Tiri kutaura, hongu, pamusoro . Kana iwe ukasaenda mune zvakadzama, saka munaGunyana 30 naGumiguru 1 tichaita musangano wekubatanidza maitiro ekuvandudza, kuyedzwa uye kushanda, uye kana iwe ukapinda mune zvakadzama, ndapota, pasi pekatsi.
Mukati memaitiro eDevOps, zvikamu zvese zvekuvandudza tekinoroji yeprojekiti zvakapindirana, zvinoitika mukufanana uye zvinopesvedzerana. Kunyanya kukosha apa ndiko kusikwa kweotomatiki maitirwo ekuvandudza ayo anogona kushandurwa, kutevedzerwa uye kuyedzwa munguva chaiyo. Izvi zvinokubatsira iwe kupindura pakarepo kune shanduko mumusika.
Pamusangano tinoda kuratidza kuti nzira iyi inobata sei kugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa. Kuvimbika uye kuchinjika kweiyo system yemutengi inovimbiswa sei. Maitiro eDevOps ari kushandura chimiro uye maitiro ekambani kuronga maitiro ayo ebasa.
kuseri kwezviitiko
Zvakakosha kuti isu tisazive kwete chete izvo makambani akasiyana ari kuita mukati meiyo nzira yeDevOps, asiwo kuti tinzwisise kuti nei zvese izvi zvichiitwa. Naizvozvo, hatinakoka kwete nyanzvi chete kuti dzipinde muKomiti yeChirongwa, asi nyanzvi dzinoona hurukuro yeDevOps kubva munzvimbo dzakasiyana:
- mainjiniya makuru;
- developers;
- timu inotungamira;
- CTO.
Kune rimwe divi, izvi zvinogadzira matambudziko nekukonana pakukurukura zvikumbiro zvemishumo. Kana injiniya achifarira kuongorora tsaona huru, saka zvinonyanya kukosha kuti mugadziri anzwisise maitiro ekugadzira software inoshanda mumakore uye zvivakwa. Asi nekubvumirana, tinogadzira chirongwa chichave chakakosha uye chinonakidza kumunhu wese: kubva kune mainjiniya kuenda kuCTO.
Chinangwa chemusangano wedu hachisi chekungosarudza yakanyanya hype mishumo, asi kuratidza iwo mufananidzo wakazara: maitiro eDevOps anoshanda sei mukuita, rudzii rwerake rwaunogona kumhanyira kana uchienda kune matsva maitiro. Panguva imwecheteyo, isu tinovaka chikamu chemukati, tichidzika kubva kune dambudziko rebhizinesi kuenda kune chaiyo tekinoroji.
Zvikamu zvemusangano zvicharamba zvakangofanana nezviri mukati .
- Infrastructure platform.
- Infrastructure sekodhi.
- Kuendesa mberi.
- Feedback.
- Architecture muDevOps, DevOps yeCTO.
- SRE maitiro.
- Kudzidziswa uye kutonga kweruzivo.
- Chengetedzo, DevSecOps.
- DevOps shanduko.
Kufonera Mapepa: rudzii rwemishumo yatiri kutsvaga
Isu takapatsanura vangangove vateereri vemusangano mumapoka mashanu: mainjiniya, vanogadzira, nyanzvi dzekuchengetedza, vanotungamira timu uye CTO. Boka rimwe nerimwe rine zvaro zvinokurudzira kuuya kumusangano. Uye, kana iwe ukatarisa kuDevOps kubva pane izvi zvinzvimbo, unogona kunzwisisa maitiro ekutarisa musoro wako uye nekwekusimbisa.
Kune mainjiniya, vari kugadzira puratifomu yezvivakwa, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise maitiro aripo, kuti unzwisise kuti ndeapi matekinoroji atova epamberi. Vanozofarira kudzidza pamusoro pehupenyu chaihwo mukushandisa matekinoroji aya uye kupanana pfungwa. Injiniya achafara kuteerera kumushumo achiongorora imwe tsaona yakaoma, uye isu, isu, tichaedza kusarudza nekukwenenzvera chirevo chakadaro.
Zvevagadziri zvakakosha kunzwisisa pfungwa yakadai se Cloud native application. Ndokunge, maitiro ekugadzira software kuitira kuti ishande mumakore uye akasiyana masisitimu. Mugadziri anofanirwa kugara achigamuchira mhinduro kubva kune software. Pano tinoda kunzwa nyaya dzekuti makambani anovaka sei maitiro aya, maitiro ekutarisa mashandisirwo esoftware, uye maitirwo ehurongwa hwese hwekutumira hunoshanda sei.
Cybersecurity nyanzvi Izvo zvakakosha kuti unzwisise nzira yekumisikidza nzira yekuchengetedza kuitira kuti irege kumisa kusimudzira uye kuchinja maitiro mukati mekambani. Misoro pamusoro pezvinodiwa izvo DevOps inoisa kune vakadaro nyanzvi ichave inonakidza.
Vatungamiri vechikwata vanoda kuziva, kuti nzira yekuenderera mberi yekuendesa inoshanda sei mune mamwe makambani. Ndeipi nzira yakatorwa nemakambani kuti aite izvi, akavaka sei budiriro uye maitiro ekusimbisa hunhu mukati meDevOps. Vatungamiri vechikwata vanofarirawo Cloud native. Uye zvakare mibvunzo nezve kudyidzana mukati mechikwata uye pakati pebudiriro nezvikwata zveinjiniya.
nokuti CTO chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuona nzira yekubatanidza maitiro ese aya uye nekuagadzirisa kune zvinodiwa nebhizinesi. Anoita chokwadi chekuti application yacho yakavimbika kune vese bhizinesi nemutengi. Uye pano iwe unofanirwa kunzwisisa kuti ndeapi matekinoroji achashanda kuti ndeapi mabasa ebhizinesi, maitiro ekuvaka maitiro ese, nezvimwe. CTO inewo basa rekuita bhajeti. Semuenzaniso, anofanirwa kunzwisisa kuti imarii inoda kushandiswa pakudzidzisazve nyanzvi kuitira kuti vashande muDevOps.
Kana mune chekutaura pamusoro pezvinhu izvi, musanyarara; . Nguva yekupedzisira yeKufona Kwemapepa ndiNyamavhuvhu 20. Iyo yekutanga yaunonyoresa, iyo yakawanda nguva yauchazofanira kupedzisa rondedzero yako uye kugadzirira mharidzo yako. Saka, usanonoka.
Zvakanaka, kana iwe usingade kutaura pachena, chete uye uuye munaGunyana 30 naGumiguru 1 kuzotaurirana nevamwe vaunoshanda navo. Tinovimbisa kuti zvichave zvinonakidza uye zvinokurudzira.
Maonero atinoita DevOps
Kuti unzwisise chaizvo zvatiri kureva neDevOps, ndinokurudzira kuverenga (kana kuverengazve) chirevo changu "" Ndichifamba nemasaisai emusika, ndakaona kuti zano reDevOps raichinja sei mumakambani akasiyana saizi: kubva padiki kutanga kuenda kumakambani emarudzi akawanda. Chirevo ichi chakavakirwa panhevedzano yemibvunzo, nekuipindura iwe unogona kunzwisisa kana kambani yako iri kuenda kuDevOps kana kuti kune matambudziko kumwe.
DevOps yakaoma system, inofanirwa kusanganisira:
- Digital chigadzirwa.
- Bhizinesi mamodule anovandudza ichi chigadzirwa chedhijitari.
- Zvikwata zvezvigadzirwa zvinonyora kodhi.
- Kuenderera mberi Delivery maitiro.
- Platforms sevhisi.
- Infrastructure sebasa.
- Infrastructure sekodhi.
- Akaparadzana maitiro ekuchengetedza kuvimbika, akavakirwa muDevOps.
- Tsika yemhinduro inotsanangura zvese.
Pakupera kweshumo pane dhizaini inopa pfungwa yeDevOps system mukambani. Ichakubvumidza kuti uone kuti ndeapi maitiro mukambani yako akatogadziridzwa uye ayo achiri kuda kuvakwa.
Unogona kuona vhidhiyo yemushumo .
Uye zvino pachava nebhonasi: akati wandei mavhidhiyo kubva kuRIT ++ 2019, anobata pane akanyanya nyaya dzeDevOps shanduko.
Zvivakwa zvekambani sechigadzirwa
Artyom Naumenko anotungamira timu yeDevOps kuSkyeng uye anotarisira kuvandudzwa kwezvivakwa zvekambani yake. Akaudza kuti zvivakwa zvinokanganisa sei bhizinesi maitiro kuSkyEng: maitiro ekuverenga ROI kwayo, ndeapi metrics anofanirwa kusarudzwa pakuverenga uye maitiro ekushanda kuti avandudze.
Mumugwagwa we microservices
Kambani yeNixys inopa tsigiro yemapurojekiti ewebhu akabatikana uye masisitimu akagoverwa. Mutungamiriri wayo wehunyanzvi, Boris Ershov, akaudza nzira yekushandura zvigadzirwa zvesoftware, kuvandudzwa kwakatanga makore mashanu apfuura (kana kutopfuura), papuratifomu yemazuva ano.
Sezvo mutemo, mapurojekiti akadaro inyika yakakosha uko kune rima uye makona ekare ezvivakwa izvo mainjiniya aripo haazive nezvazvo. Uye nzira dzekuvaka nekusimudzira dzakambosarudzwa dzave dzechinyakare uye hadzigone kupa bhizinesi nekumhanya kwakafanana kwekusimudzira uye kuburitswa kweshanduro itsva. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kuburitswa kwese kwechigadzirwa kunoshanduka kuita kunoshamisa kushanya, uko chimwe chinhu chinogara chichidonha, uye munzvimbo isingatarisirwe zvakanyanya.
Mamaneja emapurojekiti akadaro anotarisana nekudikanwa kwekushandura ese tekinoroji maitiro. Mumushumo wake, Boris akati:
- nzira yekusarudza dhizaini yakakodzera yeprojekiti uye kuisa zvivakwa zvakarongeka;
- ndeapi maturusi ekushandisa uye ndeapi misungo inosangana munzira yekushandurwa;
- zvokuita zvinotevera.
Otomatiki yekuburitsa kana nzira yekuendesa nekukurumidza uye isingarwadze
Alexander Korotkov mugadziri anotungamira weCI/CD system kuCIAN. Akataura nezve otomatiki maturusi akaita kuti zvikwanise kuvandudza mhando uye kuderedza nguva yekuendesa kodhi kugadzirwa ne5 nguva. Asi mhedzisiro yakadaro haigone kuwanikwa ne otomatiki chete, saka Alexander akateererawo shanduko yekuvandudza maitiro.
Tsaona dzinokubatsira sei kudzidza?
Alexey Kirpichnikov anga ari kushandisa DevOps uye zvivakwa paSKB Kontur kwemakore mashanu. Mukati memakore matatu, angangoita 5 fakaps yemadhigirii akasiyana epicness yakaitika mukambani yake. Pakati pavo, semuenzaniso, 1000% yakakonzerwa nekuburitsa yakaderera-yemhando kuburitswa mukugadzirwa, uye 36% yakakonzerwa nebasa rekugadzirisa hardware munzvimbo yedata.
Kuchengetedzwa kwemishumo (post-mortems) iyo mainjiniya ekambani anga achichengeta kwemakore akati wandei akateedzana inoita kuti zvikwanise kuwana ruzivo rwakadai nezvetsaona. Iyo post-mortem yakanyorwa nainjiniya ari pabasa, uyo aive wekutanga kupindura chiratidzo chekukurumidzira uye akatanga kugadzirisa zvese. Kutambudzirei mainjiniya anonetsekana husiku nemafacaps nekunyora mishumo? Iyi data inokutendera iwe kuti uone iyo foto yese uye fambisa kusimudzira kwezvivakwa munzira kwayo.
Mukutaura kwake, Alexey akagovera nzira yekunyora postmortem inobatsira zvechokwadi uye maitiro ekuita maitiro ezvinyorwa zvakadaro mukambani huru. Kana iwe uchida nyaya dzekuti mumwe munhu akanganisa sei, tarisa vhidhiyo yekuita.
Isu tinonzwisisa kuti chiono chako cheDevOps chinogona kusaenderana neyedu. Izvo zvichave zvinonakidza kuziva kuti iwe unoona sei DevOps shanduko. Govera ruzivo rwako uye chiono chenyaya iyi mumashoko.
Mishumo ipi yatatogamuchira mupurogiramu?
Vhiki rino Komiti yePurogiramu yakagamuchira mishumo ye4: pane chengetedzo, zvivakwa uye SRE maitiro.
Zvichida iyo inonyanya kurwadza musoro weDevOps shanduko: maitiro ekuita chokwadi chekuti vakomana kubva mudhipatimendi rekuchengetedza ruzivo havaparadze iyo yakatovakwa yakabatana pakati pekusimudzira, kushanda uye kutonga. Mamwe makambani anotonga pasina dhipatimendi rekuchengetedza ruzivo. Nzira yekuita sei kuchengetedza ruzivo munyaya iyi? Pamusoro pazvo Mona Arkhipov kubva sudo.su. Kubva mushumo yake tinodzidza:
- chii chinoda kuchengetedzwa uye kubva kunaani;
- ndeapi maitiro ekuchengetedza enguva dzose;
- kuti IT uye nzira dzekuchengetedza ruzivo dzinopindirana sei;
- chii chinonzi CIS CSC uye nzira yekuishandisa;
- sei uye nezvipi zviratidzo zvekuitisa nguva dzose ruzivo rwekuchengetedza ruzivo.
Chirevo chinotevera chine chekuita nekuvandudzwa kwezvivakwa sekodhi. Deredza huwandu hwemanyorero maitiro uye usatende purojekiti yese kuita mhirizhonga, izvi zvinogoneka here? Kumubvunzo uyu Maxim Kostrikin kubva kuIxtens. Kambani yake inoshandisa Terraform yekushanda neAWS zvivakwa. Chishandiso chacho chiri nyore, asi mubvunzo ndewekuti ungadzivisa sei kugadzira bharaki hombe rekodhi kana uchiishandisa. Kuchengetwa kwenhaka yakadaro kuchawedzera kudhura gore negore.
Maxim icharatidza mashandiro ekodhi yekuisa mapatani, yakanangana nekurerutsa otomatiki uye kusimudzira.
Imwe tichanzwa nezve zvivakwa kubva Vladimir Ryabov kubva Playkey. Pano tichataura pamusoro pepuratifomu yezvivakwa, uye isu tichadzidza:
- nzira yekunzwisisa kana nzvimbo yekuchengetera iri kushandiswa zvinobudirira;
- vangani mazana evashandisi vanogona kugamuchira gumi TB yemukati kana chete 10 TB yekuchengetedza ichishandiswa;
- maitiro ekumanikidza data kashanu uye kupa kune vashandisi munguva chaiyo-nguva;
- maitiro ekuwiriranisa data pane nhunzi pakati akati wandei data data;
- maitiro ekubvisa chero pesvedzero yevashandisi pane mumwe nemumwe kana uchishandisa imwe chaiyo muchina sequentially.
Chakavanzika chemashiripiti aya teknolojia ZFS yeFreeBSD neforogo yayo itsva ZFS paLinux. Vladimir achagovera nyaya kubva kuPlaykey.
Matvey Kukuy kubva kuAmixr.IO vakagadzirira nemienzaniso kubva muupenyu , chii chaitika SRE uye kuti inobatsira sei kuvaka masisitimu akavimbika. Amixr.IO inopfuudza zviitiko zvevatengi kuburikidza nekumashure kwayo; akawanda ezvikwata zvepabasa pasirese zvakatobata nezviuru zana nemakumi mashanu. Pamusangano uyu, Matvey achagovera nhamba uye maonero ayo kambani yake yakaunganidza nekugadzirisa matambudziko evatengi uye kuongorora kutadza.
Zvakare ndinokukurudzira kuti usave nemakaro uye ugovane ruzivo rwako seDevOps samurai. Shumirai kune mushumo, uye iwe neni tichava nemwedzi 2,5 yekugadzirira hurukuro yakanaka kwazvo. Kana uchida kuva muteereri, kutsamba yenhau ine zvigadziriso zvehurongwa uye funga zvakanyanya nezve kubhuka matikiti pachine nguva, nekuti anozove anodhura zvakanyanya pedyo nemazuva emusangano.
Source: www.habr.com