Dudziro yechinyorwa kubva injiniya George Hilliard
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Ini ndiri embedded system engineer. Munguva yangu yekusununguka, ndinowanzotarisa chimwe chinhu chinogona kushandiswa mukugadzirwa kwemaitiro emangwana, kana chimwe chinhu kubva pane zvandinoda.
Imwe nharaunda yakadaro makomputa akachipa anogona kumhanya Linux, uye yakachipa zviri nani. Saka ndakachera pasi gomba rakadzika retsuro yemapurosesa asina kujeka.
Ndakafunga, "Aya ma processor akachipa zvekuti anogona kupihwa mahara." Uye mushure menguva yakati, zano rakauya kwandiri kuti ndigadzire kadhi risina chinhu reLinux muchimiro chebhizinesi kadhi.
Pandakangofunga nezvazvo, ndakafunga kuti chaizova chinhu chakanaka chaizvo kuita. Ndatova nayo up to , uye vaiva nezvakasiyana-siyana zvinofadza, zvakadai sokutevedzera makadhi eflash, magirobhu emwenje anopenya, kana kunyange kufambiswa kwedata pasina waya. Nekudaro, ini handisati ndaona bhizinesi makadhi ane Linux rutsigiro.
Saka ndakazviita mumwe.
Iyi ndiyo yakapedzwa shanduro yechigadzirwa. Yakazara yakaderera ARM komputa inoshandisa yangu tsika vhezheni yeLinux yakavakwa neBuildroot.
Iine USB port mukona. Kana iwe ukaibatanidza nekombuta, inobhutsu mumasekonzi matanhatu uye inoonekwa seflash kadhi uye chaiyo serial port iyo iwe unogona kupinda mukati mekadhi shell. Pane iyo flash drive pane README faira, kopi yangu yekutangazve uye akati wandei mafoto angu. Iyo goko rine mitambo yakati wandei, Unix classics senge rombo uye rogue, diki vhezheni yemutambo 6 uye MicroPython muturikiri.
Zvese izvi zvinoitwa uchishandisa diki diki 8 MB flash chip. Iyo bootloader inokodzera mu256 KB, kernel inotora 1,6 MB, uye iyo yese midzi faira system inotora 2,4 MB. Naizvozvo, pane nzvimbo yakawanda yasara kune chaiyo flash drive. Kune zvakare dhairekitori repamba rinonyorwa kana chero munhu akaita chero chaanoda kuchengetedza. Izvi zvese zvakare zvakachengetwa pane flash chip.
Iyo yese mudziyo inodhura isingasviki $3. Zvakachipa zvakakwana kupa. Kana iwe wakagamuchira mudziyo wakadaro kubva kwandiri, zvinoreva kuti kazhinji ndiri kuedza kukufadza.
Kugadzira uye kuvaka
Ndakagadzira uye ndakaunganidza zvese ini. Iro ibasa rangu uye ndinorida, uye dambudziko rakawanda rave kuwana zvikamu zvakachipa zvakaringana zvekuzvivaraidza.
Sarudzo yeprocessor yaive sarudzo yakakosha kwazvo inobata mutengo uye kugona kweprojekiti. Mushure mekutsvagisa kwakadzama, ndakasarudza iyo F1C100s, isinganyanyo zivikanwa processor kubva kuAllwinner iyo inodhura-yakagadziriswa (kureva, yakachipa yakachipa). Ose ari maviri RAM uye CPU ari mune imwechete package. Ndakatenga mapurosesa paTaobao. Zvimwe zvikamu zvese zvakatengwa kubva kuLCSC.
Ndakaraira mabhodhi kubva kuJLC. Vakandiitira makopi gumi ne$8. Hunhu hwavo hunoshamisa, kunyanya pamutengo; kwete yakatsvinda seOSHPark's, asi ichiri kutaridzika zvakanaka.
Ndakaita batch yekutanga matte dema. Vaitaridzika zvakanaka, asi vaisvibiswa zviri nyore.
Paive nematambudziko akati wandei nebatch rekutanga. Kutanga, USB yekubatanidza yakanga isina kureba zvakakwana kuti ikwane zvakachengeteka mune chero USB ports. Kechipiri, iwo matrack tracks akaitwa zvisizvo, asi ndakatenderedza izvi nekupeta macontacts.
Mushure mekutarisa chinhu chiri chose chaishanda, ndakarayira batch itsva yemapuranga; Iwe unogona kuona mufananidzo wemumwe wavo pakutanga kwechinyorwa.
Nekuda kwehudiki hwezvinhu izvi zvidiki zvese, ndakafunga kuita reflow soldering ndichishandisa . Ini ndinokwanisa kuwana laser cutter, saka ndakaishandisa kucheka stencil yekusimbisa kubva mufirimu relaminator. Iyo stencil yakabuda zvakanaka. Iwo 0,2 mm dhayamita maburi eiyo processor contacts yaida kutarisirwa kwakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekugadzirwa kwemhando yepamusoro - zvaive zvakakosha kuti utarise nemazvo laser uye kusarudza simba rayo.
Mamwe mapuranga anoshanda zvakanaka kubata bhodhi paunenge uchiisa paste.
Ndakaisa solder paste ndokuisa zvikamu zvacho noruoko. Ndakaita shuwa kuti lead haina kushandiswa chero kupi mukuita - ese mabhodhi, zvikamu uye paste zvinosangana neyakajairwa - kuti hana yangu irege kundirova kana ndichizvigovera kuvanhu.
Ndakaita chikanganiso chidiki neichi batch, asi solder paste inoregerera zvikanganiso, uye zvese zvakafamba zvakanaka
Chikamu chega chega chakatora masekonzi gumi kumisikidza, saka ndakaedza kuchengetedza huwandu hwezvikamu kune hushoma. Rumwe ruzivo nezve dhizaini yemepu inogona kuverengwa mune imwe .
Rondedzero yezvinhu uye mutengo
Ndakaramba ndiine bhajeti yakasimba. Uye bhizinesi kadhi rakazoitika sezvakarongwa - ini handina basa nekuripa! Zvechokwadi, handisi kuzozvipa kumunhu wose, sezvo zvinotora nguva kuita kopi imwe neimwe, uye nguva yangu haina kutorwa mumutengo webhizimisi kadhi (iyo rudzi rwekusununguka).
Chinhu
mutengo
F1C100s
$1.42
PCB
$0.80
8MB flash
$0.17
Zvimwe zvikamu zvose
$0.49
Total
$2.88
Sezvingatarisirwa, kune zvakare mari yakaoma kuverenga, sekutumira (sezvo inogovaniswa pakati pezvikamu zvakagadzirirwa mapurojekiti akati wandei). Nekudaro, kune bhodhi rinotsigira Linux, zvakachipa chaizvo. Uku kuparara kunopawo zano rakanaka rekuti imarii inodhura makambani kugadzira michina muchikamu chemutengo wakaderera: unogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvinodhura makambani kunyange zvishoma pane zvazvinondidhurira!
Zviratidzo
Zvekutaura? Iyo kadhi bhutsu yakanyanya kubviswa Linux mumasekonzi matanhatu. Nekuda kwechimiro chechimiro uye mutengo, kadhi harina I/O, tsigiro yetiweki, kana chero huwandu hwakakosha hwekuchengetedza kumhanyisa zvirongwa zvinorema. Zvakangodaro, ndakakwanisa kurovera boka rezvinhu zvinonakidza mumufananidzo we firmware.
USB
Paive nezvakawanda zvezvinhu zvinotonhorera zvaigona kuitwa ne USB, asi ini ndakasarudza yakareruka sarudzo kuitira kuti vanhu vagone kuita kuti ishande kana vakasarudza kuedza bhizinesi rangu kadhi. Linux inobvumira kadhi kuita se "mudziyo" nerutsigiro . Ndakatora mamwe madhiraivha kubva kumapurojekiti apfuura ayo aisanganisira iyi processor, saka ini ndinokwanisa kuwana ese ekushanda kweiyo USB gadget chimiro. Ndakafunga kutevedzera pre-yakagadzirwa flash drive uye kupa shell kuwana kuburikidza neiyo chaiyo serial port.
Shell
Mushure mekupinda mukati semudzi, unogona kumhanya zvinotevera zvirongwa pane serial console:
- rogue: yakasarudzika Unix gomba rinokambaira mutambo wemutambo;
- 2048: mutambo uri nyore we2048 mune console mode;
- fortune: kubuda kwezvirevo zvakasiyana-siyana zvekunyepedzera. Ndakafunga kusabatanidza dhatabhesi rese rekutaura pano kuti ndisiye nzvimbo yezvimwe zvinhu;
- : Muturikiri mudiki kwazvo wePython.
Flash Drive Emulation
Munguva yekubatanidza, maturusi ekuvaka anoburitsa diki FAT32 mufananidzo uye woiwedzera seimwe yezvikamu zveUBI. Iyo Linux Gadget Subsystem inopa PC yake semudziyo wekuchengetera.
Kana iwe uchida kuona izvo zvinoonekwa pane flash drive, nzira iri nyore yekuita izvi ndeyekuverenga . Kune zvakare akati wandei mafoto uye yangu tangazve.
Resources
Sources
Muti wangu weBuildroot wakatumirwa paGitHub - . Pane kodhi yekugadzira iyo NOR flash mufananidzo, iyo inoiswa uchishandisa USB yekurodha modhi ye processor. Iyo ine zvakare yese tsananguro yepakeji yemitambo uye zvimwe zvirongwa zvandakasundira muBuildroot mushure mekunge ndaita zvese kushanda. Kana iwe uchida kushandisa maF1C100s mupurojekiti yako, iyi ingave nzvimbo yakanaka yekutanga (inzwa wakasununguka ).
Ndakashandisa Linux v4.9 yeF1C100s neIcenowy, yakagadziridzwa zvishoma. Kadhi rangu rinomhanya rinenge rakajairwa v5.2. Zviri paGitHub - .
Ini ndinofunga ndine chiteshi chepamusoro cheU-Boot cheF1C100s munyika nhasi, uye zvakare chikamu chakavakirwa pabasa reIcenowy (zvinoshamisa, kuwana U-Boot kuti ishande nemazvo raive basa rinoshungurudza). Iwe unogona zvakare kuiwana paGitHub - .
Zvinyorwa zveF1C100s
Ndakawana zvinyorwa zvishoma zveF1C100s, uye ndiri kuzvitumira pano:
- - general information uye pinout.
- - register tsananguro yeF1C600, inova yakafanana neF1C100s, asi yakatumidzwa zita nerutsigiro rweLinux (ha!).
- Ini ndakazvipira kukwereta ruzivo kubva padhayagiramu kubva - bhodhi rekuvandudza randakashandisa kugadzirisa software.
Ndiri kuisa kune vanoda kuziva. .
mhedziso
Ndakadzidza zvakawanda panguva yekugadzirwa kweprojekti iyi - yaive chirongwa changu chekutanga ndichishandisa reflow soldering oveni. Ndakadzidzawo nzira yekuwana zviwanikwa zvezvikamu zvine zvinyorwa zvisina kunaka.
Ndakashandisa ruzivo rwangu rwaivepo neLinux yakadzamidzirwa uye ruzivo rwekuvandudza bhodhi. Iyo purojekiti haina zvikanganiso, asi inoratidza hunyanzvi hwangu hwese zvakanaka.
Kune avo vanofarira ruzivo rwekushanda neLinux yakamisikidzwa, ini ndinokurudzira kuverenga yangu nhevedzano yezvinyorwa nezve izvi: . Ikoko ini ndinotaura zvakadzama nezve maitiro ekugadzira software uye hardware kubva kutanga kune madiki uye akachipa Linux masisitimu, akafanana nekadhi rangu rekufona.
Source: www.habr.com