Mugadziri Emmanuele Bassi ane chivimbo chekuti neiyo mitsva yekushandisa inogadziridza, iyo GNOME desktop ichave inoshanduka uye nyore.
Muna 2005, vagadziri veGNOME vakaisa chinangwa chekutora 10% yemusika wepasi rese wekombuta panosvika 2010. 15 makore apfuura. Mugove wemakomputa edesktop ane Linux pabhodhi angangoita 2%. Zvinhu zvichachinja here mushure mekuburitswa kutsva kwakati wandei? Uye zvakadaro, chii chakakosha pamusoro pavo?
Desktop nharaunda yakaita shanduko dzakawanda kubva payakatanga kuburitswa muna Kurume 1999. Kubva ipapo, iyo yakavhurika sosi purojekiti yagara ichiburitsa zvigadziriso kaviri pagore. Saka ikozvino vashandisi vanoziva nguva yekutarisira kuti maficha matsva aonekwe.
Latest release yakabudiswa muna March, uye zvino vagadziri vari kuronga kusunungurwa kunotevera kwaSeptember. Ndakataura naEmmanuele Bassi kuti ndizive kuti chii chakakosha nezveiyo yazvino vhezheni yeGNOME-uye zvakanyanya kukosha, chii chitsva mune ramangwana shanduro.
Emmanuele anga achishanda nechikwata cheGNOME kweanopfuura makore gumi nemashanu. Akatanga ashanda purojekiti yakapa vanogadzira kugona kushandisa maraibhurari eGNOME nemimwe mitauro yekuronga, ndokuzoenda kuchikwata chekusimudzira cheGTK, chikuva chemuchinjikwa chekugadzira maapplication eGNOME. Muna 15, GNOME yakagamuchira Emmanuele kuchikwata cheGTK Core, kwaanoshanda paGTK raibhurari uye GNOME application development platform.
GNOME 3.36 yakaburitswa munaKurume 2020. Zvinhu zvipi zvaro zvatinofanira kuziva nezvazvo?
Emmanuelle Basi: [Chekutanga pane zvese, ndinoda kuratidza kuti] GNOME yakatevera hurongwa hwakasimba hwekuburitsa kwemakore gumi nemasere. Iyo inotevera vhezheni yeGNOME inoburitswa kwete nekuti chero maficha akagadzirira, asi maererano nehurongwa. Izvi zvinoita kuti kushanda pakuburitswa kuve nyore. PaGNOME, isu hatimirire chikamu chikuru chinotevera kuti chigadzirire. Pane kudaro, isu tinongosundira kunze kuburitswa kutsva mwedzi mitanhatu yega yega. Isu tinogara tichigadzirisa tsikidzi, tinowedzera zvitsva uye kupukuta zvese kuti zvipenye.
Mukuburitswa uku, takatarisa kuti mabasa ese ari nyore uye anonakidza kushandisa. GNOME 3.36 ine akawanda ekugadzirisa ekugadzirisa. Semuenzaniso, ndinoda kugona kudzima zviziviso. Iyi ficha yaivepo mune yekare vhezheni yeGNOME, asi yakabviswa imwe nguva yapfuura nekuti haina kushanda zvakavimbika. Asi takaidzosa nekuti chimiro ichi chakakosha uye chakakosha kuvanhu vazhinji.
Iwe unogona kubatidza kana kudzima zviziviso kune ese maapuro kamwechete, kana kuagadzirisa kune yega yega app yaunoshandisa. Unogona kuwana chinhu ichi muGNOME Settings, muMaapplication menu.
Isu takawedzera nekuvandudza iyo GNOME yekuvhara skrini. Yave iri mumabasa kwemakore, asi ikozvino yagadzirira. Kana iyo yekukiyiwa skrini inoratidzwa, iyo yekumashure yenzvimbo yebasa iripo inodzima, asi kushanda kwekushandisa kuchiri kuoneka. Isu tanga tichishanda pane izvi uye zvine hukama matambudziko ekupedzisira matatu kana mana ekupedzisira uye takakunda akawanda matambudziko kuti zvese zvishande nemazvo.
Chimwe chinhu chatakawana chakakosha kubva pakuona kwemushandisi kwaive kuwana kune ese maExtensions. Pakutanga, mawedzero aigona kuwanikwa kuburikidza neChikumbiro Center (GNOME Software Center), asi havasi vese vaiziva nezvazvo. Iye zvino tafambisa manejimendi ekuwedzera mune imwe yakaparadzana application.
Uye isu takavandudzawo zvishoma GNOME shell pachayo. Semuenzaniso, maforodha muLauncher chinhu chitsva chikuru. Zviri nyore chaizvo kugadzira ako ega ega mapoka emapurogiramu kana maforodha mune yekutanga. Vazhinji vashandisi vanga vachikumbira izvi kwenguva yakareba. Maforodha akanyatsowedzerwa mune yekutanga vhezheni yeGNOME, asi [iyo ficha] yaida rimwe basa kuti inyatso kutonhorera. Uye ndinovimba unoikoshesa muGNOME 3.36.
Iwo maforodha anonyanya kuoneka uye anotaridzika zvakanaka. GNOME ichapa zita reforodha yako, asi zviri nyore kuitumidza zita kana uchida.
Ndezvipi zvimiro zveGNOME zvisingakosheswi kana kuti zvisati zvaonekwa?
E.B.: Handizive kana paine zvimwe zvakakosha muGNOME 3.36. Kana iwe uri anoshanda GNOME mushandisi, chinhu chinonyanya kukosha chaunofanira kuonga ndeye yakagadziridzwa mushandisi interface. Isu tiri kutaura zvakare nezve "hungwaru" [uye hushamwari] hwekudyidzana nemushandisi. Iyo system haifanirwe kukupa chero dambudziko.
[Ndakarangarirawo kuti] takarerutsa basa nendima yekuisa password. Pakutanga, zvese zvaifanira kuitwa kuburikidza nemenyu yawaifanira kuwana neimwe nzira, asi ikozvino zvese zviri pamunwe wako.
Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya kana iwe ukashandisa marefu uye akaoma password sezvandinoita. Chero mamiriro ezvinhu, kana iwe waisa password, unogona kudzvanya diki icon kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti waipinda nemazvo.
E.B.: Zvimwe zvikumbiro muGNOME zvino pindura pakugadzirisa. Mukupindura kune idzi shanduko, iyo mushandisi interface inogadziridzwa. Iyo Settings app muenzaniso wakanaka mune izvi. Kana iwe ukaita hwindo rayo rakatetepa zvakanyanya, rinoratidza UI zvinhu zvakasiyana. Takashanda pane izvi nekuda kwekuda kuri kubuda kwekupindura: makambani akaita sePurism ari kushandisa GNOME pane mamwe masikirwo emasikirini (kusanganisira mafoni), pamwe neakasiyana mafomu zvinhu.
Iwe hauzocherechedze dzimwe shanduko kudzamara watanga kushingaira kushandisa GNOME desktop. Kune akawanda makuru maficha anotendera iwe kugadzirisa GNOME kuti ienderane nezvaunoda.
Iwe hausi chete mugadziri, asiwo mushandisi weGNOME. Ndokumbira undiudze kuti ndeapi maficha eGNOME aunoona anonyanya kubatsira pabasa rako remazuva ese?
E.B.: Ini ndinoshandisa keyboard navigation zvakanyanya. Ini ndinoshandisa keyboard nguva dzese: Ndinogara nemaoko angu pane keyboard. Kushandisa mbeva zvakanyanya kunogona kutoita kuti ndiwane RSI (kurwadziwa kwetsandanyama kana kukuvara kunokonzerwa nekudzokorora kukurumidza kufamba). Kugona kushandisa keyboard chete kwakanaka.
Iyo yepamusoro hotkey system ndeimwe yemabhenefiti uye chikamu cheGNOME tsika. Dhizaini yedu iri kusimukira munzira imwechete, iyo yakavakirwa pane paradigm yekushandisa "nekukurumidza" makiyi. Saka chikamu chepakati chemutauro wekugadzira, kwete chimwe chinhu chinozobviswa rimwe zuva.
Pamusoro pezvo, ini ndinofanira kuvhura akawanda windows pachiratidziro uye kurongedza munzvimbo. Ndinowanzoisa mahwindo maviri padivi nepadivi. Ini zvakare ndinoshandisa nzvimbo dzakawanda dzekushanda. Ndakaedza kubata nzvimbo dzangu dzekushanda kumashure kuma1990s ndichishandisa akasiyana madhesiki. Asi ini ndaigara ndiine ekuwedzera virtual desktops akagara akatenderedza. GNOME inoita kuti zvive nyore kugadzira nzvimbo itsva yekushanda pese paunoda. Uye inonyangarika nyore nyore apo kudiwa kwayo kunonyangarika.
Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinonakidza zvatingatarisira kubva kuGNOME 3.37 uye kubva kuGNOME 3.38, iyo yakarongerwa Gunyana 2020?
E.B.: Kuchinja kunoitika nguva dzose. Semuenzaniso, isu tave kushanda pane grid yekushandisa uye marongero ayo. Parizvino, maapplication akarongwa nemazita uye akarongwa nealfabheti, asi munguva pfupi iwe unozokwanisa kuazvuva uchitenderedza uye kuronga iwo zvisina tsarukano. Izvi zvinoratidza kuguma kweshanduko huru yatave tichishandira kwemakore mashanu kana kupfuura. Chinangwa chedu ndechekuita kuti GNOME isave nehutongi uye yakawanda mushandisi-centric.
Takashandawo paGNOME Shell. Vagadziri vanoda kuita mimwe bvunzo neOngororo. Nhasi une pani kuruboshwe, pani kurudyi, uye mahwindo pakati. Tichaedza kubvisa dashboard nokuti, mumaonero edu, hazvina maturo. Asi iwe unogona zvakare kuidzosera uye kuigadzirisa. Iyi imhando yekugutsurira kune mobile-kutanga. Asi pakombuta yedesktop, iwe uri muchimiro chemamiriro uye une yakawanda screen real estate. Uye panharembozha pane nzvimbo shoma, saka tiri kuyedza nzira itsva dzekuratidza zvirimo. Mamwe acho achaonekwa muGNOME 3.38, asi iyi yese inyaya yenguva refu, saka ngatirege kufungidzira.
Pachave nedzimwe sarudzo muGNOME Settings. GNOME 3.38 ichaita multitasking toolbar. Zvimwe zvezvirongwa zvitsva zvakatoitwa muGNOME Tweaks app, uye mamwe acho achabva kuTweaks kuenda kune huru Settings app. Semuenzaniso, kugona kudzima kona inopisa - vamwe vanhu havafarire chimiro ichi. Isu tinokupa iwe kugona kugadzirisa yako mushandisi ruzivo pane akawanda skrini, imwe neimwe iine yayo yekushandira. Mazhinji eaya ma tweaks haawanikwe izvozvi, saka tiri kuvabvisa kubva kuGNOME Tweaks.
[Mumhedziso,] mumwe nemumwe wedu akaita basa rakawanda kuita kuti GNOME ive nani, kusanganisira kune vanhu vanomhanyisa masisitimu mashoma seRaspberry Pi. Pakazara, takashanda nesimba uye tinoramba tichishanda nesimba kuvandudza GNOME [uye kuita kuti iwedzere mushandisi-hushamwari].Pamusoro pekodzero dzekutsvaga
Zvinodiwa ? Nesu iwe unogona kuisa zvachose chero system yekushandisa. Yedu epic maseva ane azvino uye ane simba processors kubva ku AMD akakwana. Yakasiyana-siyana yezvigadziriso nekubhadhara kwezuva nezuva.
Source: www.habr.com