Atime update inokanganisa mashandiro ehurongwa. Chii chiri kuitika ipapo uye zvekuita nezvazvo - verenga chinyorwa.
Pese pandinogadzirisa Linux pakombuta yangu yekumba, ndinofanira kugadzirisa mamwe matambudziko. Kwemakore, iyi yave tsika: Ini ndinodzosera mafaera angu, ndinopukuta sisitimu, ndinoisa zvese kubva pakutanga, ndinodzoreredza mafaera angu, ndozodzosera zvandinofarira maapplication. Iniwo ndinoshandura masisitimu ehurongwa kuti aenderane neni. Dzimwe nguva zvinotora nguva yakawandisa. Uye munguva pfupi yapfuura ndakashamisika kana ndaida iyi musoro.
nguva ndeimwe yeatatu timestamps emafaira muLinux (zvimwe pane izvi gare gare). Kunyanya, ndanga ndichinetseka kana richiri zano rakanaka kudzima atime pane azvino Linux masisitimu. Sezvo atime ichivandudzwa pese panowanikwa faira, ndakaona kuti ine chekuita nehurongwa hwekuita.
Ini nguva pfupi yadarika ndakasimudzira kuFedora 32 uye, kunze kwetsika, ndakatanga nekudzima nguva. Ndakafunga kuti: ndinoida here? Ndakasarudza kudzidza nyaya iyi uye izvi ndizvo zvandakachera.
Zvishoma nezve faira timestamps
Kuti uzvione, unofanirwa kutora nhanho kumashure uye uyeuke zvinhu zvishoma nezve Linux faira masisitimu uye kuti iyo kernel timestamps mafaera nemadhairekitori. Iwe unogona kuona yekupedzisira yakagadziridzwa zuva remafaira uye madhairekitori nekumhanyisa rairo ls -l (kureba) kana kungotarisa ruzivo pamusoro payo mune faira maneja. Asi kuseri kwezviitiko, iyo Linux kernel inochengeta akati wandei mastamps emafaira nemadhairekitori:
- Iyo faira yakapedzisira kugadziriswa riini (mtime)
- Ndeipi nguva yekupedzisira iyo faira zvivakwa uye metadata zvakachinjwa (ctime)
- Iyo faira yakapedzisira kuwanikwa riini (atime)
- Unogona kushandisa murairo Statkuona ruzivo nezve faira kana dhairekitori. Heino faira / etc / fstab kubva kune imwe yemaseva angu ebvunzo:
$ stat fstab
File: fstab
Size: 261 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 regular file
Device: b303h/45827d Inode: 2097285 Links: 1
Access: (0664/-rw-rw-r--) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)
Context: system_u:object_r:etc_t:s0
Access: 2019-04-25 21:10:18.083325111 -0500
Modify: 2019-05-16 10:46:47.427686706 -0500
Change: 2019-05-16 10:46:47.434686674 -0500
Birth: 2019-04-25 21:03:11.840496275 -0500Pano iwe unogona kuona kuti iyi faira yakagadzirwa muna Kubvumbi 25, 2019 pandakaisa iyo system. Faera rangu / etc / fstab yakapedzisira kugadziriswa muna Chivabvu 16, 2019, uye humwe hunhu hwakashandurwa panguva imwe chete.
Kana ndikakopa / etc / fstab kune faira idzva, mazuva anoshanduka kuratidza kuti ifaira idzva:
$ sudo cp fstab fstab.bak
$ stat fstab.bak
File: fstab.bak
Size: 261 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 regular file
Device: b303h/45827d Inode: 2105664 Links: 1
Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)
Context: unconfined_u:object_r:etc_t:s0
Access: 2020-05-12 17:53:58.442659986 -0500
Modify: 2020-05-12 17:53:58.443659981 -0500
Change: 2020-05-12 17:53:58.443659981 -0500
Birth: 2020-05-12 17:53:58.442659986 -0500Asi kana ndikangotumidza faira ndisina kushandura zvirimo, Linux inongogadzirisa nguva iyo faira yakagadziridzwa:
$ sudo mv fstab.bak fstab.tmp
$ stat fstab.tmp
File: fstab.tmp
Size: 261 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 regular file
Device: b303h/45827d Inode: 2105664 Links: 1
Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)
Context: unconfined_u:object_r:etc_t:s0
Access: 2020-05-12 17:53:58.442659986 -0500
Modify: 2020-05-12 17:53:58.443659981 -0500
Change: 2020-05-12 17:54:24.576508232 -0500
Birth: 2020-05-12 17:53:58.442659986 -0500Aya ma timestamps anobatsira zvakanyanya kune mamwe maUnix zvirongwa. Semuenzaniso, biff chirongwa chinokuzivisa iwe kana paine meseji nyowani mune yako email. Mazuva ano vanhu vashoma vanoshandisa , asi mumazuva apo mabhokisi etsamba aive emunharaunda kune system, biff yaive yakajairika.
Chirongwa chinoziva sei kana uine tsamba nyowani mubhokisi rako rekutumira? biff inoenzanisa iyo yekupedzisira yakagadziridzwa nguva (apo iyo inbox faira yakagadziridzwa neiyo email meseji) uye yekupedzisira nguva yekuwana (nguva yekupedzisira iwe yaunoverenga email yako). Kana shanduko yakaitika mushure mekuwana, ipapo biff inonzwisisa kuti tsamba itsva yasvika uye ichakuzivisa iwe nezvazvo. Iyo Mutt email mutengi inoshanda nenzira yakafanana.
Yekupedzisira yekuwana timestamp inobatsirawo kana iwe uchida kuunganidza faira system yekushandisa statistics uye tune performance. MaSistimu maneja anofanirwa kuziva kuti zvinhu zvipi zviri kuwanikwa kuitira kuti vakwanise kugadzirisa iyo faira system zvinoenderana.
Asi zvirongwa zvakawanda zvemazuva ano hazvichadi zita iri, saka pakanga paine zano rekusaishandisa. Muna 2007, Linus Torvalds nevamwe vakati wandei vanogadzira kernel vakakurukura panguva mumamiriro ezvinhu ekuita. Linux kernel mugadziri Ingo Molnar akaita inotevera poindi nezve atime uye ext3 faira system:
"Hameno kuti yese yeLinux desktop uye sevha inotambura inooneka I/O mashandiro ekuita nekuda kwekugara achigadziridzwa nguva, kunyangwe paine vaviri chete vashandisi chaivo: tmpwatch [iyo inogona kugadzirwa kushandisa ctime, saka harisi dambudziko guru] uye mamwe maturusi ekuchengetedza."
Asi vanhu vachiri kushandisa zvimwe zvirongwa zvinoda zita iri. Saka kubvisa nguva kunotyora mashandiro avo. Vagadziri veLinux kernel havafanire kukanganisa rusununguko rwemushandisi.
Mhinduro yaSoromoni
Kune akawanda maapplication anosanganisirwa muLinux kugovera uye nekuwedzera, vashandisi vanogona kudhawunirodha nekuisa mamwe mapurogiramu zvinoenderana nezvavanoda. Iyi ndiyo yakakosha mukana weiyo yakavhurika sosi OS. Asi izvi zvinoita kuti zviome kukwidziridza mafaera system yako. Kubvisa resource-intensive components kunogona kukanganisa hurongwa.
Sekukanganisika, ivo vanogadzira Linux kernel vakaunza itsva relaytime sarudzo inoitirwa kurova chiyero pakati pekuita uye kuenderana:
atime inovandudzwa chete kana nguva yapfuura yekuwana ishoma pane yazvino kugadziridzwa kana mamiriro ekuchinja nguva ... Sezvo Linux 2.6.30, kernel inoshandisa iyi sarudzo nekukasira (kunze kwekunge noatime ichitsanangurwa)... Uyezve, kubvira Linux 2.6.30 . 1, iyo yekupedzisira yekuwana nguva yefaira inogara ichigadziridzwa kana inopfuura XNUMX zuva rekare.
Mazuva ano Linux masisitimu (sezvo Linux 2.6.30, yakaburitswa muna 2009) yatoshandisa relaytime, iyo inofanirwa kupa yakakura chaizvo kuita kusimudzira. Izvi zvinoreva kuti haufanirwe kugadzirisa iyo faira / etc / fstab, uye nerelaytime unogona kuvimba neiyo default.
Kuvandudza mashandiro ehurongwa ne noatime
Asi kana iwe uchida kugadzirisa yako system kuti uwane yakanyanya kuita, kudzima nguva kuchiri kugona.
Shanduko yekuita inogona kusanyanya kuoneka pamadhiraivha emazuva ano anokurumidza (akadai seNVME kana Fast SSD), asi pane kuwedzera kudiki ipapo.
Kana iwe uchiziva kuti hausi kushandisa software inoda nguva, unogona kuvandudza mashandiro zvishoma nekugonesa iyo noatime sarudzo mufaira. /etc/fstab. Mushure meizvi, kernel haizogara ichivandudza nguva. Shandisa iyo noatime sarudzo paunenge uchiisa iyo faira system:
/dev/mapper/fedora_localhost--live-root / ext4 defaults,noatime,x-systemd.device-timeout=0 1 1
UUID=be37c451-915e-4355-95c4-654729cf662a /boot ext4 defaults,noatime 1 2
UUID=C594-12B1 /boot/efi vfat umask=0077,shortname=winnt 0 2
/dev/mapper/fedora_localhost--live-home /home ext4 defaults,noatime,x-systemd.device-timeout=0 1 2
/dev/mapper/fedora_localhost--live-swap none swap defaults,x-systemd.device-timeout=0 0 0Shanduko dzinozoshanda nguva inotevera paunotangazve.
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Source: www.habr.com