Nhasi, chokwadi ndechekuti nekuda kwekuvharirwa uye coronavirus, makambani mazhinji anofanirwa kufunga nezvekupa basa riri kure kune vashandi vavo. Anenge mazuva ese, zvinyorwa zvinoonekwa zvinoratidza zvese zvehunyanzvi uye zvepfungwa zvedambudziko rekuchinjira kubasa riri kure. Panguva imwecheteyo, ruzivo rwakakura mubasa rakadaro rwakatove rwakaunganidzirwa, semuenzaniso, nevashandi vehurumende kana kuti makambani eTI ayo ave achishanda nevashandi nevatengi vanogara munyika yose kwenguva yakareba.
Kuchinjisa kambani hombe yeIT kuenda kubasa kure kungasava basa riri nyore. Nekudaro, muzviitiko zvakawanda iwe unogona kupfuura neanozivikanwa maturusi uye matekiniki. Muchikamu chino tichatarisa ruzivo rwedu rwebasa rekure kubva kudivi rehunyanzvi. Tinovimba kuti ruzivo urwu ruchabatsira makambani kujairana nemamiriro matsva. Ndingatenda kune chero mhinduro, mazano uye kuwedzera.
Kusvika kure kune zviwanikwa zvekambani
Kana kambani yeIT ichishanda muhofisi, saka, sekutonga, kune masisitimu ehurongwa, malaptop, maseva, maprinta uye scanner, pamwe nenhare. Zvese izvi zvakabatana neInternet kuburikidza nerouter. Mumakore ekutanga ekuvapo kwayo, kambani yedu yakaisa midziyo yakadaro muhofisi.
Zvino fungidzira kuti iwe unofanirwa kukurumidza kutumira vashandi vako vese kumba mukati memazuva 1-2, uye kuti basa remapurojekiti rirege kumira. Chii chekuita munyaya iyi?
Zvese zviri pachena nemalaptops - vashandi vanogona kungotora navo. Masisitimu mayuniti uye monitors zvakanyanya kunetsa kutakura, asi izvi zvichiri kuitwa.
Asi chii chekuita nemaseva, maprinta uye mafoni?
Kugadzirisa dambudziko rekuwana maseva muhofisi
Kana vashandi vaenda kumba, asi maseva anoramba ari muhofisi uye paine munhu anovatarisira, zvino chasara kugadzirisa nyaya yekuronga yakachengeteka kure kure kwevashandi kumaseva ekambani yako. Iri ibasa remaneja system.
Kana Microsoft Windows Server yakaiswa pamasevha ehofisi (sezvataive nazvo mumakore ekutanga ebasa), ipapo maneja paanenge agadzirisa nzira yekusvika kuburikidza neRDP protocol, vashandi vanozokwanisa kushanda neserver kubva kumba. Zvinogoneka kuti uchafanira kutenga mamwe marezinesi ekuwana terminal. Chero zvazvingava, vashandi vachada komputa inoshandisa Microsoft Windows kumba.
Masevha anoshanda neLinux OS anozowanikwa kubva kumba uye pasina kutenga chero marezinesi. Iye maneja wekambani yako anongoda kugadzirisa kupinda kuburikidza nemaprotocol akaita seSSH, POP3, IMAP uye SMTP.
Kana izvi zvisati zvatoitwa, saka kuchengetedza maseva kubva kune kusingabvumirwe kupinda, zvine musoro kuti maneja aise kanoisa firewall (firewall) pamaseva ehofisi, pamwe nekumisikidza kuwana kure kwevashandi vako vachishandisa VPN. Isu tinoshandisa OpenVPN software, inowanikwa kune chero chikuva uye inoshanda sisitimu.
Asi chii chaunofanira kuita kana hofisi yakavharwa zvachose nemaseva ese akavharwa? Pane nzira ina dzasara:
- Kana zvichibvira, shandura zvachose kune cloud technologies - shandisa cloud CRM system, chengetedza zvinyorwa zvakagoverwa paGoogle Docs, nezvimwewo;
- kutakura maseva kumba kwemutongi wehurongwa (iye achafara ...);
- takura maseva kune imwe nzvimbo yedata inobvuma kuvagamuchira;
- kukodha server simba munzvimbo yedata kana mugore
Sarudzo yekutanga yakanaka nekuti haudi kutamisa kana kuisa chero maseva. Mhedzisiro yekuchinja kune makore tekinoroji icharamba ichibatsira kwauri; ivo vanokubvumidza iwe kuchengetedza mari uye kushanda nesimba pakutsigira nekugadzirisa.
Yechipiri sarudzo inogadzira matambudziko kumba kune system administrator, sezvo sevha ichave yakatenderedza wachi uye ine ruzha. Ko kana kambani isina sevha imwe muhofisi yayo, asi rack yakazara?
Kuendesa maseva kunzvimbo yedata zvakare hakusi nyore. Sezvo mutemo, maseva chete akakodzera kuisirwa rack anogona kuiswa munzvimbo yedata. Panguva imwe cheteyo, mahofisi anowanzo shandisa Big Tower sevha kana kunyange makombiyuta enguva dzose. Zvichakuomera kuti uwane nzvimbo yedata inobvuma kubata michina yakadaro (kunyangwe nzvimbo dzakadai dziripo; semuenzaniso, takavagamuchira muPlanetaHost data center). Iwe unogona, hongu, kurenda iyo inodiwa nhamba yemaracks uye kukwira midziyo yako ipapo.
Rimwe dambudziko nekufambisa maseva kuenda kunzvimbo yedata nderekuti iwe ungango fanirwa kushandura IP kero yemaseva. Izvi, zvakare, zvingangoda kugadzirisazve sevha software kana kuita shanduko kune chero marezenisi esoftware kana akasungirirwa kukero dzeIP.
Sarudzo yekurenda sevha yakakura munzvimbo yedata iri nyore maererano nekusave nekutakura maseva chero kupi. Asi system yako maneja anozofanira kudzorera software yese uye kukopa data rinodiwa kubva kumaseva akaiswa muhofisi.
Kana matekinoroji ehofisi yako akavakirwa pakushandiswa kweMicrosoft Windows OS, unogona kuhaya sevha yeMicrosoft Windows ine nhamba inodiwa yemarezinesi ekupedzisira munzvimbo yedata. Tora rezinesi rimwe chete rakadaro kune wega wevashandi vako vari kushanda neseva kure.
Kurenda maseva emuviri kunogona kuve kwakachipa 2-3 nguva pane kuhaya chaiwo maseva mugore. Asi kana iwe uchida simba shoma shoma, uye kwete sevha yese, saka sarudzo yegore inogona kunge yakachipa.
Iko kuwedzera kwemutengo wezviwanikwa zvegore ndeye mhedzisiro yekuchengetedza zviwanikwa zvehardware mugore. Nekuda kweizvozvo, gore rinogona kushanda zvakavimbika kupfuura sevha yemuviri yakabhadharwa. Asi pano iwe unotofanira kuongorora njodzi uye kuverenga mari.
Kana iri kambani yedu, iyo inobata mukugadzira zvitoro zvepamhepo, zviwanikwa zvese zvinodiwa zvakagara zviri munzvimbo dze data uye zvinowanikwa kure. Aya ndeawo uye akarenda maseva emuviri anoshandiswa kugashira zvitoro, pamwe nemashini chaiwo evagadziri vesoftware, vanogadzira marongero uye vanoedza.
Kutamisa nzvimbo dzekushandira kubva kuhofisi kuenda kumba
Sezvatakambotaura, vashandi vanogona kungotora makomputa avo ebasa - malaptop kana masisitimu ehurongwa ane monitors. Kana zvichidikanwa, unogona kutenga malaptop matsva evashandi uye woita kuti aendeswe kumba kwako. Ehe, iwe uchafanirwa kuisa iyo inodiwa software pamakomputa matsva, izvo zvinozotungamira kune imwe nguva.
Kana vashandi vatova nemakomputa epamba anomhanyisa Microsoft Windows, vanogona kuashandisa seMicrosoft Windows Server terminals kana kuwana maseva anomhanya Linux. Izvo zvichave zvakakwana kugadzirisa VPN kuwana.
Vashandi vedu vanoshanda paWindows neLinux. Tine mashoma eMicrosoft Windows maseva, saka hapana chikonzero chekutenga marezinesi ekupedzisira eiyi OS. Kana iri yekuwana zviwanikwa zviri munzvimbo dzedata, yakarongwa uchishandisa VPN uye inowedzerwa nemagetsi akaiswa pane yega sevha.
Usakanganwa kupa vashandi vanoshanda kubva kumba nemahedhifoni (mahedhifoni ane maikorofoni) uye vhidhiyo kamera. Izvi zvinokutendera kuti utaure uri kure nekugona kukuru, senge muhofisi.
Vanhu vazhinji vanoedza kudzora zvinoitwa nevashandi kumba panguva yekushanda nekuisa mamonitor akasiyana siyana pamakomputa avo. Hatina kumboita izvi, isu taingotonga mhedzisiro yebasa. Sezvo mutemo, izvi zvakakwana zvakakwana.
Chii chekuita neprinta uye scanner
Vagadziri vewebhusaiti software havawanzoda maprinta nema scanner. Nekudaro, kana michina yakadaro ichidikanwa kune vashandi, dambudziko richamuka kana uchinjira kubasa riri kure.
Kazhinji, hofisi ine networked MFP yakaiswa, inokurumidza, yakakura uye inorema. Ehe, inogona kutumirwa kumba kwemushandi anoda kudhinda uye kuongorora kazhinji. Kana, chokwadi, mushandi uyu ane mukana wekuigamuchira.
Asi kana vazhinji vevashandi vako vachigara vachiongorora uye kudhinda magwaro, uchafanirwa kutenga MFP woiisa mumba mavo, kana kushandura mabhizinesi ekambani.
Seimwe nzira yekutakura nekutenga maMFP matsva, kune kukurumidza kushandura kune emagetsi dhizaini manejimendi pese pazvinogoneka.
Kushanda nemapepa uye zvinyorwa zvemagetsi
Zvakanakisa kana, usati wachinja kune kure kure, iwe ukakwanisa kuendesa ese egwaro kuyerera mumagetsi fomu. Semuenzaniso, isu tinoshandisa DIADOK kuchinjanisa magwaro eakaunzi, uye kubhadhara mabhiri kuburikidza nebhengi revatengi.
Paunenge uchiita sisitimu yakadai, zvichave zvakakodzera kupa vese vashandi vanobatanidzwa mumagetsi magwaro manejimendi (semuenzaniso, maakaunti) ane makiyi fobs ane yakagadziridzwa siginecha yemagetsi. Zvinogona kutora nguva kuti ugamuchire maketani akadaro, saka zviri nani kufunga nezvenyaya iyi pachine nguva.
MuDIADOK (sezviri mumasevhisi akafanana) unogona kuseta kutenderera nemamwe emagetsi magwaro manejimendi edhijitari. Izvi zvinozodikanwa kana vamwe vakashandisa magwaro ekutonga masisitimu asiri ako.
Kana iwe kana vamwe vako vaunoshanda navo vachishanda nemagwaro nenzira yechinyakare, uchafanirwa kutumira nekugamuchira tsamba dzenguva dzose nekushanyira hofisi yepositi kana kufonera vatakuri. Kana pakavharirwa, maoparesheni akadai anofanirwa kudzikiswa kusvika padiki.
Zvekuita nefoni
Mumakore ekutanga ekushanda, kambani yedu yakashandisa landline uye nharembozha. Zvisinei, takakurumidza kuona kuti nenhamba huru yevashandi nevatengi, taida imwe mhinduro yakakwana.
Iyo yakanyanya nyore sarudzo kwatiri yaive chaiyo PBX kubva kuMangoTelecom. Nerubatsiro rwayo, takabvisa kubatana kune nhamba dzenhare dzeguta (uye saka nzvimbo chaiyo yehofisi). Isu takawanawo mukana wekubatanidza iyo PBX neCRM yedu, kurekodha nhaurirano dzetsigiro dzevatengi nevatengi, kumisikidza kutumira mafoni, nezvimwe.
Tevere, unogona kuisa iyo chaiyo PBX application pane yako smartphone, laptop kana desktop komputa. Izvi zvinokutendera kuti ufonere nhamba dzeRussia kana kugamuchira mafoni pamitengo yepamba, kunyangwe kubva kunze kwenyika.
Nekudaro, iyo chaiyo PBX inokutendera iwe kuti uite mafambiro evashandi kubva kuhofisi kuenda kumba kunenge kusingaonekwe kubva pakuona kwekuenderera kwebhizinesi.
Kana ukashandisa hofisi PBX uye kuivhara pasi hazvidzivisiki paunofamba, funga kuchinja kune chaiyo PBX. Tarisa nemupi wenhare yako kuti uone kana zvichikwanisika kugonesa kutumira mafoni kubva kunhamba dzePBX dzepasi kusvika kunhamba dzePBX dzinouya. Muchiitiko ichi, kana iwe uchichinja kune chaiyo PBX, haungarasikirwe nefoni dzinouya.
Kana zviri zvekufona pakati pevashandi, kana uchishanda nePBX chaiyo, mafoni akadaro, sekutonga, haabhadharwi.
Kure kusarudzwa uye kudzidziswa kwevashandi
Kana tichizadza vashandi vedu, mumakore ekutanga ekushanda kwekambani yedu, taigara tichikoka vamiriri kuhofisi, tichiita mabvunzurudzo echinyakare uye tichipa mabasa. Tevere, takapa rovedzo yomunhu oga nokuda kwavatsva muhofisi.
Nekudaro, nekufamba kwenguva, takachinjira zvachose kuenda kunotora kure kure.
Sarudzo yekutanga inogona kuitwa uchishandisa bvunzo dzakanamirwa pachinzvimbo paHH webhusaiti kana chero imwe sevhisi yekunyorera. Zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti kana akagadzirwa nemazvo, bvunzo idzi dzinogona kusefa nhamba yakakosha yevavhoti vasingaite zvinodiwa.
Uye ipapo zvese zviri nyore - tinoshandisa Skype. Uchishandisa Skype uye uchigara uine vhidhiyo kamera yakabatidzwa, unogona kuitisa kubvunzurudza zvisiri zvishoma pane kana mumiriri akagara padivi pako patafura.
Kunyange paine zvimwe zvisingabatsiri, Skype zvakare ine yakakosha mabhenefiti pane akafanana masisitimu. Chekutanga pane zvese, kuburikidza neSkype unogona kuronga kuratidzwa kwekombuta yako, uye izvi zvakakosha pakudzidzisa nekukurukura nyaya dzebasa. Tevere, Skype ndeyemahara, inowanikwa pane ese makuru mapuratifomu, uye nyore kuisa pakombuta yako kana smartphone.
Kana iwe uchida kuronga musangano kana kudzidziswa kwevashandi vakati wandei, saka ingo gadzira boka pa Skype. Nekugovera desktop yavo, muratidziri kana mudzidzisi anogona kupa vatori vemusangano nezvese zvinodiwa. Muwindo rekutaura, unogona kuburitsa zvinongedzo, mameseji, mafaera ekuchinjana kana kuitisa nhaurirano.
Pamusoro pemakirasi paSkype, tinogadzirira mafirimu edzidzo (tichishandisa chirongwa cheCamtasia Studio, asi unogona kushandisa zvawajaira). Kana mafirimu aya ari ekushandiswa kwemukati chete, saka tinoaisa pamaseva edu, uye kana ari emunhu wese, ipapo paYouTube.
Kazhinji, musanganiswa uyu wemafirimu edzidzo, makirasi mumapoka eSkype ane nhaurirano uye zviratidzo zvedesktop, pamwe nekutaurirana kwega kwega pakati pemudzidzisi nevadzidzi kunotibvumira kuitisa kudzidziswa kure kure.
Hongu, kune masevhisi akagadzirirwa kuratidza desktop kuboka revashandisi, kuitisa webinars, uye kunyange mapuratifomu ekudzidziswa (kusanganisira emahara). Asi pane zvese izvi iwe unofanirwa kubhadhara pamwe nemari kana nguva yakashandiswa kudzidza kushanda nepuratifomu. Mapuratifomu emahara anogona kupedzisira abhadharwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, kugona kweSkype kuchave kwakakwana mune dzakawanda zviitiko.
Kudyidzana pamapurojekiti
Kana tichishanda pamwechete pamapurojekiti, tinobata misangano yemazuva ese uye yevhiki nevhiki, shandisa zvirongwa zviviri uye ongororo yekodhi. Mapoka eSkype akagadzirirwa misangano uye kuongororwa kwekodhi, uye zviratidzo zvedesktop zvinoshandiswa kana zvichidikanwa. Kana iri kodhi, inochengetwa muGitLab server yedu, iri munzvimbo yedata.
Isu tinoronga kushanda pamwe chete pamagwaro tichishandisa Google Docs.
Pamusoro pezvese izvi, isu tine yemukati yeKlondike ruzivo base, yakabatanidzwa neyekushandisa kugadzirisa uye zviwanikwa kuronga system (yedu CRM neERP). Isu takagadzira uye nekuvandudza maturusi aya, akabatwa pamaseva ari munzvimbo yedata, mumakore. Vanotibvumira kunyatsogadzirisa zvikumbiro zvakawanda kubva kune vatengi vedu, kugovera vatevedzeri, kuitisa nhaurirano nezvezvikumbiro, kurekodha maawa ekushanda uye kuita zvimwe zvakawanda.
Zvingangodaro, kambani yako yatoshandisa chimwe chinhu chakafanana, uye kana uchienda kubasa kure kune vashandi, zvichave zvakakwana kupa kure kure kune zviwanikwa zvakakodzera.
Remote mushandisi rutsigiro
Vashandisi vedu varidzi uye mamaneja ezvitoro zvepamhepo zvinoshanda munharaunda dzese dzeRussia. Chokwadi, tinovapa rutsigiro kure.
Chikwata chedu chetsigiro chinoshanda kuburikidza netiketi system, inopindura mibvunzo neemail nerunhare, uye inokurukura kuburikidza newebhusaiti yekutonga yechitoro chepamhepo uye webhusaiti yekambani yedu.
Padanho rekukurukura mabasa, isu tinoshandisa chero pakarepo nhume inowanikwa kune mutengi, semuenzaniso, Teregiramu, WhatsApp, Skype.
Dzimwe nguva panoda kuona zviri kuitwa nemutengi pakombuta yake. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa kuburikidza neSkype mune desktop demo mode.
Kana zvichidikanwa, unogona kushanda uri kure pakombuta yemushandisi uchishandisa maturusi akadai seTeamViewer, Ammee Admin, AnyDesk, nezvimwe. Kuti ashandise maturusi aya, mutengi anofanira kuisa software yakakodzera pakombuta yake.
Kugadzira VPN kuwana
Tine OpenVPN maseva akaiswa pamakina chaiwo ari munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzedata (uchishandisa Debian 10 OS). Iyo OpenVPN mutengi yakaiswa pamakomputa ebasa evashandi vedu muDebian, Ubuntu, MacOS uye Microsoft Windows.
PaInternet unogona kuwana mirairo yakawanda yekuisa iyo OpenVPN server uye mutengi. Unogonawo kushandisa yangu .
Zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti manyorero maitiro ekugadzira makiyi evashandi anonetesa. Kuona kuti kubatanidza mushandisi mutsva hakutore masekondi anopfuura gumi, isu tinoshandisa script yakafanana neiri pazasi pasi pemuparadzi.
Script yekugadzira makiyi
#!/bin/bash
if [ -z "$1" ]
then
echo "============================================================="
echo "VPN -- Generate crt key pair"
echo "============================================================="
echo "Usage: bash gen.sh username"
exit
fi
echo "============================================================="
echo "VPN -- Generate crt key pair for user: $1"
echo "============================================================="
ADMIN_EMAIL="[email protected]"
USER=$1
RSA="/home/ca/easy-rsa-master/easyrsa3/"
PKI="$RSA"pki/
PKI_KEY="$PKI"private/
PKI_CRT="$PKI"issued/
USR_CRT="/home/ca/cert_generation/user_crt/"
USR_DISTR="/home/ca/cert_generation/user_distr/"
# If user key does not exists, create it
if [ ! -f "$PKI_KEY$USER.key" ]
then
echo "File $PKI_KEY$USER.key does not exists, creating..."
cd "$RSA"
./easyrsa build-client-full $USER nopass
fi
# Removing user folder, if exists
if [ -e "$USR_CRT$USER/" ]
then
echo "Already exists, removing user folder $USR_CRT$USER..."
rm -r -f "$USR_CRT$USER/"
fi
# Create user folder for key and other files
mkdir $USR_CRT/$USER/
# Copy OpenVPN key, cert and config files to user folder
cp "$PKI_KEY$USER.key" "$USR_CRT$USER/$USER.key"
cp "$PKI_CRT$USER.crt" "$USR_CRT$USER/$USER.crt"
cp "$PKI"ca.crt "$USR_CRT$1"
cp "$USR_DISTR"ta.key "$USR_CRT$USER"
cp "$USR_DISTR"openssl.cnf "$USR_CRT$USER"
# Copy Manual files
cp "$USR_DISTR"readme_vpn_win.txt "$USR_CRT$USER"
# Replace string "change_me" in configuration files whis user name $USER
cp "$USR_DISTR"server.conf "$USR_CRT$USER"/server.conf.1
cp "$USR_DISTR"mycompany_vpn.ovpn "$USR_CRT$USER"/mycompany_vpn_$USER.ovpn.1
cp "$USR_DISTR"readme_vpn_win.txt "$USR_CRT$USER"/readme_vpn_win.txt.1
sed "s/change_me/$USER/g" "$USR_CRT$1"/server.conf.1 > "$USR_CRT$1"/server.conf
rm "$USR_CRT$USER"/server.conf.1
sed "s/change_me/$USER/g" "$USR_CRT$1"/mycompany_vpn_$USER.ovpn.1 > "$USR_CRT$1"/mycompany_vpn_$USER.ovpn
rm "$USR_CRT$USER"/mycompany_vpn_$USER.ovpn.1
sed "s/change_me/$USER/g" "$USR_CRT$1"/readme_vpn_win.txt.1 > "$USR_CRT$1"/readme_vpn_win.txt
rm "$USR_CRT$USER"/readme_vpn_win.txt.1
# Create tar.gz and send it to administrator e-mail
tar -cvzf "$USR_CRT$USER/$USER.tar.gz" "$USR_CRT$USER/"
echo "VPN: crt, key and configuration files for user $USER" | mutt $ADMIN_EMAIL -a $USR_CRT/$USER/$USER.tar.gz -s "VPN: crt, key and configuration files for user $USER"
echo "---------> DONE!"
echo "Keys fo user $USER sent to $ADMIN_EMAIL"
Kana yakatangwa, chinyorwa ichi chinopfuudzwa mushandisi ID (uchishandisa mavara echiLatin) separameter.
Iyo script inokumbira Sitifiketi Chiremera password, iyo inogadzirwa paunenge uchiisa iyo OpenVPN server. Tevere, iyi script inogadzira dhairekitori ine zvese zvinodiwa zvitupa uye mafaera ekugadzirisa eOpenVPN vatengi, pamwe negwaro faira rekuisa iyo OpenVPN mutengi.
Paunenge uchigadzira zvigadziriso uye zvinyorwa mafaera, change_me inotsiviwa neiyo ID yemushandisi.
Tevere, iyo dhairekitori ine ese anodiwa mafaera inoiswa uye inotumirwa kune maneja (iyo kero inoratidzwa zvakananga mune script). Chasara kuendesa dura rekuchengetera kune mushandisi kune yake email kero.
Tinovimba kuti uchakwanisa kushandisa nguva yekumanikidzwa kuvharirwa kumba zvine mutsindo. Sezvo wagona hunyanzvi hwekushanda pasina hofisi, unogona kuramba uchishingairira kushandisa basa revashandi vari kure.
Rombo rakanaka nekufamba kwako uye nebasa rine zvibereko kubva kumba!
Source: www.habr.com