Mepu yendege, mapoinzi ane methane kudzika pamusoro pe3 ppm* m akaiswa chiratidzo. Uye izvo zvakawanda!
Fungidzira kuti une nzvimbo inoraswa tsvina inoputa uye inonhuwa nguva nenguva. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti magasi akasiyana-siyana anoumbwa panguva yekuora kweiyo organic matter. Muchiitiko ichi, kwete methane chete inoumbwa, asiwo magasi ane muchetura zvachose, saka, tsvina yakaoma dzimwe nguva inoda kuongororwa.
Izvi zvinowanzoitwa netsoka neinopfekwa methane detector, asi mukuita zvinonetsa, zvinotora nguva uye kazhinji hazvidiwi chaizvo nevaridzi vemarara.
Asi zvinodikanwa kuhurumende yeguta, zviremera zvemanisiparati, matunhu, nezvimwewo, uko nzvimbo yekurasira kana yakatenderwa marara, vezvemamiriro ekunze uye vanhuwo zvavo vanoda kufema mweya wakachena.
Sevhisi yekuyera otomatiki yechiyero chemethane uchishandisa drones iri kudiwa zvikuru muEurope.
Isu, nevatinoshanda navo kubva kukambani , vakaita basa rakabatana mune ino uye vakawana mhedzisiro inonakidza.
Chii chinodzorwa?
The regulatory framework for akasimba marara marara - mirayiridzo dhizaini, kushanda uye reclamation of landfills yemanisipa yakasimba tsvina (yakatenderwa neBazi rekuvaka reRussian Federation musi waNovember 2, 1996), mitemo yehutsanana SP 2.1.7.1038-01 "Hygienic zvinodiwa pakuvaka nekuchengetedza marara emarara edzimba dzakasimbaβ (yakatenderwa neChirevo cheChiremba cheHurumende Sanitary Chiremba weRussian Federation yaMay 30, 2001 No. 16), pfungwa yekubata tsvina yemumba muRussian Federation MDS. 13-8.2000 (yakabvumirwa neChirevo cheBhodi yeGosstroy yeRussian Federation yaDecember 22, 1999 No. 17) , SanPiN 2.1.6.1032-01. 2.1.6. Mhepo yeAtmospheric uye mhepo yemukati, hutsanana kudzivirira kwemhepo. Hutsanana hunodiwa hwekuona kunaka kwemweya wemuchadenga munzvimbo dzine vanhu (yakatenderwa naChiremba weHurumende Sanitary Chiremba weRussian Federation muna Chivabvu 17.05.2001, XNUMX).
Iwo epamusoro anotenderwa kutariswa kweiyi seti yemagwaro ndeaya anotevera:
Substance
MAC, mg/m3
Maximum imwe-nguva
Avhareji zuva nezuva
Guruva risina chepfu
0,5
0,15
hydrogen sulfide
0,008
-
Carbon monoxide
5,0
3,0
Nitric oxide
0,4
0,06
Mercury simbi
-
0,0003
Methane
-
50,0
Amoniya
0,2
0,04
Benzene
1,5
0,1
Trichloromethane
-
0,03
4-carbon chloride
4,0
0,7
Chlorobenzene
0,1
0,1
Yakajairika biogas kuumbwa:
Substance
%
Methane, CH4
50-75
Carbon dioxide, CO2
25-50
Nitrogen, N2
0-10
Hydrogen, H2
0-1
Hydrogen sulfide, H2S
0-3
Okisijeni, O2
0-2
Biogas inosunungurwa kusvika kumakore 12-15, uye mushure megore rechipiri - kunyanya methane chete kana carbon dioxide chete (kana musanganiswa wezvose).
Maitiro ekutsvaga mavuza izvozvi
Kuti uwane nzvimbo dzekuburitswa kwemethane pazvibhorani, basa revanokambaira rinoshandiswa. Vanotora ruoko rwegasi analyzer (muvanhuwo zvavo - "sniffer") uye chimwe chinhu chinoratidzika seamburera, muchengeti anosarudza nzvimbo pamarara. Anoisa dome diki ipapo uye anomirira kuti gasi rakati riungane pasi pedome. Inoyera mwero wekutarisa uchishandisa gasi analyzer uye inorekodha kuverenga kwechishandiso. Mushure maizvozvi, anoenda kune imwe nzvimbo yechiyero chinotevera. Zvichingoenda zvakadaro.
Maitiro acho ari nyore, asi haashande zvakanyanya maererano nehuwandu hwezviyero zvakatorwa pachikamu chenguva. Ngatiwedzerei pano chinhu chevanhu uye gehena rekushanda kwemamiriro emutsetse, uyo anomanikidzwa kufamba-famba munzvimbo inonhuwa yekudzidzira kwemaawa (zvichida achiri kushandisa zvidziviriro zvemunhu).
Drone kutibatsira
Pakupera kwe2018, paINTERGEO 2018 kuratidzwa (Frankfurt), takazivana nePergamum tekinoroji uye ruzivo rwavo mukubhururuka drones pamusoro pemafashama. Vakomana vakatanga kushandisa drone ine remote laser methane detector yakaiswa pairi kutsvaga kunobuda. Logger yakaiswa mubhodhi iyo drone, iyo inorekodha kuverenga kwese detector. Pakupera kwendege, ruzivo kubva kune logger rwunoendeswa kune komputa nenzira yetabular data yekuongorora. Kana pane imwe nzvimbo paine yakawandisa methane concentration, iyo drone inotumirwa kune ino nhanho zvakare kuti itore nzvimbo inovuza.
Panguva iyoyo, vakomana vePergamo vakanga vatoita kuwanda kwemafuro emarara emarara, uye vakaona kuti zvakanga zviri nyore kubhururuka zviri pamutemo. Izvi zvakaguma nekuita kunotevera:
- Kubhururuka kwakadaro nema drones kunowanzo kubvumirana mukati memavhiki maviri mushure mekunge mitemo yepamutemo yasangana: kuwana mvumo kubva kumuridzi wenharaunda, yakatenderwa nevakuru vendege uye kutonga kwenzvimbo yehurongwa hwekubhururuka. Chikumbiro chekugadzwa kwehurongwa hwekubhururuka kwenzvimbo inotumirwa kunzvimbo yezone (AC) mazuva matatu kusvika mashanu basa risati ratanga, chirongwa chekubhururuka chinotumirwa zuva risati ratanga basa. Pazuva rekutanga basa, unofanirwa kufonera SC maawa maviri pamberi, usati wasimuka unofanirwa kufonera vese vane mutoro. Zviremera zvine mutoro zvinotemwa maererano nemepu yakajairika "Airspace yeRussian Federation" (VP RF). Zvinoita sekuti shanduko dzichabuda munguva pfupi iri kutevera, uye zvinokwanisika kubhururuka pakakwirira kusvika ku150 metres mukati memutsara wekuona.
- Nguva imwe neimwe kubhururuka kunotanga nekuyera kwakananga uye kumhanya kwemhepo, kumanikidzwa kwemhepo. Kana mhepo inomhanya inopfuura mamita mana pasekondi, saka haibhururuke, nokuti chigumisiro hachizivikanwi: unogona kuona kubuda panzvimbo isina kunaka (ichaputira kune rumwe rutivi).
- Iyo drone opareta pane saiti inoderedza huwandu hwekutendeuka uye kuverenga nguva yekubhururuka ingangoita maminetsi makumi maviri nemashanu. Kazhinji, zvinokwanisika kuderedza nguva yekubhururuka kubva pa25 kusvika ku5%, zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze.
- Zviri nani kutanga ndege kubva kudivi releeward kuitira kuti scanning iitike pasi.
- Kureba kwendege kwe drone kunokwana kutsvaga kudonhedza mvura ndeye 15 metres.
- Kana paine mvumo yekutora mafoto emuchadenga, saka unogona kutora nzvimbo yekuburitswa neanodziya mufananidzo uye mune inoonekwa renji.
Kuenzaniswa nebasa revanokambaira - budiriro! Asi pakanga paine kukanganisa kwakakosha mukushanda kwe detector yakashandiswa nePergamo kune overflights: kusavapo kwenzira yekukurukurirana pakati pe detector uye opareta panguva yekubhururuka. Ruzivo rwekuvuza rwaigona kuwanikwa chete mushure mekunge drone yamhara.
Pergamo + CROC + SPH
Panguva yavakasvika pakuziva Pergamo, CROC yakanga ichangobva kugamuchira kombiyuta yepa-board ye DJI Matrice 600 drone, iyo yaigonawo kutepfenyura telemetry kuburikidza neDJI LightBridge 2. Pergamo yakakurumidza kufarira chigadzirwa uye yakapiwa kuita downlink kubatanidzwa kwe. chigadzirwa chavo, iyo LMC iri kure methane detector yeiyo drone.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, mubatanidzwa weCROC (Russia), Pergam-Engineering (Russia) uye SPH Engineering (Latvia, UGCS software mugadziri) yakaonekwa - iyo LMC G2 DL (Laser Methane Copter Generation 2 ine Downlink) yakaoma. Ichi ndicho chizvarwa chechipiri chehardware uye software system yekuona methane (CH4) inobuda.
Mhinduro yacho inosanganisira DJI Matrice 600 drone ine uremu hwekutora-makirogiramu gumi nerimwe, yakashongedzerwa nelaser methane detector iri kure uye komputa iri pabhodhi. Iyo software nyowani inobvumidza iwe kunyatso kunyoresa nzira yendege paurefu hwakapihwa uye nekumhanya kunodiwa, nekukurumidza pindura kana ukaonekwa methane inodonha, kunyatsogadzirisa nzvimbo uye kutora matanho panguva.
Iye zvino maitiro akaita seizvi:
1. Kuti usapotsa kunyange chidimbu chidiki cheporigoni, chirongwa chekubhururuka chinogadzirwa muUgCS software. Zvinotora maminetsi. Panguva imwecheteyo, iwe unogona kuzviita muhofisi inodziya uye kwete kuzviomesa ... maoko.
Drone chirongwa chekubhururuka muUgCS software.
2. Zvadaro, mushandisi anogadzirira drone panzvimbo yekutora panzvimbo yekudzidzira. Uye kuburikidza nenharembozha UgCS inotanga kubhururuka.
Iko kuisa pfungwa kune zvakajairika.
Leak yaonekwa.
3. Uyezve, nekuda kwekombuta yedu yepa-board, kuverenga kwemethane detector kunotumirwa online kune mobile application. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo pa-bhodhi komputa inorekodha kuverenga kwese kubva kune mudziyo pane SD kadhi kana kurasikirwa kwekutaurirana nepasi.
4. Kupfuura kwese kwemethane concentration level kunogona kunyoreswa ipapo pamepu. Iwe hausisiri kutambisa nguva pa-post-processing kuti uwane iyo inovuza.
5. Profita!
Mhinduro yeCROC ecologist:
Hapana mutemo wekuti nzvimbo inoraswa ivhu inofanira kurekodha zviri pamutemo chero pakadonha, asi methane igreenhouse gas, uye takarambidza magreenhouse gasi kwemakore makumi maviri. Kune Kyoto Protocol, uye mukati mehurongwa hweChena Air purojekiti, inova yeEcology yenyika purojekiti, panogona kunge paine mutemo wequotas. Uye idzi quotas dzichatengeswa. Uye kambani yega yega inofanirwa kunzwisisa kana iine kugona kudzikisa kana kudzora kuburitswa.
Mukuru wevatariri ndiRosprirodnadzor. Iyo yekurasira ivhu pachayo chimiro cheinjiniya, ndiko kuti, inofanira kupfuura iyo Glavgosexpertiza. Kune kugadzirwa uye kutonga kwezvakatipoteredza. Kuwanda kwekutonga uku kunoiswa zvichienderana nengozi uye kune imwe neimwe chaiyo yekurasira. Ngatiti marabhoritari inouya mwedzi mitatu yega yega uye inoyera chimwe chinhu - kazhinji mvura, ivhu, mhepo. Nzvimbo dzakanaka dzekurasira ivhu pachadzo dzinoronga mapaipi egasi rekurasira uye vanoshandisa gasi iri kune zvavanoda. Kazhinji pane kubva ku40 muzana yemethane. Kana ikaputika, kuchaparadzwa kutaurirana, zvichida kukuvadzwa kwevanhu, kusunungurwa kwakasimba ... Uye ipapo mhosva yemhosva ichazarurirwa muridzi. Uye hapana munhu ane hanya nazvo. Drone mune imwecheteyo Krasnoyarsk, semuenzaniso, inoruramiswa mune zvehupfumi. Vanhu vaviri pamwe nemurindi ane pfuti (zvakakomba - kune mabheya), mota yepasi-yese inopwanya yega 20-40 km, pekugara, yekuchamhembe miripo yezuva nezuva.
Drones inogona kushandiswa munzvimbo dzakawanda. Pisa trolley patrolley, kudiridza munda, kudonhedza raft kumurume ari kunyura, bhururuka nemumoto utsvage vanhu vese, tsvaga vanovhima zvisiri pamutemo kana kutsvaga minda yehemp, tora zvinhu muimba yekuchengetera zvinhu - ndizvo zvese zvaunoda. Uye kazhinji, zvese izvo fungidziro yako ichabvumira. Isu tinofarira matambudziko matsva, uye tinokwanisa uye tinoda kuedza kugadzirisa dambudziko rako. Zvakanaka, kana iwe uine basa rekutsvaga kuvuza, ndine purojekiti yekuyedza yeinonyanya kufadza. Tsamba - [email inodzivirirwa].
nezvakanyorwa
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- Tsamba yangu - [email inodzivirirwa].
Source: www.habr.com