Mugore rose, vanhu vekuRussia vanogara vachienda kuzororo - New Year mazororo, May mazororo uye mamwe mapfupi ekupera kwevhiki. Uye ino ndiyo nguva yechinyakare ye serial marathons, kutenga zvega uye kutengesa paSteam. Munguva yepamberi yezororo, makambani ekutengesa uye ekutakura zvinhu ari pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakawedzera: vanhu vanoodha zvipo kubva kuzvitoro zvepamhepo, kubhadhara kwavo kuendesa, kutenga matikiti enzendo, uye kutaurirana. Makarenda epamusoro ari kudiwa zvakare muyedzo wakanaka wekushushikana wemabhaisikopo epamhepo, emitambo portals, vhidhiyo yekutambira uye kutepfenyura mimhanzi masevhisi - vese vanoshanda kune miganhu yavo panguva yezororo.
Isu tichakuudza maitiro ekuona kusakanganiswa kuwanikwa kwezvinhu uchishandisa muenzaniso weOkko online cinema, iyo inovimba nesimba reLinxdatacenter data center.
Pakutanga, mukupindura kuwedzera kwemwaka mukushandiswa, mimwe michina yakatengwa kuti iendeswe munharaunda, uye "nenzvimbo yekuchengetera." Zvisinei, apo "Nguva H" yakasvika, kazhinji zvakazoitika kuti makambani aisakwanisa kana kuti akanga asina nguva yekutarisana nekugadzirisa kwakarurama kwemaseva uye maitiro ekuchengetedza ega. Zvakanga zvisingagoneki kugadzirisa matambudziko aya sezvo mamiriro ezvinhu echimbichimbi akasimuka. Mushure mechinguva, kunzwisisa kwakauya: nhongonya mukudiwa kwezvinyorwa uye masevhisi epamhepo anobatwa zvakakwana nerubatsiro rwechitatu-bato zviwanikwa, izvo zvinogona kutengwa uchishandisa yekubhadhara-se-iwe-kuenda modhi - kubhadhara kweiyo chaiyo vhoriyamu inopedzwa.
Nhasi, anenge makambani ese anofanoona kuwedzera kwekuda kwezviwanikwa panguva yezororo (iyo inonzi kuputika) inoronga mberi kwekuwedzera kwenzira yekutaurirana. Iwo makambani anotumira maapplication uye dhatabhesi pane data center zviwanikwa anowedzera komputa simba mumakore panguva yezororo repamusoro, nekuwedzera kuodha anodiwa chaiwo michina, kuchengetedza, nezvimwe kubva kunzvimbo dzedata.
Nzira yekusapotsa chiratidzo mukuverenga
Kugadzirira mitoro yepamusoro, basa rakarongeka pakati pemupi nemutengi rakakosha. Mapoinzi makuru mubasa iri anosanganisira kufanotaura kwakaringana kwekukwira kwemutoro maererano nenguva uye vhoriyamu, kunyatsoronga uye kunaka kwekudyidzana nevanoshanda navo mukati me data data, pamwe nechikwata chenyanzvi dzeIT padivi revanopa zvemukati.
Mhinduro dzinoverengeka dzinobatsira kuronga kukurumidza kugoverwa kwezviwanikwa zvinodikanwa kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti chikamu chitsva chewaunofarira TV nhepfenyuro hachiomese pachiratidziro chehwendefa rako.
- Chekutanga, aya ndiwo anoremedza basa: idzi isoftware mhinduro dzinonyatso tarisisa huwandu hwekuremerwa kwemaseva, masisitimu ekuchengetedza uye network, zvichikubvumidza iwe kukwidziridza mashandiro ega yega sisitimu yebasa riripo. Balancers vanoongorora chiyero chekuwanikwa kwezvose zviri zviviri hardware uye chaiwo michina, kudzivirira maitiro ehurongwa kubva pakubayira kune rumwe rutivi, uye kudzivirira zvivakwa kubva "kupisa" uye kuderera, kune rimwe divi. Nenzira iyi, imwe nhanho yezviwanikwa zvekuchengetedza inochengetedzwa, iyo inogona kukurumidza kuendeswa kugadzirisa matambudziko nekukurumidza (kusvetuka kwakapinza mukukumbira kune portal ine vhidhiyo yemukati, kuwedzera kwemirairo yechimwe chigadzirwa, nezvimwewo).
- Chechipiri, CDN. Iyi tekinoroji inobvumira vashandisi kugashira zvemukati kubva kune portal pasina kunonoka kunonoka nekuwana kubva kunzvimbo yenzvimbo iri padyo nemushandisi. Pamusoro pezvo, CDN inobvisa kukanganisa kunokanganisa mafambiro ekutapurirana kwetraffic kunokonzerwa nekusangana kwechiteshi, mabhureki ekubatanidza, kurasikirwa kwepakeji pamagetsi echiteshi, nezvimwe.
Wese-anoona Okko
Ngatitarisei muenzaniso weOkko online cinema inogadzirira mazororo, tichishandisa nzvimbo dzedu muMoscow neSt.
Sekureva kwaAlexey Golubev, mutungamiriri wehunyanzvi weOkko, mukambani, kuwedzera kuzororo rekarenda (mwaka wepamusoro), pane nguva dzekuburitswa kwemafirimu makuru kubva kune makuru makuru anoburitswa:
βGore rega rega munguva yezororo, huwandu hwemotokari yeOkko hunowedzera zvakapetwa kaviri kana zvichienzaniswa negore rapfuura. Saka, kana mwaka wekupedzisira weGore Idzva huwandu hwepamusoro hwepamusoro hwakanga huri 80 Gbit / s, zvino muna 2018/19 taitarisira 160 - kuwedzera kwechinyakare kaviri. Zvisinei, takagamuchira anopfuura 200 Gbit/s!β
Okko anogara achigadzirira peak load zvishoma nezvishoma, gore rose, sechikamu chepurojekiti inonzi "New Year". Pakutanga, Okko aishandisa zvivakwa zvake; kambani ine yayo yemukati yekuburitsa cluster, pane yayo hardware uye nesoftware yayo. Mukufamba kwegore, Okko tekinoroji nyanzvi zvishoma nezvishoma dzakatenga maseva matsva uye vakawedzera mabudiro eboka ravo, vachitarisira kupeta kaviri kwekukura kwegore. Pamusoro pezvo, uplinks nyowani nevashandisi zvakabatanidzwa - mukuwedzera kune vakakura vatambi vakaita seRostelecom, Megafon neMTS, mapoinzi ekuchinjana traffic uye madiki maoperator akabatanidzwa zvakare. Iyi nzira yakaita kuti zvikwanise kuendesa sevhisi kune huwandu hwepamusoro hwevatengi vachishandisa nzira ipfupi.
Gore rakapera, mushure mekuongorora mari yezvigadzirwa, mari yebasa yekuwedzera uye kuienzanisa nemutengo wekushandisa maCDN echitatu, Okko akaziva kuti yakanga yava nguva yekuedza hybrid distribution model. Kutevera kukura kaviri panguva yezororo reGore Idzva, kune kuderera kwetraffic, uye Kukadzi ndiyo yakaderera mwaka. Uye zvinoitika kuti midziyo yako haina basa panguva ino. Nezhizha, kuderera kunoderedzwa, uye nemwaka wekuvhuvhuta kusimuka kutsva kunotanga. Nokudaro, mukugadzirira 2019 itsva, Okko akatora nzira yakasiyana: vakashandura software yavo kuti ikwanise kugovera mutoro kwete ivo chete, asiwo kune ekunze maCDN (Content Delivery Network). MaCDN maviri akadaro akabatana, umo traffic yakawandisa "yakabatanidzwa". Iyo yemukati bandwidth yeOkko's IT infrastructure yakagadzirira kutsungirira kukura kwakafanana kaviri, asi kana pakange paine kuwandisa kwezviwanikwa, maCDN emubatanidzwa akagadzirirwa.
"Sarudzo yekusawedzera CDN yayo yakachengetedza Okko inosvika makumi maviri muzana yebhajeti rekugovera muCAPEX. Uyezve, kambani yakachengetedza mwedzi yakati wandei nekuchinja basa rekumisikidza michina pamapfudzi emumwe wake. " - Alexey Golubev zvakataurwa.
Chikamu chekugovera (mukati CDN) muOkko chinoshandiswa panzvimbo mbiri dzeLinxdatacenter muMoscow neSt. Full mirroring yezvose zvirimo uye caching yayo (kugovera node) inopihwa. Saizvozvo, iyo Moscow data center inobata Moscow uye akati wandei matunhu eRussia, uye St. Petersburg data center inobata iyo North-West nedzimwe nyika. Kuenzanisa kunoitika kwete chete padunhu, asi zvakare zvichienderana nekuremerwa pane node mune imwe nzvimbo yedata; kuvapo kwemufirimu mune cache uye akati wandei ezvimwe zvinhu zvinotariswa zvakare.
Iyo yakakurisa sevhisi yekuvaka inotaridzika seizvi mudhayagiramu:
Panyama, sevhisi uye kusimudzira kwechigadzirwa kutsigirwa kunosanganisira anenge gumi racks muSt. Petersburg uye akati wandei racks muMoscow. Kune mashoma gumi nemaviri maseva ekuona uye anenge mazana maviri e "hardware" maseva ezvimwe zvese - kugovera, kutsigirwa kwesevhisi uye hofisi yega zvivakwa. Kudyidzana kwemupi wemukati neiyo data data panguva yepamusoro-soro nguva haina kusiyana nebasa razvino. Kukurukurirana kwose kunogumira kuchikumbiro kune basa rekutsigira, uye kana pane dambudziko, nekufona.
Nhasi, isu tave pedyo kupfuura nakare kose kune chokwadi 100% isina kukanganiswa online zvemukati mashandisiro mamiriro, sezvo ese matekinoroji anodiwa kune izvi atovepo. Iko kuvandudza kwekutepfenyura online kuri kuitika nekukurumidza. Kuzivikanwa kwemhando dzepamutemo dzekushandisa zviri kukura: vashandisi veRussia zvishoma nezvishoma vanotanga kujaira kuti ivo vanofanirwa kubhadhara kune zvirimo. Zvakare, kwete zvemabhaisikopo chete, asiwo zvemimhanzi, mabhuku, uye zvedzidzo zvepaInternet. Uye mune izvi, kuendeswa kwezvakasiyana-siyana zvemukati uye nekuderera kwetiweki kunonoka ndiyo inonyanya kukosha chiyero mukushanda kwemasevhisi epamhepo. Uye basa redu, semupi webasa, ndere kusangana nezvido zvezviwanikwa nenguva uye nematura.
Source: www.habr.com