Nhasi, anenge munhu wese ane foni muhomwe yake (smartphone, kamera foni, tablet) iyo inogona kudarika desktop yako yeimba, yausina kuvandudza kwemakore anoverengeka, maererano nekushanda. Yese gadget yaunayo ine lithium polymer bhatiri. Iye zvino mubvunzo ndewokuti: ndeupi muverengi achayeuka chaizvo apo shanduko isingachinjiki kubva ku "dialer" kuenda kumidziyo yakawanda yakaitika?
Zvakaoma ... Iwe unofanirwa kushungurudza chiyeuchidzo chako, yeuka gore rawakatenga foni yako yekutanga "smart". Kwandiri inguva dza2008-2010. Panguva iyoyo, huwandu hwebhatiri relithium yefoni yenguva dzose hwaive hunosvika 700 mAh; ikozvino huwandu hwemabhatiri efoni hunosvika zviuru zvina mAh.
Kuwedzera kwehuwandu ne6 nguva, zvisinei nekuti, zvishoma kutaura, saizi yebhatiri yakangowedzera ne2 nguva.
Kufanana nesu , lithium-ion mhinduro dzeUPS dziri kukurumidza kukunda musika, dzine huwandu husingarambiki hwakanakira uye (kunyanya mune imwe server room).
Shamwari, nhasi tichaedza kunzwisisa uye kuenzanisa zvigadziriso zvichibva pane iron-lithium phosphate (LFP) uye lithium-manganese (LMO) mabhatiri, kudzidza zvakanakira nekuipira kwavo, uye kuenzanisa kune imwe neimwe zvichienderana nehuwandu hwezviratidzo. Rega ndikuyeuchidze kuti marudzi maviri emabhatiri ndee lithium-ion, lithium-polymer mabhatiri, asi akasiyana mumakemikari. Kana iwe uchifarira kuenderera mberi, ndapota, pasi pekati.
Tarisiro yelithium tekinoroji mukuchengetedza simba
Mamiriro azvino muRussian Federation muna 2017 aive anotevera.
Kushandisa kwainobva: "Pfungwa yekuvandudza masisitimu ekuchengetedza magetsi muRussian Federation," Ministry of Energy yeRussian Federation, Nyamavhuvhu 21, 2017.
Sezvauri kuona, lithium-ion tekinoroji panguva iyoyo yakanga iri kutungamira mukusvika tekinoroji yekugadzira maindasitiri (kunyanya LFP tekinoroji).
Tevere, ngatitarisei mafambiro emuUnited States, kana kuti chaizvo, funga nezve yazvino vhezheni yegwaro:
Chirevo: ABBM magetsi emagetsi emagetsi asingapindike, ayo anoshandiswa muindasitiri yemagetsi emagetsi e:
- Kuchengetedzwa kwemagetsi kune kunyanya kukosha kwevatengi kana paine kukanganiswa kwemagetsi ezvido zvavo (SN) 0,4 kV pane substation (PS).
- Se "buffer" drive kune mamwe masosi.
- Muripo wekushomeka kwemagetsi panguva yekushandiswa kwepamusoro kudzoreredza kugadzirwa kwemagetsi uye nzvimbo dzekufambisa.
- Kuunganidza simba mukati mezuva kana mutengo wayo wakaderera (usiku).
Sezvatinoona, Li-Ion technologies, kubva muna 2016, yakabata zvakasimba nzvimbo inotungamira uye yakaratidza kukurumidza kukura kwakawanda mumasimba maviri (MW) uye simba (MWh).
Mugwaro rimwe chete tinogona kuverenga zvinotevera:
"Lithium-ion tekinoroji inomiririra anopfuura makumi masere muzana esimba rakawedzerwa uye simba rinogadzirwa neABBM masisitimu muUnited States mukupera kwa80. Lithium-ion mabhatiri ane yakanyatsoshanda yekuchaja kutenderera uye kuburitsa yakaunganidzwa simba nekukurumidza. Pamusoro pezvo, vane simba rakanyanya kusimba (simba remagetsi, chinyorwa chemunyori) uye yakakwira kubuda, izvo zvaita kuti vasarudze semabhatiri emagetsi anotakurika uye mota dzemagetsi. "
Ngatiedzei kuenzanisa maviri lithium-ion bhatiri tekinoroji yeUPS
Tichafananidza masero eprismatic akavakirwa paLMO neLFP chemistry. Ndiwo matekinoroji maviri aya (aine misiyano yakaita seLMO-NMC) ndiyo yava maindasitiri makuru ekugadzira mota dzemagetsi dzakasiyana siyana uye mota dzemagetsi.
A lyrical digression pamabhatiri mumotokari dzemagetsi anogona kuverengwa panoIwe unobvunza, kutakurwa kwemagetsi kune chekuita nazvo? Rega nditsanangure: kupararira kunoshanda kwemotokari dzemagetsi dzinoshandisa Li-Ion tekinoroji dzakapfuura nhanho yeprototypes kwenguva refu. Uye sezvatinoziva, ese azvino matekinoroji anouya kwatiri kubva kunodhura, nzvimbo nyowani dzehupenyu. Semuenzaniso, akawanda emagetsi emagetsi akauya kwatiri kubva kuFormula 1, akawanda matekinoroji matsva akauya muhupenyu hwedu kubva munzvimbo yepasi, uye zvichingodaro ... Naizvozvo, mumaonero edu, lithium-ion tekinoroji ikozvino inopinda muindasitiri mhinduro.
Ngatitarisei tafura yekuenzanisa pakati pevagadziri vakuru, bhatiri chemistry uye makambani emotokari ivo pachavo vari kushingaira kubudisa motokari dzemagetsi (mahybrids).
Isu tichasarudza chete prismatic masero anokodzera fomu fomu rekushandisa muUPS. Sezvauri kuona, lithium titanate (LTO-NMC) ndeyekunze maererano neyakachengetwa simba. Kwasara vatatu vanogadzira masero eprismatic akakodzera kushandiswa mumaindasitiri mhinduro, kunyanya mabhatiri eUPS.
Ini ndichatora uye kududzira kubva mugwaro "Life cycle assessment yehupenyu hurefu lithium electrode yemabhatiri emotokari yemagetsi- sero reLEAF, Tesla uye VOLVO mabhazi" (Original "Hupenyu cycle assessment yehupenyu hurefu lithium electrode yemabhatiri emotokari yemagetsi- sero reLEAF , Tesla neVolvo bus" yaDecember 11, 2017 kubva kuMats Zackrisson. Inonyanya kuongorora maitiro emakemikari mumabhatiri emotokari, simba rekudengenyeka uye mamiriro ekunze ekushanda, uye kukuvadza kune zvakatipoteredza. Zvisinei, pane mutsara mumwe unofadza maererano nekuenzanisa. yeaviri lithium-ion bhatiri tekinoroji.
Mushanduro yangu yemahara inoita seizvi:
Tekinoroji yeNMC inoratidza kuderera kwezvakatipoteredza pamakiromita emotokari kupfuura tekinoroji yeLFP ine simbi anode bhatiri cell, asi zvakaoma kudzikisa kana kubvisa zvikanganiso. Pfungwa huru ndeiyi: kuwanda kwesimba repamusoro reNMC kunokonzeresa huremu hwakaderera uye nekudaro kuderera kwesimba rekushandisa.
1) Prismatic cell LMO tekinoroji, mugadziri , inodhura $400.
Kuonekwa kweLMO cell
2) Prismatic cell LFP tekinoroji, mugadziri , inodhura $160.
Kuonekwa kwesero reLFP
3) Kuenzanisa, ngatiwedzerei bhatiri rekuchengetedza ndege rakavakirwa pahunyanzvi hweLFP uye imwecheteyo yakapinda mukunyomba kunokatyamadza. , mugadziri Wechokwadi Blue Power.
Kuonekwa kwebhatiri reTB44
4) Kuti tiwane chinangwa, ngatiwedzerei bhatiri reUPS
Kutaridzika kwebhatiri reUPS yekare
Ngatiisei iyo source data mutafura.
Sezvatinoona, zvechokwadi, maseru eLMO ane simba repamusoro-soro; lead yemhando yepamusoro inokwana kaviri sesimba rinoshanda.
Zviri pachena kune wese wese kuti BMS system yeLi-Ion bhatiri array ichawedzera huremu kune iyi mhinduro, ndiko kuti, inoderedza iyo chaiyo simba neanenge 20 muzana (musiyano pakati pehuremu hwemambure emabhatiri uye mhinduro yakakwana. uchifunga nezve BMS masisitimu, module shell, bhatiri kabati controller). Huremu hwejumpers, bhatiri switch uye bhatiri kabati inofungidzirwa kuve yakaenzana nemamiriro emabhatiri e-lithium-ion uye bhatiri renji re lead-asidhi mabhatiri.
Iye zvino ngatiedzei kuenzanisa zviyero zvakaverengwa. Muchiitiko ichi, tichagamuchira kudzika kwekubuda kwemutungamiri se70%, uye yeLi-Ion se90%.
Ziva kuti iyo yakaderera chaiyo simba rebhatiri rendege imhaka yekuti bhatiri pacharo (rinogona kutariswa semodule) rakavharirwa musimbi isina moto casing, ine majoini uye inodziya system yekushanda mumamiriro ekushisa akadzika. Kuenzanisa, kuverenga kunopiwa kune imwe sero mubheteri yeTB44, kubva kwatinogona kugumisa kuti maitiro akafanana nesero rinowanzoita LFP. Mukuwedzera, bhatiri rendege rakagadzirirwa kukwirira kwepamusoro / kubuda kwemhepo, iyo inosanganiswa nekudiwa kwekukurumidza kugadzirira ndege kuti iende kutsva pasi uye kubuda kukuru kwezvino kana chiitiko chekukurumidzira pabhodhi, somuenzaniso, kurasikirwa kwesimba pabhodhi
Nenzira, iyi ndiyo nzira iyo mugadziri pachake anofananidza marudzi akasiyana emabhatiri endege
Sezvatinoona kubva pamatafura:
1) Simba rebhatiri kabati mune yeLMO tekinoroji yakakwirira.
2) Nhamba yebhatiri kutenderera kweLFP yakakwira.
3) Iyo chaiyo giravhiti yeLFP ishoma; zvinoenderana, nehukuru hwakafanana, bhatiri kabati yakavakirwa pane iron-lithium phosphate tekinoroji yakakura.
4) LFP tekinoroji hainyanyi kutarisana nekupisa kunotiza, izvo zvinokonzerwa nemakemikari ayo. Somugumisiro, inoonekwa seyakachengeteka.
Kune avo vanoda kunyatsonzwisisa kuti mabhatiri e-lithium-ion anogona kubatanidzwa sei mubhatiri array kushanda neUPS, ndinokurudzira kutarisa pano.Somuenzaniso, mufananidzo uyu. Muchiitiko ichi, huremu hwemabhatiri huchava 340 kg, simba richava 100 ampere-maawa.
Kana dunhu reLFP 160S2P, uko huremu hwemabhatiri huchave 512 kg uye huwandu huchave 200 ampere-maawa.
mhedziso: Pasinei nekuti mabhatiri ane kemikari yesimbi-lithium phosphate (LiFeO4, LFP) anonyanya kushandiswa mumotokari dzemagetsi, maitiro avo ane mabhenefiti akawanda pamusoro peLMO kemikari formula, anobvumira kuchaja pane yakakwira ikozvino, uye haanyanyi kunetseka. kune njodzi yekupisa kwekutiza. Ndeupi rudzi rwemabhatiri ekusarudza anoramba ari pakufunga kwemupi weiyo yakagadzirira-yakagadzirwa mhinduro yakabatanidzwa, uyo anosarudza izvi zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemaitiro, uye kwete zvishoma pane zvese mutengo webhatiri array sechikamu cheUPS. Parizvino, chero mhando yemabhatiri e-lithium-ion ichiri yakaderera mumutengo kune classical mhinduro, asi iyo yakakwira chaiyo simba remabhatiri e-lithium pachiyero cheyuniti uye madiki madiki anowedzera kusarudza sarudzo kune mitsva yekuchengetedza simba. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, huremu hwepasi hweUPS hunosarudza sarudzo yakanangana nehunyanzvi hutsva. Iyi nzira ichaitika zvachose isingazivikanwi, uye ikozvino inokanganiswa nemutengo wepamusoro muchikamu chemutengo wakaderera (mhinduro dzeimba) uye inertia yekufunga pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwemoto we lithiamu pakati pevatengi vari kutsvaga zvakanakisisa UPS sarudzo muUPS yeindasitiri. chikamu chine simba rinopfuura 100 kVA. Iyo yepakati-chikamu chikamu cheUPS simba kubva pa3 kVA kusvika 100 kVA inogona kuitwa uchishandisa lithium-ion tekinoroji, asi nekuda kwediki-chikamu kugadzirwa, inodhura zvakanyanya uye yakaderera kune yakagadzirira-yakagadzirwa serial UPS modhi uchishandisa VRLA mabhatiri.
Iwe unogona kuwana rumwe ruzivo uye kukurukura imwe mhinduro uchishandisa lithium-ion mabhatiri ekamuri yako sevha kana data data nekutumira chikumbiro neemail. , kana nekuita chikumbiro pawebhusaiti yekambani .
Vhura TECHNOLOGIES - yakavimbika yakazara mhinduro kubva kuvatungamiriri venyika, yakagadziridzwa zvakananga kune zvinangwa zvako uye zvinangwa.
Author: Kulikov Oleg
Inotungamira Dhizaini Injiniya
Kubatanidza Solutions Dhipatimendi
Open Technologies Company
Source: www.habr.com