В kutanga chikamu Ndakataura muchidimbu nezvegungano racho pacharo, iro rinokutendera kuti ugadzire komputa yaunokwanisa kumhanya unRAID kugadzira NAS uye MikroTik RouterOS mumuchina weKVM chaiwo sechinotsiva chenguva dzose router.

Maonero acho akazova nhaurirano dzinobatsira, zvichibva pamibairo yazvo zvakafanira kugadzirisa zvikanganiso mugungano rekutanga uye kunyora chikamu chechitatu! Ini ndichaedza mamwe emazano pachangu uye, ndinovimba, nyora chikamu chechitatu.

Nekutanga kuisirwa, iwe uchafanirwa kubatanidza chekutarisa, keyboard uye mbeva kune server.

Kuisa unRAID

Handei ku website uye isa unRAID pane USB flash drive (iyo yandakakanganwa kuwedzera patafura). Kurudziro yemadhiraivha edhiraivha ndeyakajairika: yakajairika brand uye yakakura saizi yemuviri (yekutonhora zvirinani). Iyi flash drive ichabhuya unRAID, saka maSSD ako anozovharirwa zvizere. Mamwe ruzivo rwakadzama rwepamutemo pano.

Usakanganwa kugonesa VT-d uye VT-x rutsigiro muBIOS yako!

Isu tinobatanidza iyo flash drive kune server uye toitanga iyo muGUI mode.

Yakajairika username uye password: mudzi usina password.

Shanduro panguva yekunyora: 6.7.2

Mushure mekutanga OS, ita shuwa kuti zvese zvakabatana hardware zvakaonekwa. Iyo sisitimu inofanirwa kuona madhisiki ako ese (madhisiki anoratidzwa paMain tab), maviri Ethernet controller uye Wi-Fi kadhi (uye izvi zviri nyore kutarisa muZvishandiso -> System Devices).

Dambudziko neMarvell SATA controller

Nekuda kweimwe bug muMarvell controller driver, ivo usashande mushure mekugonesa VT-d muunRAID vhezheni 6.7.x.

Ndakasarudza mhinduro iri nyore: yakawedzera iommu=pt kune iyo parameter tambo yakapfuudzwa kuLinux kernel kana ichibhutsu. Izvi zvinoitwa paMain tab (wobva wadzvanya pane "Flash" mudziyo). Zvakare, unogona kutanga kushandura config pane flash drive: boot/syslinux/syslinux.cfg

Nezve Intel vPro

Ini handikurudzire kutsvaga Hardware inotsigira vPro/AMT.

Chekutanga, kune yakajairika kushanda kwedesktop iri kure, unofanirwa kubatanidza HDMI-dummy kana DP-dummy plug, zvikasadaro iyo yakavakirwa-mukati vhidhiyo kadhi haizotangwa pasina yakabatana yekutarisa.

Kechipiri, mhando yevatengi software kubva kuIntel yakaderera zvakanyanya.

Chechitatu, iwe uchawana basa rakafanana rekushandisa pamba newireless kana wired HDMI/DP extender uye haizoganhurirwe munzira ipi neipi mukusarudza kwehardware.

Network setup

Enda kune Zvirongwa -> Network Settings. Sezvaungave wakafungidzira, imwe yenzvimbo dzekupindirana inotarisa mukati menzvimbo network, yechipiri - muInternet. Kutanga, sarudza pane iyo ichave yakabatana kune yako yemuno network. Pabhodhi rangu raamai pane zvimiti zvine kero yeMAC pane zvinobatanidza, ndomafungire andakaita kuti ndiani.

Muchidimbu, chaunofanirwa kuita kugovera imwe neimwe interface senhengo yemabhiriji maviri akaparadzana eL2 uye kuseta static IP kero pane yakabatana netiweki yenzvimbo. Pane iyo interface yakatarisa paInternet, IP kero haidiwe; RouterOS inoibata.

Izvi ndizvo zvaunofanira kuwana:

192.168.1.2 - kero apo unRAID ichave iripo
192.168.0.1 - RouterOS kero
192.168.1.3 - pi.hole DNS server kero

Iwe unogona kusiya kero yekugovera eth0 kuburikidza neDHCP, asi zvino kana paine chero matambudziko muRouterOS, isu hatizokwanisi kuwana unRAID uye isu tichada kubatanidza monitor uye keyboard kune server.

Mushure mekumisa network, unogona kushandura kune kure kuseta nemaoko kuseta IP kero pane LAN mutengi.

Storage setup

Kuti umhanye muchina chaiwo, unozoda kuchengetedza, saka yave nguva yekuigadzirisa. Ini handisi kuzozvitsanangura zvakadzama, nekuti zviri nyore: unofanirwa kugovera mabasa kune hard drive - imwe Disk 1, imwe Parity.

Muchikamu chekutanga, ndakanyora kuti imwe SSD yakakwana, asi chokwadi ichi hachisi chokwadi: zviri nani kutora maviri akafanana uye kugadzira cache-dziva kubva kwavari, saka data pavari ichadzivirirwa kana munhu akatadza. . Zvakare, unRAID haina mashandiro ekutsigira data kubva kune cache. Zvose zvinotsanangurwa zvakadzama pano.

Inofanira kutaridzika seizvi (ndine hurombo, ini handisati ndatenga yechipiri SSD):

Zvakare, iwe unogona pakarepo kuseta hurongwa hwekutarisa parity uye kuendesa data kubva kune cache. Izvi zvinoitwa paZvirongwa -> Scheduler peji.

Zvakakwana kutarisa parity kamwe chete mwedzi miviri, uye kutamisa data kubva kucache husiku hwese.

Iwe unogona pakarepo kugadzirisa zviwanikwa zviripo pamusoro petiweki mune iyo Shares tab:

Nekuda kwekuti ini ndine diski imwe chete ye cache, domains haina kudzivirirwa. Zvose zvinofanira kuva zvakasvibirira.

Kuisa RouterOS

Kutanga iwe unofanirwa kudhawunirodha yekuisa ISO mufananidzo kubva pano (sarudza x86 Yakagadzikana CD Mufananidzo) uye isa mukati Towerisos.

Iye zvino yave nguva yekugadzira muchina chaiwo.

Gonesa rutsigiro muZvirongwa -> VM Maneja. Mushure meizvi, tebhu nyowani ichaonekwa - VMs, enda kwairi.

Dzvanya Wedzera VM, ipapo Linux.

Sarudza chinhu chimwe chete
Zvakakwana kugovera 128 kana 256 megabytes yekuyeuka
Machine - i440fx-3.1
BIOS - SeaBIOS
MuOS Isa ISO chinhu, sarudza mufananidzo wakatorwa (/mnt/user/isos/mikrotik-6.46.iso)
Yekutanga vDisk Size - 256M
Primary vDisk Bhazi - SATA
Network Bridge - br0
Wedzera yechipiri network interface uye sarudza br1
Kana kadhi yako yeWi-Fi isina kuratidzwa mune Mamwe maPCI Zvishandiso, zvakanaka - tichainyora nemaoko mugadziriro; kana ikaratidzwa, tarisa bhokisi.
Parizvino, uncheck Tanga VM mushure mekusikwa uye tinya Gadzira

Rangarira kuti ndeapi kero yeMAC ichagashira iyo inopindirana, kuitira kuti ifanane navo mune ramangwana muRouterOS.

Nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero, iyo otomatiki kugoverwa kwezviteshi zveVM dzakasiyana haina kugara ichindiitira zvakajairwa, saka vhura inoguma XML config uye gadzirisa mutsetse neVNC marongero kune chimwe chinhu chakadai:

<graphics type='vnc' port='5900' autoport='no' websocket='5700' listen='0.0.0.0' keymap='en-us'>
 <listen type='address' address='0.0.0.0'/>
</graphics>

Kana iwe, seni, wanga usina adapta yeWi-Fi mune Mamwe maPCI Zvishandiso, isa nemaoko. Kuti uite izvi, unofanirwa kutsvaga kero yayo paPCI bhazi. Nzira iri nyore yekuita izvi iri muZvishandiso -> System Devices, pachave nemutsara ipapo:

IOMMU group 23: [168c:003c] 0b:00.0 Network controller: Qualcomm Atheros QCA986x/988x 802.11ac Wireless Network Adapter

Muchiitiko changu chinoshanduka kuva:

(ndine hurombo, nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero Habr's MD parser iri buggy mune ichi chinyorwa, ndaifanira kuisa mufananidzo)

Iwe unogona kuvhura VM uye ubatanidze kwairi kuburikidza neVNC. Kuisa RouterOS iri nyore kwazvo! Mushure mekukumbirwa kusarudza mapakeji, nzira iri nyore ndeyekusarudza zvese nekiyi a uye kupedza kuisa nekiyi i, kuramba kuchengetedza chigadziro chekare uye kubvumirana nekugadzirisa disk.

Mushure mekutangazve, pinda admin sekupinda, uye password haina chinhu.

Dial /interface print uye ita shuwa kuti iyo sisitimu inoona ese matatu etiweki yako interfaces (ini ndakatora skrini kubva kune yakatomisikidzwa sisitimu, apo mazita anosiyana kubva kune akasarudzika):

Panguva ino unogona kudhawunirodha winbox, batanidza kuRouterOS uchishandisa kero yeMAC uye ita imwe gadziriso kuburikidza neGUI.

Ini ndinofunga kuti kurongeka kwakadzama kweRouterOS kuri kupfuura chiyero chechinyorwa ichi, kunyanya sezvo paine akawanda ezvinyorwa paInternet, saka ini ndinokupa zano kuti utange waita yakajairwa Kurumidza Setup:

Iwe unogona kubatanidza tambo yeInternet kuchiteshi chemahara uye chinja mutengi weLAN kuti uwane otomatiki kero yeIP, uye zvakare tarisa kushanda kweWi-Fi. Mushure mekuita shuwa kuti zvese zvinoshanda, unogona kutenga nekuisa RouterOS rezinesi kiyi.

Kuwedzera Linux VM

Kuti tishande munzvimbo yakajairika, ngatigadzire mumwe muchina chaiwo watichavhura waunofarira %distro_name%

Zvichiri dhawunirodha iyo ISO mufananidzo woiisa mukati isos

Enda kune yakatojairika VMs tebhu, wobva wawedzera VM, iyo yakawanda yezvigadziriso zvino inogona kusiiwa seyakagadzika.

BIOS - SeaBIOS
MuOS Isa ISO chinhu, sarudza mufananidzo wakatorwa
Yekutanga vDisk Size - chimwe chinhu chakatenderedza 10-20 GB
Unraid Govera - nzira inoenda kudhairekitori yaunoda kuita kuti iwanikwe kuVM, mune yangu /mnt/user/shared/
Unraid Mount tag shared
Network Bridge - br0
Parizvino, uncheck Tanga VM mushure mekusikwa uye tinya Gadzira

Isu tichiri kugadzirisa iyo VNC server marongero mune iyo config:

<graphics type='vnc' port='5901' autoport='no' websocket='5701' listen='0.0.0.0' keymap='en-us'>
 <listen type='address' address='0.0.0.0'/>
</graphics>

Isa iyo sisitimu, inofanirwa kugamuchira IP kuburikidza neDHCP uye kuwana iyo Internet.

Kuita kuti dhairekitori reFS riwanikwe pane mubati, wedzera kune /etc/fstab mutsara unotevera:

shared  /mnt/shared     9p      trans=virtio,version=9p2000.L 0 0

Iye zvino unogona kushandisa masevhisi akajairwa pamushini weLinux wakajairika, unove unotakurika kune dzimwe Hardware!

Kana zvese zvichishanda zvakanaka uye nekubatidza nekudzima nemazvo, ipapo unogona kutenga nekuisa kiyi yeunRAID. Usakanganwa kuti yakasungirirwa kuGUID yeflash drive (kunyangwe ichigona kutamiswa). Zvakare, pasina rezinesi, otomatiki VM kutanga hakushande.

Finale

Ndinokutendai nekuverenga kusvika kumagumo!

Ndakaedza kusanyora zvakawanda, asi zvakaramba zvichitora nguva refu mumaonero angu. Izvo zvakasara zveunRAID zviri nyore kugadzirisa mumaonero angu, kunyanya sezvo zvese zvakagadziriswa negonzo.

Pane mamwe mazano akanaka pane chinogona kuiswa paVM pano. Ndinofunga kuti munhu wose ane zvaanoda uye hazvibviri kuunza runyoro rwepasi rose. Kunyangwe, pi.hole, hongu, inogona kukurudzirwa kumunhu wese zvachose :)

Ndinovimba ndine zvakakwana kuti ndienderere mberi!

Source: www.habr.com

Kumisikidza imba router + NAS pane unRAID (chikamu 2)