Chinangwa chikuru chechinyorwa ichi ndechekuzivisa avo vanofarira nyaya yemidziyo yekuvhenekesa kune zvigadziriso zvehunyanzvi zvinoshandiswa nevagadziri vasina kutendeseka kubva kuMiddle Kingdom kutengesa zvigadzirwa zvemanyepo zvinokopa mabhureki ane mukurumbira. Pano maonero angu ekuzvibata acharatidzwa, semunhu akambosangana nemidziyo yakadaro. Ichi chinyorwa hachifanirwe kutariswa segwara rekuita, saka hapazove nezvinongedzo kune vatengesi nevatengesi. Munhu wese ane Indaneti uye, kana achida, kushandisa kutsvaga hakusi kwakaoma.
Mutengo wepamusoro wemhinduro dzepakutanga zviri pachena nekuda kwechishuwo chemugadziri chekubhadhara mari dzevashandi pakuvandudza nekugadzirwa kwemidziyo yakasarudzika isina kunangana nevazhinji vashandisi. Ichi chinyorwa chinokuudza kuti zvinogoneka sei kune mushandisi anoda mudziyo unoshanda zvakaringana, asi asingakwanise kuutenga nekuda kwemutengo wakakwirira, kutsvaga imwe nzira yekopi yakachipa yechigadzirwa chekutanga.
Kutanga, ndinoda kutaura pamusoro penheyo dzekutanga dzemagadzirirwo ematanho ekuvhenekesa complexes.
Kune avo vanoziva izvo DMX512, ArtNet sACN, nezvimwe. Ichi chikamu chechinyorwa chinogona kusiiwa.
Izvo zvekutanga
Saka, hwaro hweiyo yese mwenje control system ndeye DMX512 protocol.
Iyo DMX512 data transfer protocol yakagadziridzwa muna 1986 senzira yekudzora zvigadziriso zvine hungwaru kubva kune akasiyana control panel (consoles) kuburikidza neimwe interface, zvichibvumira kubatanidzwa kweakasiyana dhizaini ekudzora nemhando dzese dzemagetsi zvigadziriso (dimmers, spotlights, strobe lights, michina yekusvuta, nezvimwewo) kubva kune vakasiyana vagadziri. Iyo yakavakirwa pane yakajairwa maindasitiri interface RS-485, iyo inoshandiswa kudzora komputa yevanodzora maindasitiri, marobhoti uye otomatiki michina. Kuti utumire data, tambo ine mawaya maviri akabatanidzwa mune imwe nhovo inoshandiswa.
Iyo DMX512 chiyero inobvumidza iwe kudzora 512 chiteshi panguva imwe chete kuburikidza nemutsara wekutaurirana (mudziyo mumwe unogona dzimwe nguva kushandisa akati wandei chiteshi). Zvishandiso zvinoverengeka zvinoshanda panguva imwe chete zvinotsigira DMX512 zvinokutendera kuti ugadzire mapatani akareruka uye magadzirirwo emhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzakaoma, mukati nekunze. Imwe chiteshi inotumira imwe parameter yechishandiso, semuenzaniso, ndeupi ruvara rwekupenda danda, ndeipi pateni (gobo stencil) yekusarudza, kana pakona ipi yekutenderedza girazi zvakachinjika panguva ino, ndiko kuti, apo danda richarova. Chishandiso chega chega chine imwe nhamba yemaparamendi anogona kudzorwa uye anotora inoenderana nhamba yematashi munzvimbo yeDMX512. Imwe neimwe parameter inogona kutora kukosha kubva pa0 kusvika 255 (8 bits kana 1 byte).
Mufananidzo unotevera unoratidza dhayagiramu yekubatanidza mudziyo:
Iwe unogona kuverenga zvakawanda nezve misimboti yeprotocol mune chinyorwa chakanyorwa pazasi mune masosi.
Iyo DMX512 protocol ine akati wandei mabhenefiti neakaipa, asi ikozvino ndiyo chiyero chikuru kune mazhinji masisitimu emwenje.
Pamberi pekuuya kweimwe dhijitari protocol, kutonga kwaiitwa pamusoro petambo dzakasiyana nekudzora voltage kuenda kune imwe neimwe mudziyo, kana kuburikidza neakasiyana edhijitari uye analogi yekubatanidza.
Semuenzaniso, "0-10 volt" analog interface yakashandiswa zvakanyanya, kuburikidza neiyo tambo imwe yakadhonzwa kune yega yega. Iyo sisitimu yakashandiswa zvinobudirira nenhamba shoma yemidziyo, asi kana nhamba yavo yakawedzera, yakazova yakanyanya kuomesesa uye isingaite, mukuvaka uye mukutarisira uye kugadzirisa matambudziko. Aya nemamwe masisitimu eanalogi aive akaomarara zvisingaite, achidhura, uye asina chiyero chakafanana.
Vaida maadapter anokosha, pamwe chete neamplifiers uye voltage inverters, kuitira kuti vabatanidze michina yekuvhenekera kubva kune mumwe mugadziri kudzora mapaneru kubva kune imwe.
Dhijitari masisitimu aivewo asiri epasirese, akange asingaenderane, uye mainterface aishandiswa aiwanzovanzwa nevagadziri. Zvose izvi zvaive dambudziko rakajeka kune vashandisi vemaitiro akadaro, sezvo ivo, vachisarudza imwe hurongwa, vaimanikidzwa nekusarudza zvose zvishandiso kubva kumugadziri mumwe chete, maererano nechiyero chakafanana.
Izvo zvakashata zveiyo DMX512 protocol ndezvi:
- Weak noise immunity.
Kushanda kwezvishandiso mumamiriro ekukanganiswa kweredhiyo wave kukanganiswa kwakagadzirwa nenharembozha dzekufambisa (kureva nharembozha), nzvimbo dzeterevhizheni dziri pedyo, nezvimwewo, magetsi nemagetsi ekuvhenekesa: zvikwiriso, zviratidzo zvekushambadza, marambi emitambo, marambi efluorescent kana kungoisa zvisina kufanira DMX tambo inogona. inoperekedzwa nechaotic 'twitching' pakatarisana neyakajairwa kushanda kwemidziyo. Dambudziko iri rinogona kugadziriswa uchishandisa midziyo yakakosha (amplifiers, splitters, nezvimwewo). Kuipa kwemhinduro iyi ndeyekuti mari yekuisa inowedzera nekuda kwekushandiswa kwemamwe maturusi.
- Attenuation uye reflection yechiratidzo chine kureba kwemutsara.
Chiyero chacho hachikurudziri kubatanidza michina inopfuura 32 kune imwe DMX 512. Kana mutsara wakaiswa pakati pezvigadziro wakareba zvakakwana kana kuti michina inopfuura gumi yakabatanidzwa mune imwe ketani, saka pane mukana mukuru wekuti zvigadziri hazvizozvibata zvakanaka, uye chimwe chezvikonzero chikuru chinogona kunge chiri chega chekutora chiratidzo cheDMX pamutsara. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chiratidzo, mushure mekupfuura nepakati pemidziyo yese, "inotaridzwa" uye mapaketi anogona kufamba achidzoka nekudzoka achitevedza DMX mutsara. Panyaya dzakadai, chimbo chiri nyore chinonzi DMX Terminator chinoshandiswa. Iyo DMX mutsetse terminator ine ~ 120 ohm resistor.
- Kushivirira kwemhosva kwakaderera
Sezvo michina yakabatana mumutsara uchishandisa mutsara mumwe, kukuvadzwa kwemutsara uyu kuchaita kuti zvisakwanise kudzora zvishandiso zviri mushure mechikamu chakakuvadzwa.
Dambudziko rinogona kugadziriswa nemidziyo inobvumira branching uye kuwedzera kukanganisa kushivirira.
Pazasi pane mufananidzo weiyo splitter inobatsira kuisa chiratidzo mumitsara yakati wandei yakazvimirira:
- Kudzivirirwa kusina simba kwemagetsi.
Midziyo yakawanda yekuvhenekesa inoshandisa marambi ekuburitsa gasi, izvo zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kupa yakakwira-yakasimba luminous flux ine diki diki yemwenje sosi pachayo. Kuti ave nechokwadi chekushanda kwemarambi akadaro, magetsi emagetsi anonzi madhiraivha kana zvikamu zvinopisa anoshandiswa (akafanana anoshandiswa mwenje xenon mumotokari). Aya maseketi anoshanda pamagetsi akakwira (mazana akati wandei volts). Kana hutano hwemagetsi emagetsi husina kunaka, kana kana pane kukanganisa kwemagetsi, magetsi emagetsi anogona kupfupika-kutenderera kune muviri wesimbi wemudziyo, pamwe nepamusoro-soro inogona kupinda mumutsara wekutonga. Muchiitiko chekupedzisira, kuburitsa kwemuviri pane control panel uye kunyangwe USB interface inogona kutadza kana iyo remote control yakabatana nelaptop kana komputa, iyo inosanganisira inodhura kugadzirisa. Zvishandiso zvakafanana zvinobatsira kudzivirira dambudziko iri - splitters, iyo, sekutonga, ine opto-isolators munharaunda yavo.
Kune zvakare isina waya dmx masaini ekutumira. Imwe transmitter inogona kutepfenyura 512 chiteshi, zvakafanana netambo imwe chete. Panguva imwecheteyo, muchirevo, nhamba isingaverengeki yevanogamuchira inogona kurongwa kuti igamuchire chiratidzo kubva kune imwe transmitter. Midziyo isina waya inofambisa masaini pamafrequency akafanana neWi-Fi muchikamu che2.4 GHz. Ivo vari padanho rekutanga rekukura kwavo, nekuti Nekuda kwehuwandu hudiki uye huwandu hukuru hwekunyunyuta pamusoro pekusagadzikana kwekushanda (zvichida nekuda kwekuzara kweiyo 2.4 GHz chiteshi cheredhiyo), zvishandiso izvi zvave kupararira chete muzvikamu zvidiki zvinoshandiswa, semuenzaniso, neDJs.
Art-Net Protocol
Imwezve budiriro yeprotocol yaive kubatanidzwa kweDMX512 muArt-Net network protocol.
Art-Net iri nyore kuita kweiyo DMX512 protocol pamusoro peUDP, umo ruzivo rwekudzora nzira runofambiswa mumapaketi eIP, kazhinji pamusoro penetiweki yemunharaunda (LAN), uchishandisa tekinoroji yeEthernet. ArtNet ndeye yakavharwa-loop protocol. Sezvo mutemo, zvishandiso zvinoshanda paArtNet zvine basa rekupindura kune yakagamuchirwa data. Semuenzaniso, mudziyo wakagamuchira data uye unogona kutumira mhinduro kuti waugamuchira.
Artnet inogona kutamisa zvachose zvese, kunyangwe mafaera. Pakutanga, Artnet inogona kufambisa hunhu uye zvinzvimbo zvemafadhi, kurongeka kwemidziyo, uye zvakare inogona kufambisa kodhi yenguva (kero-nguva kodhi - yedhijitari nguva data yakarekodhwa uye kutumirwa pamwe chete nemufananidzo kana ruzha. Inoshandiswa kuwiriranisa akasiyana midhiya masisitimu - ruzha, vhidhiyo, chiedza, nezvimwewo).
ArtNet zvishandiso zvinoshandisa zvinodaidzwa kuti Nodes pakuchinja pakati pavo. Manodhi anogona kunge ari Art-Net kune emuviri DMX512 anoshandura, kana zvigadziriso zvemwenje kana midziyo inotova neyakavakirwa-mukati Art-Net interface. Node dzinogona kunyorera kune (teerera kune) sevha. Panguva imwecheteyo, sevha inogona kugovera mapaketi kune ese ArtNet node uye kune akasarudzwa. Node dzinenge dzakati yeuchidza nezvesocial network; ivo vanogona kunyoreswa kune server, nepo sevha inogona kufuratira dzimwe node. Komputa ine software yekuvhenekesa kana mwenje yekuvhenekesa inogona kushanda seArt-Net server. Nzira iri nyore yekushandisa protocol ndeye Broadcast, inoshanda seredhiyo. Inotepfenyura kune vese vateereri, uye vateereri vanogona kusarudza kugamuchira chiratidzo kana kusagamuchira.
Imwe neimwe nzvimbo ye512 DMX chiteshi muArt-Net protocol inonzi Universe. Imwe neimwe node (mudziyo) inogona kutsigira inokwana 1024 DMX chiteshi (2 Universe) pane imwe kero yeIP. Yese gumi nematanhatu Universes inosanganiswa kuita subnet (Subnet - kwete yekuvhiringwa ne subnet mask). Boka re16 subnets (16 Universe) inoumba network (Net). Nhamba yepamusoro yehutano ndeye 256. Pakazara, muArt-Net protocol nhamba yenode inogona kusvika 128 (32768 Universe x 256 Net), imwe neimwe ine 128 DMX channels.
Artnet kero dzinowanzo shandiswa mukati me 2.0.0.0/8, asi dzinoshandawo pamasevhisi emunharaunda 192.168.1.0/255 pasina matambudziko.
Zvakanakira zveArtnet:
- Iko kukwanisa kuendesa chiratidzo pamusoro pemitsetse iripo yenzvimbo yetiweki, pamwe nekuwedzera zvakanyanya dhizaini yekutumira maratidziro uchishandisa isingadhuri network zvishandiso uye zvikamu zvinosvika 100 m pamusoro isina kuvharidzirwa twisted pair tambo ye5th category.
- Imwe Art-Net mutsara inogona kufambisa zviuru zvenguva yakawanda data pane yemuviri DMX512 mutsara.
- Iyo Ethernet network ine nyeredzi topology. Izvi zvinovandudza kuvimbika kwehurongwa kana uchienzaniswa ne "loop" kana "loop" wiring inoshandiswa neDMX512.
- Kugona kushandisa waya isina waya network senge Wi-Fi routers, nzvimbo dzekuwana, nezvimwe.
Zvakaipa zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:
- Iyo yakakura tambo yekumhanya kureba ingangoita zana metres, ichienzaniswa ne100m yeiyo DMX300 system. Nekudaro, nekupihwa yakaderera mutengo weEthernet switch kana ichienzaniswa neDMX512 splitters, dambudziko iri rinogona kuregeredzwa.
- Kushandisa nyeredzi Ethernet network topology, tambo yakawanda inodiwa. Nekudaro, nekuda kwemutengo wakaderera wepairi yakamonyoroka uye sezvo Ethernet ichikwanisa kutakura data rakawanda kupfuura DMX512, mari yakachengetwa ichiripo. ZVIMWE nyeredzi Ethernet wiring ichave yakaoma zvakanyanya paunenge uchimhanyisa tambo dzakatenderedza truss. Mhinduro yakanakisa ndeyekutora iyo Ethernet kubva kuconsole kuenda kune truss wozoishandura kuita DMX512.
Dhizaini yekuona yekubatanidza zvishandiso uchishandisa node:
Mazhinji makuru ekuvhenekesa ekudzora software vagadziri vanotsigira iyo Art-Net protocol, ichibvumira kushandiswa kweEthernet network panzvimbo yemuviri DMX512 mitsetse.
Zvino ngatifambei takananga kuchinyorwa chechinyorwa - zvidzoreso zviri kure, nyaradzo uye nzvimbo dzekutonga dzemidziyo yekuvhenekesa inogadzirwa nemaChinese.
Ngatijairane neiyo basic terminology:
- Interface chishandiso chisina chayo chekutonga uye chinobvumira kuburitsa kwekudzora masaini kubva kune software inoshanda pakombuta yako.
- Chiedza kuremote control ingave yakamira mudziyo inokwanisa kuburitsa masaini ekudzora, kana controller yakabatana nekombuta kana laptop uye ichishanda tandem nesoftware. Iwo madhiraivha mafader, mabhatani, encoder, nezvimwewo, kwaunogona kupa shanduko kune yega paramita yemidziyo yekuvhenekesa uye kuvhura marekodhi akarekodhwa.
- A console mudziyo unonyanya kusanganisa PC ine software uye controller ine zvinodzora uye chiratidzo chinobuda mune imwe kesi. Kazhinji ine touch screen/screens uye I/O ports inogona kuwanikwa paPC motherboards zhinji.
Sunlite uye Daslight
Ndakabatanidza aya mainterface murondedzero nekuti ini ndanga ndakanangana nekugovera kwavo.
Aya mainterface haasi ezvinodzora kure kana maconsoles, sezvo aine mashoma mashandiro uye akasiyana logic yekuronga iyo interface uye zvinodzora.
Daslight interface kubva kuNicolaude mukugadzirisa kwayo kukuru inobvumira kushandiswa kwezviteshi zveDMX 3072. Zviteshi zve 1536 zvinobudiswa kuburikidza nekugadzirwa kwemuviri pane iyo interface pachayo. Iyo hafu yasara inogona kubuda kuburikidza neiyo art-net interface.
Inoshanda paWindows uye Mac. Parizvino mukugadzirwa, iyo yazvino vhezheni yepamutemo inodzokera ku13.01.2020/XNUMX/XNUMX
Iyo Sunlite Suite 2 FC+ interface inobvumidza iwe kuburitsa 1536 chiteshi kuburikidza nezvinobuda mumuviri uye kusvika makumi matanhatu Universe kuburikidza ne art-net.
Inoshanda chete paWindows. Parizvino yakamiswa zviri pamutemo uye yakatsiviwa neSunlite Suite 3 interface. Iyo yazvino software shanduro, Sunlite Suite 2, yakaburitswa muna 2019.
Nezvemitengo, ndichataura kuti zvinhu zvekunyepedzera zvinodhura 7-8 nguva kupfuura yekutanga. Tichifunga nezve kudhura kwakanyanya kwekutanga interfaces, makopi ari kutenga kunobatsira.
Pakati pezvisina kunaka zvemakopi, tinogona kuona: kusakwanisa kugadzirisa software (munyaya ye sunlite izvi hazvichagoneke), kutenga mabasa anobatsira nenzira yekuwedzera art-net universe, chiteshi che standalone mode, nezvimwe.
Iyo software inoiswa kubva kune inosanganisirwa dhisiki; software yakatorwa kubva kune yepamutemo webhusaiti haishande.
Paunenge uchiedza kuvandudza software, matambudziko anogona kumuka nenzira yekukanganisa pakusarudza iyo interface nekombuta, saka zviri nani kudzikisira kuwanikwa kweInternet kuti software idzivirire matambudziko. Pakati peakati wandei mainterface akatengeswa, pakanga paine zvichemo zvishoma kubva kune vatengi vakaedza kushandisa yekutanga software. Pane imwe nguva ndakasangana nechitarisiko chine chirema chekugadzira, asi chakatsiviwa nemutengesi pasina matambudziko.
T1 interface
Inoteedzera iyo T2 interface kubva kuAvolites. Kunze zvakafanana neSunlite Suite 2 uye Daslight. Mutengesi akataura kuti iyo interface inoita basa rakafanana nerekutanga T2, kureva, inobvumidza iwe kuburitsa maviri DMX hova uye kushandisa zvizere midi mirairo uye LTC timecode.
Iyo inouyawo neTitan software pane flash drive, software vhezheni 11. Zvinokwanisika kushandisa kusvika ku32 T1 interfaces panguva imwe chete.
Kutanga kubva kuvhezheni 12, iwe uchada yakakosha avokey kiyi yekushandisa software, saka haufanirwe kutarisira kugadziridzwa kubva kuChinese munguva pfupi iri kutevera.
Mutengo uri paavhareji 3 nguva yakaderera pane yekutanga.
Remotes uye inonyaradza Titan Mobile, Fader Wing, Quartz, Tiger Kubata
Iwo ma consoles akaunganidzwa nenzira yehunyanzvi. Hwaro ndeye yenguva dzose PC mamaboard, uko kwakasiyana zvishandiso senge controller, kuratidza, nezvimwe zvakabatanidzwa nenzira yemusango.
Hazvina kujeka kuti sei sarudzo yakaitwa yakanangana akajairwa USB yekuwedzera tambo, VGA tambo dzakanamira kune zvinobatanidza neinopisa glue pamativi ese.
Mune yekutanga consoles, zvese zvinounganidzwa uye kurekodhwa nenzira yakabudirira.
Ongororo dzinosiyana; kune vamwe, makopi aya akashanda zvakatsiga kwemakore mazhinji; kune vamwe, kiyi inoramba ichidonha. Kazhinji, zvichienderana nerombo rako.
Kana iwe ukazvitenga kubva kune vanovimbika vatengesi, zvichibva pane wongororo kubva kune shamwari.
Mitengo inosiyana ne3-5 nguva.
Iko hakuna zvichemo pamusoro pekusangana kweMobile uye Fader Wing consoles; chinodzosera ndechekuti zvinhu zvakachipa zvinoshandiswa senge fader uye encoder, saka hupenyu hwavo hwesevhisi hunowanzo kuderera pane hwepakutanga.
Sezvakangoita neT1, nekuda kwekushandiswa kwekiyi yeavokey, kuvandudza software kune vhezheni 12 uye yepamusoro hazvishande.
Grand MA2 inonyaradza uye kuremoti
Consoles inomiririrwa nemakopi eMA2 Ultralite, Yakazara, nezvimwe.
Pano, maererano negungano, mufananidzo wakafanana netitan unoonekwa. Iyo yakafanana USB yekuwedzera tambo uye inopisa glue.
Zvinonakidza kuti maChinese anogadzira michina yakasarudzika isiri mungarava yemugadziri wepakutanga.
Izvi zvinosanganisira usb dmx expander interface, inobatanidza kukombiyuta kuburikidza ne USB uye inokubvumira kushandisa 4096 DMX parameters.
Kakawanda zvikumbiro zvekuyedzwa neshanduro yazvino yesoftware yekutanga zvakasimbiswa zvinobudirira. Zvakare, pave pasina zvichemo kubva kune zvishoma nhamba yevatengi.
Chimwe chinhu chinonakidza ndeye Boss console.
Kune akasiyana mamodheru anosiyana mukushanda, chitarisiko uye hunhu hwehardware.
Pasinei nekukanganisa kwayo, chigadzirwa ichi chine kuenzanisa kunoshamisa kwekufamba uye kushanda, izvo zvinyaradzo zvepakutanga hazvigone kuzvirumbidza nazvo. Semuenzaniso, zvinokwanisika kuburitsa 3072 + 512 paramita, incl. kuburikidza nezvinobuda mumuviri.
Gungano rakatotaurwa kare. Neimwe kopi paive nematambudziko akadai seye touch screen inodonha, nezvimwe. Kazhinji, kugadzikana kunosiya zvakawanda zvingadiwa.
Kune zvakare emanyepo Command Wing, Fader Wing, uye akasiyana Net Node kure zvinodzora pamusika. Panyaya yekuungana uye kugadzikana, senge titan kure zvinodzora, zvinhu zviri nani. Pane ruzivo mukubudirira kushandisa Command Wing.
Kudzivirirwa kweCryptographic kweGrand MA zvishandiso uye software ichiri yakaderera kupfuura vakwikwidzi vayo, izvi zvinobvumira maChinese kuburitsa makopi emidziyo inoshanda zvizere nesoftware yepamutemo.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, ini ndicharatidza pfungwa yekuti kushandiswa kwemakopi muRussia kunogoneka kune avo vane mari isingavabvumire kutenga yekutanga magetsi ekudzora michina. Sekuziva kwangu, kushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zvemanyepo (kutengesa hakureviwe pano) hakuna kudzorwa munyika yedu, kusiyana neEurope kana kumadokero, uko izvi zvinogona kuita purofiti kubva kupfuma yehungwaru yemumwe munhu uye zvinosanganisira faindi huru.
Sources:
Source: www.habr.com