Mhoroi mose. Sezvatakavimbisa, tiri kunyudza vaverengi veHabr mune ruzivo rwekugadzirwa kweRussia hardware mapuratifomu eAerodisk Vostok kuchengetedza masisitimu paElbrus processors. Muchikamu chino tichatsanangura danho nedanho kugadzirwa kweYakhont-UVM E124 papuratifomu, iyo inobata zvakanaka 5 disks muzvikamu zvishanu, inogona kushanda patembiricha ye +124 degrees Celsius, uye panguva imwe chete haishande chete, asi inoshanda. zvakanaka.
Isu tiri kurongawo webinar pa05.06.2020/XNUMX/XNUMX, apo isu tichataura zvakadzama nezve tekinoroji nuances yeVostok yekuchengetedza system kugadzirwa uye kupindura chero mibvunzo. Unogona kunyoresa kune webinar uchishandisa chinongedzo:
Saka ngatiende!
Usati wanyura muhurongwa huri kurongwa izvozvi, nhoroondo shoma kubva makore maviri apfuura. Panguva yekuvandudzwa kwemapuratifomu anotsanangurwa munyaya ino yakatanga, mamiriro ekugadzirwa kwavo aive, kuisa zvinyoro, zvisipo. Pane zvikonzero zveizvi, zvinozivikanwa kumunhu wese: kugadzirwa kwakawanda (kureva kugadzirwa, kwete kubatanidzazve zvimiti) zvemapuratifomu evhavha muRussia aive asipo sekirasi. Paive nemafekitari akaparadzana aikwanisa kugadzira zvikamu zvega, asi nenzira yakashomeka uye kazhinji zvichibva pamatekinoroji echinyakare. Naizvozvo, isu taifanira kutanga "kubva pakutanga" uye panguva imwecheteyo kusimudza kugadzirwa kwesevha mhinduro muRussia kusvika padanho idzva.
Saka, maitiro ekugadzirwa chero kupi zvako kunotanga nechinodiwa, icho chinozoshandurwa kuita zvinodiwa. Zvido zvakadaro zvinotanga kuumbwa nevagadziri veNORSI-TRANS muNizhny Novgorod. Zvinodiwa, hongu, hazvibviswi mumhepo yakaonda, asi kubva kune zvinodiwa nevatengi. Iri harisati riri basa rehunyanzvi, sezvo ringaite senge zvisirizvo. Padanho rezvakawanda zvinodiwa, hazvibviri kuita yakazara-yakazara tekinoroji yakatarwa, sezvo kune akawanda akawandisa asingazivikanwe mamiriro ekugadzirwa.
Kuvandudzwa kwechinangwa modhi: kubva pane zano kuenda kukuita
Mushure mekunge zvinodikanwa zvakajairika zvagadzirwa, kusarudzwa kweiyo element base kunotanga. Kubva paruzivo rwenhoroondo zvinotevera kuti element base haipo, kureva kuti, inofanirwa kugadzirwa.
Kuti uite izvi, sampu yekutyaira inounganidzwa kubva kune inowanikwa pamusika wakavhurika, iyo inenge yakati fanane neinotarirwa. Tevere, bvunzo dzakajairwa dzemuenzaniso uyu dzinoitwa kuti dzione kushanda kwayo. Kana zvinhu zvose zvakanaka, saka danho rinotevera nderekuumba iyo inotarirwa modhi (2D uye 3D).
Ipapo kutsvaga kunotanga mabhizinesi eRussia akagadzirira kutanga kugadzirwa kwemutyairi uyu.Vagadziri vanoita shanduko dzinodiwa kune chimwe nechimwe chezvinhu zvechigadzirwa, zvichienderana nekugona kwerimwe bhizinesi.
Munguva yekugadzira maitiro, kugadziridzwa kunodiwa kune chimwe nechimwe chezvinhu zvechigadzirwa kunoitwa. Semuenzaniso, uchishanda neiyo prototype, classic 12G SAS vawedzeredzi vane nhamba huru yewaya yakashandiswa (yakakura kwazvo, yakapihwa nhamba yemadhisiki). Haisi yakachipa, haina kukanganisa kune imwe puratifomu, uyezve, vawedzereri vemuvengi ndevekunze. Asi iyi imhinduro yenguva pfupi kuitira kuti uedze sampuli seyakazara uye uenderere mberi kune inotevera nhanho. Nekudaro, haina kukodzera kushandisa SAS vawedzeredzi veiyo yekupedzisira vhezheni pane chaiyo server chikuva.
Hatidi vanowedzera muvengi, tichagadzira yedu yekumashure neblackjack uye sh ...
Tichifunga nezvezvirongwa zveramangwana zvemavhoriyamu ekugadzira (zviuru zvemaseva), zvakasarudzwa kusimudzira chigadzirwa ichi (uye, zvechokwadi, kune vanozotevera) yedu yega SAS backplane, iyo inoshanda zvakanyanya kupfuura yekuwedzeredza maererano nemhinduro iyi. . Dhizaini uye hurongwa hweiyo backplane inoitwa nechikwata chimwechete chevagadziri, uye kugadzirwa kwemabhodhi kunoitwa paMicrolit chirimwa mudunhu reMoscow (tinovimbisa imwe nyaya yakaparadzana nezve chirimwa ichi uye kuti mamaboards eElbrus processors akaitwa sei. rakadhindwa ipapo).
Nenzira, heino prototype yayo yekutanga, ikozvino inotaridzika zvakasiyana zvachose.
Uye pano vari kuzvironga
Chokwadi chinonakidza: pakatanga kuvandudzwa kweiyo backplane, uye vagadziri vakatendeukira kumugadziri weSAS3 chip kune referensi board dhizaini, zvakazoitika kuti hapana kana kambani imwe muEurope yaiziva nzira yekugadzira yavo yekumashure. Kare, paiva neFujitsu-Siemens joint venture, asi mushure mokunge Siemens Nixdorf Informations systeme AG yakasiya mubatanidzwa uye kuvharwa kwakakwana kwedhipatimendi remakombiyuta pa Siemens, kukwanisa munzvimbo iyi muEurope kwakarasika.
Naizvozvo, mugadziri we chip pakutanga haana kutora zvakakomba kuvandudzwa kweNORSI-TRANS, izvo zvakakonzera kunonoka mukugadzirwa kwekupedzisira dhizaini. Ichokwadi, gare gare, apo kukomba kwezvinangwa uye kugona kwekambani yeNORSI-TRANS kwakava pachena, uye ndege yekumashure yakagadziridzwa uye yakadhindwa, maitiro ake akachinja kuti ave nani.
Nzira yekutonhodza 124 disks uye sevha muzvikamu zvishanu, uye ugare uri mupenyu?
Paive nekutsvaga kwakasiyana nechikafu nekutonhodza. Ichokwadi ndechokuti, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa, E124 platform inofanira kushanda pakupisa kwe30 degrees Celsius, uye ikoko, kweminiti, 124 yakanyatsopisa dhisiki yemadhisiki muzvikamu zvishanu uye, zvakare, motherboard ine processor (i.e. iyi haisi benzi JBOD, asi yakazara-yakazara yekuchengetedza system controller ine disks).
Zvekutonhodza (kunze kwevadiki mafeni mukati), isu takazofunga kushandisa mafeni matatu akakura zvakaringana kumashure kwekesi, imwe neimwe inopisa-inochinjika. Kune yakajairika mashandiro ehurongwa, maviri akakwana (tembiricha haichinji zvachose), saka unogona kuronga zvakachengeteka basa rekutsiva mafeni uye usafunga nezve tembiricha. Kana iwe ukadzima mafeni maviri (semuenzaniso, maererano nemutemo wehuipi, apo imwe ichitsiviwa, yechipiri yakaputsika), ipapo neimwe fan system inogonawo kushanda zvakajairika, asi tembiricha ichawedzera ne10-20%. muzana, izvo zvinogamuchirwa chero imwe chete imwe inoiswa fan munguva pfupi.
Iwo mafeni (senge angangoita zvimwe zvese) akazovewo akasiyana. Chikonzero chekusiyana kwaiva mari imwe chete. Mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, zvinogona kuitika kuti vatevedzeri, panzvimbo yekusveta mhepo, vachifuridzira nyaya yacho yose kubva mukati, vanogona kutanga kuisveta mukati, uye ipapo "goodbye", ndiko kuti, chikuva chichakurumidza kupisa. Naizvozvo, kuitira kudzivirira dambudziko rakadaro, shanduko dzakaitwa kune fan dhizaini uye isu takawedzera yedu "kuziva-sei" - cheki valve. Iyi cheki vharuvhu yakadzikama inobvumira mhepo kuti ibudiswe kunze kwepuratifomu, asi panguva imwechete inovhara mukana chaiwo wekusveta mweya kumashure chero zvakadaro.
Padanho rekutyaira iyo yekutonhodza sisitimu, pakanga paine kukundikana kwakawanda, zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvehurongwa zvakapisa nekupisa, asi pakupedzisira, vagadziri vepuratifomu vakakwanisa kuwana kutonhora kuri nani kupfuura kunyange makwikwi ane mukurumbira pasi rose.
"Kudya hakugone kutyorwa."
Yakanga iri nyaya yakafanana nemagetsi emagetsi, i.e. dzakagadzirwa zvakanangana nepuratifomu iyi uye chikonzero chiri banal. Chikwata chega chega imari yakawanda, ndicho chikonzero chikuva chakanyanya-dense chakagadzirwa uye, kana ndisingakanganise (chakarurama mumashoko kana ndakanganisa), iyi inhoroondo yenyika kusvika zvino, nokuti. Iko hakuna maseva kana maJBOD ane nhamba huru yemadhisiki emayuniti mashanu parizvino.
Nokudaro, kuitira kupa simba kupuratifomu uye panguva imwe chete kuronga kukwanisa kutsiva magetsi nenzira yakajairika, simba rose rezvikamu zvinoshanda zvaifanira kuva 4 kilowatts (zvechokwadi, hapana mhinduro dzakadaro pa musika), saka ivo vakaitwa kurongeka nekutangwa kwemutsara wekugadzira wehuwandu hwekugadzira (Rega ndikuyeuchidze kuti kune zvirongwa zvezviuru zvemaseva akadaro).
Sekutaura kwakaita mumwe wevagadziri vepuratifomu, "Mafirita pano akafanana nemushini wewelding - izvi hazvisi zvekunakidzwa :-)"
Munguva yekugadzira, zvaigonekawo kushandisa simba rekushandisa kwete chete pa220V, asiwo pa48V, i.e. muOPC architecture, iyo ikozvino yakakosha kune telecom operators uye nzvimbo huru dzedata.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, mhinduro ine simba rekupa inodzokorora iyo logic yemhinduro nekutonhodza; chikuva chinogona kushanda zvakanaka nemagetsi maviri, izvo zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kuita basa rekutsiva semazuva ese. Kana pane chiitiko chetsaona pane imwe chete yemagetsi yemagetsi yakasara kunze kwevatatu, ichakwanisa kuburitsa basa repuratifomu pamutoro wepamusoro, asi, chokwadi, hazvibviri kusiya chikuva mune iyi fomu. kwenguva refu.
Metal nepurasitiki: hazvisi zvese zviri nyore, zvinobuda.
Kune akawanda nuances muplatform yekuvandudza maitiro. Mamiriro akafanana akaitika kwete chete nemagetsi emagetsi (risimu, backplanes, mamaboards, nezvimwewo), asiwo nesimbi yakajairwa nepurasitiki: semuenzaniso, nekesi, njanji, uye kunyange dhisiki zvingoro.
Zvingaita sekuti hapafanirwe kuve nezvinetso nemuviri uye zvimwe zvidiki zvishoma zvechikuva. Asi mukuita zvinhu zvose zvakasiyana. Vagadziri vepuratifomu pavakatanga kusvika kune akasiyana mafekitori eRussia ane zvinodiwa zvekugadzira, zvakazoitika kuti mazhinji acho aishanda achishandisa nzira dzisiri dzemazuva ano, izvo zvakazokanganisa kunaka uye huwandu hwezvigadzirwa.
Mhedzisiro yekutanga yekugadzirwa kwemakesi yakave simbiso yeizvi. Geometry isina kururama, rough welds, maburi asina kururama uye mari yakafanana yakaita kuti chigadzirwa chive chisina kukodzera kushandiswa.
Mazhinji emafekitori anogona kuita masevha kesi akashanda ipapo (rega ndikuyeuchidze kuti ne "ipapo" tinoreva makore maviri apfuura) "nzira yechinyakare," kureva kuti, vakagadzira zvinyorwa zvemadhizaini, zvinoenderana nazvo. opareta nemaoko akagadzirisa kushanda kwemichina, zvakare kazhinji pachinzvimbo cherivets simbi welding yakashandiswa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo yakaderera dhigirii ye otomatiki, chinhu chemunhu uye yakawandisa bureaucratization yekugadzira yakabereka michero. Zvakazotora nguva refu, zvakaipa uye zvinodhura.
Tinofanira kubhadhara mutero kumafekitari: mazhinji acho akavandudza kugadzirwa kwavo kubva panguva iyoyo. Isu takavandudza mhando yewelding, mastered riveting, uye zvakare kazhinji takatanga kushandisa komputa nhamba yekudzora nhamba (CNC) michina. Zvino, pachinzvimbo chematoni emagwaro, data yechigadzirwa inotakurwa zvakananga kubva ku3D uye 2D modhi muCNC.
CNC inoderedza kupindira kwemushandisi wemuchina mukugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa kusvika padiki, saka chinhu chemunhu hachichakanganisa hupenyu. Kunyanya kunetseka kwemushandisi ndiko kunyanya kugadzirira uye kwekupedzisira mashandiro: kuisirwa uye kubviswa kwechigadzirwa, kumisikidza maturusi, nezvimwe.
Kana zvikamu zvitsva zvaonekwa, kugadzira hakuchasvika pakumira; kuti uzvigadzire, zvakakwana kuita shanduko kuCNC software. Saizvozvo, nguva yekugadzirwa kwezvikamu zvezvirongwa zvitsva pamafekitari yakaderedzwa kubva pamwedzi kusvika kumavhiki, ari mashoko akanaka. Uye, chokwadi, kururama kwakawedzerawo zvikuru.
Motherboards uye processor: hapana dambudziko
processors uye mamaboards anouya seti kubva kufekitori. Kugadzirwa uku kwatove kwakanyatso kusimbiswa, saka NORSI inoita yakajairwa yekudzora yekupinza uye yekubuda kutonga pamwero wemapuratifomu apera.
Imwe neimwe seti yebhodhi raamai uye processor inoedzwa nesoftware inowanikwa kubva kuMCST.
Muchiitiko chemamwe matambudziko (ndinotenda Mwari, kune vashoma kwazvo vane bhodhi reamai uye processor), kune ketani inoshanda zvakanaka yekudzorera modules kumugadziri uye kuitsiva.
Gungano uye kutonga kwekupedzisira
Kuti balalaika yedu itange kutamba, chasara kuunganidza nekuiedza. Ikozvino kugadzirwa kuri parukova, iyo sisitimu yakaunganidzwa nenzira yakajairika muMoscow.
Imwe neimwe sisitimu inouya neboot SSDs (yeOS) uye yakazara spindle (ye data remangwana).
Mushure meizvi, kuyedzwa kwekuisa kunotanga kwese papuratifomu pachayo uye madhisiki akaiswa pairi. Kuti uite izvi, madhisiki ese ari muhurongwa anotakurwa neauto-bvunzo kweinenge awa.
Kuverenga otomatiki uye kunyora kunoitwa pane yega dhisiki, kurekodha kumhanya kwekuverenga, kukurumidza kunyora uye tembiricha yedhisiki imwe neimwe. Mune yakajairika mode, avhareji tembiricha inofanira kunge iri 30-35 madhigirii Celsius. Pakati pepamusoro, dhisiki yega yega inogona "bounce" kusvika ku40 degrees. Kana tembiricha yakakwira kana kumhanya kudonha pazasi pekuverenga-nyora zvikumbaridzo, dhisiki inoshanduka tsvuku uye inotadza kurambwa. Izvo zvikamu zvakapfuura bvunzo zvinoiswa mukati kuti zvishandiswe zvakare.
mhedziso
Pane ngano inotsigirwa nenhamba dzakasiyana-siyana kuti "muRussia havazivi kuita chero chinhu kunze kwepombi yepombi." Zvinosuruvarisa, ngano iyi inodya mumisoro yevanoremekedzwa uye vakangwara.
Munguva ichangopfuura imwe nyaya inoshamisa yakaitika kune wandaishanda naye. Akanga achityaira kubva kune imwe yezviratidziro zveVostok storage system uye iyi yekuchengetedza yakanga yakarara mumotokari yemotokari yake (kwete E124, zvechokwadi, iri nyore). Ari munzira, akabata mumwe wevamiriri vevatengi (munhu akakosha kwazvo, anoshanda munzvimbo yepamusoro mune imwe yemasangano ehurumende), uye mumotokari vaive nehurukuro inotevera:
Wandinoshanda naye "Isu tangoratidza sisitimu yekuchengetera paElbrus, mhedzisiro yaive yakanaka, munhu wese aifara, nenzira, iyi yekuchengetedza system ichabatsirawo kuindasitiri yako"
Mutengi: "Ndinoziva kuti une masisitimu ekuchengetera, asi rudzii rweElbrus yauri kutaura nezvayo?"
Wandinoshanda naye "Zvakanaka ... iyo Russian processor Elbrus, ivo vachangobva kuburitsa 8, maererano nekuita kwekuchengetedza masisitimu, isu, maererano, takagadzira mutsara mutsva wekuchengetedza masisitimu pairi, unonzi Vostok"
Mutengi: “Elbrus igomo! Uye usataure ngano nezve processor yeRussia munharaunda ine hunhu, izvi zvese zviri kuitwa kungotora mabhajeti, chokwadi hapana uye hapana chichaitika. "
Wandinoshanda naye "Pane zve? Zvakanaka here kuti iyi yekuchengetera system iri muhunde yangu? Ngatimirei izvozvi, ndichakuratidzai!”
Mutengi: "Zvakanaka kutambura nezvisina maturo, ngatienderere mberi, hapana" maRussia ekuchengetera masisitimu" - izvi hazvigoneke"
Panguva iyoyo, munhu anokosha akanga asingadi kunzwa chimwe chinhu pamusoro peElbrus. Zvechokwadi, gare gare, paakajekesa ruzivo, akabvuma kuti akanga asina kururama, asi zvakadaro, kusvikira pakupedzisira, haana kutenda muchokwadi chemashoko aya.
Muchokwadi, mushure mekudonha kweUSSR, nyika yedu yakamira mukugadzirwa kweiyo microelectronics. Chimwe chinhu chakatengeswa kunze uye chakabiwa kuti chibatsirwe nemakambani emunyika, chimwe chinhu chakabiwa nekambani yeko privatization, chimwe chinhu, chokwadi, chakaiswa mari, asi kunyanya kuti chibatsirwe nemakambani akafanana emunyika. Muti wakatemwa, asi mudzi wakaramba uripo.
Mushure memakore anoda kusvika makumi matatu ekunyengedza pamusoro penyaya "West ichatibatsira," zvave pachena kune anenge munhu wose kuti tinogona kuzvibatsira chete, saka tinofanira kudzorera kugadzirwa kwedu kwete mumunda we microelectronics chete, asi mumaindasitiri ose. .
Parizvino, mumamiriro ezvinhu edenda repasi rose mumamiriro ezvinhu apo maketani ekugadzirwa kwepasi rose akamira, zvave kutove pachena kuti kudzoreredzwa kwekugadzirwa kwenzvimbo hakusisiri kuvandudzwa kwemabhajeti, asi mamiriro ekupona kweRussia. nyika yakazvimirira.
Naizvozvo, isu ticharamba tichitsvaga nekushandisa midziyo yeRussia muhupenyu uye kukuudza nezve izvo makambani edu anombonyatsoita, matambudziko api avanosangana nawo uye ndeapi titanic kuedza kwavanoita kugadzirisa iwo.
Zvakaoma kutaura nezve ese maficha ekugadzira muchinyorwa chimwe, saka sebhonasi isu ticharonga hurukuro yepamhepo mune webinar fomati pane iyi nyaya. Pane ino webinar, tichataura zvakadzama uye nemavara akajeka nezve tekinoroji maficha ekugadzirwa kweYakhont mapuratifomu eVostok yekuchengetedza masisitimu uye tichapindura ese, kunyangwe yakanyanya kuoma, mibvunzo online.
Wedu interlocutor achave mumiriri wemugadziri wepuratifomu, NORSI-TRANS kambani. Iyo webinar ichaitika pa05.06.2020/XNUMX/XNUMX; avo vanoda kutora chikamu vanogona kunyoresa kuburikidza neiyi link: .
Tinokutendai mose, senguva dzose, tinotarisira mashoko anovaka.
Source: www.habr.com