Monopoly, kushungurudzwa kwesimba uye kuzvifarira kana ruoko runobatsira mugungwa re spam? Vamiriri kubva kumakambani akati wandei eInternet vakataura nemutori wenhau wehunyanzvi Lars "Ghandy" Sobiraj kuti vakurukure nezve purojekiti yeSpamhaus ine gakava. Yakagadziridzwa ongororo pasi pekuchekwa.
Ndivanaani vari Spamhaus Project
Kutsvaga nekukurumidza pamhepo kunoratidza kuti Spamhaus isangano repasi rose risingabatsiri rakavambwa muna 1998. Zvisinei, maererano neaimbova CIO (verenga: mukurukuri) wekambani, Richard Cox, Spamhaus iBritish Limited Company. Panguva yekuburitswa kwebvunzurudzo naCox (2011), hofisi huru yeSpamhaus yaive kuGeneva. Zvisinei, ruzivo rwese pamusoro pekambani inopesana, haipindirani uye isinganzwisisike.
Sven Olaf von Kamphuis (zvino anonzi SOvK), mumwe wevatangi veCyberbunker, anotaura nezveSpamhaus nenzira isingafadzi. Maererano naye, VaCox vave nemakore anopfuura 20 vasingashande, kana munhu uyu ariko. Chirongwa ichi chinonzi chiri kutungamirirwa naVaStephen John Linford nemudzimai wavo Myra Peters chete. Pamusoro pezvo, sezvinoratidzwa neSOvK, masangano asingabatsiri haawanzo kuda kuvepo muSeychelles kana Mauritius. The Cyberbunker co-muvambi zvakare haanzwisise kuti sei vatori venhau vazhinji vari kudanana neprojekiti - indasitiri yenhau ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera matambudziko ane chekuita neSpamhaus. Ruzivo rwese rwunofambiswa nepurojekiti kune tekinoroji zvinyorwa runowanzo kuburitswa pasina chero ongororo, SOvK inoenderera.
Spamhaus Project Twitter account, inoda kusvika 4000 vateveri
Mutongi uye muurayi mumunhu mumwe chete pasina mvumo yepamutemo yekuita kudaro
Chii chinokurumidza kubata ziso rako: zvisinei kuti basa rekambani rakakosha uye rinonzwisisika sei, purojekiti yeSpamhaus haina nheyo yepamutemo yemabasa avo. Pamusoro pezvo, mabasa avo haasati ambobvumidzwa zviri pamutemo nehurumende kana zviremera zvine hunyanzvi: SOvK inotarisa pachokwadi chekuti Spamhaus haasi kana nhengo yeRIPE (Réseaux IP Européens mutongi weEuropean anobata nekunyoreswa uye kugovera zviwanikwa pa Internet). Nekudaro, kune kunze kwenyika, fungidziro ndeyekuti Spamhaus imhando ye "internet mapurisa", nepo, Campuis inotaura, kambani pachayo "inoda kutariswa nemapurisa." Anotaurawo kuti kubudiswa kwehuwandu hwemashoko pawebsite yeSpamhaus hakusi pamutemo uye kunotyora kodzero dzekuchengetedza data. Kuburitswa kweruzivo rwese nezve spammers muprojekiti kunofanirwa kurambidzwa. Dambudziko, maererano neSOvK, ndiko kubudiswa kwemashoko ega ega muRejista yeInozivikanwa Spam Operations (ROKSO). Iyi data inofanirwa kuchengetedzwa semamwe ruzivo rwemunhu, tisingatauri chokwadi chekuti zviri mukati meSpamhaus dhatabhesi hazvigone kuwanikwa zviri pamutemo nguva dzose.
Roskomndazor chinzvimbo paSpamhaus muRussiaNenzira, pamusoro pemutemo wemabasa eprojekti. Kubva netsananguro maererano neSpamhaus kubva kuRoskomnadzor zvinotevera kuti mabasa avo muRussian Federation hazvisi pamutemo:
Kunze kwekupinda saiti muRejista pahwaro hweRuzivo Mutemo, mutongo wedare kana zvakatemwa zvechibvumirano nemunyoreri (mushandisi) wenharembozha yekutaurirana masevhisi uye zvimwe zvikonzero zvekurambidza kupinda kune saiti (network) ( kusanganisira pakukumbira kwekambani yeSpamhaus), The telecom operator haana.
Kana mushandisi wenharembozha akarambidza zvisiri pamutemo kupinda kune webhusaiti (network) kune anonyorera (mushandisi) wenharembozha yekutaurirana masevhisi, zviito zvemushandisi zvichange zvine zviratidzo zvekutyora chibvumirano neanonyoresa.
Zvakaitika sei: Cyberbunker inopesana ne "Internet mapurisa"
Muna 2013, kupokana pakati pepasi pevhu webhu saiti Cyberbunker uye Spamhaus yakawedzera. Spamhaus, iyo panguva iyoyo yakavakirwa muSwitzerland, yakaisa Cyberbunker pane yayo yakasviba nekuda kwemabasa asina mubvunzo evatengi vayo uye akaita kuti ive pachena. Kutevera izvi, kumwe kurwiswa kukuru kweDDoS munhoroondo yeInternet kwakaitika: Spamhaus.org yakabhombwa nemarara edhijitari nekumhanya kwe75 Gbps. Nekuda kwehuwandu hwayo, kurwiswa kunonzi kwakakanganisa zvishoma traffic yepasi rose. MunaEpril 2013, uyo anonzi akapara mhosva, SOvK, uyo aigara kuSpain panguva iyoyo, akashanyirwa nemapurisa emunharaunda. Makombiyuta, media yekuchengetera uye nharembozha dzemunhu anonzi nemuchuchisi anonzi Mr K.
Chirongwa cheSpamhaus ibhuku rine zvisimbiso zvinomwe
Pasinei nenyaya yeCyberbunker, takaedza kutsvaga kuti chirongwa cheSpamhaus chii, sezvo zvisiri pachena kubva kune ruzivo rwewebsite yavo. Parizvino, mibvunzo yakatumirwa kukero yevatori venhau haisati yawana mhinduro kubva pakupera kwaNdira 2020. VaCampuis vanoti Spamhaus yaive nekambani imwechete isingaite purofiti yakambotaurwa, asi yakabviswa kunyoreswa pakutanga kwa2020. Makambani akanga asara akanga asina zvinangwa zvokuyamura. Kumusoro mupi uye mupi wemusana, SquareFlow, akamhan'arira Spamhaus. SquareFlow inopa masevhisi akafanana kuCogent, HE, GTT, LibertyGlobal nevamwe nekutambira VPN masevhisi. Vakuru vaviri veSquareFlow Group vakapindura kuchikumbiro chedu munaKurume 1, 2020:
Hatingakwanise kubvisira mutengi zvisina tsarukano, tichiramba masevhisi ese, zvichibva pachokwadi chekuti Spamhaus anovaona seakaipa. Pasi pekusarerekera, hatigone kuona kuti traffic ine hutsinye here kana kuti kwete tisina kuita yakadzika packet ongororo, izvo, zvisinei, zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya kuvanzika kwevatengi vedu nevashandisi vavo. Isu tinotungamirirwa nemutemo, uye kwete nemafungiro ekambani yechitatu iyo inoda kuraira kuInternet yose inobvumirwa kushanda pamambure uye ndiani asiri. Panguva ino, hatina humbowo, mitongo yedare, kana zvimwe zvikonzero zvokutenda kuti makasitoma edu ari kuita zvinhu zvinokuvadza.
Nekuda kwekuti isu hatina kushandira pamwe naSpamhaus, vakaedza kakawanda kukanganisa mukurumbira wekambani yedu, vatengesi vedu uye vatinoshanda navo. Pasina mamiriro ezvinhu isu kana vatengi vedu vanogona kubatwa nemhosva yekufungira.
Kutyisidzira, kunyevera, kuparadzanisa nesimba
Kuedza kwavo kupesvedzera network yese kunogona kunzi kumanikidza, chinova chiitiko chemhosva munyika dzese dzeEU. Pakave nezviitiko zvakati wandei apo Spamhaus yakadzvanya network yese yevanopa nekuda kwemutengi mumwechete, vachivamanikidza kuti vasiye kushandira vasingadiwe. Isu tinotenda kuti kuvanzika kwedata uye kusazivikanwa ikodzero dzevanhu. Nekuda kweizvozvo, hatizombofa takatevera neupofu zvikumbiro zvisina musoro zveSpamhaus kana chero imwe bato inoedza kuraira mazwi. Nekuda kwezviito zvavo, takatanga kutora matanho pamusoro pemaitiro avo ebhizinesi.
Isu tinotsigirawo vatinoshanda navo mumatare edzimhosva anopesana naSpamhaus, sezvo Spamhaus ichiri kuedza kutimanikidza kuti tirege kushumira vamwe vatengi kuburikidza nekubatana nevatinoshanda navo uye vatengesi, vachizivisa isu matsotsi nekusatevedzera zvikumbiro zvavo, izvo zviri pachena kuti kushandiswa kwesimba zvisina kunaka. Isu tinofungidzira kuti kuenda kwavo kuAndorra kune chekuita nehunhu hwavo hwekupara mhosva izvo zvakapesana neBritish mutemo wemutemo.
Nemwoyo wose.
SquareFlow Group - Public Relations
Akamiririra bhodhi revatungamiriri: Wim B., Florian B.
Kufambisa Spamhaus kuenda kuAndorra
Iyo Spamhaus purojekiti parizvino yakavakirwa muAndorra, nyika diki iri muPyrenees, iyo, maererano neWikipedia, inonyanya kuzivikanwa nenzvimbo dzayo dzekutandarira, zvitoro zvisingabhadharisi uye mamiriro emutero. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti Andorra haisi chikamu cheEU; hukama pakati peAndorra neEuropean Union hunotongwa nezvibvumirano chete.
Zvakanga zvisiri nyore kuwana chero ruzivo nezvesangano idzva rakabatana neSpamhaus, asi ndakazokwanisa kuwana ruzivo rwandaida kubva kuEUIPO (European Union Intellectual Property Office). EUIPO data inotaura kuti kambani inonzi Spamhaus IP Holdings SLU parizvino ine trademark Nha. Chikumbiro chekunyoresa chakaiswa neBoyes Turner LLP.
Spamhaus Trademark Registration Details
Mazita anovanzwa nezvikonzero zviri pachena.
Cherechedza kubva kumushanduriKuwana chero chinhu pamusoro pemutemo weSpamhaus kwakaoma chaizvo. Uyezve, ruzivo runowanikwa pamusoro haruna chokwadi. Ruzivo chete rwunowanikwa pawebhusaiti yeSpamhaus pachayo nezve nzvimbo yekambani ine chekuita nechiratidzo - izwi rekuti "Spamhaus", iro rakanyoreswa muEU.
ROKSO sechigumbuso
Zviripachena, chinangwa cheSpamhaus purojekiti yaive yekutsvaga spam vanogovera. Sezvatotaurwa, data nezve spammers inochengetwa muROKSO dhatabhesi. Nekudaro, zvakapihwa kuti dhatabhesi iyi iri paruzhinji, Spamhaus inoisa vese vanofungidzirwa pabhodhi renyadzi. Kwete chete iwe unogona kuwana yakawanda yega data mudhatabhesi, zvakare ine mameseji kubva kune vakakuvadzwa anoburitswa pasina censorship. Uye sezvo Spamhaus achigara kunze kweEU, hapana mhedzisiro yekambani kubva kuGDPR.
ROKSO inochengeta rekodhi yezvese zvinofungirwa zviitiko, ingave chaiyo spam kana kukanganisa kwakapusa. Nokudaro, hapana mubvunzo wekufungidzira kupi nokupi kwokusava nemhaka. Izvo zvakare hazvigoneke kukurumidza kubata kambani. Iko hakuna nhamba yefoni, email kana kungoita fomu rekuonana rerutsigiro rwevatengi pane yavo webhusaiti. Rumwe ruzivo rwakapatsanuka runogona kuwanikwa nekunyatso dzidza iyo FAQ. Ndakaedza kubata kambani yacho zvakananga: kubva mukupera kwaNdira 2020 kusvika pakuburitswa kwechinyorwa [chinyorwa: Kubvumbi 6 wegore rimwe chetero], hapana mhinduro yakagamuchirwa kuchikumbiro chimwe chete.
Kutsoropodza kweSpamhaus blacklist (SBL) kubva kuVPN sevhisi nVPN
VPN mupi nVpn anoshoropodza chirongwa kune zvimwe zvikonzero. Iyo Spamhaus Black List (SBL) inogara yakagadziridzwa dhatabhesi re IP kero. Spamhaus inokurudzira zvakasimba kusagamuchira email kubva kumakero ari mudhatabhesi. Iyo kambani inototi iyi dhatabhesi inogona kuwanikwa munguva chaiyo. Pawebhusaiti yeSpamhaus, chikamu cheSBL chinoti "blacklist" inobvumira vatariri vevamiriri vetsamba kuti vaone, mureza, kana kuti vavhare zvinongedzo zvinopinda kubva kuI IP kero iyo Spamhaus inosarudza kuve yakabatana nekutumira, kubata, kana kugadzira email yakawanda isina kukumbirwa. Inotiwo dhatabhesi reSBL rinochengetedzwa nechikwata chakazvipira chevaongorori nenyanzvi dzesainzi kubva kunyika gumi dzinoshanda siku nesikati kuongorora nyaya dzine chekuita nespam. Nekudaro, chaizvo kuti kuziva, kutarisa, kana kudzima marekodhi kunoshanda sei mukati hakuna kutsanangurwa.
nVpn inogara iine matambudziko nekupinda kweSBL, izvo zvinoita kuti makambani anotambira atyisidzire kumisa zvibvumirano zvavo. Semuyenzaniso, muna Ndira 2019, mumiriri wemuAlbania anogamuchira akaudza kambani kuti maseva avo eVPN akange adzikira nekuda kwe "kugona kurova kweSBL."
Uye iyi haisi iyo chete nyaya. “Chokwadi, zvinhu zvakadai zvinoitika nguva nenguva. Pamwe sevha inovharwa kwenguva pfupi nekuda kwekupinda muSBL, kana makambani anongodzima kondirakiti zvachose. Pakutanga (isu tinobvunza zvakananga), ivo vanoti hapazove nematambudziko neSBL, asi kana yavo yese IP yakasarudzika naSpamhaus, mamiriro ezvinhu anochinja. Semuenzaniso, iyi ndiyo nzira yatakarasikirwa nayo sevha yedu muNiš, Serbia. Izvi zvaingova mavhiki mashoma apfuura. Sezvineiwo, kambani yakatipa imwe mari yekudzosera yedu server yekurenda, iyo yakabhadharwa kwemwedzi yakati wandei pamberi. Spamhaus ine njodzi kune masevhisi eVPN, asi isu tinongofanira kurarama nayo.
Mumiriri wenVPN anoenderera mberi:
Isu tinopa isina-kunyoresa VPN sevhisi uye ndeimwe yevashoma inopa vatengi kugona kuvhura kusvika masere ports (TCP neUDP). Hazvigoneki kuti vamwe vanorwisa vanoedza kushandisa zvisizvo chimiro ichi nezvikonzero zvisiri pamutemo. Kunyange zvazvo tichitaura zvakajeka mumitemo yedu yebasa kuti kushandiswa kwakadaro kunorambidzwa, izvi hazvirevi kuti vatengi vose vanoomerera kumitemo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mamwe maprefixes edu akazopedzisira ave muEDROP. Asi semaonero edu, kupinda kweEDROP hakusi kuguma kwenyika, kunyangwe ikavharisa mawebhusaiti mashoma kana sevhisi yekufambisa kana maviri.
Zvisinei, izvi zvichiri kukonzera matambudziko. Ngatifungei kuti takarenda sevha kumwe kunhu uye takagadzira yedu / 24 subnet kushambadzira pasi peASN yekambani inotambira kana pasi pedu. Spamhaus inobata muchengeti wedu uye inotikumbira kuti tibvise mutengi, kureva isu. Kana mupi wacho asingateereri zvikumbiro zvavo nokuti vanovimba nesu, Spamhaus anotanga kuwedzera yakachena hoster prefixes kuSBL, zvichiita kuti vamwe vese vatengi vayo vatadze kutumira tsamba. Ipapo kambani haina imwe sarudzo uye inotivhara kuti vasazotambura kurasikirwa kukuru kwemari.
Muenzaniso wetsamba yekuramba kubva kune hoster:
Hello
Nehurombo, isu hatichakwanisa kukugamuchira patiweki yedu sezvo Spamhaus yakanyora mazita edu ese eIP kero nekuda kwekugamuchira kwako nesu.
Sevha yako ichavharwa pazuva rekupedzisira rekurenda pasina mukana wekuvandudza.
Ndapota chengetedza backup nekukurumidza uye uende kune mumwe mupi.pachokwadi,
Vikas S.
(Director/Muvambi)
Skype: v **** vp *
Kugumiswa kwesevhisi uye kuramba kwekuwedzera kubatana
nVpn inoti yakarasa maseva mazhinji nekuda kwevasina kushandirapamwe vabati mumakore achangopfuura. Pakupedzisira, zvakava zvakaoma kuwana kambani inoda kuvagamuchira. nVpn yakapa Tarnkappe.info nemurairo wekumisa kushanda pamwe uye kuramba kumwe kupihwa kwesevhisi yemusi waChikunguru 11, 2019. Tsamba kubva kuSwiss hosting provider inotaura kuti chirongwa cheSpamhaus chichashandisa "kuparwa kwemhosva" - ndiko kuti, kumanikidzira mupi wacho kuramba kupa kune imwe kambani pasi pemarwadzo ekutongwa kwepamutemo.
Mumiriri wenVpn akati:
Dzimwe nguva Spamhaus haazeze kubata makambani uye anoda kuti varege kufambisa maprefixes edu. Asi havasi vose vanobvuma izvi. Imwe yemakambani aya yakafunga kumhan'arira Spamhaus Ltd iri kuUnited Kingdom, uko kwaimbove nemahofisi makuru echirongwa ichi. Kare ipapo Spamhaus aisakwanisa kushandisa Ltd muzita.
Nekuda kwenyaya, Spamhaus aifanira kutamisa dzimbahwe rayo kubva kuUK kuenda kuAndorra.
Kubva ipapo, nVpn ichiri kugamuchira zviziviso kubva kuSBL, asi Spamhaus yakazomira kutyisidzira avo vanovapa. Spamhaus akamirawo kupindura kune zvikumbiro kubva kuVPN sevhisi yekudzima zvinyorwa kubva kuSBL, izvo zvinoreva kuti akawanda ekare manyorero haachadzimwa uye anoramba ari mudhatabhesi, kunyangwe zvisisakoshe.
Mupi weVPN anotaura kuti Spamhaus yakabatsira kuderedza pasi rose spam munguva yakapfuura, iyo yakave yakakosha. Asi nekufamba kwenguva, chirongwa ichi chakatanga kudhonzera gumbeze pamusoro pacho, kudhinda dhata reavo vari pane rondedzero uye nekushandisa makambani anotambira.
Hapasati paine mhinduro dzemibvunzo yakaoma
Pachine mibvunzo yakawanda pamusoro peSpamhaus project iyo hapana anoda kupindura. Chikumbiro chandakatumira kuAmerican spam muongorori uye mutori wenhau Brian Krebs masvondo matatu apfuura haana kumbowana mhinduro. Zvichida mibvunzo yacho yakanyanyisa, asi izvi hazvina kunyatsojeka. Zvikumbiro zvakatumirwa kune mamwe makambani, asi anenge hapana anoziva nyaya yakazara yeSpamhaus project.
Nezve munyori wechinyorwa chekutanga
Lars "Ghandy" Sobiraj
Lars Sobiraj akatanga basa rake muna 2000 semunyori wemagazini akasiyana siyana emakombuta. Ndiye muvambi weTarnkappe.info. Kubva 2014, Gandhi, sekuzvidaidza kwaanozviti ari pachikuva, anga achitaura nevadzidzi vekumayunivhesiti akasiyana siyana nemamwe masangano edzidzo nezve mashandisiro anoita Internet.
Kubva kumushanduri
Spamhaus zviitiko zvatove yakafukidzwa pana Habré, uye nenzira isina kunaka chete. MuRussia, Spamhaus yakapindira (uye iri kupindira) nebasa remakambani ega ega uye makambani makuru ekugamuchira. Muna 2010, iyo yose yeLatvia yakasvibiswa: saka, mukupindura kune zvichemo kubva kune mumwe wevanopa guru munyika, Spamhaus akapindura kuti Latvia ndiyo imwe yenyika duku kudarika pasi rose, sekunge ichitsvaga. Nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero, zvinyorwa zvekupedzisira zvine chokuita neSpamhouse ndezve 2012-2013, kunyange zvazvo kambani ichiripo nhasi, ndinofunga kuti kukanganwa uku kusina kunaka kunoda kukanganiswa.
Source: www.habr.com