Ndakaona kukanganisa uku (kana, kana uchida, mutsauko) ndichitarisa shandurudzo paNETGEAR switch. Chokwadi ndechekuti pakuturikira izwi iri "hunde" zvakakosha kuti titarise kuti kududzirwa kwaani kunotewerwa nemutengesi - Cisco kana HP, nekuti pane chirevo chehunyanzvi chakasiyana pakati pavo.
Ngatizvionei.
Ngatitarisei dambudziko tichishandisa mienzaniso inotevera:
1 Cisco
2. HP
Muverengi akateerera anozviona "hunde" ine chirevo chakasiyana mumienzaniso iyi.
Ngatichere.
Cisco shanduro
Cisco pasi "hunde'om' anonzwisisa point-to-point channel (yekutaurirana chiteshi inobatanidza zvakananga zvishandiso zviviri), iyo inobatanidza switch uye imwe network network, senge imwe switch kana router. Basa rake ndere pfuura traffic yeakati wandei maVLAN kuburikidza nechiteshi chimwe uye uvape mukana wekuwana kune network yese. Kazhinji inonzi "hunde", zvine musoro.
Pfungwa yekushanda
Ngatitange nei chii chinonzi VLAN?
VLANs zvinomiririra Virtual yenzvimbo network kana virtual local network. Iyi tekinoroji inobvumidza iwe kupatsanura imwe yemuviri network kuita akati wandei ane musoro anoshanda akazvimirira kubva kune mumwe nemumwe. Somuenzaniso, pane kambani Human Resources Department, accounting ΠΈ IT department. Ivo vane yavo switch, iyo yakabatana kuburikidza nepakati switch mune imwechete network, uye ndiyo network yemadhipatimendi aya anoda kuparadzaniswa kubva kune mumwe nemumwe. Ndipo panouya tekinoroji yeVLAN kuzonunura.
Izvi ndizvo zvinoita network, yakakamurwa kuita maVLAN (virtual network).
Kazhinji mavara akasiyana anoshandiswa kuratidza VLAN.
Saka zviteshi zvakaiswa girini zviri mune imwe VLAN, uye zviteshi zvakaiswa mutsvuku zviri mune imwe. Ipapo makomputa ari muVLAN imwechete anogona kutaurirana chete nomumwe nomumwe, asi havagone nemakomputa eimwe VLAN.
Shanduko mukuchinja tafura muVLAN
Paunenge uchigadzira maVLAN, imwe munda inowedzerwa kune tafura yekuchinja umo VLAN identifiers inoratidzwa. Yakarerutswa inoita seizvi:
Pano tinoona kuti zviteshi 1 uye 2 ndezveVLAN 2, uye zviteshi 3 ne4 ndezveVLAN 10.
Enderera mberi. Pane iyo data link layer, data inofambiswa nenzira yemafuremu (mafuremu) Kana uchitumira mafuremu kubva kune imwe switch kuenda kune imwe, ruzivo runodiwa nezve iyo VLAN imwe furemu ndeyapi. Iyi ruzivo inowedzerwa kune inofambiswa furemu. Parizvino, chiyero chakavhurika chinoshandiswa kune ichi chinangwa. IEEE 802.1Q. Nhanho-ne-nhanho shanduko yefuremu muVLAN
- Iyo komputa inogadzira uye inotumira yakajairika furemu (frame, inozivikanwawo sepaketi padanho rekubatanidza, i.e. padanho rekuchinja)pasina kuwedzera chinhu. Iyi furemu inoita seizvi:
- Switch inogamuchira furemu. Zvinoenderana netafura yekuchinja, inonzwisisa kuti iyo kombiyuta yakabva kupi uye iyo VLAN komputa iyi ndeyapi. Ipapo switch yacho pachayo inowedzera ruzivo rwebasa kune furemu, iyo inonzi tag. Tegi imunda mushure meanotumira kero yeMAC, iyo ine, ingangoita kutaura, iyo VLAN nhamba. Izvi ndizvo zvinoita furemu ine tag inoita se:
Iyo switch inozotumira iyi furemu kune imwe switch.
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Shanduko inogamuchira iyo furemu inobvisa ruzivo rweVLAN kubva kwairi, ndiko kuti, inonzwisisa kuti ndeipi komputa iyi furemu inoda kutumirwa, inobvisa ruzivo rwese rwesevhisi kubva pafuremu uye ichiendesa kune komputa yeanogamuchira.
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Iyo furemu inosvika pakombuta yeanogamuchira pasina chero ruzivo rwesevhisi.
Zvino ngatidzokere kune yeduhunde'iwe'. Chinja zviteshi zvinotsigira VLAN zvinogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka maviri:
- Tagged ports (kana trunk ports Ρ Cisco)
- Untagged ports (kana access ports)
Isu tinofarira tagged ports kana trunk ports. Vanoshumira chaizvo imwe chiteshi zvaikwanisika kuendesa data ye zvakasiyana VLAN uye gamuchira data kubva kune akati wandei maVLAN pane imwe chiteshi (tinorangarira kuti kazhinji madoko kubva kune akasiyana maVLAN haaonane).
Mumufananidzo uyu, tagged ports inhamba 21 ΠΈ 22, iyo inobatanidza ma switch maviri. Mafuremu, semuenzaniso, kubva pakombuta, achapfuura nepakati pavo Π kukomputa Π, iyo iri muVLAN imwechete, maererano nechirongwa chakatsanangurwa pamusoro apa.
Saka, nzira yekukurukurirana pakati pezviteshi izvi ndeye Cisco ndizvo zvinonzi"hunde'ohm'.
ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ HP
Ko kambani inodudzira sei izwi iri?
Hatisi kutaura nezveVLANs pano zvachose. In case of HP tiri kutaura nezvechannel aggregation tekinoroji. Vakadaro "hunde" - izvi logic channel, iyo inobatanidza nzira dzakawanda dzemuviri. Iyi kusanganiswa inokubvumira kuti uwedzere kubuda uye kuvimbika kwechiteshi. Ngatizvitarisei nemuenzaniso. Ngatitii tine maswichi maviri, imwe neimwe ine zviteshi zvina uye zviteshi izvi zvakabatanidzwa kune imwe neimwe newaya ina.
Kana iwe ukasiya zvese sezvazviri - zvinongobatana pakati pema switch - ipapo aya mabatiro anozotumirana mafuremu kune mumwe nemumwe mudenderedzwa, i.e. fomu. zvishwe (uye mafuremu ekutepfenyura achadzokororwa kakawanda, achiunza maswichi mudutu renhepfenyuro).
Kubatana kwakafanana kwakadaro kunotariswa redundant, uye dzinoda kubviswa, STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) iripo nokuda kwechinangwa ichi. Zvino kubva pamatinji edu mana, STP inodzima matatu nekuti inovaona sevasina basa, uye chete kubatana kunosara.
Saka, kana tikabatanidza aya mana emuviri chiteshi, pachave neimwe inonzwisisika chiteshi ine yakawedzera bandwidth pakati pema switch (kukurumidza kukurumidza kwekufambiswa kwemashoko pamusoro penzira yekutaurirana pachikamu chenguva) Ndiko kuti, nzira ina dzinoshandiswa panguva imwe chete, uye dambudziko rine redundant connections rinogadziriswa. Ndiyo nzira inonzwisisika (yakaunganidzwa) inonzi HP "hunde'ohm'.
Link aggregation inogona kugadzirwa pakati pema switch maviri, switch uye router. Anosvika sere machanera emuviri anogona kusanganiswa kuita imwe inonzwisisika chiteshi. Izvo zvakakosha kuti zviteshi zvese zvakasanganiswa kuita chiteshi chakasanganiswa zvine ma paramita akafanana:
- mhando yenzira yekufambisa (yakamonyoroka pair, optical fiber, nezvimwewo),
- kumhanya,
- kuyerera kwekutonga uye duplex mode.
Kana imwe yemachiteshi pane yakaunganidzwa chinongedzo ikatadza, chinongedzo chicharamba chichishanda. Zviteshi zvechiteshi chakaunganidzwa zvinoonekwa sechinhu chimwe chete, chinowirirana nepfungwa yegwara rine musoro.
Uye kuti tinyatsojekesa mufananidzo, tinocherechedza kuti teknolojia yakadaro ine Cisco inonzi EtherChannel. EtherChannel - chiteshi chekubatanidza tekinoroji yakagadzirwa ne Cisco. Zvinoreva zvakafanana, zvinokutendera kuti ubatanidze akati wandei emuviri Ethernet chiteshi mune imwe ine musoro.
Saka izwi hunde rinoturikirwa zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu sezvinotevera:
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mune chinja zvinyorwa Cisco - trunk port, tagged port, trunk port;
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mune chinja zvinyorwa HP - aggregated port, aggregated channel.
Kana iwe uchida kunzwisisa iyo musoro zvakadzama, pazasi pane diki runyorwa rwezvinyorwa.
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Cisco: (kana seizvi:
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HB:
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VLAN:
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Kuunganidzwa kwechiteshi:
Source: www.habr.com