LoRaWAN tekinoroji iri kukurumidza kuwana mukurumbira mumunda weInternet weZvinhu mhinduro. Panguva imwecheteyo, kune vatengi vazhinji inoramba ichidzidzwa uye isinganzwisisike, ndosaka paine ngano dzakawanda uye zvisiri izvo zvakaitenderedza. Muna 2018, Russia yakagamuchira zvigadziriso kumutemo wekushandiswa kweLoRaWAN frequency, iyo inowedzera mikana yekushandisa tekinoroji iyi pasina rezinesi. Isu tinotenda kuti ino ndiyo nguva yakanaka yekutanga kushandisa tekinoroji iyi kugadzirisa matambudziko chaiwo ebhizinesi.
Muchinyorwa chino tichatarisa iyo yakakosha misimboti yeLoRaWAN, sarudzo dzekuvaka yako wega network uye kushandisa wechitatu-bato vanopa, uye zvakare kutaura nezve zvigadzirwa zvedu zvinotsigira LoRaWAN.
Chii chinonzi LoRaWAN
LoRaWAN seti yemaprotocol anotsanangura zvemuviri uye netiweki data data layer kune yakaderera-simba, yakaderera-simba zvishandiso zvinoshanda pamusoro pemadaro marefu. Chidimburiko chekuti LoRa chinoreva Long Range, kureva kuti, kureba kwekufambisa data, uye WAN (Wide Area Network) zvinoreva kuti protocol inotsanangurawo network layer.
Kusiyana neanozivikanwa GSM/3G/LTE/WiFi isina waya yekutaurirana mwero, LoRaWAN yakatanga kugadzirwa kuti panguva imwe chete ishumire nhamba huru yezvishandiso zvepasi-simba. Nokudaro, iyo inonyanya kukoshesa ndeyekudzivirira kupindira, kushandiswa kwesimba uye mararamiro. Panguva imwecheteyo, huwandu hwehuwandu hwekufambisa data hunogumira kune mashoma kilobits pasekondi.
Kufanana nenharembozha, LoRaWAN ine zvinyoreso zvishandiso uye zviteshi zvepasi. Iyo yekutaurirana renji pakati pemunyoreri mudziyo uye base station inogona kusvika 10 km. Muchiitiko ichi, zvigadziriso zvevanyoreri zvinowanzozvimiririra nebhatiri uye nguva yakawanda iri mumagetsi ekuchengetedza simba, ichimuka nguva nenguva yekuchinjana data kwenguva pfupi neseva. Semuenzaniso, mamita emvura anogona kumuka kamwe chete mazuva mashoma uye kuendesa kukosha kwazvino kwehuwandu hwemvura inopedzwa kune server, uye kuramba uri mukurara nguva yese. Iyi nzira inoita kuti zvikwanise kuwana zvishandiso zvinoshanda kusvika makore akati wandei pasina chikonzero chekutsiva mabhatiri. Basa remidziyo yeLoRaWAN ndere kuendesa / kugamuchira data inodiwa kubva kubhesi chiteshi nekukurumidza uye kusunungura mafungu emhepo kune mamwe maturusi, saka network ine mitemo yakasimba yenguva inobatwa pamhepo. Zvishandiso zvinoendesa data chete mushure mekugamuchira simbiso kubva kune base chiteshi, izvi zvinokutendera iwe kuti udzore mutoro pamhepo padivi reseva uye kugovera zvakaenzana zvikamu zvekuchinjana data nekufamba kwenguva.
Iyo LoRa chiyero inotsanangura iyo yemuviri layer, chiratidzo modulation mu frequency renji 433 MHz, 868 MHz muEurope, 915 MHz Australia / America uye 923 MHz Asia. MuRussia, LoRaWAN inoshandisa iyo 868 MHz bhendi.
Iyo LoRaWAN inoshanda sei
Sezvo LoRaWAN ichishanda munzvimbo isina rezenisi, inorerutsa zvakanyanya kutumirwa kwetiweki yayo ine zviteshi zvepasi, mune iyo nyaya hapana chikonzero chekutsamira kune telecom vanoshanda. Pamusoro pekuisa yako wega network, unogona kushandisa network yevashandisi varipo. LoRaWAN vapeji vatovepo pasi rese uye vachangobva kutanga kuoneka muRussia, semuenzaniso anoshanda kune yako LoRaWAN network mumaguta mazhinji.
MuRussia, LoRaWAN inowanzo shanda muchikamu 866-869 MHz, iyo yakakura chiteshi upamhi inogarwa nemumwe munyoreri mudziyo ndeye 125 kHz. Izvi ndizvo zvinoita kuchinjanisa data kuburikidza neLoRaWAN protocol inoita senge pane spectrogram yakanyorwa nehabra mushandisi Ruslan. Nadyrshin nerubatsiro rweSDR.
MuRussia, kubvira 2018, zvigadziriso kumitemo zvakagamuchirwa izvo zvinoderedza zvakanyanya zvirambidzo pakushandiswa kwe868 MHz frequency. Iwe unogona kuverenga zvakadzama nezve mitsva yemitemo mitsva inoronga LoRaWAN frequency muRussia .
Base station - muchirevo cheLoRaWAN zviyero zvinonzi gedhi kana hub. Panyaya yechinangwa, chishandiso ichi chakafanana nezviteshi zvepasi zveakajairwa nharembozha nhare: maturusi ekupedzisira anobatana kwairi uye nekutevera mirairo yawo yekusarudza chiteshi, simba, uye nguva inotsvedza yekufambisa data. Base zviteshi zvakabatana kune yepakati software server, iyo inokwanisa kuwana iyo mamiriro eiyo network yese yakazara, inobata nekuronga frequency, nezvimwe.
Kazhinji, LoRaWAN base zviteshi zvakabatana kune yakamira simba uye ine yakagadzikana yekuwana Internet. Advantech inopa akati wandei mamodheru eLoRaWAN akateedzana base zviteshi ine huwandu hwe100 uye 500 vanyoreri zvishandiso, uye kugona kubatanidza kuInternet kuburikidza neEthernet uye LTE.
Subscriber mudziyo - mudziyo wakaderera-simba mutengi, kazhinji unozviita wega. Kazhinji yenguva inenge iri mukurara-kuchengetedza simba. Inodyidzana neyekure application server kutumira/kugamuchira data. Inochengeta encryption makiyi ehuchokwadi pa base station uye application server. Inogona kunge iri mukati menzvimbo yekuvhara yezviteshi zvinoverengeka. Kunyatsoteerera kumitemo yekushanda pamhepo yakagamuchirwa kubva pachigadziko chepasi. Devices Advantech ari modular I/O zviteshi, zvine akasiyana analog uye dijitari yekupinda / kubuda ma interfaces uye RS-485/232 serial interfaces.
Mutengi anogona kuendesa yavo LoRaWAN base zviteshi kana kushandisa iripo network yevatatu-bato vanoshanda
Veruzhinji LoRaWAN network
Muchivakwa ichi, zvishandiso zvakabatana kune wechitatu-bato opareta network yeruzhinji. Mutengi anongoda kutenga zvinyoreso zvekushandisa uye kupinda muchibvumirano neanopa uye kugamuchira makiyi ekuwana network. Panguva imwecheteyo, mutengi anonyatsoenderana nekuvharwa kwemushandisi.
Ramba uchifunga kuti network yeLoRaWAN yeruzhinji inogona kunge iine zvirambidzo zvakasimba pane airtime inogona kugara mudziyo, saka kune maapplication anoda kakawanda kuchinjanisa data, manetwork akadaro anogona kunge asina kukodzera.
Usati watumira data, mudziyo unokumbira mvumo yekufambisa, uye chete kana base station ikapindura nekusimbisa, kuchinjana kuchaitika.
Paunenge uchishandisa yechitatu-bato LoRaWAN network, mutengi anoshandisa base base station yemumwe munhu uye zvinoenderana nekuvhara kweanopa uye zvirambidzo zvayo zvekufambisa data.
Iyi nzira yakanakira, semuenzaniso, kana uchitsiva vanyori midziyo munzvimbo dzemadhorobha uko kunodiwa zvivakwa zviripo. Semuenzaniso, yekuisa masensa muzvivako zvekugara uye nehuwandu hwemashoko akatumirwa, kuunganidza data kubva pamamita emagetsi kana kushandiswa kwemvura. Midziyo yakadaro inogona kutumira data kamwe chete mazuva mashoma.
Yakavanzika LoRaWAN network
Paunenge uchitumira yakavanzika network, mutengi anoisa akazvimiririra base zviteshi uye zvirongwa zvekuvhara. Iyi nzira iri nyore kana iwe uchida kutonga kwakazara pamusoro petiweki, kana kunzvimbo uko opareta kuvharika kusipo.
Mune yakavanzika network, mutengi ane kutonga kwakazara pamusoro pezvivakwa
Muchivakwa ichi, mutengi anoita mari yenguva imwe chete mumidziyo yekuendesa zviteshi zvepasi uye haichatsamira pamasevhisi uye vechitatu-bato vanoshanda. Iyi sarudzo yakakodzera kuvaka network kunzvimbo dziri kure dzekurima, zvivakwa zvekugadzira, nezvimwe. Kuve netiweki yako kunoita kuti zvive nyore kuyera zvivakwa zviripo, kuwedzera kufukidzwa, huwandu hwezvishandiso zvevanyoreri uye huwandu hwe data inotapurirwa.
Subscriber I/O zviteshi
Technical specifications
- Mavhezheni kune ese epasi rose LoRaWAN frequency mabhendi
- Kukurukurirana kwakasiyana nehwaro kusvika ku5km
- Mamodule ekuwedzera ekubatanidza peripheral devices
- Yakavakwa mukati 4000mAh bhatiri
- GPS module (Galileo/BeiDou/GLONASS)
- Dziviriro IP65
- USB programming
Series midziyo zviteshi zvemodular zvekubatanidza zvakasiyana-siyana zveparipheral zvishandiso kune LoRaWAN network. Nerubatsiro rwavo, unogona kuunganidza data kubva kune chero madhijitari uye analog sensors, senge thermometers, hygrometers, barometers, accelerometers, nezvimwewo, uye kutonga zvimwe zvishandiso kuburikidza neRS-232/485 interfaces. Iyo ine yakavakirwa-mukati 4000mA bhatiri, iyo inogona kushanda yakazvimiririra kusvika kumwedzi mitanhatu. Inobatanidza ne solar panel kuchaja bhatiri. Iyo yakavakirwa-mukati GPS inogamuchira inobvumidza iwe kunyatso kuona nzvimbo yechishandiso, iyo inorerutsa accounting uye kuisirwa: zvishandiso zvinogona kukwidzwa pasina kutanga kupinda mudhatabhesi, uye mushure mekuisirwa zvinongobatanidzwa nechinhu zvichienderana neakagashira makonisheni.
Kuronga uye kugadzirisa kunoitwa kuburikidza neyakajairwa USB interface uye haidi mamwe ma controller nevagadziri, saka inogona kuitwa panzvimbo uchishandisa laptop.
Interface modules
A set of interfaces yekubatanidza ekunze zvishandiso kune , inoshandiswa uchishandisa interface modules dzakabatana kubva pazasi. Kune imwe terminal imwe interface module inogona kubatana. Zvichienderana nemabasa emutengi, aya anogona kunge ari edhijitari kana analogi yekupinda / zvinobuda, kana serial interfaces. Iyo interface yekubatanidza inodzivirirwa neyakavharwa yekubatanidza ine M12 threaded yekubatanidza.
- - 4 analog ekuisa uye mana edhijitari ekuisa
- WISE-S615-A - 6 chiteshi cheRTD (Resistance Temperature Detector) thermometer
- WISE-S617-A - 6 madijita ekupinda, 2 RS-232/485 serial interfaces
Wzzard LRPv2 inoteedzera sensor
BB dzakatevedzana sensors Aya ndiwo maLoRaWAN ekunyorera zvishandiso zvakagadzirirwa kuunganidza data munzvimbo dzakaoma uye dzakagadzirirwa kukurumidza kuisirwa. Ivo vane magineti base uye vanogona kusungirirwa zvakachengetedzeka kune simbi maficha pasina ekuwedzera fasteners, izvo zvinokutendera iwe kukurumidza kutumira network yezvishandiso zvakawanda. Iyo yakavharwa interface yekubatanidza, iri padivi, yakagadzirirwa kubatanidza ekunze peripheral zvishandiso uye masensa.
Technical specifications
- Kushanda muma frequency ese LoRaWAN 868/915/923MHz
- Magnetic gomo pamusoro pesimbi
- Interfaces RS485 (Modbus), 4 analog inputs, 2 dijitari zvabuda, 1 dijitari kubuda.
- Yakavharwa kubatana kweiyo interface tambo
- Inofambiswa ne2 AA lithium mabhatiri, solar panels kana 9 ~ 36V magetsi
- Dziviriro kirasi IP66
- Kushanda pane tembiricha -40 ~ 75Β°C
LoRaWAN zviteshi zvepasi
Advantech inopa huwandu hwakazara hwemidziyo yekuisa yakavanzika LoRaWAN network. Gateways series anoshandiswa kubatanidza vanonyorera zvishandiso, senge ΠΈ , uye kutumira data kune server application. Mutsara unosanganisira modhi dzinotsigira kubatanidza panguva imwe chete ye100 uye 500 vanyoreri zvishandiso. Iyo gedhi rakabatana neInternet kuburikidza neEthernet; shanduro ine yakavakirwa-mukati 4G modem inowanikwawo. Inotsigira MQTT uye Modbus mapuroteni ekuendesa data kune server yekushandisa.
Technical specifications
- Inotsigira ese LoRaWAN mabhendi
- Panguva imwe chete sevhisi ye100 kana mazana mashanu ekunyorera zvishandiso
- Ethernet kubatana
- Sarudzo: yakavakirwa-mukati LTE modem
- Yakavakwa-mukati VPN sevha/mutengi
mhedziso
LoRaWAN tekinoroji yakakodzera kukwezva kutarisisa kwakawanda pakati pemhinduro dzemaindasitiri, uye nhasi inogona kunyatso kugadzirisa matambudziko mazhinji ebhizinesi. Asi kune vatengi vazhinji, LoRaWAN ichiri diki-inozivikanwa uye isinganzwisisike tekinoroji. Isu tinotenda kuti munguva pfupi iri kutevera ichave yakapararira seyakarebesa cellular network, iyo inobvumira vatengi vedu kuita zviri nyore kushandisa kuzvimiririra Internet yeZvinhu mhinduro.
Source: www.habr.com