Opennebula. Zvinyorwa zvipfupi

Mhoroi mose. Chinyorwa ichi chakanyorerwa avo vachiri kubvarurwa pakati pekusarudza mapuratifomu ekuona uye mushure mekuverenga chinyorwa kubva munhevedzano "Takaisa proxmox uye kazhinji zvese zvakanaka, makore matanhatu enguva pasina kana kumbozorora." Asi mushure mekuisa imwe kana imwe kunze-kwe-kwe-bhokisi mhinduro, mubvunzo unomuka: ndingagadzirisa sei izvi pano, kuitira kuti kutarisa kuwedzere kunzwisisika, uye pano, kudzora mabhakiti .... Uye ipapo nguva inosvika uye iwe unoona kuti iwe unoda chimwe chinhu chinoshanda, kana iwe unoda kuti zvese zviri mukati mehurongwa hwako zvive pachena, uye kwete iyi bhokisi dema, kana iwe unoda kushandisa chimwe chinhu chinopfuura hypervisor uye boka remashini chaiwo. Ichi chinyorwa chichava nemimwe pfungwa uye kudzidzira kwakavakirwa paOpennebula papuratifomu - ndakaisarudza nekuti. haisi kudiwa pane zviwanikwa uye mavakirwo haana kunyanya kuoma.

Uye saka, sezvatinoona, vazhinji vanopa makore vanoshanda pa kvm uye vanoita zvekunze kubatanidza kudzora michina. Zviri pachena kuti mahosi makuru anonyora avo ega masisitimu emafu, yakafanana YANDEX semuenzaniso. Mumwe munhu anoshandisa openstack uye anoita chinongedzo pane iyi nheyo - SELECTEL, MAIL.RU. Asi kana iwe uine yako hardware uye vashandi vashoma venyanzvi, saka iwe unowanzo sarudza chinhu chakagadzirirwa-VMWARE, HYPER-V, kune marezinesi emahara uye anobhadharwa, asi handizvo zvatiri kutaura nezvazvo izvozvi. Ngatitaure nezve vanofarira - ava ndeavo vasingatyi kupa uye kuyedza chimwe chinhu chitsva, zvisinei nekuti kambani yakanyatsojekesa, "Ndiani achashanda izvi mushure mako," "Tichaburitsa izvi mukugadzira gare gare. ? Zvinotyisa." Asi iwe unogona kutanga washandisa zvigadziriso izvi mubhenji rekuyedza, uye kana munhu wese achizvifarira, ipapo unogona kusimudza mubvunzo wekuwedzera kusimudzira uye kushandisa munzvimbo dzakakomba.

Zvakare heino chinongedzo kumushumo www.youtube.com/watch?v=47Mht_uoX3A kubva kune anotora chikamu mukuvandudzwa kwepuratifomu iyi.

Zvichida munyaya ino chimwe chinhu chichave chakanyanyisa uye chinonzwisisika kune nyanzvi ine ruzivo, uye mune dzimwe nguva handisi kuzotsanangura zvose nokuti mirairo yakafanana uye tsanangudzo inowanikwa paInternet. Ichi chingori chiitiko changu nepuratifomu iyi. Ndinovimba kuti vatori vechikamu vanoshingaira vachawedzera mumashoko izvo zvingaitwa zviri nani uye kukanganisa kwandakaita. Zvose zviito zvakaitika muimba yeimba inosanganisira 3 maPC ane maitiro akasiyana. Zvakare, ini handina kunyatso ratidza kuti software iyi inoshanda sei uye sei yekuiisa. Kwete, ruzivo rwekutonga chete uye matambudziko andakasangana nawo. Zvichida izvi zvichave zvakakosha kune mumwe munhu mukusarudza kwavo.

Saka, ngatitangei. Semutongi wehurongwa, zvinotevera pfungwa dzakakosha kwandiri, pasina izvo ini handigone kushandisa iyi mhinduro.

1. Installation repeatability

Pane yakawanda mirairo yekuisa opennebula, hapafanirwe kuve nematambudziko. Kubva pashanduro kuenda kune imwe, zvinhu zvitsva zvinoonekwa zvisingashande nguva dzose kana uchifamba kubva pane imwe shanduro kuenda kune imwe.

2. Monitoring

Isu tichatarisa iyo node pachayo, kvm uye opennebula. Sezvineiwo, yakatogadzirira. Pane zvakawanda zvingasarudzwa pamusoro pekutarisa Linux mauto, iyo imwe Zabbix kana node kunze kunze - ani nani anoda zviri nani - panguva ino ini ndinoitsanangura seyekutarisa system metrics (tembiricha kwainogona kuyerwa, kuenderana kwedhisiki array), kuburikidza nezabbix. , uye sezvikumbiro kuburikidza nePrometheus mutengesi. Kune kvm yekutarisa, semuenzaniso, unogona kutora chirongwa github.com/zhangjianweibj/prometheus-libvirt-exporter.git uye woimisa kuti imhanye kuburikidza ne systemd, inoshanda chaizvo uye inoratidza kvm metrics, kune zvakare yakagadzirira-yakagadzirwa dhibhodhi. grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/12538.

Semuenzaniso, heino faira rangu:

/etc/systemd/system/libvirtd_exporter.service
[Unit]
Description=Node Exporter

[Service]
User=node_exporter
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/prometheus-libvirt-exporter --web.listen-address=":9101"

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Uye saka tine 1 mutengesi kunze, tinoda yechipiri kuti titarise opennebula pachayo, ndakashandisa izvi github.com/kvaps/opennebula-exporter/blob/master/opennebula_exporter

Inogona kuwedzerwa kune yakajairika node_exporter kuongorora sisitimu zvinotevera.

Mune node_exporter faira tinoshandura kutanga seizvi:

ExecStart=/usr/sbin/node_exporter --web.listen-address=":9102" --collector.textfile.directory=/var/lib/opennebula_exporter/textfile_collector

Gadzira dhairekitori mkdir -p /var/lib/opennebula_exporter

bash script yakaratidzwa pamusoro, chokutanga tinotarisa basa kuburikidza nekoni, kana ichiratidza zvatinoda (kana ichipa chikanganiso, wobva waisa xmlstarlet), ikope ku /usr/local/bin/opennebula_exporter.sh

Wedzera basa re cron kweminiti yega yega:

*/1 * * * * (/usr/local/bin/opennebula_exporter.sh > /var/lib/opennebula_exporter/textfile_collector/opennebula.prom)

Metrics akatanga kuoneka, unogona kuvatora senge prometheus uye kuvaka magirafu uye kuita chenjedzo. MuGrafana unogona kudhirowa, semuenzaniso, iri nyore dashboard.

(zviri pachena kuti pano ndinokunda cpu, gondohwe)

Kune avo vanoda uye vanoshandisa Zabbix, pane github.com/OpenNebula/addon-zabbix

Nezvekutarisa kune chekuita, chinhu chikuru ndechekuti iripo. Ehe, iwe unogona, nekuwedzera, shandisa yakavakirwa-mukati madhiraivha ekutarisa maturusi uye kurodha data kune kubhadharisa, pano munhu wese ane maonero ake, ini handisati ndatanga kushanda pane izvi zvakanyanya.

Handisati ndanyatsotanga kutema miti. Sarudzo yakareruka ndeyekuwedzera td-agent kusiyanisa iyo /var/lib/one dhairekitori ine zvinogara zvichitaurwa. Semuenzaniso, sunstone.log faira inoenderana nenginx regexp uye mamwe mafaera anoratidza nhoroondo yekuwana papuratifomu - chii chakanakira izvi? Zvakanaka, semuenzaniso, isu tinokwanisa kunyatso kuteedzera nhamba ye "Kanganiso, kukanganisa" uye nekukurumidza kuona kuti kupi uye padanho ripi pane kusashanda.

3. Backups

Kune zvakare akabhadharwa akapedzwa mapurojekiti - semuenzaniso sep wiki.sepsoftware.com/wiki/index.php/4_4_3_Tigon:OpenNebula_Backup. Pano isu tinofanirwa kunzwisisa kuti kungo tsigira mufananidzo wemuchina hakuna kutombofanana mune iyi kesi, nekuti edu chaiwo mashini anofanirwa kushanda nekubatanidzwa kwakazara (iyo yakafanana faira remukati rinotsanangura marongero etiweki, vm zita uye tsika zvigadziriso zvekushandisa kwako) . Naizvozvo, pano isu tinosarudza kuti chii uye sei isu tichatsigira. Mune zvimwe zviitiko zviri nani kuita makopi ezviri muvm pachayo. Uye pamwe unongoda kuchengetedza dhisiki rimwe chete kubva pamushini wakapihwa.

Semuenzaniso, takasarudza kuti michina yese inotanga nemifananidzo inopfuurira, saka, mushure mekuverenga docs.opennebula.io/5.12/operation/vm_management/img_guide.html

Izvi zvinoreva kuti chekutanga tinogona kurodha mufananidzo kubva kune yedu vm:

onevm disk-saveas 74 3 prom.qcow2
Image ID: 77

Смотрим, под каким именем он сохранился

oneimage show 77
/var/lib/one//datastores/100/f9503161fe180658125a9b32433bf6e8
   
И далее копируем куда нам необходимо. Конечно, так себе способ. Просто хотел показать, что используя инструменты opennebula можно строить подобные решения.

Ndakawanawo paInternet mushumo unofadza uye kune zvimwe chirongwa chakavhurika chakadaro, asi pane chete kuchengetedza qcow2.

Asi sezvatinoziva tose, nokukurumidza kana kuti gare gare inosvika nguva yaunoda kuwedzera backups, zvakanyanya kuoma pano uye zvichida vatungamiri vachagovera mari yemhinduro yakabhadharwa, kana kuenda neimwe nzira uye kunzwisisa kuti pano isu tiri kungocheka zviwanikwa, uye kugadzira ma backups padanho rekushandisa uye nekuwedzera akati wandei manode nemichina chaiyo - hongu, pano, ndiri kutaura kuti kushandisa gore kuvhura masumbu ekushandisa, uye kuvhura dhatabhesi pane imwe chikuva kana kutora yakagadzirira-yakagadzirwa. kubva kumutengesi, kana zvichibvira.

4. Kusununguka kwekushandisa

Mundima ino ndichatsanangura matambudziko andakasangana nawo. Semuenzaniso, maererano nemifananidzo, sezvatinoziva, pane kuramba - kana chifananidzo ichi chakaiswa kune vm, data yose inonyorwa kumufananidzo uyu. Uye kana isingarambiki, saka chifananidzo chinoteedzerwa kuchichengetedzo uye data inonyorerwa kune iyo yakakopwa kubva kumudziyo mufananidzo - iyi ndiyo mashandiro anoita template matemplate. Ini ndakadzokorora kuzvikonzera matambudziko nekukanganwa kutsanangura zvinoramba uye mufananidzo we200 GB wakakopwa, dambudziko nderekuti maitiro aya haagone kudzimwa, iwe unofanirwa kuenda kune node uye kuuraya ikozvino "cp" maitiro.

Imwe yezvakaipira kukosha ndeyekuti haugone kudzima zviito nekungoshandisa iyo gui. Kana kuti, iwe unovadzima uye woona kuti hapana chinoitika uye iwe unovatanga zvakare, kanzura uye chokwadi pachange paine 2 cp maitiro anokopa mufananidzo.

Uye zvino zvasvika pakunzwisisa kuti sei opennebula nhamba imwe neimwe nyowani ine id nyowani, semuenzaniso, mune imwechete proxmox yakagadzira vm ine id 101, yakadzima, wobva waigadzira zvakare uye id 101. Mu opennebula izvi hazvizoitika, imwe neimwe nyowani ichagadzirwa iine id nyowani uye iyi ine yayo logic - semuenzaniso, kujekesa yekare data kana kusabudirira kuisirwa.

Izvo zvakafanana zvinoenda kukuchengetedza; zvakanyanya pane zvese, iyi chikuva chakanangana nepakati kuchengetedza. Kune maaddon ekushandisa emuno, asi handizvo zvatiri kutaura nezvazvo mune ino kesi. Ndinofunga kuti mune ramangwana mumwe munhu achanyora chinyorwa pamusoro pekuti vakakwanisa sei kushandisa nzvimbo yekuchengetedza pane nodes uye kubudirira kuishandisa mukugadzira.

5. Kunyanya nyore

Ehe, kana uchienderera mberi, vashoma vanokunzwisisa vanova vashoma.

Pasi pemamiriro ekumira kwangu - 3 node ine nfs kuchengetedza - zvese zvinoshanda zvakanaka. Asi kana tikaita zviedzo zvinosanganisira kudzimwa kwemagetsi, semuenzaniso, kana tichimhanyisa snapshot uye kudzima simba renodhi, tinochengetedza marongero mudhatabhesi kuti pane snapshot, asi chokwadi hapana (zvakanaka, isu tese tinonzwisisa kuti isu pakutanga akanyora dhatabhesi nezvechiito ichi mu sql, asi oparesheni pachayo haina kubudirira). Zvakanakira ndezvekuti pakugadzira mufananidzo, faira rakasiyana rinoumbwa uye kune "mubereki", saka kana paine matambudziko uye kunyangwe ikasashanda kuburikidza ne gui, tinogona kutora iyo qcow2 faira toidzosera zvakasiyana. docs.opennebula.io/5.8/operation/vm_management/vm_instances.html

Pane network, zvinosuruvarisa, hazvisi zvese zviri nyore. Zvakanaka, zviri nyore zviri nyore pane openstack, ndakashandisa vlan (802.1Q) chete - inoshanda chaizvo, asi kana iwe ukaita shanduko kune zvigadziriso kubva kune template network, zvigadziriso izvi hazvizoshandiswe kumakina agara achimhanya, i.e. iwe unofanirwa kudzima uye kuwedzera kadhi retiweki, ipapo marongero matsva anozoiswa.

Kana iwe uchidawo kuienzanisa ne openstack, iwe unogona kutaura izvi: mu opennebula hapana tsanangudzo yakajeka yekuti ndeapi matekinoroji ekushandisa kuchengetedza data, kubata network, zviwanikwa - maneja wega anozvisarudzira izvo zvakamunakira.

6. Mamwe mapulagi uye kuiswa

Mushure mezvose, sezvatinonzwisisa, iyo cloud platform inogona kutarisira kwete kvm chete, asiwo vmware esxi. Nehurombo, ini ndakanga ndisina dziva neVcenter, kana paine akamboedza, ndapota nyora.

Tsigiro yevamwe vanopa makore inotsanangurwa docs.opennebula.io/5.12/advanced_components/cloud_bursting/index.html
AWS, AZURE.

Ndakaedzawo kubatanidza Vmware Cloud kubva kuSelectel, asi hapana chakashanda - kazhinji, yakavharwa nokuti pane zvinhu zvakawanda, uye hapana chikonzero chekunyora kune tsigiro yehutano yemupi wekutambira.

Zvakare, iyo vhezheni nyowani ine firecracker - uku ndiko kutangwa kwemicrovm, rudzi rwekvm harness pamusoro pedocker, iyo inopa zvakatowanda kuita zvakasiyana, chengetedzo uye kuwedzera kubereka nekuti hapana chikonzero chekuparadza zviwanikwa pamidziyo yekutevedzera. Iyo chete mukana wandinoona pamusoro peDocker ndeyekuti haitore imwe nhamba yemaitiro uye hapana akagarwa masokisi kana uchishandisa iyi emulation, i.e. Zvinogoneka kuishandisa semuyero wemutoro (asi zvingangove zvakakodzera kunyora chakasiyana chinyorwa nezve izvi kusvika ndaita zvizere bvunzo dzese).

7. Chiitiko chakanaka chekushandisa uye kukanganisa kugadzirisa

Ndaida kugovera maonero angu pamusoro pebasa, ndakatsanangura mamwe acho pamusoro apa, ndinoda kunyora zvakawanda. Chokwadi, handisi ini ndoga ndakatanga kufunga kuti iyi haisi iyo system chaiyo uye kazhinji zvese pano icrutch - vanotoshanda sei nazvo? Asi ipapo kunzwisisa kunouya kuti zvese zvine musoro. Ehe, haugone kufadza munhu wese uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinoda kuvandudzwa.

Semuenzaniso, kushanda kuri nyore kwekukopa mufananidzo wedhisiki kubva kune imwe dhata kuenda kune imwe. Mune mhaka yangu, pane 2 nodes ine nfs, ndinotumira mufananidzo - kukopa kunoitika kuburikidza ne frontend opennebula, kunyange isu tose takajaira kuti data inofanira kukopwa zvakananga pakati pevatenzi - mune imwechete vmware, hyper-v isu tiri. kujaira izvi, asi pano kune imwe. Pane imwe nzira uye imwe pfungwa yakasiyana, uye muvhezheni 5.12 vakabvisa bhatani re "kutamira kudhatastore" - chete muchina pachawo unotamiswa, asi kwete chengetedzo nekuti. zvinoreva centralized storage.

Chinotevera chikanganiso chakakurumbira nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana: "Kukanganisa kuendesa virtual machine: Haikwanise kugadzira domain kubva /var/lib/one//datastores/103/10/deployment.5" Pazasi pane chinhu chepamusoro chekutarisa.

• Kodzero dzemufananidzo kune oneadmin mushandisi;
• Mvumo yeumweadmin mushandisi kumhanya libvirtd;
• Datastore yakarongedzwa zvakanaka here? Enda uye utarise nzira pane node pachayo, pamwe chimwe chinhu chadonha;
• Netiweki isina kurongeka, kana kuti pane kumberi kuri mumatiweki zvigadziriso iyo main interface yevlan ndeye br0, asi pane node yakanyorwa sebhiriji0 - inofanira kunge yakafanana.

system datastore inochengetera metadata yevm yako, kana iwe uchimhanyisa vm nemufananidzo unoramba uripo, saka vm inoda kuwana iyo yakatanga kugadzirwa gadziriso pane yekuchengetedza kwawakagadzira vm - izvi zvakakosha. Naizvozvo, kana uchiendesa vm kune imwe dhatadha, unofanirwa kuongorora kaviri zvese.

8. Zvinyorwa, nharaunda. Kumwe budiriro

Uye zvakasara, zvinyorwa zvakanaka, nharaunda uye chinhu chikuru ndechekuti purojekiti inoramba ichirarama mune ramangwana.

Kazhinji, zvese zvakanyatso nyorwa uye kunyangwe kushandisa iyo yepamutemo sosi hazvizove dambudziko kuisa uye kuwana mhinduro dzemibvunzo.

Nharaunda, inoshanda. Inoburitsa akawanda akagadzirira-akagadzirwa mhinduro dzaunogona kushandisa mukumisikidza kwako.

Parizvino, mamwe marongero mukambani achinja kubva 5.12 forum.opennebula.io/t/towards-a-stronger-opennebula-community/8506/14 Zvichave zvinonakidza kuona kuti chirongwa chinokura sei. Pakutanga, ndakanyatsoratidza vamwe vevatengesi vanoshandisa mhinduro dzavo uye izvo indasitiri inopa. Zvechokwadi, hapana mhinduro yakajeka pane zvekushandisa. Asi kumasangano madiki, kuchengetedza gore ravo diki rakavanzika rinogona kunge risingadhure sezvazvinoratidzika. Chinhu chikuru ndechokuziva chaizvo zvaunoda.

Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvisinei nekuti chii chaunosarudza seyefu system, haufanirwe kumira pane chimwe chigadzirwa. Kana uine nguva, zvakakosha kutarisa mamwe magadzirirwo akazaruka.

Pane kutaura kwakanaka t.me/opennebula Ivo vanoshingairira kubatsira uye havakutume kuti utsvage mhinduro kudambudziko paGoogle. Join us.

Source: www.habr.com