Cloud Gaming inonzi imwe yetekinoroji yepamusoro yekuona izvozvi. Mumakore matanhatu, musika uyu unofanirwa kukura kagumi - kubva pamadhora makumi mana nemashanu muna 6 kusvika kumadhora mazana mana nemakumi mashanu muna 10. Tech hofori dzakatomhanya kuti dziongorore niche: Google neNvidia vakatangisa beta vhezheni yavo yegore mitambo masevhisi, uye Microsoft, EA, Ubisoft, Amazon uye Verizon vari kugadzirira kupinda muchiitiko.

Kune vatambi, izvi zvinoreva kuti munguva pfupi iri kutevera vanozokwanisa kumisa kushandisa mari pakuvandudza hardware uye kumhanya mitambo ine simba pamakomputa asina simba. Izvi zvinobatsira here kune vamwe vatori vechikamu mune ecosystem? Isu tinokuudza kuti sei mitambo yemakore ichawedzera mihoro yavo uye kuti takagadzira sei tekinoroji inoita kuti zvive nyore kupinda mumusika unovimbisa.

Vaparidzi, vanogadzira, vagadziri veTV uye telecom vanoshanda: nei vese vachida makore emitambo?

Vatsigiri vemitambo nevagadziri vanofarira kusvitsa chigadzirwa chavo kune nhamba huru yevatambi nekukurumidza sezvinobvira. Zvino, maererano nedata redu, 70% yevanogona kutenga havasviki kumutambo - havamirire kutorwa kwemutengi uye faira yekuisa inorema makumi emagigabytes. Panguva imwecheteyo, 60% yevashandisi tichitonga nemakadhi avo evhidhiyo, mumutemo, haigoni kumhanya mitambo ine simba (AAA-level) pamakombiyuta avo muhutano hunogamuchirwa. Cloud mitambo inogona kugadzirisa dambudziko iri - kwete chete haizodzikisi mihoro yevaparidzi nevagadziri, asi inovabatsira kuwedzera vanobhadhara vateereri.

Vagadziri veTV uye set-yepamusoro mabhokisi vava kutarisa kumitambo yegore. Munguva yedzimba dzakangwara uye vabatsiri vezwi, ivo vanofanirwa kuwedzera kukwikwidza kuti mushandisi atarise, uye kuita kwemitambo ndiyo nzira huru yekukwezva kutarisa uku. Nekuvakwa-mukati kwegore mutambo wemitambo, mutengi wavo achakwanisa kumhanyisa mitambo yemazuva ano zvakananga paTV, achibhadhara mugadziri webasa racho.

Mumwe anogona kuita basa mu ecosystem ndeye telecom operators. Nzira yavo yekuwedzera mari ndeyekupa mamwe masevhisi. Kubhejera ingori imwe yeaya masevhisi ayo vashandisi vari kutotanga kusuma. Rostelecom yatanga iyo "Game" mutero, Akado ari kutengesa kuwana kune yedu Playkey sevhisi. Izvi hazvisi chete nezve Broadband Internet operators. Vafambisi venhare, nekuda kwekupararira kunoshanda kwe5G, vachakwanisawo kuita kuti mitambo yegore iwane imwe sosi yemari.

Pasinei netarisiro yakajeka, kupinda mumusika hakusi nyore. Ese masevhisi aripo, kusanganisira zvigadzirwa kubva kune tekinoroji hofori, haasati akwanisa kukunda zvachose "yekupedzisira mamaira" dambudziko. Izvi zvinoreva kuti nekuda kwekusakwana kwetiweki yakananga mumba kana mufurati, kasi yeInternet yemushandisi haina kukwana kuti mitambo yegore ishande nemazvo.

Ona kuti chiratidzo cheWiFi chinopera sei sezvachinopararira kubva kune router mufurati rose

Vatambi vanga vari pamusika kwenguva yakareba uye vane zviwanikwa zvine simba vari kufamba zvishoma nezvishoma mukugadzirisa dambudziko iri. Asi kutanga mutambo wako wegore kubva kutanga muna 2019 zvinoreva kushandisa mari yakawanda, nguva, uye pamwe kusambogadzira mhinduro inoshanda. Kubatsira vese vatori vechikamu ecosystem kukura mumusika uri kukurumidza kukura, isu takagadzira tekinoroji iyo inokutendera iwe kukurumidza uye pasina mutengo wakakwira kuvhura sevhisi yako yemitambo yegore.

Magadzirirwo atakaita tekinoroji inoita kuti zvive nyore kuvhura sevhisi yako yemitambo yegore

Playkey yakatanga kugadzira tekinoroji yayo yemitambo yegore kumashure muna 2012. Kuburitswa kwekutengesa kwakaitika muna 2014, uye pakazosvika 2016, vatambi vanosvika miriyoni 2,5 vakanga vashandisa sevhisi kamwechete. Mukuvandudza kwese, takaona kufarira kwete kubva kune vatambi chete, asiwo kubva kune set-yepamusoro mabhokisi vagadziri uye telecom vanoshanda. Isu takatotangisa akati wandei mapurojekiti neNetByNet uye Er-Telecom. Muna 2018, takasarudza kuti chigadzirwa chedu chinogona kuve neB2B ramangwana.

Izvo zvinonetsa kuvandudza kune imwe neimwe kambani vhezheni yayo yegore mutambo wekubatanidza, sezvatakaita mumapurojekiti ekutyaira. Kuitwa kwega kwega kwakadaro kwakatora kubva pamwedzi mitatu kusvika kumwedzi mitanhatu. Sei? Wese munhu ane akasiyana midziyo uye masisitimu anoshanda: vamwe vanoda makore ekutamba pane Android console, nepo vamwe vachiida seIFrame muwebhu interface yeakaundi yavo yekufambisa kumakomputa. Mukuwedzera, munhu wese ane dhizaini yakasiyana, kubhadharisa (nyika yakasarudzika inoshamisa!) Zvakava pachena kuti zvaive zvakafanira kuwedzera timu yekuvandudza kakapetwa kagumi, kana kugadzira iyo yakasarudzika bhokisi reB2B mhinduro.

Muna Kurume 2019 takatanga Remote Click. Iyi isoftware iyo makambani anogona kuisa pamaseva avo uye kuwana yekushanda yegore yemitambo sevhisi. Izvi zvicharatidzika sei kumushandisi? Iye achaona bhatani pane yake yakajairika webhusaiti iyo inomutendera kuti atange mutambo mugore. Kana wadzvanywa, mutambo uchatanga pane server yekambani, uye mushandisi achaona rukova uye okwanisa kutamba ari kure. Hezvino izvo zvingaite senge pane yakakurumbira dhijitari mutambo wekugovera masevhisi.

Active kurwira kunaka. Uye kungoitawo.

Isu tichakuudza ikozvino kuti Remote Click inobata sei nezvakawanda zvipingamupinyi zvehunyanzvi. Cloud mutambo weiyo yekutanga wave (semuenzaniso, OnLive) yakakanganiswa nehurombo hwemhando yeInternet pakati pevashandisi. Kudzoka muna 2010, avhareji yeInternet yekubatanidza kumhanya muUS aiva chete 4,7 Mbit/s. Pakazosvika 2017, yakanga yatokura kusvika 18,7 Mbit / s, uye nokukurumidza 5G ichaonekwa kwose kwose uye nguva itsva ichatanga. Nekudaro, kunyangwe ichokwadi chekuti hurongwa hwese hwakagadzirira mutambo wegore, iyo yatotaurwa "yekupedzisira mamaira" dambudziko rinoramba riripo.

Rimwe divi rayo, ratinodaidza kuti chinangwa: mushandisi ane matambudziko netiweki. Semuenzaniso, mushandisi haaratidzi iyo yakataurwa yekumhanyisa kumhanya. Kana kuti unoshandisa 2,4 GHz WiFi, ine ruzha ine microwave uye mbeva isina waya.

Rimwe divi, iro ratinodaidza kuti subjective: mushandisi haatombofungi kuti ane matambudziko netiweki (haazive kuti haazive)! Pazvakanakisa, ane chokwadi chekuti sezvo mushandisi achimutengesa 100 Mbit / s mutero, ane 100 Mbit / s Internet. Pakaipisisa, haazivi kuti router chii, uye Indaneti yakakamurwa kuva bhuruu uye ruvara. Mhosva chaiyo kubva kuKasdev.

Bhuruu uye ruvara internet.

Asi zvikamu zviviri zvedambudziko remamaira yekupedzisira zvinogadziriswa. Pa Remote Dzvanya isu tinoshandisa inoshanda uye inongoita maitiro eizvi. Pazasi pane nyaya yakadzama pamusoro pemabatiro avanoita zvipingamupinyi.

Active michina

1. Inoshanda inodzivirira ruzha-inodzivirira coding ye data yakatumirwa aka redundancy (FEC - Forward Error Correction)

Kana uchitumira vhidhiyo data kubva kuseva kuenda kune mutengi, ruzha-inodzivirira coding inoshandiswa. Nerubatsiro rwayo, tinodzosera iyo yekutanga data kana yarasika zvishoma nekuda kwematambudziko etiweki. Chii chinoita kuti mhinduro yedu ibudirire?

1. Speed. Encoding uye decoding inokurumidza kwazvo. Kunyangwe pamakomputa "asina kusimba", kuvhiya hakutore kupfuura 1 ms ye0,5 MB yedata. Saka, encoding uye decoding inowedzera inenge isina latency kana uchitamba kuburikidza negore. Kukosha hakugoni kuwandisa.

1. Maximum data kudzoreredza kugona. Sezvineiwo, chiyero cheyakawandisa data vhoriyamu uye vhoriyamu inogona kudzoserwa. Muchiitiko chedu, chiyero = 1. Ngatiti iwe unoda kuendesa 1 MB yevhidhiyo. Kana tikawedzera 300 KB yeimwe data panguva ye encoding (iyi inonzi redundancy), saka panguva yekunyora maitiro ekudzorera 1 yepakutanga megabyte tinongoda chero 1 MB yehuwandu hwe1,3 MB yakatumirwa nevhavha. Mune mamwe mazwi, tinogona kurasikirwa ne300 KB uye tichiri kudzoreredza data rekutanga. Sezvaunogona kuona, 300 / 300 = 1. Iyi ndiyo yakanyanya kunaka inogoneka.
2. Kuchinjika mukumisikidza yakawedzera data vhoriyamu panguva yekukodha. Isu tinokwanisa kumisikidza yakaparadzana nhanho yekudzokororwa kune yega yega vhidhiyo furemu inoda kufambiswa pane network. Semuenzaniso, nekuona matambudziko mumambure, tinogona kuwedzera kana kuderedza chiyero chekuregererwa.  

Isu tinotamba Doom kuburikidza nePlaykey paCore i3, 4 GB RAM, MSI GeForce GTX 750.

2. Kuendesa data

Imwe nzira yekurwisa kurasikirwa ndeyekukumbira data kakawanda. Semuenzaniso, kana sevha nemushandisi vari muMoscow, ipapo kunonoka kwekutumira hakuzopfuure 5 ms. Nekukosha uku, iyo mutengi application ichave nenguva yekukumbira uye kugamuchira iyo yakarasika chikamu che data kubva kune server pasina mushandisi kuona. Yedu system pachayo inosarudza nguva yekushandisa redundancy uye nguva yekushandisa kutumira.

3. Zvirongwa zvega zvega zvekuendesa data

Kuti usarudze nzira yakakwana yekurwisa kurasikirwa, algorithm yedu inoongorora network yemushandisi uye inogadzirisa iyo data data system yega pachiitiko chega chega.

Anotarisa:

• mhando yekubatanidza (Ethernet, WiFi, 3G, nezvimwewo);
• WiFi frequency range inoshandiswa - 2,4 GHz kana 5 GHz;
• WiFi chiratidzo simba.

Kana isu tikatarisa kubatanidza nekurasikirwa uye kunonoka, saka iyo yakavimbika ndeye, hongu, waya. Pamusoro peEthernet, kurasikirwa hakuwanzo uye kunonoka-mamaira kunonoka hakugoneki. Ipapo kunouya WiFi 5 GHz uye chete ipapo WiFi 2,4 GHz. Nharembozha dzekubatanidza dzinowanzo marara, isu takamirira 5G.

Paunenge uchishandisa WiFi, sisitimu inogadzirisa otomatiki adapta yemushandisi, ichiisa mumodhi yakanyatsokodzera kushandiswa mugore (semuenzaniso, kudzima simba rekuchengetedza).

4. Gadzirisa encoding

Kutepfenyura kwevhidhiyo kuripo nekuda kwemacodecs-zvirongwa zvekumanikidza uye kudzoreredza data revhidhiyo. Mune fomu isina kumanikidzwa, imwe sekondi yevhidhiyo inogona nyore kudarika zana megabytes, uye codec inoderedza kukosha uku nekuraira kwehukuru. Isu tinoshandisa H264 uye H265 macodecs.

H264 ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa. Vese makuru ekugadzira makadhi evhidhiyo vanga vachiitsigira muhardware kweanopfuura makore gumi. Iyo H265 mutsivi wechidiki akashinga. Vakatanga kutsigira muhardware makore mashanu apfuura. Encoding uye decoding muH265 inoda zvimwe zviwanikwa, asi kunaka kweiyo compressed furemu inooneka yakakwira kupfuura muH264. Uye pasina kuwedzera inzwi!

Ndeipi codec yekusarudza uye ndeipi encoding paramita yekuseta kune chaiyo mushandisi, zvichibva pane yake hardware? Basa risiri diki ratinogadzirisa otomatiki. Iyo smart system inoongorora kugona kwemidziyo, inoisa iyo yakakwana encoder paramita uye inosarudza decoder padivi revatengi.

5. Muripo wekurasikirwa

Takanga tisingadi kuzvibvuma, asi kunyange isu hatina kukwana. Imwe data yakarasika mukati metiweki yakadzika haigone kudzoserwa uye isu hatina nguva yekuidzosera. Asi kunyange munyaya iyi pane nzira yekubuda nayo.

Semuenzaniso, kugadzirisa bitrate. Yedu algorithm inogara ichitarisisa huwandu hwe data inotumirwa kubva kune server kune mutengi. Inorekodha kushomeka kwese uye inofanotaura kurasikirwa kunobvira mune ramangwana. Basa rayo nderekuona nenguva, uye nekufanotaura, kana kurasikirwa kwasvika paukoshi hwakakosha uye kutanga kugadzira kupindira pachiratidziro kunoonekwa kumushandisi. Uye panguva ino gadzirisa huwandu hwe data yakatumirwa (bitrate).

Isu tinoshandisa zvakare kusashanda kwemafuremu asina kuunganidzwa uye magadzirirwo ereferenzi mafuremu murukova rwevhidhiyo. Maturusi ese ari maviri anoderedza kuwanda kwezvinhu zvinoonekwa. Ndokunge, kunyangwe nekukanganisa kwakanyanya mukufambiswa kwedata, mufananidzo uri pachiratidziri unoramba uchigamuchirwa uye mutambo unoramba uchitamba.

6. Kugovera kutumira

Kutumira data yakagoverwa nekufamba kwenguva zvakare kunovandudza kunaka kwekutenderera. Kunyatsogovera sei kunoenderana nezviratidzo zvakananga mumambure, semuenzaniso, kuvapo kwekurasikirwa, ping nezvimwe zvinhu. Yedu algorithm inovaongorora uye inosarudza yakanakisa sarudzo. Dzimwe nguva kugovera mukati memamilliseconds mashoma kunoderedza kurasikirwa zvakanyanya.

7. Deredza Kunonoka

Imwe yeakakosha maitiro kana uchitamba pamusoro pegore ndeye latency. Iyo idiki, iyo inonyanya kugadzikana iyo iri kutamba. Kunonoka kunogona kukamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri:

• network kana kunonoka kuendesa data;

• kunonoka kwehurongwa (kubviswa kwekutonga padivi remutengi, kutorwa kwemifananidzo pane sevha, encoding yemifananidzo, nzira dziri pamusoro dzekugadzirisa data rekutumira, kuunganidza data pamutengi, kudhirodha mifananidzo uye kupa).

Iyo network inotsamira pane zvivakwa uye kubata nayo kunonetsa. Kana waya yatsengwa nembeva, kutamba nengoma hazvibatsire. Asi system latency inogona kudzikiswa zvakanyanya uye mhando yemitambo yegore yemutambi ichachinja zvakanyanya. Pamusoro peiyo yatotaurwa inodzivirira-ruzha coding uye yakasarudzika marongero, isu tinoshandisa maviri mamwe maitiro.

1. Kurumidza gamuchira data kubva kumidziyo yekudzora (kiyibhodhi, mbeva) padivi remutengi. Kunyangwe pamakomputa asina simba, 1-2 ms inokwana pane izvi.
2. Kudhirowa system cursor pane mutengi. Iyo mbeva pointer inogadziriswa kwete pane iri kure server, asi muPlaykey mutengi pane komputa yemushandisi, ndiko kuti, pasina kunonoka kudiki. Hongu, izvi hazvikanganisi kutonga chaiko kwemutambo, asi chinhu chikuru pano ndechekuona kwevanhu.  

Kudhirowa chitubu pasina kunonoka muPlaykey uchishandisa muenzaniso weApex Legends

Tichishandisa tekinoroji yedu, ine network latency ye0 ms uye kushanda nevhidhiyo rwizi rwe60 FPS, iyo latency yehurongwa hwese haipfuure 35 ms.

Passive nzira

Muchiitiko chedu, vashandisi vazhinji havana zano diki kuti zvishandiso zvavo zvinobatana sei neInternet. Mukubvunzurudzwa nevatambi, zvakazoitika kuti vamwe havazivi kuti router chii. Uye zvakanaka! Iwe haufanirwe kuziva injini yekupisa yemukati kuti utyaire mota. Haufanire kuda kuti mushandisi ave neruzivo rwemaneja system kuitira kuti atambe.

Nekudaro, zvichiri kukosha kuendesa mamwe mapoinzi ehunyanzvi kuitira kuti mutambi akwanise kuzvimiririra kubvisa zvipingamupinyi padivi pake. Uye isu tinomubatsira.

1. 5GHz WiFi rutsigiro chiratidzo

Isu takanyora pamusoro kuti tinoona iyo Wi-Fi yakajairwa - 5 GHz kana 2,4 GHz. Isu tinoziva zvakare kana iyo network adapta yemushandisi mudziyo inotsigira kugona kushanda pa5 GHz. Uye kana hongu, saka isu tinokurudzira kushandisa iri renji. Isu hatigone kushandura frequency isu pachedu, nekuti isu hatisi kuona maitiro eiyo router.

2. WiFi chiratidzo chesimba chiratidzo

Kune vamwe vashandisi, chiratidzo cheWiFi chinogona kunge chisina kusimba, kunyangwe iyo Internet iri kushanda zvakanaka uye ichiita kunge iri kumhanya kunogamuchirwa. Dambudziko richaratidzwa chaizvo nemitambo yegore, iyo inoisa network kumiedzo chaiyo.

Simba rechiratidzo rinokanganiswa nezvipingamupinyi zvakadai semadziro uye kupindira kubva kune mamwe madivayiri. Iwo ma microwave akafanana anoburitsa zvakawanda. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kurasikirwa kunomuka kusingaonekwe kana uchishanda paInternet, asi yakakosha kana uchitamba kuburikidza negore. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, tinonyevera mushandisi nezvekuvhiringidza, tinokurudzira kuswedera pedyo ne router uye kudzima "ruzha" zvishandiso.

3. Chiratidzo chevatengi vemigwagwa

Kunyangwe iyo network yakanaka, mamwe maapplication anogona kunge achidya yakawandisa traffic. Semuenzaniso, kana zvakafanana nemutambo uri mugore vhidhiyo iri kushanda paYouTube kana nzizi dziri kutorwa. Chikumbiro chedu chinozivisa mbavha uye chinoyambira mutambi nezvadzo.

Kutya kubva kare - debunking ngano nezve cloud mitambo

Cloud mitambo, senzira nyowani yekushandisa zvekutamba, yanga ichiedza kupinda mumusika kweanoda kusvika makore gumi izvozvi. Uye sezvakangoita chero hutsva, nhoroondo yavo inoteedzana yekukunda kudiki uye kukundwa kukuru. Hazvishamisi kuti nekufamba kwemakore mitambo yemitambo yakazadzwa nengano uye kusarurana. Pakutanga kwekuvandudzwa kwemichina vakaruramiswa, asi nhasi havana zvachose.

Ngano 1. Mufananidzo uri mugore wakaipisisa kupfuura wepakutanga - unoita seuri kutamba paYouTube.

Nhasi, mune yehunyanzvi hwepamberi yegore mhinduro, mifananidzo yepakutanga uye yegore inenge yakafanana - mutsauko haugone kuwanikwa neziso rakashama. Kugadziriswa kwega kweencoder kumidziyo yemutambi uye seti yemaitiro ekurwisa kurasikirwa inovhara iyi nyaya. Pane network yemhando yepamusoro hapana kubvrika kwemafuremu kana graphic artifacts. Isu tinototora mvumo mukufunga. Hapana chikonzero chekutenderera pa1080p kana mutambi ari kushandisa 720p.

Pazasi pane maviri Apex Legends mavhidhiyo kubva kuchiteshi chedu. Mune imwe nyaya, uku kurekodha gameplay kana uchitamba paPC, mune imwe, kuburikidza nePlaykey.

Apex Legends paPC

Apex Legends paPlaykey

Nhema 2. Hunhu husina kugadzikana

Mamiriro etiweki zvechokwadi haana kugadzikana, asi dambudziko iri rakagadziriswa. Isu tinoshandura zvine simba marongero encoder zvichienderana nemhando yetiweki yemushandisi. Uye isu tinochengetedza inogara inogamuchirwa FPS nhanho tichishandisa akakosha ekutora mifananidzo.

Inoshanda sei? Mutambo uyu une 3D injini inovaka 3D nyika. Asi mushandisi anoratidzwa mufananidzo wakatsetseka. Kuti azvione, mufananidzo wekurangarira unogadzirwa kune yega yega furemu - rudzi rwemufananidzo wekuti ino 3D nyika inoonekwa sei kubva pane imwe nzvimbo. Mufananidzo uyu unochengetwa mune encoded fomu muvhidhiyo memory buffer. Isu tinoibata kubva mundangariro yevhidhiyo uye toipfuudza kune encoder, iyo inotoibvisa. Uye zvichingodaro neimwe furemu, imwe neimwe.

Tekinoroji yedu inobvumidza iwe kutora uye decode mifananidzo mune imwe rwizi, iyo inowedzera FPS. Uye kana maitiro aya akaitwa nenzira yakafanana (mhinduro yakakurumbira pamusika wemitambo wegore), ipapo encoder inogara ichiwana kubatwa, tora mafuremu matsva nekunonoka uye, zvinoenderana, woaendesa nekunonoka.

Vhidhiyo iri pamusoro pechidzitiro inotorwa uchishandisa single-stream yekutora uye decoding tekinoroji.

Nhema 3. Nekuda kwekunonoka mukutonga, ini ndichave "kenza" muvazhinji

Kudzora kunonoka kunowanzoita mamilliseconds mashoma. Uye kazhinji haionekwi kune yekupedzisira mushandisi. Asi dzimwe nguva mutsauko mudiki unoonekwa pakati pekufamba kwegonzo uye kufamba kwechitubu. Hazvikonzeri chero chinhu, asi zvinogadzira maonero asina kunaka. Iyo yakatsanangurwa pamusoro-inodhirowa yecursor yakananga pamudziyo wemushandisi inobvisa iyi drawback. Zvikasadaro, iyo yakazara system latency ye30-35 ms yakadzikira zvekuti hapana mutambi kana vanomupikisa mumutambo vanocherechedza chero chinhu. Mhedzisiro yehondo inosarudzwa chete neunyanzvi. Humbowo huri pazasi.

Streamer inokotama kuburikidza nePlaykey

Chii chinotevera

Cloud mitambo yatove chokwadi. Playkey, PlayStation Zvino, Shadow vari kushanda masevhisi nevateereri vavo uye nzvimbo mumusika. Uye semisika zhinji midiki, mitambo yegore ichakura nekukurumidza mumakore anotevera.

Chimwe chezviitiko zvinoita sezvingangoita kwatiri kubuda kwemasevhisi avo kubva kune vatsikisi vemitambo nevashandisi venhare. Vamwe vanogadzira yavo, vamwe vachashandisa yakagadzirira-yakaiswa pasuru mhinduro, senge RemoteClick.net. Kuwanda kwevatambi varipo pamusika, iyo inokurumidza nzira yegore yekudyara zvemitambo inove yakakurumbira.

Source: www.habr.com