Pakutanga zvinogara zvakaoma kunzwisisa purojekiti huru uye yekare. Architecture ndeimwe yemabasa ekuongorora kwevagadziri. Kazhinji iwe unofanirwa kushanda nemapurojekiti makuru, ekare, uye mhedzisiro inofanirwa kuendeswa muvhiki.
Maitiro ekuongorora purojekiti ye100k kana kupfuura mitsara yekodhi muvhiki uchiri kupa mhedzisiro inobatsira chaizvo kumutengi.
Vazhinji vagadziri vezvivakwa uye tekinoroji vanotungamira vakasangana neakafanana mapurojekiti kuongororwa. Izvi zvingaite senge semi-formal process kana sevhisi yakaparadzana sezvinoitwa mukambani yedu, imwe nzira kana imwewo vazhinji venyu makabata neizvi.
Yekutanga muChirungu yeshamwari dzako dzisiri dzechiRussian dzave pano: .
Maitiro ekambani yedu
Ini ndichakuudza kuti inoshanda sei mukambani yedu uye maitiro andinoita mumamiriro ezvinhu akafanana, asi iwe unogona kushandura nyore nzira iyi zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zveprojekiti yako nekambani.
Kune marudzi maviri ekuongorora kwezvivakwa.
Mukati - isu tinowanzo kuzviita kumapurojekiti mukati mekambani. Chero purojekiti inogona kukumbira kuongororwa kwekuvaka nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakati:
- Chikwata chinofunga kuti chirongwa chavo chakakwana uye izvi zvinonyumwira. Takave nezviitiko zvakadaro, uye kazhinji mumapurojekiti akadaro zvinhu zvese hazvisi kure nekunaka.
- Chikwata chinoda kuyedza chirongwa chavo uye mhinduro dzavo.
- Chikwata chinoziva kuti zvinhu zvakaipa. Vanogona kutonyora matambudziko makuru nezvikonzero, asi vanoda runyoro rwakakwana rwezvinetso uye mazano ekuvandudza chirongwa.
Kunze inzira yakarongeka kupfuura yekuongorora kwemukati. Mutengi anogara achiuya chete mune imwe kesi, kana zvese zvakaipa - zvakaipa kwazvo. Kazhinji mutengi anonzwisisa kuti kune matambudziko epasi rose, asi haakwanise kuziva zvikonzero zvacho uye ozvipwanya kuita zvikamu.
Kuongorora chivakwa chemutengi wekunze inyaya yakaoma. Nzira yacho inofanira kuva yakarongeka. Zvirongwa zvinogara zvakakura uye zvekare. Vane matambudziko mazhinji, tsikidzi uye kodhi yakakombama. Chirevo chebasa rakaitwa chinofanira kunge chakagadzirira mukati memavhiki mashoma, izvo zvinofanirwa kusanganisira matambudziko makuru uye kurudziro yekuvandudza. Nokudaro, kana tikabata nekuongorora kwekunze kweprojekti, ipapo kuongorora kwemukati kuchava chidimbu chekeke. Ngationei nyaya yakaoma zvikuru.
Enterprise project architecture assessment
Iyo yakajairika purojekiti yekuongorora ibasa rakakura, rekare, rebhizinesi rine matambudziko mazhinji. Mutengi anouya kwatiri otikumbira kuti tigadzirise chirongwa chake. Zvakafanana nechando, mutengi anoona chete chidimbu chezvinetso zvake uye haazivi kuti chii chiri pasi pemvura (pakadzika kwekodhi).
Matambudziko ayo mutengi anogona kunyunyuta nezvawo uye anogona kuziva:
- Performance Nyaya
- Zvinetso zvekushandisa
- Kuendeswa kwenguva refu
- Kushaikwa kweyuniti uye mamwe maedzo
Matambudziko ayo mutengi angangove asingazive, asi anogona kunge aripo muchirongwa:
- Matambudziko ekuchengetedza
- Matambudziko ekugadzira
- Mavakirwo asina kunaka
- Algorithmic kukanganisa
- Michina isina kufanira
- Chikwereti chehunyanzvi
- Wrong development process
Formal architecture yekuongorora maitiro
Iyi inzira yepamutemo yatinotevera sekambani, asi unogona kuigadzirisa zvinoenderana nekambani yako uye chirongwa.
Chikumbiro kubva kumutengi
Mutengi anokumbira kuongorora mavakirwo eizvino purojekiti. Munhu ane mutoro kudivi redu anounganidza ruzivo rwekutanga nezve purojekiti uye anosarudza nyanzvi dzinodiwa. Zvichienderana neprojekti, idzi dzinogona kunge dziri nyanzvi dzakasiyana.
Solution Dhizaini - munhu mukuru ane mutoro wekuongorora uye kurongeka (uye kazhinji ndiye ega).
Stack chaiyo nyanzvi - .Net, Java, Python, uye dzimwe nyanzvi dzehunyanzvi zvichienderana neprojekiti uye matekinoroji
Cloud nyanzvi -aya anogona kunge ari Azure, GCP kana AWS gore architect.
Infrastructure -DevOps, System maneja, nezvimwe.
Dzimwe nyanzvi - senge data hombe, kudzidza muchina, mainjiniya ekuita, nyanzvi yekuchengetedza, QA inotungamira.
Kuunganidza ruzivo nezve purojekiti
Iwe unofanirwa kuunganidza ruzivo rwakawanda sezvinobvira nezve purojekiti. Iwe unogona kushandisa maitiro akasiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu:
- Mibvunzo uye dzimwe nzira dzekutaurirana kuburikidza netsamba. Iyo yakanyanya kusashanda nzira.
- Misangano yepamhepo.
- Zvishandiso zvakakosha zvekutsinhana ruzivo senge: Google doc, Confluence, repositories, nezvimwe.
- "Rarama" misangano panzvimbo. Nzira inoshanda uye inodhura zvikuru.
Chii chaunofanira kuwana kubva kune mutengi?
Basic information. Chirongwa chacho chine chekuita nei? Chinangwa uye kukosha kwayo. Zvinangwa zvikuru uye zvirongwa zvenguva yemberi. Zvinangwa zvebhizimisi uye mazano. Matambudziko makuru uye mhedzisiro inodiwa.
Ruzivo rweprojekiti. Tekinoroji stack, zvimiro, mitauro yekuronga. On-premise kana cloud deployment. Kana iyo purojekiti iri mugore, ndeapi masevhisi anoshandiswa. Ndeapi maitiro ekugadzira uye ekugadzira akashandiswa.
Zvisiri-kushanda zvinodiwa. Zvese zvinodiwa zvine chekuita nekuita, kuwanikwa, uye nyore kushandisa sisitimu. Zvekuchengetedza zvinodiwa, nezvimwe.
Basic use kesi uye data inoyerera.
Kuwana kune source code. Chikamu chakakosha! Iwe unofanirwa kuwana mukana kune ma repositori uye zvinyorwa zvekuvaka purojekiti.
Kuwanikwa kune zvivakwa. Zvingave zvakanaka kuwana nhanho kana zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira kushanda neiyo live system. Iko budiriro huru kana mutengi aine maturusi ekutarisa zvivakwa uye kuita. Tichataura pamusoro pezvishandiso izvi muchikamu chinotevera.
Zvinyorwa. Kana mutengi aine zvinyorwa uku ndiko kutanga kwakanaka. Inogona kunge yakare, asi ichiri mavambo akanaka. Usambofa wakavimba nezvinyorwa - zviedze nemutengi, pane chaiyo zvivakwa uye mune kodhi kodhi.
Architecture Evaluation Process
Munhu angakwanisa sei kushandisa mashoko akawanda kudaro munguva pfupi yakadaro? Chokutanga pane zvose, fananidza basa racho.
DevOps inofanirwa kutarisa zvivakwa. Tech inotungamira mune kodhi. Performance engineer kuona maitiro ekuita metrics. Nyanzvi yedatabase inofanirwa kuchera zvakadzika mukati me data zvimiro.
Asi iyi inyaya yakanaka kana uine zvakawanda zvekushandisa. Kazhinji, munhu mumwe kusvika vatatu vanoongorora chirongwa. Iwe unogona kutoitisa fungidziro iwe pachako, izvo zvinowanzoitika kana uine ruzivo rwakakwana uye ruzivo munzvimbo dzese dzepurojekiti. Muchiitiko ichi, iwe unofanirwa kuita otomatiki ese maitiro zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.
Nehurombo, iwe uchafanirwa kuverenga zvinyorwa nemaoko. Nehuwandu hwakakodzera hwechiitiko, unogona kukurumidza kunzwisisa kunaka kwezvinyorwa. Chii chiri chokwadi uye izvo zvakajeka hazvienderani nechokwadi. Dzimwe nguva iwe unogona kuona zvivakwa muzvinyorwa zvisingamboshanda muhupenyu chaihwo. Ichi ndicho chikonzero chekuti iwe ufunge nezvekuti zvakaitwa sei muchokwadi muprojekti.
Zvishandiso zvinobatsira kuita otomatiki kuongororwa kweprojekiti
Kuongorora kwekodhi chinhu chiri nyore. Iwe unogona kushandisa static code analyzers iyo inokuratidza dhizaini, kuita, uye kuchengetedza nyaya. Heano mashoma acho:
chishandiso chikuru chemuvaki. Iyo inokuratidza iwo mufananidzo muhombe, kutsamira pakati pemamodule nenzvimbo dzinogona kuitika dzekugadzirisa. Kufanana nematurusi ese akanaka, zvinoda mari yakanaka, asi unogona kutora mukana wemazuva makumi matatu ekuedzwa vhezheni.
- chishandiso chekare chakanaka. Chishandiso che static code analysis. Inokutendera kuti uone kodhi yakaipa, tsikidzi, uye matambudziko ekuchengetedza kweinopfuura makumi maviri mitauro yekuronga.
Vese vanopa makore vane maturusi ekutarisa maturusi. Izvi zvinokutendera kuti unyatso kuongorora kushanda kwezvivakwa zvako maererano nemutengo uye kuita. ZveAWS izvi ndizvo . Zviri nyore kuAzure .
Kuwedzera kwekutarisa kwekuita uye kutema matanda kuchabatsira kuwana maitiro ekuita pamatanho ese. Kutanga kubva kune dhatabhesi ine isingashande mibvunzo, iyo yekumashure uye ichipera neyekumberi. Kunyangwe kana mutengi asina kuisa maturusi aya kare, unogona kuzvibatanidza mune iripo sisitimu nekukasira kuona nyaya dzekuita.
Senguva dzose, maturusi akanaka akakodzera. Ndinogona kurumbidza maturusi maviri akabhadharwa. Ehe iwe unogona kushandisa yakavhurika-sosi asi zvinokutorera iwe nguva yakawanda. Uye izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa kumberi, kwete panguva yekugadzira yekuongorora maitiro.
- chishandiso chekuongorora mashandiro ekushandisa
- Cloud system yekutarisa sevhisi
Kune akawanda maturusi aripo ekuongororwa kwekuchengetedza. Panguva ino ini ndichakukurudzira iwe yemahara system scanning chishandiso.
- chishandiso chekutarisa webhu maapplication kuti aenderane nemitemo yekuchengetedza.
Ngatiisei zvose pamwe chete muhumwe.
Kugadzirira mushumo
Tanga rondedzero yako nedata rawakaunganidza kubva kumutengi. Rondedzera zvinangwa zveprojekiti, zvipingaidzo, zvisingashande zvinodiwa. Mushure meizvi, data yese yekupinza inofanirwa kutaurwa: kodhi kodhi, zvinyorwa, zvivakwa.
Nhanho inotevera. Nyora chero nyaya dzawakawana iwe pachako kana kushandisa otomatiki maturusi. Isa mishumo mikuru inogadzirwa otomatiki kumagumo muchikamu chekushandisa. Panofanira kunge paine humbowo hupfupi uye hupfupi hwematambudziko anowanikwa.
Isa pamberi matambudziko anowanikwa pane kukanganisa, yambiro, info chiyero. Iwe unogona kusarudza yako chiyero, asi ichi ndicho chinowanzo gamuchirwa.
Semugadziri wechokwadi, ibasa rako kupa mazano ekugadzirisa matambudziko anowanikwa. Rondedzera kuvandudzwa uye kukosha kwebhizinesi mutengi achagamuchira. Nzira yekuratidza kukosha kwebhizimisi kubva takambokurukura.
Gadzirira mepu yemugwagwa ine zvinyorwa zvidiki. Imwe neimwe iteration inofanirwa kunge iine nguva yekupedzisa, tsananguro, huwandu hwezviwanikwa zvinodiwa pakuvandudza, kukosha kwehunyanzvi uye kukosha kwebhizinesi.
Isu tinopedzisa ongororo yekuvaka uye tinopa mutengi mushumo
Usambofa wakatumira report. Inogona kusaverengwa zvachose, kana kusaverengwa nekunzwisiswa pasina tsananguro chaiyo. Muchidimbu, kutaurirana kunobatsira kubvisa kusanzwisisana pakati pevanhu. Iwe unofanirwa kuronga musangano nemutengi uye kutaura nezve matambudziko anowanikwa, uchitarisa pane zvakanyanya kukosha. Zvakakodzera kukwevera pfungwa dzemutengi kumatambudziko aangave asingatomboziva. Zvakadai senge nyaya dzekuchengetedza uye tsanangura kuti vangakanganisa sei bhizinesi. Ratidza nzira yako nekuvandudzwa uye kurukura sarudzo dzakasiyana dzakanyanya kukodzera mutengi. Izvi zvinogona kuva nguva, zviwanikwa, huwandu hwebasa.
Sepfupiso yemusangano wako, tumira ripoti yako kumutengi.
Mukupedzisa
Architecture evaluation inzira yakaoma. Kuti uite ongororo nemazvo iwe unofanirwa kuve neruzivo rwakakwana uye ruzivo.
Zvinokwanisika kupa mutengi mhedzisiro inobatsira iye nebhizinesi rake muvhiki chete. Nyangwe ukazviita wega.
Kubva pane zvakaitika kwandiri, kuvandudzwa kwakawanda kwakatorwa pakati, uye dzimwe nguva hakuna kumbotanga. Avo vakasarudza iyo yegoridhe zvinoreva ivo pachavo uye vakangoita chikamu chekuvandudza chainyanya kubatsira kune bhizinesi nemari shoma yevashandi vakavandudza zvakanyanya kunaka kwechigadzirwa chavo. Vaya vasina kuita chinhu vaigona kuvhara basa racho zvachose pashure pemakore akati kuti.
Chinangwa chako ndechekuratidza mutengi kuvandudzwa kwepamusoro pamutengo wakaderera.
Zvimwe zvinyorwa kubva muchikamu unogona kuverenga paunenge wakasununguka.
Ndinoshuvira iwe yakachena kodhi uye yakanaka yekuvaka sarudzo.
Boka redu refacebook - .
Source: www.habr.com