Ehe iri yekare. Muna Chivabvu apfuura, iyo yepasi rose yakagadziriswa social network Fediverse (Chirungu β Fediverse) 11 makore! Chaizvo makore mazhinji apfuura, muvambi weIdenti.ca chirongwa akaburitsa yake yekutanga positi.
Zvichakadaro, mumwe munhu asingazivikanwe pane anoremekedzwa sosi akanyora: "Dambudziko neFediverse nderekuti vaviri nehafu vanochera vanoziva nezvazvo.".
Iro dambudziko risinganzwisisike. Ngatigadzirise! Uye, panguva imwecheteyo, tichaedza kubvisa dzimwe ngano (uye kusimbisa dzimwe ngano).
*Kuti upedze mufananidzo, zvingave zvakakosha kuti uzvizive iwe pachako nezve Fediverse, ine caveat iyo yakawanda yacho yatove yekare.
Ngatitange nengano ine gakava zvikuru.
Nhema #1: <Zita rechero corporation> haripe dhiri pamusoro pemakakatanwa ese ane decentralized "dzimwe nzira".
Kusvika kumwero wakati, mashoko aya ndeechokwadi. Chaizvo chaizvo sekutaura kwaMahatma Gandhi: "Kutanga vanokufuratira, vozokuseka, vozorwa newe, wozokunda".
Nyaya yedecentralization haitendi munhu. Pakupera kwa2018, mugadziri weWorld Wide Web, Tim Berners-Lee, akataura nezve hurongwa hwake hwekupa dandemutande nepurojekiti nyowani. . Zvingaite senge, wadii kutarisisa kune yatovepo federated social network ine protocol , izvo zvakamira , iyo inotungamirirwa naVaBerners-Lee?
Muna Chikunguru 2019, Apple yakabatana neFacebook, Twitter, Google uye Microsoft data migration project . Chii chinonzi Fediverse chine chekuita nazvo? Mune purojekiti repository, pamwe ne Twitter, Instagram, Facebook (uye Solid), iwe uchawana kune federal network . Hazvina kuipa kune network isina basa.
Muna Gumiguru 2019, muvambi weWikipedia Jimmy Wales akazivisa kuvhurwa kwe "imwe nzira kuFacebook ne Twitter" - , chikuva chisina ad chinofambiswa nezvipo zvevashandisi. Aya mazano anoyeuchidza masangano akabatanidzwa, sezvo vashandisi ve Twitter vakakurumidza kuudza VaWales. Izvozvo nezve kuitwa kweiyo ActivityPub protocol uye gare gare yakazivisa kuti kodhi yeWT:Social chirongwa chaizovhurwa pasi peGPLv3 rezinesi. Hukuru!
Muna Zvita 2019, mugadziri weTwitter Jack Dorsey nezve zvinangwa zvekambani zvekuisa mari mukutsvagisa nekugadzira akati wandei akavhurika akatemerwa zviyero zvesocial network, kuitira kuvandudza iyo Twitter sevhisi. Paive nemajee akawanda pamusoro peizvi paFediverse network nezve chokwadi chekuti Dorsey akafunga kubatanidza iyo Mastodon federated network. Ichokwadi ndechokuti mwedzi mumwe Dorsey asati ataura chirevo chake pa Twitter kune iyo yepamutemo yekusimudzira account yeMastodon network. Saka hapana chaaigona kuita kunze kwekuziva nezvekuvapo kwaro. Developer Mastodon positive nezve zano rekubatanidza Twitter kune Fediversity network (pane kugadzira mitsva isingaenderane zviyero).
Zvino mubvunzo kune vaverengi: padanho ripi raunofunga kuti Fediverse iri mukati mekutsanangurwa kwaMahatma Gandhi?
Nhema #2: Federated network anoshandiswa nevakawanda ve10 vatorwa uye zana bots. Mapurojekiti akafa! Hapana budiriro! Hapana zvinonamirwa!
Ini ndinokurumidza kukusimbisa: zvimiti zvave nguva pfupi yadarika mune federated network , imwe yemapuratifomu ari kukurumidza kukura maererano nehuwandu hwemaseva. Iyo kodhi yeprojekiti yakanyorwa mumutauro weElixir uye yakagadziridzwa kunharaunda diki (unogona kumhanya zviri nyore node pane imwe Beaglebone kana Raspberry Pi).
Runyerekupe rwekufa kwemapurojekiti emubatanidzwa rwakawedzeredzwa. Ehe, microblogging network GNU Social, iripo kubva 2010, yakasakara nemaitiro emazuva ano. Kusvika nguva pfupi yadarika, yanga isina kana kugona kutumira meseji isiri yeruzhinji, sezvo mamiriro ezvinhu aya asina kupihwa muOStatus protocol yakatarwa. Sezvineiwo, GNU Social yanga iripo kwegore ikozvino pakushandiswa kweiyo ActivityPub protocol.
Ngatitarisei kune itsva, inoshingairira kugadzira network.
Iyo yakanyanya kubudirira mubatanidzwa chirongwa (kwenguva yakati ikozvino yepamusoro kune Twitter mukushanda), muna Ndira gore rapfuura grant , yakanangana nemapurojekiti e "unyowani, arikuuya-uye-anouya". Pamusoro pezvo, chirongwa ichi chine rutsigiro rwakagadzikana rwemari paPatreon. Muna 2019 Keybase kubatanidzwa neMastodon, izvo zvakakonzera maitiro akasiyana kubva kuvashandisi. Neraki, sezvinotarisirwa mune yakavhurika sosi software, izvi ndezvekusarudza uye zvinosarudzwa parutivi rwe server server.
Mastodon ine maforogo akati wandei anonakidza: ine maficha ekuyedza (ayo anowanzo kugamuchirwa mubazi rakazara reMastodon chirongwa), , iyo inowedzera mikana yekumaka zvigaro. Izvo zvakakoshawo kutarisisa kune mamwe mainterfaces, kusanganisira ΠΈ .
Kana uri kupfuura, usakanganwa kubatana nesu .
Iwe unogona kuwana zvakawanda nezve Mastodon online, saka ngatienderere mberi.
- yakasarudzika vhidhiyo yekutambira uye vhidhiyo yekutepfenyura chikuva - yakagadzirwa nenharaunda seimwe nzira yeYouTube/Vimeo. Iyo purojekiti yakatanga kuoneka munhau nekuda kweGoogle, iyo muna 2018 yakavhara kwenguva pfupi account yeBlender 3D modeling system. Zvadaro vanofarira yako PeerTube, iyo ichiri kuwanikwa nhasi. Chinangwa chepurojekiti ndechekugadzira network yevanopa mavhidhiyo akabatana, akazvimirira kune vatambi vakuru vemusika. Kuti urerutse mutoro pamaseva, chikuva chinotsigira kutepfenyura kwevezera-kune-vezera vachishandisa WebRTC: kana vashandisi vakati wandei panguva imwe chete vachiona vhidhiyo mubrowser, chero tebhu yakavhurika, vashandisi vanobatsira kugovera zvirimo.
Munguva pfupi yapfuura kuburitswa kweshanduro 2.0. Mavhidhiyo kubva kuPeerTube anogona kutariswa kubva kuMastodon network (100% ruzivo) uye mamwe mamwe Fediversity network (bugs zvinogoneka).
Vatauri veRussia vanotumira paPeerTube nezve nhoroondo yeFediverse kubva . Iva nechokwadi chekuteerera!
- senge Instagram, chete isina mapikicha ezvipikiri (zvirinani izvozvi)! Project munguva pfupi yapfuura rubatsiro kubva kuEuropean Organisation kuti iwedzere kusimudzira uye mugore rapfuura yakawedzera nhamba yemanodhi kusvika ku100+. Federates ine akawanda Fediverse network.
- imwe nzira yeGrooveshark uye Deezer. Yakanyorwa muPython, chirongwa yakabatanidzwa neMastodon network munguva pfupi yapfuura saDecember gore rapfuura. Iyo puratifomu inokubvumira kuti ugadzire playlists, teerera kune vamwe vanhu mimhanzi sarudzo ("redhiyo"), uye taurirana nevamwe vashandisi. Zvinogoneka kudhawunirodha uye kugovera marekodhi ekurekodha pane zvishoma, semuenzaniso, kudzivirira matambudziko ekodzero.
inzvimbo isingatarisirwi yakabudirira federated blogging platform. Sezviri pachena vashandisi veMastodon vaneta chaizvo ne500 character limit. Imwe nzira kana imwe, purojekiti yakakurumidza kuwana mukurumbira mumakwikwi akamanikana - 200+ maseva mune inopfuura gore - uye nekuda kwekugadziriswa kweinobhadharwa node (kune avo vane usimbe kusimudza yavo uye wese anoda kubatsira nemari. ) kunyange nezvekutsvaga vatsva veGo vagadziri pachibvumirano. Muna Chikumi 2019, Linux kernel vanogadzira itsva blog sevhisi , iyo ine WriteFreely software pasi pehodhi. Zvinyorwa papuratifomu iyi zvinogona kuverengwa kubva kuPleroma uye mamwe mamwe maFediverse network.
- yakagadziridzwa mubatanidzwa protocol-yekuwedzera yeActionPub, iyo ichapa mubatanidzwa pakati peshanduro yekudzora masisitimu. Kare purojekiti yakadanwa .
Zvimwe zvinhu zvinonakidza - yekuronga misangano, zviitiko, makonferensi. Yakagadzirwa nekubatana zvichibva pamibairo yekubudirira kwevanhu vakawanda , chikuva ichi chichatsiva MeetUp, Facebook mapoka uye mamwe epakati mhinduro. Hooray!
Mune yapfuura network dzakataurwa , ΠΈ . Parizvino, ese matatu network aita iyo ActivityPub protocol uye akabatana neakawanda emafederated network, uku achichengetedza mukana wemubatanidzwa une yakakura (nenhamba yeakaundi) network. . Vamwe vangati kuchengetedza maprotocol akawanda idambudziko. Nekuda kwekushanda kwakasiyana, kuve nechokwadi chemubatanidzwa wakagadzikana nemamwe ese network ibasa risiri diki. Uye zvakadaro, zvinogoneka.
inowanikwa inoonekwa seyakareruka kudzidza kune vashandisi veFacebook. Ini ndaizopokana neizvi (kunyangwe ini ndichiwanawo dhizaini yeFacebook isingaite). Zvisina muganho zvinotumirwa, mafoto maalbum, mameseji emunhu - iwo mashoma seti anotarisirwa kubva pasocial network ari pano. Iyo purojekiti inoda chaizvo kumberi-yekupedzisira anofarira (zvinongoitika kuti timu inoumbwa nevagadziri vekumashure) - ndiani anoda kujoinha yakavhurika sosi?
- kwete yakanyanya intuitive network (ini ndinokoka munhu wese kuti abatsire kuvandudza iyo interface). Asi chikuva chinopa mikana yakawanda yekushanda sesocial network, foramu, mapoka ekukurukurirana, Wiki uye webhusaiti. Kuburitswa kwazvino kwaiva pakupera kwa2019. Pamusoro peiyo ActivityPub uye diaspora protocol, Hubzilla inodyirwa mukati metiweki ichishandisa yayo protocol. , nekuda kwainopa maviri maficha akasiyana neFediverse. Chekutanga, kune magumo-kumagumo echokwadi "Nomadic Identity". Chechipiri, iyo account cloning basa inobvumidza iwe kuve ne "backup" yeese data (posts, contacts, matsamba) pane imwe sevha - inobatsira kana sevha huru ikangoerekana yaenda kunze kwenyika. Kusunga mushandisi kune chaiyo sevha (uye kuoma kwekuwedzera kutamira kune imwe nyowani) inzvimbo isina simba yemafederated network. Mapurojekiti akati wandei eFediverse aratidza chishuwo chekuita iyo Zot protocol, asi kusvika parizvino padanho rehurukuro. Zvichakadaro, pamusoro pekumisikidzwa kwepamutemo kweZot protocol mukati meW3C.
Hubzilla Russian-inotaura nharaunda forum (iwe unogona kunyorera kwairi kubva kune mamwe ma network ayo Hubzilla inodyirwa nawo).
- network yakabatana ine inoshanduka interface inoyeuchidza yePinterest kana Tumblr. Yakanyanya kukodzera kune zvinoonekwa zvemukati (mienzaniso, mafoto). Muvambi weprojekiti, zvakare muvambi wesangano risingabatsiri rekusimudzira mapuratifomu akabatana , ine mikana yakawanda inofadza yakarongwa. Network iri kufamba zvishoma nezvishoma, tiri kutarisa zviri kuitika.
- zvishoma zvinogona kutaurwa pamusoro peiyi purojekiti zvakadaro, kunze kwekuti iri kugadzirwa neaimbova mushandi weVKontakte neTeregiramu, uye neimwe nzira, clone yeVKontakte inorongwa. Zvingave zvinobatsira zvikuru: kushanda kwenharaunda hakuna kukudziridzwa zvakanaka mumafederated network. Iyo kodhi yeprojekiti haisati yaburitswa, asi yakatobatanidzwa.
Ehe, aya haasi ese ma network anoumba Fediverse. Mapurogiramu anonyatsoda kunyora vhezheni yavo, saka muna 2019 chete, mapurojekiti gumi nematatu akaonekwa. Tarisa kune yazvino rondedzero yeFediverse network , uye iwe unogona kuverenga nezve mhedzisiro ye2019 .
Kudzokera kungano, ye2019 muFediverse vanopfuura miriyoni vashandisi vatsva vakawedzerwa. Saka, mushure mezvose, kune vatorwa vanopfuura 10. Nharaunda inotaura chiRussia ichiri duku.
Ngano #3 (yakanyanya kushinga): hapana anoda zvese izvi!
Uye pano, muverengi, ini handikwanise kukugonesa nemavara. Kunenge kutsanangura manakiro evise kumunhu asina kumboriedza.
Hurukuro hunokosha (hukuru) kubva kumumiriri ane mukurumbira paParamende yeEuropean munaNovember 2019, kwaaive vamiriri vevanhu, ndeapi matambudziko makuru eiyo EU maitiro ekugadzirisa uye kutsigira makambani epakati uye kutanga-ups, uye ndezvipi zvakanakira akavhurika federated network. Ndinokurudzira kuona. Kana Aral ikasakukurudzira kuti uedze mafederated network, ini handidi.
Wona zvakare marekodhi emitambo kubva , yakaitwa muna August muPrague. Chiitiko ichi chaive chakashata, chakarongeka nekukurumidza zvekuti havasi vese vaive nenguva yekutenga matikiti nekuuya. Nhau dzakanaka ndedzekuti musangano mutsva wakarongwa kune ese akabatana network (kwete chete ActivityPub) muna 2020 muBarcelona. kune nhau dzechiitiko.
Mamwe malink anobatsira:
- Federated Networks Guide Saiti -
- Server statistics -
- Nhamba dzeakasiyana mapurojekiti emubatanidzwa -
- Dzimwe nhamba -
- Kubatana kwekuona -
Chekupedzisira, mufananidzo wekukwezva iwe poster kubva kuChaos Computer Club congress gore rapfuura:
Toonana paFediverse!
Ndinoda kuratidza kutenda kwangu kuna Chiremba nekuverenga chinyorwa ichi uye neshanduko dzinobatsira, uye kuna Maxim kubva kuchikwata cheHubzilla nekuwedzera kwake..
Source: www.habr.com