Munguva pfupi yapfuura, hunyanzvi muindasitiri yemotokari hwakatenderera nekuwedzera simba reinjini, ndokuzowedzera kushanda zvakanaka, panguva imwe cheteyo kuvandudza aerodynamics, kuwedzera kunyaradza mazinga uye kugadzirisa zvakare kutaridzika kwemotokari. Ikozvino, iwo madhiraivha makuru ekufambisa kweindasitiri yemotokari mune ramangwana ndeye hyperconnectivity uye otomatiki. Kana zvasvika kumota yeramangwana, mota dzisina mutyairi dzinotanga kuuya mupfungwa, asi remangwana reindasitiri yemotokari rinoratidzwa nezvakawanda kupfuura tekinoroji isingatyairi.
Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvinotyaira shanduko yemotokari kubatana kwavo - mune mamwe mazwi, kubatana kwavo, kunovhura nzira yekuvandudza kure, kufembera kuchengetedza, kuchengetedzwa kwekutyaira uye kuchengetedzwa kwedata kubva kutyisidzira kwecyber. Iyo yekona yekubatanidza, zvakare, kuunganidza uye kuchengetedza data.
Ehe, kuwedzera kwekubatana kwemota kwaita kuti kutyaira kunakidze, asi pamwoyo peiyi kuunganidzwa, kugadzirisa uye kugadzirwa kwehuwandu hukuru hwe data nemota yakabatana. Maererano nezvakaziviswa gore rakapera , mumakore gumi anotevera, motokari dzinozvifambisa dzichadzidza kugadzira ruzivo rwakawanda zvokuti kuchengeta kunoda anopfuura 2 terabytes, ndiko kuti, nzvimbo yakawanda kupfuura ikozvino. Uye iyi haisi iyo muganhu - nekumwe kuvandudza tekinoroji, iyo nhamba ichakura chete. Zvichienderana neizvi, vagadziri vemidziyo vanofanirwa kuzvibvunza kuti, munzvimbo ino, vanogona sei kunyatsopindura kune zvinodikanwa zvine chekuita nekuwedzera kwakakosha kwevhoriyamu yedata.
Ko mavakirwo emotokari dzinozvityaira achakura sei?
Kumwe kuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwakadai sekutyaira wega data data manejimendi, kuona chinhu, kufamba kwemepu, uye kuita sarudzo kunovimba zvakanyanya nekufambira mberi mukudzidza kwemichina uye mhando dzehungwaru dzekugadzira. Dambudziko revagadziri veautomaker rakajeka: iwo emhando yepamusoro ekudzidza emuchina anova, zviri nani ruzivo rwekutyaira kune vashandisi.
Panguva imwecheteyo, shanduko mumagadzirirwo emotokari dzisina munhu dziri kuitika pasi pebhanhire rekugadzirisa. Vagadziri vari kuwedzera kushomeka kwekusarudza kune yakakura network ye microcontrollers yakaiswa kune zvinodiwa zvega yega application, vachisarudza panzvimbo yekuisa imwe hombe processor ine yakakomba simba rekombuta. Iri shanduko kubva kune akawanda emota mamicrocontrollers (MCUs) kuenda kune imwe yepakati MCU iyo ingangove yakanyanya kukosha shanduko mukuvaka kwemota dzinouya.
Kuendesa iyo data kuchengetedza basa kubva kumota kuenda kune gore
Dhata kubva kumotokari dzinozvityaira dzinogona kuchengetwa kana zvakananga pabhodhi, kana kukurumidza kugadzirisa kuchidikanwa, kana mugore, iro rinonyanya kukodzera kuongororwa kwakadzama. Kufambiswa kwedata kunoenderana nebasa rayo: pane data inodiwa nemutyairi nekukurumidza, semuenzaniso, ruzivo kubva kune inofambisa sensors kana data yenzvimbo kubva kuGPS system, nekuwedzera, zvichibva pane izvi, mugadziri wemotokari anogona kutora mhedzisiro yakakosha uye, zvichibva. pavari, ramba uchishanda pakuvandudza ADAS mutyairi rubatsiro system.
Munzvimbo yeWi-Fi yekuvhara, kutumira data kune gore kunoruramiswa mune zvehupfumi uye nehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi, asi kana mota ichifamba, sarudzo chete iripo inogona kunge iri 4G yekubatanidza (uye pakupedzisira 5G). Uye kana iyo tekinoroji yedanho rekufambiswa kwedata pamusoro penharembozha isingamutsi nyaya dzakakomba, mutengo wayo unogona kunge wakakwira zvakanyanya. Ndicho chikonzero nei motokari dzakawanda dzinozvifambisa dzichafanira kusiiwa kwenguva yakati pedyo neimba kana imwe nzvimbo iyo inogona kubatanidzwa neWi-Fi. Iyi isarudzo yakachipa yekuisa data kune gore kuti uongorore uye uchengete.
Basa re5G mune ramangwana remota dzakabatana
Manetiweki e4G aripo acharamba ari nzira huru yekukurukurirana yezvishandiso zvakawanda, zvisinei, tekinoroji ye5G inogona kuita chinhu chikuru chekusimudzira kufambiswa kwemotokari dzakabatana uye dzinozvimiririra, ichivapa kugona kutaurirana kanenge pakarepo kune mumwe nemumwe, nezvivakwa uye zvivakwa. (V2V, V2I, V2X ).
Mota dzinozvimiririra hadzigone kushanda pasina network yekubatanidza, uye 5G ndiyo kiyi yekukurumidza kubatanidza uye kuderedzwa latency kuitira kubatsira kwevatyairi venguva yemberi. Kumhanyisa kumhanya kwekubatanidza kunoderedza nguva inotora kuti mota iunganidze data, ichibvumira mota kuti iite kamwechete nekukasira kuchinja kwetraffic kana mamiriro ekunze. Kusvika kwe5G kucharatidzawo kufambira mberi mukuvandudzwa kwemasevhisi edhijitari kumutyairi nevatyairi, vanozonakidzwa nerwendo rwunotonakidza, uye, nekudaro, vachawedzera purofiti inogoneka kune vanopa masevhisi aya.
Chengetedzo yedata: kiyi iri mumaoko ani?
Zviripachena kuti mota dzinozvimiririra dzinofanirwa kuchengetedzwa neazvino cybersecurity matanho. Sezvakataurwa mune imwe , 84% yeinjiniya yemotokari uye vakapindura IT vakaratidza kushushikana kuti vagadziri vemotokari vari kusarira kumashure mukupindura kunoramba kuchiwedzera kutyisidzira kwecyber.
Kuti ive nechokwadi chekuvanzika kwemutengi uye data ravo remunhu, zvese zvikamu zvemota dzakabatana - kubva kune Hardware uye software mukati memotokari pachayo kusvika kune yekubatanidza kune network uye gore - inofanirwa kuvimbisa iyo yepamusoro nhanho yekuchengetedza. Pazasi pane mamwe matanho ekubatsira automaker kuona kuchengetedzwa uye kutendeseka kweiyo data inoshandiswa nemotokari dzinozvityaira.
- Kudzivirirwa kweCryptographic kunomisa kupinda kune yakavharidzirwa data kune imwe denderedzwa revanhu vanoziva "kiyi" inoshanda.
- Kupedzisira-kusvika-kumagumo kuchengetedzeka kunosanganisira kuita seti yematanho ekuona kuedza kwekubira pane yega yega yekupinda mutsetse wekutumira data - kubva kumamicrosensors kuenda ku5G kutaurirana mast.
- Kuvimbika kweiyo data yakaunganidzwa chinhu chakakosha uye zvinoreva kuti ruzivo rwakagamuchirwa kubva kumotokari rwunochengetwa rusina kuchinjika kusvikira rwagadziriswa uye rwashandurwa kuva data ine revo yekubuda. Kana iyo data yakashandurwa rikashatiswa, izvi zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kuwana iyo mbishi data uye kuigadzirisa zvakare.
Kukosha kwechirongwa B
Kuita mabasa ese akakosha-akakosha, mota yepakati yekuchengetedza system inofanirwa kushanda zvakavimbika. Asi vagadziri vanogona sei kuona kuti zvinangwa izvi zvazadzikiswa kana system ikatadza? Imwe nzira yekudzivirira zviitiko muchiitiko chekutadza kukuru kwehurongwa kugadzira kopi yekuchengetedza yedata mune isina basa rekugadzirisa data system, zvisinei, iyi sarudzo inodhura zvakanyanya kuita.
Naizvozvo, mamwe mainjiniya atora imwe nzira: vari kushanda mukugadzira masisitimu ekuchengetedza ega ega ega ega anosanganisirwa mukupa isina munhu kutyaira modhi, kunyanya mabhureki, chidhiraivho, masensa uye machipisi emakombuta. Nokudaro, imwe yechipiri inooneka mumotokari, iyo, pasina kusungirirwa kwekuchengetedza kwese data yakachengetwa mumotokari, kana chiitiko chekukundikana kwemidziyo yakakosha, inogona kumisa zvakachengeteka motokari padivi pemugwagwa. Sezvo asiri ese mabasa akakosha zvechokwadi (mune emergency iwe unogona kuita pasina, semuenzaniso, air conditioning kana redhiyo), nzira iyi, kune rumwe rutivi, haidi kugadzirwa kwe backup ye data risiri rakakosha, zvinoreva kuti. yakaderedzwa mari, uye, kune rumwe rutivi, zvese zvichiri kupa inishuwarenzi kana system ikatadza.
Sezvo purojekiti yemotokari inozvimiririra inofambira mberi, shanduko yese yekufambisa ichavakwa yakatenderedza data. Nekugadzirisa michina yekudzidza maalgorithms kuti igadzirise huwandu hukuru hwe data iyo mota dzinozvimiririra dzinotsamira pairi, uye kushandisa akasimba uye anoshanda nzira dzekudzichengetedza uye dzivirirwe kubva kunjodzi dzekunze, vagadziri vanozokwanisa kugadzira mota yakachengeteka zvakakwana tyaira mumigwagwa migwagwa yedhijitari yeramangwana.
Source: www.habr.com