Distributed systems inogona kunetsa kubata nekuti ine zvakawanda zvinofamba, zvinochinja zvinhu zvinofanirwa kushanda nemazvo kuti system ishande. Kana chimwe chezvinhu chikatadza, sisitimu inofanirwa kuiona, yopfuura nekuigadzirisa, uye zvese izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa otomatiki. Mune ino Kubernetes Best Practices akatevedzana, isu tichadzidza kuseta Kugadzirira uye Kurarama bvunzo kuyedza hutano hweKubernetes cluster.
Hutano Cheki inzira iri nyore yekuita kuti sisitimu izive kana yako application muenzaniso iri kushanda kana kwete. Kana chiitiko chako chekunyorera chiri pasi, saka mamwe masevhisi haafanire kuiwana kana kutumira zvikumbiro kwairi. Pane kudaro, chikumbiro chinofanirwa kutumirwa kune imwe chiitiko chekushandisa icho chiri kutoshanda kana chichazovhurwa gare gare. Uye zvakare, iyo sisitimu inofanirwa kudzoreredza yakarasika mashandiro ekushandisa kwako.
Nekusagadzikana, Kubernetes ichatanga kutumira traffic kune pod kana zvese midziyo iri mukati mepods ichimhanya, uye tangazve midziyo kana yaparara. Iyi default system maitiro anogona kunge akanaka zvakakwana kutanga, asi iwe unogona kuvandudza kuvimbika kwechigadzirwa chako kutumira nekushandisa tsika dzehutsanana cheki.
Neraki, Kubernetes inoita kuti izvi zvive nyore kuita, saka hapana chikonzero chekuregeredza aya macheki. Kubernetes inopa marudzi maviri eHealth Checks, uye zvakakosha kuti unzwisise mutsauko wekuti imwe neimwe inoshandiswa sei.
Iyo Kugadzirira bvunzo yakagadzirirwa kuudza Kubernetes kuti application yako yakagadzirira kubata traffic. Asati abvumidza sevhisi kutumira traffic kune pod, Kubernetes anofanira kuona kuti kugadzirira cheki kwakabudirira. Kana iyo Kugadzirira bvunzo ikatadza, Kubernetes anomira kutumira traffic kune pod kusvika bvunzo yapfuura.
Iyo Liveness bvunzo inoudza Kubernetes kuti chikumbiro chako chipenyu here kana chafa. Muchiitiko chekutanga, Kubernetes achaisiya ega, mune yechipiri inodzima pod yakafa uye kuitsiva neimwe itsva.
Ngatimbofungidzira mamiriro ekuti application yako inotora miniti imwe kudziya uye kutanga. Sevhisi yako haizotanga kushanda kudzamara application yazara uye kushanda, kunyangwe kufambiswa kwebasa kwatotanga. Iwe zvakare uchange uine matambudziko kana iwe uchida kukwidza uku kutumirwa kune akawanda makopi, nekuti iwo makopi haafanire kugamuchira traffic kusvika agadzirira zvizere. Nekudaro, nekusarudzika, Kubernetes ichatanga kutumira traffic nekukurumidza kana maitiro mukati memudziyo atanga.
Paunenge uchishandisa iyo Readiness bvunzo, Kubernetes anomirira kusvika iyo application yave kushanda zvizere isati yabvumidza iyo sevhisi kutumira traffic kukopi nyowani.
Ngatimbofungidzira imwe mamiriro umo iyo application inorembera kwenguva yakareba, ichimira sevhisi zvikumbiro. Sezvo maitiro arikuenderera mberi, nekusarudzika Kubernetes anozofunga zvese zvakanaka uye oenderera mberi nekutumira zvikumbiro kune isingashande pod. Asi kana uchishandisa Liveness, Kubernetes anoona kuti application haichasevenze zvikumbiro uye ichatangazve iyo yakafa pod nekukasira.
Ngatitarisei kuti kugadzirira uye kugona kunoedzwa sei. Pane nzira nhatu dzekuyedza - HTTP, Command uye TCP. Iwe unogona kushandisa chero ipi zvayo kutarisa. Nzira yakajairika yekuyedza mushandisi ndeyeHTTP probe.
Kunyangwe kana application yako isiri yeHTTP sevha, unogona kugadzira isingaremi HTTP server mukati mekushandisa kwako kuti ubatane neLiveness bvunzo. Mushure meizvi, Kubernetes ichatanga pinging pod, uye kana mhinduro yeHTTP iri mu 200 kana 300 ms range, inoratidza kuti pod ine utano. Zvikasadaro, module inozonyorwa se "isina hutano".
Yekuraira bvunzo, Kubernetes inomhanyisa kuraira mukati memudziyo wako. Kana iwo murairo ukadzoka ne zero yekubuda kodhi, ipapo mudziyo unozoiswa chiratidzo seane hutano, zvikasadaro, pawakagamuchira nhamba yekubuda kubva pa1 kusvika 255, mudziyo unozoiswa chiratidzo se "kurwara". Iyi nzira yekuyedza inobatsira kana iwe usingakwanise kana usingade kumhanya sevha yeHTTP, asi uchikwanisa kumhanyisa murairo unozoongorora hutano hwekushandisa kwako.
Iyo yekupedzisira yekusimbisa nzira ndeye TCP bvunzo. Kubernetes anoedza kumisikidza kubatana kweTCP pane yakataurwa chiteshi. Kana izvi zvichigona kuitwa, mudziyo unoonekwa une hutano; kana zvisiri, unoonekwa seusingagoneki. Iyi nzira inogona kubatsira kana uri kushandisa mamiriro ezvinhu apo kuyedzwa nechikumbiro cheHTTP kana kuuraya kwekuraira hakushande zvakanyanya. Semuenzaniso, masevhisi makuru ekusimbisa uchishandisa TCP angave gRPC kana FTP.
Miedzo inogona kugadzirwa nenzira dzinoverengeka neyakasiyana paramita. Iwe unogona kutsanangura kuti kangani kavanofanirwa kuurayiwa, kuti kubudirira uye kukundikana zvikumbaridzo ndezvipi, uye kuti inguva yakadii yekumirira mhinduro. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, ona zvinyorwa zveKugadzirira uye Kurarama bvunzo. Nekudaro, pane imwe yakakosha poindi yekumisikidza Liveness bvunzo - yekutanga kuseta kwekunonoka kwekuyedza kutangaDelaySeconds. Sezvandambotaura, kukundikana kwebvunzo iyi kuchaita kuti module itangwezve. Saka iwe unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti kuyedzwa hakutange kusvika application yagadzirira kuenda, zvikasadaro ichatanga kuchovha bhasikoro kuburikidza nekutangazve. Ini ndinokurudzira kushandisa iyo P99 yekutanga nguva kana avhareji nguva yekutanga application kubva kune buffer. Rangarira kugadzirisa kukosha uku sezvo nguva yako yekutanga application inokurumidza kana kuderera.
Nyanzvi zhinji dzinosimbisa kuti Hutano Cheki icheki inosungirwa kune chero yakagovaniswa system, uye Kubernetes ndizvozvo. Kushandisa masevhisi ehutano cheki kunovimbisa yakavimbika, isina dambudziko kushanda kweKubernetes uye haina basa kune vashandisi.
Ichaenderera mberi nekukurumidza...
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Source: www.habr.com