Tese tinonyatsoziva kuti hupenyu hwakachinja sei mumamiriyoni-pamwe nemaguta mumakore achangopfuura maererano nezvivakwa. Chikwata chedu kuLANIT-Kubatanidzwa chinoshanda zvakanyanya pamapurojekiti eguta rakangwara. Mune ino post, tinoda kutsanangura muchidimbu shanduko dzakaitika muguta guru maererano nekuvaka guta rakangwara, uye enzanisa metropolis yakakura muRussia, Moscow, nemamwe maguta makuru pasirese, uko hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi huri kuitwa. nekukurumidza, uye dzimwe nguva nekukurumidza.
Maguta akangwara ari kuwedzera. Masevhisi emazuva ano anoonekwa ese ari mumaguta akagadzirwa, akadai seMasdar (guta remangwana risina mota) kana eco-tekinoroji Tianjin yakagadzirwa neChina neSingapore, uye mumaguta makuru, semuenzaniso, muMoscow ( inoisa padanho neSingapore, Hong Kong neNew York). Sekureva kwevanoongorora, masevhisi emuguta akangwara achaunza madhora mazana mana emadhora panosvika 2020. , iyo inogona kunzi yakachengeteka kurudziro yekuvandudza kwezvivakwa mumaguta emazuva ano.
Asi ngatidzokere kuguta redu (mushure mezvose, ruzhinji rweRussia rwakashanyira Moscow, kusiyana neNew York kana Mexico City). Mumakore gumi nemashanu apfuura, Moscow yakaona akawanda matsva, "akangwara" mativi, uye inobudirira kukwikwidzana neakawanda makuru makuru enyika maererano nechiyero chekupinda kwehunyanzvi hwemazuva ano. Asi panguva imwecheteyo, mvura inopisa inogona kuvharwa muMoscow kwemazuva gumi.
Nekudaro, Moscow iri kure nemaguta akaita seTokyo kana Delhi maererano nehuwandu hwevanhu, uye humwe hunoshamisa hwehunyanzvi tekinoroji iyo mamwe maguta mazhinji pasi rese anga asati asvika kwatiri. Saka, nemukuru mukuru Moscow inosara kuseri kweToronto mukuvandudza kwezvivakwa zvemhando yepamusoro, Tokyo mukushongedza dzimba dzakangwara, Sydney mune digitalization yekushanya, uye New York maererano nedanho rekusimudzira hupfumi hwedhijitari. Asi guta rakangwara harisi kunyange nyika, asi vector yebudiriro. Iyo inonyanya kunakidza mienzaniso chaiyo yekuitwa kweakangwara matekinoroji mumaguta anotungamira mune zviyero.
senga
Zvifambiso zvekufambisa ndeimwe yematanho akaomarara mukuitwa kweiyo smart city concept. Kutsvikinyidzana kwemigwagwa nemigwagwa mikuru kunomanikidza metropolis kupa mikana yakawanda sezvinobvira yekufamba kwevanhu, pamwe nekugadzira masevhisi aizobatsira kuronga nzendo uye, zvechokwadi, kuvabhadhara.
Semuenzaniso, muSingapore, uko kuva nemotokari kunowanzo kudhura, kune avo vanosarudza kushandisa zvifambiso zvemunhu, mamiriro akanyanya kunaka anogadzirwa. Kuti uite izvi, marobhoti akangwara anogara achiongorora mafambiro emigwagwa uye kuchinja nguva yechiratidzo che "girinhi" kune akasiyana nzira, zvichienderana nekuwanda kwekuyerera kwetraffic. Shanghai inoshandisa smart parking lots ine geomagnetic sensors inonyoresa nhamba yemotokari dzasara uye inobvumidza iwe kuwana nzvimbo dzemahara kuburikidza nenharembozha.
. MuSingapore, mari zhinji dzakagoverwa kumapurojekiti ekuchengetedza veruzhinji.
Kuenzanisa, nzira dzakawanda itsva dziri kugadzirwa muMoscow kamwechete kugadzirisa dambudziko rekufambisa. Saka, nhasi musika wekugovera mota weMoscow uri . Nezve eco-hushamwari bhasikoro, guta guru reRussia richiri pachinzvimbo chegumi nerimwe munyika, asi ichi chatova kubudirira, nekuti kumashure muna 11 pakanga pasina mamiriro evatasvi vebhasikoro muguta redu. Pakati pa 2010 na 2011, hurefu hwese hwemigwagwa yekutenderera hwakawedzera nekapfumbamwe, uye zvinoreva kumwe kuwedzera.
Kuti vadzivise muedzo wokupaka zvachose, dzimwe nzvimbo muLondon, Tokyo, SΓ£o Paulo neMexico City dzakaunza nguva dzekupaka dzepakati peguta dzisingagoni kudarika. MuMoscow, dambudziko rekufamba kwemotokari pakati peguta rakagadziriswa muna 2013 nerubatsiro rwenzvimbo yekupaka yeMoscow, uye panguva imwechete, basa rekutanga rekugovera motokari, Chero nguva, rakaonekwa. Kukura kunoputika kwekugovana mota muMoscow kwakaitika mukudonha kwe2015, apo chirongwa cheMoscow Carsharing chakatangwa. Makambani ekurojesa mota akakwanisa kutenga mvumo yekupaka yakasarudzika muguta guru. mukupera kwegore ra2018, imwe motokari yemotokari yakaverengera 1082 Muscovites ine imwezve hurongwa hwezviremera kuti isvike chiyero che1 kusvika ku500 vagari. Zvisinei, hazvisi zvinhu zvose zvinoshanduka kuva zvakanyanyisa muchokwadi. Iyo itsva Street Falcon yekupaka nguva yekudzora masisitimu nguva nenguva ichiburitsa faindi dzisiridzo kumotokari, , uye metropolitan mota yekugovera masevhisi dzimwe nguva inopa maroja .
Asi kunewo mashoko akanaka,, Moscow iri panzvimbo yechipiri maererano nehuwandu hwekutumirwa kwemigwagwa yemigwagwa mushure meBeijing uye inoenderera mberi nekuvaka migwagwa. Uye zviremera zveSeoul, pamusoro pekuvaka migwagwa mitsva, zvakasarudzawo kuunza migwagwa inobhadharisa mukati meguta kuitira kuti vatyairi vagone kukurumidza kusvika panzvimbo chaiyo, vachibhadhara mari zvichienderana nedaro.
Kukurukurirana nekukurukurirana
Maererano ne , muna 2018 mutungamiri wenyika muhuwandu hwemahara Wi-Fi hotspots iSingapore. Zvinopfuura 20 wireless network yekuwana nzvimbo dzakaiswa munzvimbo ino yeguta. Panzvimbo yechipiri iSeoul ine 000 hotspots, uye nzvimbo yechitatu yakaenda kuMoscow, iyo ine 8678 hotspots yakaiswa uye ine yepamusoro data data pane mobile network, uye nhamba yeWi-Fi hotspots iri kuramba ichikura.
Vaongorori vePWC vanotenda kuti muna 2018 guta redu guru rakakunda kunyange New York, London, Tokyo maererano nehuwandu hwemahara eWi-Fi nzvimbo ndokupinda vatungamiriri vatatu vepamusoro pasirese, padyo neSeoul, iri pachinzvimbo chechipiri pasirese.
Zvakare, iyo yakagadziridzwa yeWi-Fi maturakiti ekufambisa anobatsira kwete vagari vemuguta chete, asiwo vashanyi. Saka, inokurumidza uye yemahara isina waya Internet mu subway uye pane aeroexpress pamwe nekuwanikwa kweWi-Fi mumapaki, nhandare nenzvimbo dzeveruzhinji.
Chiitiko chemamwe maguta mukuronga iyo Internet yekuwana zvivakwa inonakidza zvakare. Semuenzaniso, muMexico City, chirongwa chave chichiitwa kwenguva yakareba, mukati meiyo nzvimbo yeWi-Fi iri kuvakwa ne ... Google. Kubatanidzwa kwekambani yekutengeserana kwakabvumira kuwedzera zvakanyanya kuwedzera kwenhamba yenzvimbo dzekuwana, nokuda kwekusika iyo hurumende yakanga isina mari.
. Mexico City iri pakati pemaguta ane anopfuura makumi matatu muzana akangwara ekugamuchira rates (McKinsey).
Kukurukurirana nehurumende
Mobility itsika yemaguta anhasi akangwara, uye saka huwandu uye mhando yemaapps ayo chero munhu anogona kushandisa anoita basa rakakura. Saka, , pakati pevatungamiri vari munhanho yekuvandudza kufambiswa kwemashoko pakati pehurumende nevagari iNew York, Los Angeles neSan Francisco muAmerica, Seoul, Singapore neShenzhen muAsia, neLondon neMoscow muEurope.
Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa sevhisi yenhare muMoscow inogona kutorwa seActive Citizen application, inova yemagetsi chikuva chekubata mareferendamu mune inodyidzana fomu. Kuburikidza ne "Active Citizen" nyaya dzese dzakanyanya kukosha dzekusimudzirwa kweguta uye matunhu ega ega dzinogadziriswa.
Iyo purojekiti "Guta Redu" rava rudzi rwekuwedzera kune "Active Citizen" uye ibhuku rekunyunyuta - nzira yekuonana nevakuru veguta uye kuwana mhinduro. Ese masevhisi aya anoshanda kuburikidza nenharembozha.
Nerubatsiro rweActive Citizen, zviremera zvinounganidza 200-300 zviuru zvemafungiro pachinhu chimwe nechimwe chakakosha, uye Guta Redu rinogadzirisa zvichemo zviuru makumi maviri neshanu svondo rega rega, imwe neimwe inotora avhareji yemazuva mana kugadzirisa. Kushanda kwemasevhisi aya kwave chikonzero che shandisa nzira yakafanana yedhijitari mumatunhu.
Chengetedzo uye vhidhiyo yekutarisa
Nekuwedzera kukurumidza kwemanetiweki, iyo vhidhiyo yekutarisa sisitimu iri kusimukira pasirese, uye kwete chete nhamba yemakamera iri kukura, asiwo kunaka kwebasa renzvimbo dzekuongorora, kunyanya nekuda kwehunyanzvi hwekuzivikanwa kwechiso. Iwo makamera anoshandiswa nemapurisa nemasevhisi emuguta, uye nguva pfupi yadarika zvakare nemabailiffs.
Mukutanga kwaKurume, 2019 kune yunifomu yekuchengetera data uye nzvimbo yekugadzirisa yeMoscow umo matekinoroji ekuzivikanwa kwechiso atoitwa, . 100 vhidhiyo yekutarisa nzvimbo dziri pamasuo, makumi maviri ezviuru aive mumayadhi uye munzvimbo dzakabatana. Vamwe vose vari mumigwagwa uye mumigwagwa yepasi pevhu.
Asi guta redu rine chimwe chinhu chekuvavarira. Somuenzaniso, Beijing (vanhu vakawanda vane mamiriyoni 22) ine makamera anoda kusvika 500 9, nepo London (vanhu vakawanda mamiriyoni XNUMX) ine makamera anoda kusvika XNUMX XNUMX. kusvika 400 zviuru. Iye zvino, nekuda kwemakamera ekutarisa ane kuzivikanwa kwechiso, mapurisa eMoscow . Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti muguta guru kubvira 2017 , iyo inobatsira kuona magandanga nematsotsi munjanji. Inokubvumira kuziva zviso nekururama kusvika ku80% mudhatabhesi yemifananidzo inosvika mamiriyoni mazana mashanu, uye kana tiri kutaura nezvekutsvaga nhamba shomanana yevanhu (kureva, mudhatabhesi yemifananidzo inosvika 500), mhedzisiro ichave yakavimbiswa pa1000%. Iyo sisitimu inogona kuwana uye kuenzanisa mafoto kubva kamera ine masamples ebhirioni zviso mumasekonzi 97 chete, uye nekudaro, pakupera kwaFebruary 0,5, chirongwa chakatangwa zvakare muguta guru kuona vane zvikwereti vanodiwa murukova, kunyanya, kunzvenga muripo wemari.
Iko kuvandudzwa kweartificial intelligence algorithms inotarisirwa kuvandudza kuchengetedzwa kwemaguta. Semuenzaniso, masayendisiti kubva kumayunivhesiti eIndia uye UK , iyo inonyatsoziva vanhu kunyange vane zviso zvakavharwa zvishoma. Zvinoenderana nemhedzisiro yebvunzo, muchina uyu wakakwanisa kuziva 67% yevanhu vakapfeka sikavha pachiso chavo, vakaisa ndebvu kana neimwe nzira vakachinja chitarisiko chavo.
Mazuva ano ekuzivikanwa algorithms anopa mikana yakakosha yekuongorora mamiriro ezvinhu mumigwagwa. Somuenzaniso, muChina kwemakore akawanda munzvimbo dzevanhu. Iyo sisitimu inosarudza murume kana zera, ruvara uye rudzi rwezvipfeko, uye inopawo maitiro emotokari. Yese iyi data inobvumira kuongororwa kwakadzama uye kurekodha, semuenzaniso, huwandu hweatypically yakakura yevarume vechidiki vakapfeka zvipfeko zvitema.
. Tekinoroji dzekuona kumeso dzinobatsira kuwana vana vakashaika kana vakwegura. Vagari muChina vanogona kushandisa kutarisisa kumeso kutenga, kubhadhara, kana kupinda muzvivakwa.
Gore rapfuura, chirongwa chinonakidza chekuwedzera chiyero chevhidhiyo tekinoroji chakatangwa. . Mapurisa achave nechaiyo-nguva yekuwana kubva kune yavo smartphone kana desktop kune anopfuura zviuru makumi matatu makamera uye vhidhiyo data analytics yakaiswa muguta. Panguva ino, mapurisa eMoscow augmented magirazi echokwadi. Chakanakira tekinoroji iyi zvichienzaniswa nekushanda pamafoni nderekuti mupurisa haafanire kubvunza mudziyo wake kuti anzwisise kuti munhu angangoita tsotsi kana mbavha ari papi. Magirazi echokwadi akawedzeredzwa anosanganisa maonero epasirese neakawedzera magiraidhi, saka mupurisa anongoona kuti sisitimu inosarudza sei munhu mumwe kana vanopfuura kubva muchaunga.
. MuChicago, makamera akakwirira-tsanangudzo anovakwa mumigwagwa uye anoshandiswa kupa chengetedzo munzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda.
Zvichaenderera mberiβ¦
MuMoscow, tinoona muenzaniso wekusanganiswa kwemaitiro akasiyana ekuronga guta rakangwara. Muchinyorwa chinotevera, tichataura nezve kuvandudzwa kwezvivakwa zvekubhadhara, mabasa ehutano, pamwe nemabasa emuguta, parcel terminals, hutano uye dzidzo. Zvese izvi zvinhu zveguta rakangwara zviri pasi pekusimudzira uye kuvanza zvakawanda zvinonakidza ruzivo.
Tiri kutsvaga tarenda!
Source: www.habr.com