Nguva yemaseva eARM iri kuuya here?

SynQuacer E-Series motherboard ye 24-core ARM server pane ARM Cortex A53 processor ine 32 GB RAM, Zvita 2018

Kwemakore akawanda, ARM yakaderedzwa kuraira set (RISC) processors yakatonga nharembozha musika. Asi havana kumbokwanisa kupaza munzvimbo dzedata, uko Intel ne AMD zvichiri kutonga neiyo x86 yekuraira set. Nguva nenguva, mhinduro dzemunhu dzekunze dzinoonekwa, senge 24-core ARM server paBanana Pi papuratifomu, asi hapana zvakakomba mazano parizvino. Kunyanya, yakanga isati yasvika vhiki ino.

AWS yakatanga yayo 64-core ARM processors mugore svondo rino graviton2 isystem-on-chip ine ARM Neoverse N1 musimboti. Iyo kambani inoti Graviton2 inokurumidza kupfuura chizvarwa chekare cheArM processors muEC2 A1 zviitiko, uye hezvino izvo. yekutanga yakazvimirira miedzo.

Bhizinesi rezvivakwa ndere kuenzanisa nhamba. Muchokwadi, vatengi venzvimbo yedata kana sevhisi yegore havana hanya kuti ma processor ane zvipi. Ivo vane hanya nemutengo / chiyero chekuita. Kana kumhanya paARM kwakachipa pane kumhanya pa x86, ivo vanozosarudzwa.

Kusvika nguva pfupi yadarika, zvaisaita kutaura zvisina tsarukano kuti komputa paARM yaizobatsira kupfuura pa x86. Semuenzaniso, sevha 24-core ARM Cortex A53 imhando SocioInotevera SC2A11 inodhura madhora zana, iyo inogona kumhanya sevha yewebhu paUbuntu, asi yaive yakaderera mukuita kune x1000 processor.

Nekudaro, kushamisa kwesimba kwesimba kweArM processors kunoita kuti tivatarise zvakare uye zvakare. Semuenzaniso, iyo SocioNext SC2A11 inoshandisa chete 5 W. Asi magetsi anoverengera angangoita makumi maviri muzana emitengo yedhata. Kana aya machipisi achiratidza kuita kwakanaka, saka x20 haizove nemukana.

Kuuya Kwekutanga kweARM: EC2 A1 Zvimiro

Pakupera kwa2018, AWS yakaunzwa EC2 A1 zviitiko pane edu ega ARM processors. Ichi chaive chiratidzo kune indasitiri nezve shanduko inogona kuitika mumusika, asi mabhenji mhedzisiro aiodza moyo.

Tafura iri pazasi inoratidza mhedzisiro yekuongorora kushushikana EC2 A1 (ARM) uye EC2 M5d.metal (x86) zviitiko. Chishandiso chacho chaishandiswa pakuongorora stress-ng:

stress-ng --metrics-brief --cache 16 --icache 16 --matrix 16 --cpu 16 --memcpy 16 --qsort 16 --dentry 16 --timer 16 -t 1m

Sezvauri kuona, A1 yakawedzera zvakanyanya mune ese bvunzo kunze kwecache. Mune zvimwe zvakawanda zviratidzo, ARM yaive yakaderera zvakanyanya. Uyu mutsauko wekuita wakakura pane iyo 46% mutengo musiyano pakati peA1 neM5. Mune mamwe mazwi, zviitiko pa x86 processors zvichiri nani mutengo / kuita reshiyo:

bvunzo
EC2 A1
EC2 M5d.metal
Musiyano wacho

cache
1280
311
311,58%

icache
18209
34368
-47,02%

matrix
77932
252190
-69,10%

CPU
9336
24077
-61,22%

memcpy
21085
111877
-81,15%

qsort
522
728
-28,30%

dentry
1389634
2770985
-49.85%

timer
4970125
15367075
-67,66%

Ehe, mamicrobenchmark haawanzo ratidza mufananidzo une chinangwa. Chinokosha mutsauko mukuita kwekushandisa chaiko. Asi pano mufananidzo wacho wakazova usiri nani. Vashandi vekuScylla vakaenzanisa a1.metal uye m5.4xlarge zviitiko nenhamba yakafanana yemapurosesa. Mune yakajairwa NoSQL dhatabhesi yekuverenga bvunzo mune imwechete inodhi configuration, yekutanga yakaratidza 102 kuverenga mashandiro pasekondi, uye yechipiri 000 610. Muzviitiko zvese izvi, ese aripo processors anoshandiswa pa000%. Izvi zvakaenzana nekuderedzwa kwakapetwa katanhatu mukuita, izvo zvisingagadziriswi nemutengo wakaderera.

Pamusoro pezvo, maA1 kesi anongomhanya paEBS pasina rutsigiro rwekukurumidza NVMe zvishandiso semamwe mamiriro.

Pakazere, iyo A1 yaive nhanho munzira nyowani, asi haina kuita maererano nezvaitarisirwa neARM.

Kuuya Kwechipiri kweARM: EC2 M6 Zviitiko

Izvo zvese zvakachinja svondo rino apo AWS yakaunza kirasi nyowani yemaseva eARM, pamwe nenhamba yezviitiko pama processors matsva. graviton2, kusanganisira M6g uye M6gd.

Kuenzanisa zviitiko izvi kunoratidza mufananidzo wakasiyana zvachose. Mune mimwe miedzo, ARM inoita zvirinani, uye dzimwe nguva zvirinani, pane x86.

Heino mibairo yekumhanyisa yakafanana yekuyedza kushushikana kuraira:

bvunzo
EC2 M6g
EC2 M5d.metal
Musiyano wacho

cache
218
311
-29,90%

icache
45887
34368
33,52%

matrix
453982
252190
80,02%

CPU
14694
24077
-38,97%

memcpy
134711
111877
20,53%

qsort
943
728
29,53%

dentry
3088242
2770985
11,45%

timer
55515663
15367075
261,26%

Iyi inyaya yakasiyana zvachose: iyo M6g inomhanya zvakapetwa kashanu pane iyo A1 paunenge uchiita maverengero ekuverenga kubva kuScylla NoSQL dhatabhesi, uye iyo mitsva yeM6gd miitiro inomhanya nekukurumidza NVMe madhiraivha.

ARM inogumbura kumativi ese

Iyo AWS Graviton2 processor ingori imwe muenzaniso weArM iri kushandiswa munzvimbo dzedata. Asi zviratidzo zvinobva kumativi akasiyana. Semuenzaniso, munaNovember 15, 2019, iyo yekuAmerica yekutanga Nuvia yakakwezva madhora 53 miriyoni mumari yekushambadzira.

Iyo yekutanga yakavambwa nevatatu vaitungamira mainjiniya vaive nechekuita mukugadzira processors paApple neGoogle. Vanovimbisa kuvandudza ma processors enzvimbo dzedata anozokwikwidza neIntel ne AMD.

By ruzivo rwuripoNuvia yakagadzira processor core kubva pasi kumusoro iyo inogona kuvakwa pamusoro peiyo ARM yekuvaka, asi pasina kuwana rezinesi reARM.

Zvese izvi zvinoratidza kuti ma ARM processors akagadzirira kukunda server server. Mushure mezvose, isu tinorarama munguva yepashure-PC. Zvepagore x86 zvekutakura zvakadonha zvingangoita gumi kubva muzana kubva 10 peak, nepo RISC machipisi akakwira kusvika pamabhiriyoni makumi maviri. Nhasi, 2011% yepasi rose 20- uye 99-bit processors iRISC.

Vahwina Mubairo weTuring John Hennessy naDavid Patterson vakaburitsa chinyorwa muna Kukadzi 2019 "A New Golden Age yeComputer Architecture". Hezvino zvavanonyora:

Musika wakagadzirisa gakava reRISC-CISC. Kunyangwe CISC yakahwina nhanho dzekupedzisira dzePC nguva, asi RISC iri kuhwina ikozvino iyo post-PC nguva yasvika. Hapana matsva eCISC ISA akagadzirwa kwemakumi emakore. Zvinotishamisa, kubvumirana pamusoro pezvakanakisa ISA misimboti yezvakawanda-chinangwa processors nhasi ichiri kutsamira mukufarira RISC, makore makumi matatu nemashanu mushure mekugadzirwa kwayo ... Munzvimbo dzakavhurika dzezvipenyu, machipisi akanyatsogadzirwa acharatidza kufambira mberi kunomanikidza uye nekudaro kukurumidza kugamuchirwa kwekutengeserana. . Iyo yakajairika chinangwa processor uzivi mune aya machipi ingangove iri RISC, iyo yakamira bvunzo yenguva. Tarisira kukurumidza kukurumidza kutsva sepanguva yekupedzisira yegoridhe, asi panguva ino maererano nemutengo, simba uye kuchengeteka, kwete kungoita chete.

"Makore gumi anotevera achaona kuputika kweCambrian yezvivakwa zvitsva zvemakomputa, zvichiratidza nguva dzinonakidza dzevagadziri vekombuta muzvidzidzo neindasitiri," vanopedzisa bepa.

Source: www.habr.com