Kambani yeURUS yakaedza Kubernetes nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana: kuendesa yakazvimirira pasimbi isina chinhu, muGoogle Cloud, ndokuzoendesa chikuva chayo kuMail.ru Cloud Solutions (MCS) gore. Igor Shishkin anotaura kuti vakasarudza sei mupi wegore mutsva uye kuti vakakwanisa sei kutamira kwairi mune rekodhi maawa maviri (), mukuru sisitimu maneja kuURUS.
Chii chinoita URUS?
Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekuvandudza kunaka kwenzvimbo yedhorobha, uye imwe yadzo ndeyekuita kuti ive nehushamwari. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo izvo URUS - Smart Digital Services kambani iri kushanda pairi. Pano ivo vanoita zvigadziriso zvinobatsira mabhizinesi kutarisa zvakakosha zviratidzi zvezvakatipoteredza uye kuderedza kukanganisa kwavo kunharaunda. Sensors inounganidza data pamusoro pekuumbwa kwemhepo, ruzha uye mamwe ma paramita, uye wozotumira kune yakabatana URUS-Ekomon chikuva chekuongorora uye kuita kurudziro.
Iyo URUS inoshanda sei kubva mukati
Akajairika mutengi weURUS ikambani iri mukati kana pedyo nenzvimbo yekugara. Iyi inogona kunge iri fekitori, chiteshi chengarava, chiteshi chechitima kana chero imwe nzvimbo. Kana mutengi wedu atogamuchira yambiro, akabhadhariswa faindi yekusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, kana achida kuita ruzha rushoma, kuderedza huwandu hwehutsi hunokuvadza, anouya kwatiri, uye isu tatomupa mhinduro yakagadzirira yekuongorora kwezvakatipoteredza.
Iyo H2S yekutarisa yekutarisa girafu inoratidza inogarobuda husiku kubva kuchirimwa chiri pedyo
Midziyo yatinoshandisa kuURUS ine akati wandei ma sensors anounganidza ruzivo nezve zviri mune mamwe magasi, ruzha mazinga uye imwe data yekuongorora mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza. Iyo chaiyo nhamba ye sensors inogara ichitemwa nebasa chairo.
Zvichienderana nezvakajeka zvezviyero, zvishandiso zvine ma sensors zvinogona kuwanikwa pamadziro ezvivakwa, mapango uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzinopokana. Imwe neimwe mudziyo wakadaro inounganidza ruzivo, inoiunganidza uye inotumira kune iyo data inogamuchira gedhi. Ikoko isu tinochengetedza iyo data yekuchengetedza kwenguva refu uye pre-igadzirise iyo inotevera kuongororwa. Muenzaniso wakapfava wezvatinowana semhedzisiro yekuongorora indekisi yemhando yemhepo, inozivikanwawo seAQI.
Mukufanana, mamwe akawanda masevhisi anoshanda papuratifomu yedu, asi iwo akanyanya emhando yebasa. Semuenzaniso, sevhisi yekuzivisa inotumira zviziviso kune vatengi kana chero yeanotariswa paramita (semuenzaniso, CO2 yemukati) inodarika kukosha kunobvumidzwa.
Machengetero atinoita data. Nyaya yeKubernetes pasimbi isina chinhu
Iyo URUS yekuongorora nharaunda chirongwa ine akati wandei matura data. Mune imwe tinochengeta "raw" data - izvo zvatakagamuchira zvakananga kubva kumidziyo pachayo. Iyi yekuchengetedza i "magnetic" tepi, sepamatepi ekare emakaseti, ane nhoroondo yezviratidzo zvose. Rudzi rwechipiri rwekuchengetera runoshandiswa kune yakafanorongedzerwa data - data kubva kumidziyo, yakafumiswa nemetadata pamusoro pekubatana pakati pe sensors uye kuverenga kwemidziyo pachayo, kushamwaridzana nemasangano, nzvimbo, nezvimwe. Ruzivo urwu rwunokutendera kuti uongorore zvine simba kuti chimwe chiratidzo chakaita sei. zvakachinja pane imwe nhambo yenguva . Isu tinoshandisa iyo "mbishi" yekuchengetedza data, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, se backup uye kudzoreredza data rakafanorongerwa, kana kudiwa kwakadaro kuchimuka.
Pataitsvaga kugadzirisa dambudziko redu rekuchengetedza makore akati wandei apfuura, takanga tine sarudzo mbiri dzepuratifomu: Kubernetes uye OpenStack. Asi sezvo iyo yekupedzisira ichitaridzika zvakanyanya kutyisa (ingotarisa mavakirwo ayo kuti uve nechokwadi neizvi), isu takagara paKubernetes. Imwe nharo mukufarira kwayo yaive iri nyore kutonga software, kugona kuchinjika kucheka kunyange hardware node zvinoenderana nezviwanikwa.
Zvichienderana nekugona Kubernetes pachayo, isu takadzidzawo nzira dzekuchengeta data, isu tichichengeta zvese zvedu zvakachengetwa muKubernetes pane yedu hardware, takawana hunyanzvi hwepamusoro. Zvese zvataive tagara paKubernetes: statefull storage, monitoring system, CI/CD. Kubernetes yave yese-mu-imwe chikuva kwatiri.
Asi isu taida kushanda naKubernetes sevhisi, uye kwete kuita mutsigiro nekusimudzira kwayo. Uyezve, takanga tisingadi kuti zvakatidhurira marii kuichengeta pasimbi isina chinhu, uye taida kuvandudzwa nguva dzose! Semuenzaniso, rimwe remabasa ekutanga raive rekubatanidza Kubernetes Ingress controllers mune network network yesangano redu. Iri ibasa rinorema, kunyanya tichifunga kuti panguva iyoyo hapana chaive chakagadzirira hurongwa hwekugadzirisa zviwanikwa zvakaita seDNS marekodhi kana kugoverwa kwekero dzeIP. Gare gare takatanga kuedza nekunze kwekuchengetedza data. Hatina kumbosvika pakuita iyo PVC controller, asi kunyangwe ipapo zvakava pachena kuti iyi yaive nzvimbo yakakura yebasa yaida nyanzvi dzakazvipira.
Kuchinjira kuGoogle Cloud Platform imhinduro yechinguvana
Takaona kuti izvi hazvaigona kuenderera, uye takatamisa data redu kubva kusimbi isina chinhu kuenda kuGoogle Cloud Platform. Muchokwadi, panguva iyoyo pakanga pasina sarudzo dzakawanda dzinonakidza dzekambani yeRussia: kunze kweGoogle Cloud Platform, Amazon chete yaipa sevhisi yakafanana, asi isu takagara pamhinduro kubva kuGoogle. Zvino zvaitaridza kwatiri zvakanyanya kuita pundutso, padhuze neKumusoro, tisingataure chokwadi chekuti Google pachayo imhando yePoC Kubernetes muKugadzira.
Dambudziko guru rekutanga rakaonekwa pakatarisana nekukura kwevatengi vedu. Pataive nechido chekuchengeta data remunhu, takatarisana nesarudzo: ingave tinoshanda neGoogle uye tichityora mitemo yeRussia, kana isu tiri kutsvaga imwe nzira muRussian Federation. Sarudzo, pane zvese, yaive yekufungidzira. π
Maonero atakaita iyo yakakodzera cloud service
Nekutanga kwekutsvaga, takanga tatoziva zvataida kuwana kubva kune ramangwana remupi wefu. Tanga tichitsvaga sevhisi:
- Inokurumidza uye inoshanduka. Zvekuti isu tinokwanisa kukurumidza kuwedzera node nyowani kana kuendesa chimwe chinhu chero nguva.
- Kuchipa. Tainetseka chaizvo nenyaya yemari, sezvo taiva tisina mari. Isu taitoziva kuti taida kushanda naKubernetes, uye ikozvino basa raive rekudzikisa mutengo waro kuitira kuti tiwedzere kana kuti tichengetedze kugona kwekushandisa iyi mhinduro.
- automated. Isu takaronga kushanda nesevhisi kuburikidza neAPI, pasina mamaneja uye nharembozha kana mamiriro atinofanirwa kusimudza akati wandei nodhi mune emergency mode. Sezvo mazhinji emaitiro edu ari otomatiki, isu taitarisira zvakafanana kubva kune gore sevhisi.
- Nemaseva muRussian Federation. Ehe, takaronga kutevedzera mutemo weRussia uye iyo yakafanana 152-FZ.
Panguva iyoyo, pakanga paine vashoma Kubernetes aaS vanopa muRussia, uye pakusarudza mupi, zvaive zvakakosha kuti isu tisakanganise zvatinokoshesa. Chikwata cheMail.ru Cloud Solutions, chatakatanga kushanda nacho uye tichiri kushandira pamwe, chakatipa sevhisi yakazara otomatiki, nerutsigiro rweAPI uye nepaneru yekudzora iri nyore inosanganisira Horizon - nayo tinogona kukurumidza kusimudza nhamba isingaverengeki yemanode.
Takakwanisa sei kutamira kuMCS mumaawa maviri
Mumafambiro akadai, makambani mazhinji anotarisana nematambudziko uye zvipingamupinyi, asi kwatiri pakanga pasina. Isu takanga tine rombo rakanaka: sezvo takanga tave kushanda paKubernetes kutama kusati kwatanga, takangogadzirisa mafaera matatu tikatanga masevhisi edu papuratifomu yegore, MCS. Rega ndikuyeuchidze kuti panguva iyoyo takanga tasiya simbi isina chinhu uye tichigara paGoogle Cloud Platform. Naizvozvo, kufamba kwacho pachako hakuna kutora anopfuura maawa maviri, uye imwe nguva yakati wandei (inenge awa) yakashandiswa kukopa data kubva kumidziyo yedu. Kare ikako taive tatoshandisa Spinnaker (yakawanda-makore CD sevhisi yekupa Continous Delivery). Takakurumidza kuiwedzerawo kuboka idzva ndokupfuurira kushanda senguva dzose.
Kutenda kune otomatiki maitiro ebudiriro uye CI/CD, Kubernetes kuURUS inobatwa neimwe nyanzvi (uye ndini). Pane imwe nguva, mumwe maneja wehurongwa akashanda neni, asi zvakazoitika kuti isu takange tatoita otomatiki ese makuru maitiro uye pakanga paine mabasa akawanda uye akawanda pachikamu chechigadzirwa chedu chikuru uye zvine musoro kutungamira zviwanikwa kune izvi.
Takagamuchira zvataitarisira kubva kumupi wegore, sezvo takatanga kushanda pamwe pasina fungidziro. Kana paine zviitiko, zvaive zvakanyanya zvehunyanzvi uye izvo zvinogona kutsanangurwa zviri nyore nehutsva hwesevhisi. Chinhu chikuru ndechokuti boka reMCS rinokurumidza kubvisa zvikanganiso uye rinokurumidza kupindura mibvunzo muvatumwa.
Kana ndikaenzanisa ruzivo rwangu neGoogle Cloud Platform, mune yavo ini ndakanga ndisingatomboziva kuti bhatani remhinduro raive kupi, sezvo pakanga pasina kudiwa kwaro. Uye kana paine matambudziko akaitika, Google pachayo yakatumira zviziviso unilaterally. Asi munyaya yeMCS, ndinofunga kuti mukana mukuru ndewekuti ivo vari pedyo sezvinobvira kune vatengi veRussia - zvose munzvimbo uye mupfungwa.
Maonero atinoita kushanda nemakore mune ramangwana
Iye zvino basa redu rakanyatsobatanidzwa neKubernetes, uye rinonyatsotikodzera isu kubva pakuona kwemabasa ezvivakwa. Naizvozvo, isu hatironge kutama kubva kwairi chero kupi zvako, kunyangwe isu tichigara tichiunza maitiro matsva uye masevhisi kurerutsa mabasa enguva dzose uye otomatiki matsva, kuwedzera kugadzikana uye kuvimbika kwesevhisi ... Isu tiri kutanga iyo Chaos Monkey service (kunyanya , tinoshandisa chaoskube, asi izvi hazvichinje pfungwa: ), iyo yakatanga kugadzirwa neNetflix. Chaos Tsoko inoita chinhu chimwe chete chakareruka: inodzima isina kurongeka Kubernetes pod panguva isina kujairika. Izvi zvakakosha kuti sevhisi yedu irarame zvakajairwa nehuwandu hwezviitiko n-1, saka tinozvidzidzisa kugadzirira chero matambudziko.
Ikozvino ini ndoona kushandiswa kwechitatu-bato mhinduro - iwo akafanana gore mapuratifomu - sechinhu chega chakakodzera kumakambani madiki. Kazhinji, pakutanga kwerwendo rwavo, ivo vanogumira mune zviwanikwa, zvese zvevanhu uye zvemari, uye kuvaka nekuchengetedza yavo yegore kana data data inodhura zvakanyanya uye inobata basa. Cloud vanopa vanokutendera kuti udzikise mitengo iyi; iwe unogona kukurumidza kuwana kubva kwavari zviwanikwa zvinodiwa pakushanda kwemasevhisi pano uye izvozvi, uye bhadhara izvi zviwanikwa mushure mechokwadi. Kana iri kambani yeURUS, isu ticharamba takatendeka kuKubernetes mugore ikozvino. Asi ndiani anoziva, tingangofanira kuwedzera nharaunda, kana kuita zvigadziriso zvichibva pane imwe midziyo chaiyo. Kana kuti pamwe huwandu hwezviwanikwa zvinopedzwa hucharuramisa yako Kubernetes pane isina-simbi, senge mumazuva akanaka ekare. π
Zvatakadzidza kubva mukushanda ne cloud services
Takatanga kushandisa Kubernetes pasimbi isina chinhu, uye kunyangwe ipapo yaive yakanaka nenzira yayo. Asi simba rayo rakaratidzwa chaizvo sechikamu cheaS chiri mugore. Kana iwe ukamisa chinangwa uye neatomatiki zvese zvakanyanya sezvinobvira, iwe unozogona kudzivirira kukiya-mukati kwevatengesi uye kufamba pakati pevanopa makore kunotora maawa akati wandei, uye masero etsinga acharamba ainesu. Tinogona kuraira mamwe makambani: kana iwe uchida kuvhura yako (gore) sevhisi, uine zviwanikwa zvishoma uye yakanyanya kumhanyisa kusimudzira, tanga izvozvi nekuhaya zviwanikwa zvegore, uye kuvaka yako data data mushure mekunge Forbes yanyora nezvako.
Source: www.habr.com