Imwe yesarudzo dzakanyanya kukosha dzinoitwa nemugadziri nderekuti ndeipi dhatabhesi yekushandisa. Kwemakore mazhinji, sarudzo dzaive dzakaganhurirwa kune dzakasiyana siyana dzehukama dhatabhesi sarudzo dzaitsigira Yakagadziriswa Query Mutauro (SQL). Izvi zvaisanganisira MS SQL Server, Oracle, MySQL, PostgreSQL, DB2, nezvimwe zvakawanda.
Kwemakore gumi nemashanu apfuura, akawanda dhatabhesi matsva akapinda mumusika sechikamu cheNo-SQL maitiro. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvitoro zvakakosha-zvinokosha zvakaita seRedis neAmazon DynamoDB, zvitoro zvakakura zvakaita seCassandra neHBase, zvitoro zvemagwaro zvakaita seMongoDB neCouchbase, uye dhatabhesi remagraph uye injini dzekutsvaga dzakadai seElasticsearch uye Solr.
Muchikamu chino, tichaedza kunzwisisa SQL neNoSQL tisingatarise mukushanda kwavo.
Uyezve, tichava nekunakidzwa zvishoma munzira.
Kutsanangura SQL kuna Ambuya
Ambuya mufunge handisi ndega muzukuru. Pane kudaro, Amai naBaba vaidanana setsuro, vakava nevana zana, ndokuzotora vamwe makumi mashanu.
Saka munotida tese uye hamudi kukanganwa chero mazita edu, mazuva ekuzvarwa, favourite ice cream flavour, masaizi emupfekero, mafaro, mazita evaroora, mazita evana, kana chero chimwe chinhu chakakosha. Asi ngatitarisei. Une makore 85 okukura, uye ndangariro yakanaka yakare haigoni kuramba iripo.
Sezvineiwo, kuva vazukuru vakachenjera, ndinogona kukubatsira. Saka ndinouya kumba kwenyu, ndobudisa mapepa, ndokumbira kuti mubike makeke tisati tatanga.
Pane rimwe bepa tinoita rondedzero inonzi “Vazukuru". Zvose muzukuru yakanyorwa nerumwe ruzivo rwakakosha pamusoro payo, kusanganisira nhamba yakasiyana inozoratidza kuti chii muzukuru zviri. Zvakare, nekuda kwesangano, tinonyora mazita ane mazita pamusoro pechinyorwa kuitira kuti tigare tichiziva kuti ndeupi ruzivo rwakanyorwa.
id
zita
bhavhdhe
kushanya kwekupedzisira
saizi yezvipfeko
kufarira ice cream
akabvuma
1
Jimmy
09-22-1992
09-01-2019
L
Mint chokoreti
venhema
2
Jessica
07-21-1992
02-22-2018
M
Rocky Road
zvechokwadi
…rondedzero inoenderera!
Rondedzero yevazukuru
Mushure mechinguva, unozvinzwisisa zvese uye isu tave kutopedza nerondedzero! Asi wozotendeukira kwandiri woti, "Takanganwa kuwedzera nzvimbo kune vakaroorana, zvekuzvivaraidza, vazukuru!" Asi aiwa, hatina kudaro! Izvo zvinouya zvinotevera uye zvinoda bepa idzva.
Saka ndinoburitsa rimwe bepa uye pariri tinodaidza rondedzero Vakaroorana. Isu tinowedzera zvakare hunhu hwakakosha kwatiri pakutanga kwechinyorwa uye tanga kuwedzera mumitsara.
id
muzukuru_id
zita
bhavhdhe
1
2
John
06-01-1988
2
9
Fernanda
03-05-1985
…vakaroorana vakawanda!
Rondedzero yevakaroorana
Panguva iyi ndinotsanangurira mbuya vangu kuti kana vachida kuziva kuti akaroorwa naani vanongoda kufananidza id mune rondedzero vazukuru с muzukuru_id pazita revakaroorana.
Mushure memakuki gumi nemaviri, ndinoda kurara. "Mungaenderera here mbuya?" Ndoenda kunorara.
Ndichadzoka mumaawa mashoma. Makanaka ambuya! Zvese zvinotaridzika zvakanaka kunze kwechinyorwa. hobbyPane zvingangoita 1000 zvekuzvivaraidza pane iyo rondedzero. Vazhinji vavo vanodzokororwa; chii chaitika?
muzukuru_id
chitandadzo
1
cu
4
cu
3
cu
7
kumhanya
11
cu
... ngatienderere mberi!
Ndine urombo, ndakanganwa zvachose kukuudza! Uchishandisa runyoro rumwe, unogona chete kutevedzera hobby. Zvadaro mune imwe rondedzero tinofanira kuronda vazukuru, vari kuita izvi hobbyTichazvidaidza "General list". Ndichiona kuti hauzvifarire, ndinotanga kunetseka ndodzokera kulist mode.
id
chitandadzo
1
cu
2
kumhanya
3
kushambira
…zvimwe zvekuzvivaraidza nazvo!
Rondedzero yezvaunofarira
Kana tave nerunyorwa rwedu rwezvekuzvivaraidza, tinogadzira yedu yechipiri runyorwa uye toidaidza "Zvido zvevazukuru".
muzukuru_id
hobby_id
4
1
3
1
7
2
…zvimwe!
General list yevazukuru hobbies
Mushure mebasa rose iroro, Mbuya zvino vane ndangariro inotonhorera yekuchengeta nhoroondo yemhuri yavo yakakura zvinoshamisa. Uye ipapo - kuti ndirambe ndakamirira kwenguva refu - anobvunza mubvunzo wemashiripiti: "Wakadzidza kupi kuita zvese izvo?"
Relational Databases
Dhatabhesi rehukama seti yematafura akatsanangurwa zviri pamutemo (mashiti mumuenzaniso wedu) kubva kwaunogona kuwana kupihwa kana kuzviunganidza nenzira dzakasiyana pasina kuronga patsva matafura DatabaseKune akawanda akasiyana marudzi ehukama dhatabhesi, asi zvinosuruvarisa kuti rondedzero pabepa haisi imwe yacho.
Iwo anonyanya kufarirwa ehukama dhatabhesi anoratidza mutauro wemubvunzo unonzi SQL (Yakarongwa Query Mutauro). Kutenda kwazviri, kana Ambuya vakatamisa ndangariro yavo kukombiyuta, vanogona kukurumidza kuwana mhinduro kumibvunzo yakadai seyokuti: "Ndiani asina kundishanyira mugore rapfuura, akaroora, uye haana zvaanoita?"
Imwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa SQL database manejimendi masisitimu ndiyo yakavhurika-sosi MySQL. Iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya seyehukama dhatabhesi manejimendi system (RDBMS) yewebhu-based software application.
Zvimwe zvakakosha zveMySQL:
- Inonyatsozivikanwa, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye yakaedzwa zvakakwana.
- Kune vazhinji vane hunyanzvi vanogadzira vane ruzivo neSQL uye hukama dhatabhesi.
- Iyo data inochengetwa mumatafura akasiyana, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kumisikidza hukama uchishandisa makiyi ekutanga uye ekunze (zviziviso).
- Zviri nyore kushandisa uye zvinoshanda, zvichiita kuti ive yakanakira mabhizinesi makuru nemadiki.
- Iyo kodhi kodhi inopihwa rezinesi pasi peGNU General Public License.
Chikanganwa manje ALL.
Kutsanangura NoSQL kuna Ambuya
Ambuya tine mhuri yakakura. Kune vazukuru zana nemakumi mashanu! Vazhinji vavo vakaroora, vane vana, vane zvavanofarira, nezvimwewo. Pazera rako, hazvibviri kuyeuka zvose pamusoro pedu tose. Chaunoda indangariro system!
Sezvineiwo, ini, kwete Kuda kuti ukanganwe zuva rangu rekuzvarwa uye zvandinoda ice cream flavour, ndinogona kubatsira. Saka ndinomhanyira kuchitoro chiri pedyo, ndinotora kabhuku, ndodzoka kumba kwako.
Danho rekutanga randinotora nderekunyora "Vazukuru" nemavara makuru matema pabutiro renotibhuku. Ipapo ndinotendeukira kupeji yekutanga ndotanga kunyora zvese zvaunofanira kurangarira nezvangu. Mushure memaminitsi mashoma, peji inotaridzika seizvi.
{
"_id":"dkdigiye82gd87gd99dg87gd",
"name":"Cody",
"birthday":"09-12-2006",
"last_visit":"09-02-2019",
"clothing_size":"XL",
"favorite_ice_cream":"Fudge caramel",
"adopted":false,
"hobbies":[
"video games",
"computers",
"cooking"
],
"spouse":null,
"kids":[
],
"favorite_picture":"file://scrapbook-103/christmas-2010.jpg",
"misc_notes":"Prefers ice-cream cake on birthday instead of chocolate cake!"
} Я: "Zvinoita kunge zvese zvagadzirira!"
Ambuya: "Mira, ko vamwe vazukuru?"
Я: "Ehe, chaizvo. Tobva tagovera peji reumwe neumwe."
Ambuya: "Uye ndichada kunyora pasi ruzivo rwese rwakafanana kune wese munhu, sezvandakakuitira iwe?"
Я: "Kwete kana uchida chete rega ndikuratidze."
Ndichitora chinyoreso kubva kuna ambuya vangu, ndinovhura peji uye nekukasira kunyora pasi ruzivo nezvemukoma wangu wandaisanyanya kufarira.
{
"_id":"dh97dhs9b39397ss001",
"name":"Tanner",
"birthday":"09-12-2008",
"clothing_size":"S",
"friend_count":0,
"favorite_picture":null,
"remember":"Born on same day as Cody but not as important"
}Pose apo ambuya vanenge vachida kurangarira chimwe chinhu nezvemumwe muzukuru wavo, vanongoda chete kuenda kupeji rakakodzera riri mubhuku ravazukuru. Ruzivo rwese pamusoro pavo ruchachengetwa ipapo, pane yavo peji, iyo yaanogona kukurumidza kugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa.
Kana zvese zvaitwa, anobvunza mubvunzo wemashiripiti: "Wakadzidza kupi kuita zvese izvi?"
NoSQL Databases
Kune dzakawanda NoSQL databases ("kwete chete SQL"). Mumienzaniso yedu takaratidza document database. NoSQL dhatabhesi modhi data munzira dzinobvisa hukama hwetafura hunoshandiswa mune zvehukama dhatabhesi. Aya dhatabhesi akave akakurumbira mukutanga 2000s pakati pemakambani aida cloud-based database clustering nekuda kwesheer scalability zvavanoda (e.g. Facebook). Mumashandisirwo akadai, kuenderana kwedata kwaive kushoma zvakanyanya pane kuita uye scalability.
Pakutanga, NoSQL dhatabhesi dzaiwanzo shandiswa niche data manejimendi mabasa. Kazhinji, kana zvasvika kune webhu uye makore mashandisirwo, NoSQL dhatabhesi yakagadziriswa uye yakagovera akakosha huwandu hwe data. Mainjiniya anoshanda neNoSQL akafarirawo inoshanduka data schema (kana kushaikwa kwayo), kuitira kuti shanduko dzekukurumidza mumashandisirwo akagadziridzwa agoneke.
Zvinhu zvakakosha zveNoSQL:
- Iyo inochinjika nzira yekuchengetedza data
- Horizontal scaling kusvika masumbu
- Zvinogoneka kutevedzana kwekushingirira/kuparadzira
- Zvinyorwa zvinozivikanwa uchishandisa makiyi akasiyana
Kuenzanisa kwakadzama
MySQL inoda yakatsanangurwa uye yakarongeka schema.
NoSQL inokutendera iwe kuchengeta chero data mu "gwaro".
MySQL inotsigirwa nenharaunda yakakura.
NoSQL ine nharaunda diki uye inokurumidza kukura.
NoSQL iri nyore kuyera.
MySQL inoda mamwe manejimendi.
MySQL inoshandisa SQL, iyo inoshandiswa mumhando dzakawanda dzedhatabhesi.
NoSQL idhizaini-yakavakirwa dhatabhesi ine yakakurumbira kuita.
MySQL inoshandisa yakajairwa query mutauro (SQL).
NoSQL haishandisi mutauro wakajairwa wemubvunzo.
MySQL ine akawanda makuru ekubika maturusi.
NoSQL ine akati wandei maturusi ekubika ayo akaoma kumisa.
MySQL inogona kuratidza nyaya dzekuita nedata hombe.
NoSQL inopa kuita kwakanyanya pane yakakura data.
8pfungwa dzebase
Mukambani , kwandinoshanda, tinosimbaradza nzvimbo yega yega yeprojekiti neAurora MySQL relational database inobatwa paAWS. Nepo NoSQL iri sarudzo ine musoro kana chikumbiro chako chinoda kuita kwepamusoro uye scalability, isu tinotenda kuti yakasimba data kuenderana kunopihwa neDBMS kwakakosha pakuvaka SaaS application uye mamwe mabhizinesi software.
Kune vanotanga uye vanogadzira vanovaka mabhizinesi maapplication anoda kushuma, kutendeseka kwekutengeserana, uye yakanyatsotsanangurwa data modhi, kudyara mune zvehukama dhatabhesi, mumaonero edu, sarudzo chaiyo.
Dzidza zvakawanda nezvekugadzira neAurora, Serverless, uye GraphQL pa8base.com .
Source: www.habr.com
