Tiri kutaura nezve-multi-core CPUs kubva kune vanogadzira pasi rose.
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48 cores
Pakupera kwa2018, Intel Cascade-AP zvivakwa. Aya ma processor anozotsigira anosvika makumi mana nemasere cores, ane akawanda-chip marongero uye gumi nemaviri chiteshi cheDDR48 DRAM. Iyi nzira ichapa huwandu hwepamusoro hwekufananidza, hunobatsira mukugadzirisa data hombe mugore. Kuburitswa kwezvigadzirwa zvakavakirwa paCascade-AP kwakarongerwa 12.
pa48-core processors uye muIBM ine Samsung. Ivo vanogadzira machipisi zvichienderana nekuvaka . Iwo maturusi matsva achatsigira OpenCAPI 4.0 protocol uye NVLink 3.0 bhazi. Yekutanga ichapa kumashure kuenderana nePOWER9, uye yechipiri ichamhanyisa kuendesa data pakati pemakomputa system zvikamu kusvika ku20 Gbit/s. Izvo zvinozivikanwa zvakare kuti POWER10 ine hutsva hweI / O matekinoroji uye yakagadziridzwa ndangariro controllers.
Pakutanga, machipisi aifanira kugadzirwa kuGlobalFoundries uchishandisa 10nm process tekinoroji, asi sarudzo yakaitwa ichifarira TSMC uye 7nm tekinoroji. Budiriro yakarongwa kupedzwa pakati pa2020 na2022. Pakazosvika 2023, mubatanidzwa uchaburitsa POWER11 machipisi, akagadzirwa achishandisa 7nm process tekinoroji ine transistor density ye20 bhiriyoni.
By , 48-core Intel mhinduro dzinoshanda zvakapetwa katatu kupfuura vamwe vavo AMD (ine makumi matatu nemaviri cores). Kana iri POWER32, hapana chinozivikanwa nezvekuita kwayo parizvino. Asi kuti chizvarwa chitsva chevagadziri chichawana kushandiswa mumunda we analytics uye huru data data.
56 cores
Machipisi akafanana achangobva kuziviswa neIntel - achagadzirwa achishandisa 14-nm process tekinoroji. Ivo vanotsigira Optane DC memory modules yakavakirwa pa3D Xpoint uye vane zvigamba zveSpecter uye Foreshadow kusasimba. Midziyo mitsva inouya ne12 memory channels uye akati wandei akavakirwa-mukati accelerators ekugadzirisa matambudziko ari mugore, pamwe nekushanda neAI neML masisitimu uye 5G network.
Iyo mureza wemhando ine 56 cores ichadaidzwa kuti Platinum 9282. Wachi frequency ichava 2,6 GHz, nekukwanisa kupfuudza kusvika ku3,8 GHz. Iyo chip ine 77MB yeL3 cache, makumi mana PCIe 3.0 nzira, uye 400W yesimba pane socket. Mutengo wevagadziri unotanga kubva pazviuru gumi zvemadhora.
Developers kuti Optane DC ichaderedza nguva yekudzorerazve yekombiyuta masisitimu kubva pamaminetsi akati wandei kusvika kumasekonzi akati wandei. Zvakare, iyo chip nyowani ichakubvumidza kuti ushandise nhamba yakakura yemashini chaiwo munzvimbo yegore. Iyo 56-core processor inotarisirwa kudzikisa mutengo wekuchengetedza imwe VM ne30%. Zvisinei, nyanzvi kuti ma processors matsva ishanduro yakagadziridzwa yeXeon Scalable. Iyo microarchitecture uye wachi yekumhanya kwechip inoramba yakafanana.
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64 cores
Yakadaro processor pakupera kwegore rapfuura ku AMD. Tiri kutaura nezve itsva 64-core Epyc server machipisi yakavakirwa pa7nm process tekinoroji. Dzinofanirwa kuratidzwa gore rino. Huwandu hweDDR4 chiteshi huchave sere pafrequency ye2,2 GHz, uye 256 MB yeL3 cache ichawedzerwawo. Pachava nemachipisi 128 PCI Express 4.0 nzira panzvimbo yevhezheni 3.0, iyo ichapeta kaviri kubuda.
Asi huwandu hweHacker News vagari kuti kukura kwechigadzirwa hakusi nguva dzose kunobatsira kune vangangoshandisa. Kutevera kukwidziridzwa kwesimba, mutengo wevagadziri unowedzerawo, izvo zvinogona kuderedza kudiwa kwevatengi.
Iyo 64-core processor yakagadziridzwa zvakare naHuawei. Yavo Kunpeng 920 machipisi ari ARM server processors. Kugadzira kunoitwa neTSMC vachishandisa 7nm process tekinoroji. Masevha eTaiShan akatove akashongedzerwa nemidziyo mitsva ine wachi frequency ye2,6 GHz, tsigiro yePCIe 4.0 uye CCIX nzvimbo. Iwo ekupedzisira akagadzirirwa kushanda nedata hombe uye maapplication ari mugore.
Huawei processors vakatoratidza kuwedzera kwe20% kuita muyedzo nemaseva eTaiShan. Uye zvakare, memory bandwidth yakawedzera ne46% zvichienzaniswa neyakapfuura zvigadzirwa zvekambani.
Total
Kazhinji, tinogona kutaura kuti kukwikwidza mumusika we server chip muna 2019 kuchave kwakakwira. Vagadziri vari kuwedzera akawanda uye akawanda macores, kugadzirira processors nerutsigiro rwemaprotocol matsva ekufambisa data, uye kuyedza kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvakawanda. Nekuda kweizvi, varidzi venzvimbo yedata vane mikana yakawanda yekusarudza zvigadziriso zvinoenderana nemhando dzakasiyana dzemitoro uye mamwe mabasa.
Zvimwe zvekushandisa kubva kune yedu Telegraph chiteshi:
Source: www.habr.com