Ramba uchishanda pane yako monitoring system
Zvaive pachena kuti hurongwa hwaive hwakanyorwa kare hwakanga husina kukodzera zvachose kumabasa emazuva ano. Kwete maererano nekushanda kana maererano nehutano. Uye zvakasarudzwa kunyora hurongwa kubva pakutanga. Graphically yaifanira kunge yakaita zvakasiyana zvachose. Yaifanira kunge iri hierarchical system kuitira kuti zvikwanise kukurumidza uye zviri nyore kuvhura chinhu chakakodzera kumutengi akakodzera. Iyo chirongwa senge mune yekutanga vhezheni yakanga isina kururamiswa mune yazvino kesi, nekuti Vatengi vakasiyana uye hazvina basa zvachose kuti midziyo yacho yaive kupi. Izvi zvakatoendeswa kune zvinyorwa.
Saka, mabasa:
- Hierarchical structure;
- Imwe mhando ye server chikamu chinogona kuiswa panzvimbo yemutengi nenzira yemuchina chaiwo wekuunganidza ma metrics atinoda uye kutumira kune yepakati server, iyo inopfupikisa zvese izvi uye kutiratidza isu;
- Alerts. Avo vasingagone kupotsa, nekuti... panguva iyoyo zvaisaita kuti munhu agare achingotarisa pamonitor;
- Application system. Vatengi vakatanga kuoneka avo vatakaitira kwete sevha uye network zvishandiso, asiwo nzvimbo dzekushanda;
- Kugona kukurumidza kubatanidza kune maseva uye zvishandiso kubva kune system;
Mabasa akaiswa, tinotanga kunyora. Panzira, kugadzirisa zvikumbiro kubva kune vatengi. Panguva iyoyo taiva tatova 4. Takatanga kunyora zvikamu zvese kamwechete: iyo yepakati server uye sevha yekuisa kune vatengi. Panguva ino, Linux yakanga isisiri mutorwa kwatiri uye zvakasarudzwa kuti michina chaiyo iyo vatengi vaizove nayo yaizova paDebian. Pachave pasina vanoisa, isu tichangoita sevha chikamu purojekiti pane imwe chaiyo chaiyo muchina, uye isu tobva tangoibatanidza kune yaunoda mutengi. Uku kwaive kumwe kukanganisa. Gare gare zvakava pachena kuti muchirongwa chakadaro nzira yekuvandudza yakanga isina kugadzirwa zvachose. Avo. tanga tichiwedzera chimwe chinhu chitsva, uye ipapo pakanga paine dambudziko rose rekugovera kune ese maseva evatengi, asi isu tichazodzoka kune izvi gare gare, zvese zvakarongeka.
Isu takagadzira yekutanga prototype. Akakwanisa kubaya maclient network zvishandiso uye maseva ataida uye kutumira iyi data kune yedu yepakati server. Uye iye, zvakare, akavandudza iyi data muhuwandu pane yepakati server. Pano ini ndichanyora kwete nyaya chete pamusoro pekuti sei uye chii chakabudirira, asiwo ndezvipi zvikanganiso zveamateurish zvakaitwa uye kuti gare gare ndaifanira kubhadhara sei nenguva. Saka, muti wose wezvinhu wakachengetwa mune imwe faira muchimiro chechinhu chakatevedzana. Nepo isu takabatanidza vatengi vakati wandei kuhurongwa, zvese zvaive zvakanyanya kana zvishoma, kunyangwe dzimwe nguva paive nezvimwe zvekugadzira izvo zvaisanzwisisika zvachose. Asi patakabatanidza gumi nemaviri maseva kuhurongwa, zvishamiso zvakatanga kuitika. Dzimwe nguva, nechikonzero chisingazivikanwe, zvinhu zvese zviri muhurongwa zvakangonyangarika. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive pano kuti maseva akatumirwa nevatengi data kune yepakati sevha masekonzi mashoma kuburikidza nePOST chikumbiro. Muverengi anoteerera uye ane ruzivo programmer akatofungidzira kuti paive nedambudziko rekuwanikidza kuwana kune iro faira iro raichengetwa chinhu cheseri kubva kune dzakasiyana tambo panguva imwe chete. Uye apo ikoku kwakanga kuchiitika, manenji akaitika nokutsakatika kwezvinhu. Faera rakangove risina chinhu. Asi izvi zvose hazvina kuwanikwa pakarepo, asi chete panguva yekushanda nemaseva akawanda. Munguva iyi, kushanda kwechiteshi chekuongorora kwakawedzerwa (maseva akatumirwa nechepakati kwete chete ruzivo pamusoro pekuwanikwa kwezvishandiso, asiwo nezvezviteshi zvakavhurwa pazviri). Izvi zvakaitwa nekudaidza murairo:
$connection = @fsockopen($ip, $port, $errno, $errstr, 0.5);
mibairo yaiwanzova isiriyo uye scans yaitora nguva yakareba kuti ipere. Ndakakanganwa zvachose nezve ping, yakaitwa kuburikidza nefping:
system("fping -r 3 -t 100 {$this->ip}");
Izvi zvakare hazvina kufananidzwa uye saka maitiro acho aive akareba kwazvo. Gare gare, runyorwa rwese rwe IP kero inodiwa kuti isimbiswe yakatumirwa kune fping kamwechete, uye kumashure takagamuchira runyoro rwakagadzirirwa rweavo vakapindura. Kusiyana nesu, fping yakakwanisa kuenzanisa maitiro.
Rimwe basa rakajairika raive kumisa mamwe masevhisi kuburikidza neWEB. Zvakanaka, semuenzaniso, ECP kubva kuMS Exchange. Chaizvoizvo ingori link. Uye isu takasarudza kuti tinoda kukwanisa kuwedzera zvinongedzo zvakadaro zvakananga kuhurongwa, kuitira kuti tisatarise mune zvinyorwa kana kumwe kunhu mumabhukimaki ekuti tingawana sei ECP yemutengi chaiwo. Iyi ndiyo nzira yakaonekwa nayo pfungwa yezvishandiso zvehurongwa, kushanda kwavo kunowanikwa nanhasi uye hakuna kuchinja, zvakanaka, zvinenge.
Mashandisirwo ezvishandiso zvinongedzo zvinoshanda muVeliam
Remote connections
Izvi ndizvo zvazvinotaridzika mukuita mune yazvino vhezheni yeVeliam
Rimwe remabasa raive rekukurumidza uye nyore kubatana kumaseva, ayo akange atove mazhinji (anopfuura zana) uye kuronga kuburikidza nemamiriyoni emapfupi eRDP akachengetedzwa kare zvaive zvisingaite. Chombo chaidiwa. Pane software paInternet icho chinhu chakafanana nebhuku rekero kune rakadaro RDP yekubatanidza, asi haina kubatanidzwa neyekutarisa system, uye maakaundi haagone kuchengetwa. Kupinda maakaundi evatengi vakasiyana nguva dzese igehena rakachena kana iwe uchibatanidza kakawanda pazuva kumaseva akasiyana. NeSSH, zvinhu zviri nani zvishoma; kune yakawanda yakanaka software iyo inokutendera kuti uronge zvinongedzo zvakadaro mumaforodha uye uyeuke maakaundi kubva kwavari. Asi pane 2 matambudziko. Chekutanga ndechekuti isu hatina kuwana imwechete chirongwa cheRDP uye SSH yekubatanidza. Chechipiri ndechekuti kana pane imwe nguva ndisiri pakombuta yangu uye ndinofanira kukurumidza kubatanidza, kana kuti ndangodzosera sisitimu, ndichafanira kupinda muzvinyorwa kuti nditarise account kubva kune uyu mutengi. Hazvina kunaka uye kutambisa nguva.
Chimiro chehierarchical chataida kune maseva evatengi changa chave kuwanikwa muchigadzirwa chedu chemukati. Ini ndaifanira kufunga nzira yekubatanidza nekukurumidza kubatanidza kune inodiwa michina ipapo. Kutanga, zvirinani mukati metiweki yako.
Tichifunga nezve chokwadi chekuti mutengi muhurongwa hwedu aive browser isingakwanise kuwana zviwanikwa zvekombuta, kuitira kuti tingovhura application yataida neimwe murairo, yakagadzirwa kuti iite zvese kuburikidza ne "Windows. tsika url scheme". Aya ndiwo maitiro eimwe "plugin" yakaonekwa kune yedu sisitimu, iyo yaingosanganisira Putty uye Remote Desktop Plus uye, panguva yekuisa, yakangonyoresa URI chirongwa muWindows. Zvino, pataida kubatana nechinhu kuburikidza neRDP kana SSH, isu takadzvanya ichi chiitiko pane yedu system uye iyo Tsika URI yakashanda. Iyo yakajairwa mstsc.exe yakavakirwa muWindows kana putty, yaive chikamu che "plugin," yakatangwa. Ini ndinoisa izwi plugin mune makotesheni nekuti iyi haisi browser plugin mune yekirasi pfungwa.
At least that was something. Bhuku rekero rakakunakira. Zvakare, kana iri yePutty, zvese zvaive zvakanaka; yaigona kupihwa IP yekubatanidza, login uye password semapureta ekuisa. Avo. Isu takatobatana neLinux maseva panetiweki yedu nekudzvanya kamwe chete pasina kuisa mapassword. Asi neRDP hazvisi nyore kudaro. Standard mstsc haigone kupa zvitupa sema paramita. Remote Desktop Plus yakauya kuzonunura. Akabvumira kuti izvi zviitike. Iye zvino tinogona kuita pasina iyo, asi kwenguva yakareba yaive mubatsiri akatendeka muhurongwa hwedu. NeHTTP (S) saiti zvese zviri nyore, zvinhu zvakadaro zvakangovhurwa mubrowser uye ndizvozvo. Zviri nyore uye zvinoshanda. Asi uyu waive mufaro chete pane network yemukati.
Sezvo isu takagadzirisa huwandu hwematambudziko kure kure nehofisi, chinhu chaive nyore kwaive kuita kuti VPNs awanikwe kune vatengi. Uye zvino zvaive zvichikwanisika kubatana navo kubva kuhurongwa hwedu. Asi zvakanga zvichiri kunetsa. Kune mutengi wega wega, zvaive zvakafanira kuchengetedza boka rekuyeukwa VPN kubatana pakombuta yega yega, uye usati wabatana kune chero, zvaive zvakafanira kugonesa inoenderana VPN. Isu takashandisa iyi mhinduro kwenguva yakareba. Asi huwandu hwevatengi huri kuwedzera, huwandu hweVPN huri kuwedzera, uye zvese izvi zvakatanga kunetsa uye chimwe chinhu chaifanira kuitwa nezvazvo. Misodzi yakanyanya kuuya mumaziso angu mushure mekuisazve sisitimu, pandaifanira kuisazve akawanda ekubatanidza VPN mune itsva Windows profiles. Chirega kushivirira izvi, ndakati, uye ndakatanga kufunga kuti ndoita sei nazvo.
Izvo zvakaitika kuti vatengi vese vaive nemidziyo kubva kune inozivikanwa kambani Mikrotik semarouta. Iwo anoshanda kwazvo uye akanakira kuita rinenge chero basa. Iyo yakashata ndeyekuti ivo "vakapambwa". Isu takagadzirisa dambudziko iri nekungovhara kwese kuwanikwa kubva kunze. Asi zvaive zvakafanira kuti neimwe nzira uwane kwavari pasina kuuya kunzvimbo yemutengi, nekuti... kureba. Takangogadzira tunnel kune imwe neimwe yakadaro Mikrotik ndokuiparadzanisa kuva dziva rakasiyana. pasina chero nzira, kuitira kuti pasave nekubatana kwetiweki yako nemanetwork evatengi uye network yavo kune mumwe nemumwe.
Iyo pfungwa yakazvarwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti pandinodzvanya pane chinhu chandinoda muhurongwa, iyo yepakati yekutarisisa sevha, ichiziva iyo SSH maakaundi evose vatengi Mikrotik, inobatanidza kune inodiwa, inogadzira mutemo wekutumira kune anodiwa anogamuchira ane chinodiwa port. Pane akati wandei pano. Mhinduro yacho haisi yepasirese - inongoshanda kuMikrotik, sezvo iyo syntax yemirairo yakasiyana kune ese ma routers. Zvakare, kuendesa mberi kwakadaro kwaifanira kudzimwa neimwe nzira, uye sevha chikamu chehurongwa hwedu hachina kukwanisa kuronda neimwe nzira kana ndapedza chikamu changu cheRDP. Zvakanaka, kutumira kwakadaro igomba kune mutengi. Asi isu hatina kutevedzera Universal, nekuti ... chigadzirwa chaishandiswa chete mukati mekambani yedu uye pakanga pasina pfungwa dzekuchiburitsa kune veruzhinji.
Rimwe nerimwe rematambudziko rakagadziriswa nenzira yaro. Pakagadzirwa mutemo, kutumirwa uku kwaingowanikwa kune imwe chete yekunze IP kero (kubva iyo kubatana kwakatangwa). Saka gomba rekuchengetedza rakadziviswa. Asi nekubatana kwega kwega kwakadaro, mutemo weMikrotik wakawedzerwa kune peji reNAT uye hauna kucheneswa. Uye munhu wese anoziva kuti iyo yakawanda mitemo iripo, iyo yakawanda processor yerouter inotakurwa. Uye kazhinji, handina kukwanisa kubvuma kuti rimwe zuva ndaizoenda kune imwe Mikrotik, uye paizova nemazana emitemo yakafa, isina maturo.
Sezvo sevha yedu isingakwanise kuteedzera mamiriro ekubatanidza, rega Mikrotik ivatevere ivo pachavo. Uye ndakanyora script yaigara ichitarisa mitemo yese yekutumira ine tsanangudzo chaiyo uye kutarisa kana TCP yekubatanidza ine mutemo wakakodzera. Kana pasati pave neimwe kwenguva, saka kubatana kwacho kwatopedzwa uye kutumira uku kunogona kudzimwa. Zvose zvakashanda, script yakashanda zvakanaka.
Nenzira, heino:
global atmonrulecounter {"dontDelete"="dontDelete"}
:foreach i in=[/ip firewall nat find comment~"atmon_script_main"] do={
local dstport [/ip firewall nat get value-name="dst-port" $i]
local dstaddress [/ip firewall nat get value-name="dst-address" $i]
local dstaddrport "$dstaddress:$dstport"
#log warning message=$dstaddrport
local thereIsCon [/ip firewall connection find dst-address~"$dstaddrport"]
if ($thereIsCon = "") do={
set ($atmonrulecounter->$dstport) ($atmonrulecounter->$dstport + 1)
#:log warning message=($atmonrulecounter->$dstport)
if (($atmonrulecounter->$dstport) > 5) do={
#log warning message="Removing nat rules added automaticaly by atmon_script"
/ip firewall nat remove [/ip firewall nat find comment~"atmon_script_main_$dstport"]
/ip firewall nat remove [/ip firewall nat find comment~"atmon_script_sub_$dstport"]
set ($atmonrulecounter->$dstport) 0
}
} else {
set ($atmonrulecounter->$dstport) 0
}
}
Zvechokwadi yaigona kunge yakaitwa yakanakisa, nekukurumidza, nezvimwewo, asi yakashanda, haina kutakura Mikrotik uye yakaita basa rakanaka. Takazokwanisa kubatana kumaseva evatengi uye network michina nekungodzvanya kumwe chete. Pasina kuvhura VPN kana kuisa mapassword. Iyo sisitimu yave nyore chaizvo kushanda nayo. Nguva yebasa yakaderedzwa, uye isu tose takapedza nguva tichishanda pane kubatanidza kune zvinhu zvinodiwa.
Mikrotik Backup
Isu takagadzirisa backup yeMikrotik yese kuFTP. Uye zvese zvese zvaive zvakanaka. Asi pawaida kuwana backup, waifanira kuvhura iyi FTP woitsvaga ipapo. Isu tine sisitimu iyo ese ma routers akabatana; isu tinokwanisa kutaurirana nemidziyo kuburikidza neSSH. Sei isu tisingazvigadziri kuitira kuti sisitimu yacho pachayo itore backups kubva kuMikrotik yese zuva nezuva, ndakafunga. Uye akatanga kuishandisa. Takabatana, takaita backup uye takaenda nayo kudura.
Script kodhi muPHP yekutora backup kubva kuMikrotik:
<?php
$IP = '0.0.0.0';
$LOGIN = 'admin';
$PASSWORD = '';
$BACKUP_NAME = 'test';
$connection = ssh2_connect($IP, 22);
if (!ssh2_auth_password($connection, $LOGIN, $PASSWORD)) exit;
ssh2_exec($connection, '/system backup save name="atmon" password="atmon"');
stream_get_contents($connection);
ssh2_exec($connection, '/export file="atmon.rsc"');
stream_get_contents($connection);
sleep(40); // Waiting bakup makes
$sftp = ssh2_sftp($connection);
// Download backup file
$size = filesize("ssh2.sftp://$sftp/atmon.backup");
$stream = fopen("ssh2.sftp://$sftp/atmon.backup", 'r');
$contents = '';
$read = 0;
$len = $size;
while ($read < $len && ($buf = fread($stream, $len - $read))) {
$read += strlen($buf);
$contents .= $buf;
}
file_put_contents ($BACKUP_NAME . ‘.backup’,$contents);
@fclose($stream);
sleep(3);
// Download RSC file
$size = filesize("ssh2.sftp://$sftp/atmon.rsc");
$stream = fopen("ssh2.sftp://$sftp/atmon.rsc", 'r');
$contents = '';
$read = 0;
$len = $size;
while ($read < $len && ($buf = fread($stream, $len - $read))) {
$read += strlen($buf);
$contents .= $buf;
}
file_put_contents ($BACKUP_NAME . ‘.rsc’,$contents);
@fclose($stream);
ssh2_exec($connection, '/file remove atmon.backup');
ssh2_exec($connection, '/file remove atmon.rsc');
?>
Iyo backup inotorwa mumhando mbiri - binary uye zvinyorwa config. Iyo bhinari inobatsira kukurumidza kudzorera chinodiwa config, uye chinyorwa chimwe chinokubvumira kuti unzwisise zvinoda kuitwa kana pane kumanikidzirwa kuchinjwa kwemichina uye bhinari haigoni kuiswa kwairi. Nekuda kweizvozvo, takawana imwe yakanakira kushanda muhurongwa. Uyezve, pakuwedzera Mikrotik itsva, pakanga pasina chikonzero chekugadzirisa chero chinhu; Ini ndakangowedzera chinhu kune system uye kuisa account yayo kuburikidza neSSH. Ipapo iyo system pachayo yakatarisira kutora backups. Iyo yazvino vhezheni yeSaaS Veliam haisati yave nekuita uku, asi isu tichaitakura munguva pfupi.
Screenshots yezvaitaridzika mumukati system
Shanduko kune yakajairika database yekuchengetedza
Ndakatonyora pamusoro apa kuti maartifacts akaonekwa. Dzimwe nguva runyorwa rwese rwezvinhu zviri muhurongwa hwakangonyangarika, dzimwe nguva pakugadzirisa chinhu, ruzivo haruna kuchengetwa uye chinhu chaifanira kupihwa zita katatu. Izvi zvakashatirisa munhu wese zvakanyanya. Kunyangarika kwezvinhu kwakaitika kashoma, uye kwakadzoreredzwa nyore nekudzoreredza iyi faira, asi kutadza kana kugadzirisa zvinhu kwakaitika kazhinji. Zvichida, ini pakutanga handina kuita izvi kuburikidza nedhatabhesi nokuti yakanga isingakodzeri mupfungwa dzangu kuti zvaigoneka sei kuchengeta muti nezvose zvakabatanidzwa mufurafura yefurafura. Muti wakati sandara, asi muti wacho wakasiyana-siyana. Asi mhinduro yakanaka yekuwana kwakawanda, uye zvino (sezvo hurongwa hunowedzera kuoma) kutengeserana, iDBMS. Ini handisirini ndakatanga kusangana nedambudziko iri. Ndakatanga kuita googling. Zvakazoitika kuti zvese zvakange zvatogadzirwa pamberi pangu uye kune akati wandei algorithms anovaka muti kubva pafurafura tafura. Mushure mekutarisa imwe neimwe, ndakashandisa imwe yacho. Asi iyi yanga yatova vhezheni itsva yehurongwa, nekuti... Muchokwadi, nekuda kweizvi, ndaifanira kunyora zvakare zvakanyanya. Mhedzisiro yacho yaive yakasikwa, matambudziko emaitiro asina kujairika ehurongwa akaenda. Vamwe vanogona kutaura kuti zvikanganiso zvakapusa (zvinyorwa zvine shinda imwe chete, kuchengetedza ruzivo rwakawanikwa kakawanda panguva imwe chete kubva kune tambo dzakasiyana mufaira, nezvimwewo) mumunda wekuvandudza software. Zvichida ichi ichokwadi, asi basa rangu guru raive manejimendi, uye hurongwa hwaive hwepadivi pemweya wangu, uye ini ndanga ndisina ruzivo rwekushanda muchikwata chevanoronga zvirongwa, uko zvinhu zvakakosha zvakadaro zvingadai zvakangokurudzirwa kwandiri nemukuru wangu. comrades. Naizvozvo, ndakazadza mapundu ose aya ndoga, asi ndakadzidza mashoko acho zvakanaka kwazvo. Uye zvakare, basa rangu rinosanganisira misangano nevatengi, zviito zvine chinangwa chekuyedza kusimudzira kambani, boka renyaya dzekutonga mukati mekambani, uye zvakawanda, zvakawanda. Asi neimwe nzira kana imwe, izvo zvaive zvatovepo zvaive zvichidiwa. Vakomana uye ini pachangu takashandisa chigadzirwa mubasa redu rezuva nezuva. Paiva nemazano asina kubudirira uye mhinduro pane iyo nguva yakaraswa, asi pakupedzisira zvakava pachena kuti ichi chaive chisiri chishandiso chekushanda uye hapana akaishandisa uye haina kuguma muVeliam.
Helpdesk - HelpDesk
Hazvingave zvakashata kutaura kuti HelpDesk yakaumbwa sei. Iyi inyaya yakasiyana zvachose, nekuti... muVeliam iyi yatova yechitatu vhezheni nyowani, yakasiyana neyese yapfuura. Iye zvino iri nyore sisitimu, intuitive isina mabhero asina kufanira uye muridzo, nekugona kubatanidza nedura, pamwe nekugona kuwana yakafanana mushandisi profiles kubva chero kupi uchishandisa chinongedzo kubva kune email. Uye zvinonyanya kukosha, zvinokwanisika kubatana kune anonyorera kuburikidza neVNC kubva chero kupi (pamba kana muhofisi) zvakananga kubva kune application pasina VPN kana chiteshi chekutumira. Ini ndichakuudza kuti takasvika sei kune izvi, zvakaitika kare uye ndezvipi zvisarudzo zvinotyisa zvakaitwa.
Isu takabatana nevashandisi kuburikidza neanozivikanwa TeamViewer. Makomputa ese ane vashandisi vatinoshandisa akaiswa TV. Chinhu chekutanga chatakaita zvisizvo, uye ndokuzochibvisa, chaive kubatanidza yega yega HD mutengi kune Hardware. Mushandisi akapinda sei muHD system kuti asiye chikumbiro? Pamusoro peTV, munhu wese aive nechishandiso chakakosha chakaiswa pamakomputa avo, chakanyorwa muna Razaro (vanhu vazhinji pano vachatenderedza maziso avo, uye pamwe votoenda kuGoogle kuti chii, asi iyo yakanakisa kuunganidzwa mutauro wandaiziva yaive Delphi, uye Razaro anenge. chinhu chimwe chete, chemahara chete). Kazhinji, mushandisi akatangisa yakakosha batch faira iyo yakatanga chishandiso ichi, icho chakazoverenga HWID yehurongwa uye mushure meizvozvo browser yakatangwa uye mvumo yakaitika. Izvi zvakaitirwei? Mune mamwe makambani, nhamba yevashandisi vevashandi vanoverengerwa mumwe nemumwe, uye mutengo webasa wemwedzi wega wega unoenderana nehuwandu hwevanhu. Izvi zvinonzwisisika, iwe unoti, asi nei zvakasungirirwa kune hardware? Zviri nyore, vamwe vanhu vakauya kumba vakaita chikumbiro kubva palaptop yavo yekumba nenzira yekuti "ndiitire zvese zvakanaka pano." Pamusoro pekuverenga iyo HWID system, chishandiso chakadhonza yazvino Teamviewer ID kubva kune registry uye zvakare yakaendesa kwatiri. Teamviewer ine API yekubatanidza. Uye isu takaita kubatanidzwa uku. Asi pane imwe chete yakabatwa. Kuburikidza neaya maAPIs, hazvigoneke kubatana nekombuta yemushandisi kana asina kunyatso tanga chirongwa ichi uye mushure mekuyedza kubatana nacho, anofanirawo kudzvanya "simbisa". Panguva iyoyo, zvaiita sezvine musoro kwatiri kuti hapana munhu anofanirwa kubatanidza pasina chikumbiro chemushandisi, uye sezvo munhu wacho ari pakombuta, achatanga chirongwa uye apindure akavimbika kuchikumbiro chekubatanidza kure. Zvese zvakava zvisina kunaka. Vanyoreri vakakanganwa kudzvanya kutanga chirongwa, uye vakafanira kuvaudza izvi muhurukuro yefoni. Izvi zvakapedza nguva uye zvaishungurudza mativi ese ehurongwa. Uyezve, hazvisi zvachose zvisingawanzoitiki panguva dzakadaro apo munhu anosiya chikumbiro, asi anobvumirwa kubatanidza chete kana aenda kwemasikati. Nemhaka yokuti dambudziko racho harina kutsoropodza uye haadi kuti basa rake rivhiringidzwe. Saizvozvo, haazodzvanyi mabhatani chero kubvumira kubatana. Aya ndiwo maratidziro ekuwedzera mashandiro paakapinda muHelpDesk - kuverenga ID yeTeamviewer. Isu taiziva password yechigarire yaishandiswa pakuisa Teamviwer. Kunyanya, iyo system chete ndiyo yaizviziva, sezvo yakavakirwa muisimi uye mune yedu system. Nekudaro, pakanga paine bhatani rekubatanidza kubva kuchishandiso nekudzvanya paive pasina chikonzero chekumirira chero chinhu, asi Teamviewer yakabva yavhurwa uye kubatana kwakaitika. Nekuda kweizvozvo, pakanga paine marudzi maviri ekugoneka kubatana. Kuburikidza neiyo official Teamviewer API uye yedu yakazvigadzira. Kukushamisika kwangu, vakamira kushandisa yekutanga nekukurumidza, kunyangwe pakanga paine rairo yekuishandisa chete mune dzakakosha zviitiko uye kana mushandisi pachake anopa kuenda-mberi. Kunyange zvakadaro, ndipei kuchengeteka zvino. Asi zvakazoitika kuti vanyoreri vaisada izvi. Vese vakanaka chose nekubatanidzwa kwavari pasina bhatani rekusimbisa.
Kuchinjira kune multithreading muLinux
Mubvunzo wekukurumidza kufamba kwetiweki scanner yekuvhurika kweyakafanotemerwa runyorwa rwezviteshi uye nyore pinging yezvinhu zvetiweki zvakatanga kubuda. Pano, hongu, mhinduro yekutanga inouya mupfungwa ndeye multithreading. Sezvo nguva huru yakashandiswa paping iri kumirira kuti pakiti idzoserwe, uye inotevera ping haigone kutanga kusvika iyo yapfuura pakiti yadzoserwa, mumakambani aitove ne20+ maseva pamwe netiweki michina, izvi zvakatoshanda zvishoma nezvishoma. Icho chiripo ndechekuti pasuru imwe inogona kunyangarika, asi usakurumidza kuzivisa iyo system maneja nezvazvo. Achangorega kugamuchira spam yakadaro nekukurumidza. Izvi zvinoreva kuti iwe unofanirwa ping chimwe nechimwe chinhu kanopfuura kamwe usati waita mhedziso yekusasvika. Pasina kupinda mune zvakawandisa, zvinodikanwa kuti zvienzanise nekuti kana izvi zvikasaitwa, saka kazhinji system maneja anozodzidza nezve dambudziko kubva kumutengi, uye kwete kubva kune yekutarisa system.
PHP pachayo haitsigire multithreading kunze kwebhokisi. Unokwanisa multiprocessing, unogona forogo. Asi, kutaura zvazviri, ndakanga ndatova nemaitiro ekuvhota akanyorwa uye ndaida kuzviita kuitira kuti ndimboverenga node dzose dzandaida kubva mudhatabhesi, ping zvinhu zvose kamwechete, kumirira mhinduro kubva kune imwe neimwe uye mushure mezvo pakarepo kunyora. iyo data. Izvi zvinochengetedza pahuwandu hwekuverenga zvikumbiro. Multithreading inokodzera zvakakwana mune iyi pfungwa. Kune PHP pane PThreads module inobvumidza iwe kuti uite chaiyo multithreading, kunyangwe zvaida huwandu hwakaringana hwekufunga kumisa izvi paPHP 7.2, asi zvakaitwa. Port scanning uye ping ikozvino inokurumidza. Uye pachinzvimbo chekuti, semuenzaniso, masekonzi gumi nemashanu pamakumbo apfuura, maitiro aya akatanga kutora masekonzi maviri. Yakanga iri mubairo wakanaka.
Kuongorora nekukurumidza kwemakambani matsva
Iko kushanda kwekuunganidza kwakasiyana metrics uye hardware maitiro kwakauya sei? Zviri nyore. Dzimwe nguva isu tinongorairwa kuti tiongorore yazvino IT zvivakwa. Zvakanaka, chinhu chimwe chete chakakosha kukurumidza kuongororwa kwemutengi mutsva. Taida chimwe chinhu chaizotibvumira kuuya kukambani yepakati kana yakakura uye nekukurumidza kuziva zvavanazvo. Mukuona kwangu, ping pane network yemukati inovharwa chete neavo vanoda kuomesa hupenyu hwavo, uye mune yedu ruzivo kune vashoma vavo. Asi kunewo vanhu vakadaro. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iwe unogona kukurumidza kuongorora network yekuvapo kwemidziyo ine nyore ping. Ipapo isu tinokwanisa kuvawedzera uye kuongorora madoko akavhurika anotifarira. Muchokwadi, kuita uku kwaitovepo; zvaingodikanwa kuwedzera murairo kubva pakati pesevha kuenda kumuranda mumwe kuitira kuti itarise ma network akatsanangurwa uye kuwedzera zvese zvayakawana kune iyo rondedzero. Ndakanganwa kutaura, zvaifungidzirwa kuti isu tatova nemufananidzo wakagadzirwa neyakagadzirirwa sisitimu (varanda yekutarisa server) yatinogona kungoburitsa kubva kumutengi panguva yekuongorora uye kuibatanidza kune yedu gore.
Asi mhedzisiro yekuongorora inowanzo sanganisira boka reruzivo rwakasiyana, uye imwe yacho ndeyemhando yemidziyo iri panetiweki. Chekutanga pane zvese, isu taifarira Windows maseva uye Windows workstations sechikamu chedomasi. Sezvo mumakambani ari pakati nepakati uye makuru kushaikwa kwedomasi kungangove kwakasiyana nemutemo. Kutaura mutauro mumwechete, avhareji, mumaonero angu, i100+ vanhu. Zvakanga zvakafanira kuunza nzira yekuunganidza data kubva kune ese maWindows mashini nemaseva, uchiziva yavo IP uye domain administrator account, asi pasina kuisa chero software pane yega yega. Iyo WMI interface inouya kununura. Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) zvinoreva Windows manejimendi maturusi. WMI ndeimwe yeakakosha matekinoroji epakati manejimendi uye yekutarisa mashandiro ezvikamu zvakasiyana zvekombuta zvivakwa zvinomhanyisa Windows chikuva. Yakatorwa kubva kuwiki. Tevere, ndaifanira kuita tinker zvakare kuitira kuunganidza wmic (uyu mutengi weWMI) weDebian. Mushure mekunge zvese zvagadzirwa, chaive chasara kungovhota manodhi anodiwa kuburikidza newmic kune ruzivo rwakakosha. Kuburikidza neWMI unogona kuwana chero ruzivo kubva kuWindows komputa, uyezve, iwe unogona zvakare kudzora komputa kuburikidza nayo, semuenzaniso, itumire kuti itangezve. Aya ndiwo maitiro akaunganidzwa eruzivo nezve Windows zviteshi uye maseva mune yedu sisitimu yakaonekwa. Pamusoro peizvi, pakanga paine ruzivo rwazvino nezve yazvino system mutoro zviratidzi. Isu tinovakumbira kakawanda, uye ruzivo rwe Hardware kazhinji. Mushure meizvi, kuongorora kwakava kunakidza zvishoma.
Sarudzo yekugovera software
Isu pachedu tinoshandisa sisitimu mazuva ese, uye inogara yakavhurika kune wese mushandi wehunyanzvi. Uye takafunga kuti taigona kugoverana navamwe zvatatova nazvo. Nzira yacho yakanga isati yagadzirira kugoverwa. Zvakawanda zvaifanira kugadzirwazve kuitira kuti vhezheni yeko ishanduke kuita SaaS. Izvi zvinosanganisira shanduko mune dzakasiyana siyana tekinoroji masystem (kure kubatana, sevhisi yekutsigira), kuongororwa kwemamodule ekupihwa rezenisi, sharding yevatengi dhatabhesi, kuwedzera kwesevhisi yega yega, uye kuvandudza otomatiki masisitimu ezvikamu zvese. Asi ichi chichava chikamu chechipiri chechinyorwa.
Update
Source: www.habr.com