Matanda anobva kupi? Veeam Log Diving

Tinoenderera mberi nekunyudzwa kwedu munyika inonakidza yekufungidzira ... kugadzirisa matambudziko nematanda. IN nyaya yapfuura takabvumirana pane zvinorehwa nemazwi ekutanga uye takatarisa chimiro cheVeeam sechishandiso chimwe chete neziso rimwe. Basa reuyu nderokuona kuti mafaira egigi akaumbwa sei, rudzii rweruzivo runoratidzwa mavari uye nei vachitaridzika nenzira yavanotaridzika.

Iwe unofunga kuti "matanda" aya chii? Sekureva kwevazhinji, matanda echero application anofanirwa kupihwa basa remhando yechinhu chine masimba ese icho kazhinji yenguva inomera kumwe kuseri kwemba, asi panguva chaiyo inoonekwa pasina pese mune inopenya nhumbi dzokurwa uye inoponesa munhu wese. Ndiko kuti, ivo vanofanirwa kunge vaine zvese, kubva padiki zvikanganiso muchikamu chimwe nechimwe kusvika kune yega dhatabhesi transaction. Uye kuitira kuti mushure mekukanganisa kwakanyorwa pakarepo kuti imwe nzira yekugadzirisa sei. Uye zvese izvi zvinofanirwa kukwana mune akati wandei megabytes, hapasisina. Ingori mameseji! Mafaira ezvinyorwa haakwanise kutora makumi emagigabytes, ndakazvinzwa pane imwe nzvimbo!

Saka matanda

Munyika chaiyo, matanda anongova archive yeruzivo rwekuongorora. Uye chii chekuchengeta ipapo, kwekuwana ruzivo rwekuchengetedza uye kuti runofanira kunge rwakadzama sei, zviri kune vanogadzira ivo pachavo kusarudza. Mumwe munhu anotevera nzira ye minimalism nekuchengeta marekodhi eiyo ON / OFF nhanho, uye mumwe munhu nekushingairira anotora zvese zvavanogona kusvika. Kunyange zvazvo kunewo sarudzo yepakati nekukwanisa kusarudza iyo inonzi Logging Level, apo iwe pachako unoratidza ruzivo rwakadzama rwaunoda kuchengeta uye kuti yakawanda sei disk space yaunayo =) VBR ine mazinga matanhatu akadaro, nenzira. Uye, nditende, iwe haudi kuona zvinoitika nekunyanya kutema matanda nenzvimbo yemahara pane diski yako.

Fine. Isu takanzwisisa zvatiri kuda kuchengetedza, asi mubvunzo unomuka: ndekupi ruzivo urwu kubva? Ehe, isu tinoumba chikamu chezviitiko zvekuzvitema isu nemaitiro edu emukati. Asi chii chaunofanira kuita kana pane kupindirana nemamiriro ekunze? Kuti isatsvedza mugomba remadondoro nemabhasikoro, Veeam haiwanzo gadzira zvigadzirwa zvakatogadzirwa. Pese painenge yakagadzirira-yakagadzirwa API, yakavakirwa-mukati basa, raibhurari, nezvimwewo, isu tinopa sarudzo kune dzakagadzirirwa-dzakagadzirwa sarudzo tisati tatanga kufenda yedu inonyengera mhinduro. Kunyangwe iyo yekupedzisira zvakare yakakwana. Naizvozvo, kana uchiongorora matanda, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise kuti chikamu cheshumba chekukanganisa chinowira pane meseji kubva kune wechitatu-bato APIs, system mafoni, uye mamwe maraibhurari. Muchiitiko ichi, basa reVBR rinouya pasi pakutumira zvikanganiso izvi kune sezvakaita mafaira elogi. Uye basa guru remushandisi nderokudzidza kunzwisisa kuti ndeupi mutsara unobva kunaani, uye kuti uyu "ndiani" ane basa rei. Saka kana kodhi yekukanganisa kubva kuVBR log ichikuendesa kune MSDN peji, zvakanaka uye ndizvozvo.

Sezvatakabvumirana kare: Veeam inonzi SQL-based application. Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvigadziriso zvese, ruzivo rwese uye mune zvese zvese zvinongodiwa pakuita zvakajairika - zvese zvinochengetwa mudura rayo. Saka chokwadi chakajeka: izvo zvisiri mumatanda zvinonyanya kuitika mudhatabhesi. Asi iyi haisi bara resirivha zvakare: zvimwe zvinhu hazvisi mumatanda emunharaunda eVeeam zvikamu, kana mudura rayo. Naizvozvo, iwe unofanirwa kudzidza kudzidza matanda evaenzi, matanda emuchina wemuno uye matanda ezvese zvinosanganisirwa mukuchengetedza uye kudzoreredza maitiro. Uye zvinoitikawo kuti ruzivo rwakakosha haruna kuwanika chero kupi zvako. Ndiyo nzira. 

Mimwe mienzaniso yemaAPI akadaro

Rondedzero iyi haina chinangwa chekuve yakakwana, saka hapana chikonzero chekutsvaga chokwadi chekupedzisira mairi. Chinangwa chayo ndechekuratidza chete anonyanya kuzivikanwa echitatu-bato APIs uye matekinoroji anoshandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvedu.

Ngatitangei nazvo VMWare. 

Chekutanga pane rondedzero chichava vSphere API. Inoshandiswa kuratidza huchokwadi, kuverenga iyo hierarchy, kugadzira uye kudzima snapshots, kukumbira ruzivo nezve michina, uye zvakawanda (zvakawanda) zvimwe. Iko kushanda kwemhinduro kwakakura kwazvo, saka ndinogona kukurudzira VMware vSphere API Reference yeshanduro. 5.5 и 6.0. Kune mamwe mavhezheni azvino, zvese zvinongo googled.

VIX API. Iyo yakasviba mashiripiti e hypervisor, iyo pane yakaparadzana kukanganisa list. VMware API yekushanda nemafaira pane iyo host pasina kubatana navo panetiweki. Musiyano wekupedzisira sarudzo kana iwe uchida kuisa faira mumushini umo pasina iri nani yekutaurirana nzira. Iko kurwadziwa uye kutambura kana faira yakakura uye muenzi akatakurwa. Asi pano mutemo unoshanda kuti kunyange 56,6 Kb / s iri nani pane 0 Kb / s. MuHyper-V, chinhu ichi chinonzi PowerShell Direct. Asi izvozvo zvakanga zvisati zvaitika

Purogiramu inonzi vSpehere Web Services Kutanga kubva vSphere 6.0 (inenge, sezvo API iyi yakatanga kuiswa pavhezheni 5.5) inoshandiswa kushanda nemichina yevaenzi uye yakatsiva VIX kunenge kwese kwese. Kutaura zvazviri, iyi imwe API yokutarisira vSphere. Kune avo vanofarira, ndinokurudzira kudzidza kukuru manual. 

VDDK (Virtual Disk Development Kit). Raibhurari, iyo yakakurukurwa zvishoma mune izvi chinyorwa. Inoshandiswa kuverenga virtual disks. Pane imwe nguva yaive chikamu cheVIX, asi nekufamba kwenguva yakaendeswa kune chimwe chigadzirwa. Asi semugari wenhaka, inoshandisa iwo macode ekukanganisa akafanana neVIX. Asi nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero, hapana tsananguro yezvikanganiso izvi muSDK pachayo. Naizvozvo, zvakaonekwa zvine simba kuti zvikanganiso zveVDDK nemamwe macode ingori dudziro kubva kubhinari kuenda kune decimal kodhi. Iyo ine zvikamu zviviri - hafu yekutanga ine ruzivo rusina kunyorwa nezve mamiriro, uye chikamu chechipiri ndeyechinyakare VIX / VDDK zvikanganiso. Somuenzaniso, kana tikaona:

VDDK error: 21036749815809.Unknown error

Zvadaro tinoshandura izvi neushingi kuti hex uye tiwane 132200000001. Isu tinongorasa kutanga kusina ruzivo kwe132200, uye yakasara ichava kodhi yedu yekukanganisa (VDDK 1: Chikanganiso chisingazivikanwi). Nezve zvinowanzoitika zvikanganiso zveVDDK, pakanga paine nguva pfupi yadarika yakaparadzana chinyorwa.

Zvino ngatitarisei Mahwindi.

Pano, zvese zvinonyanya kukosha uye zvakakosha kwatiri zvinogona kuwanikwa muyero Event Viewer. Asi pane imwe chete yekubata: maererano netsika refu, Windows haitore iyo yakazara chinyorwa chekukanganisa, asi nhamba yayo chete. Semuenzaniso, kukanganisa 5 ndiko "Kupinda kwarambwa", uye 1722 "Iyo RPC server haisi kuwanikwa", uye 10060 ndiyo "Kubatanidza nguva yapera". Ehe, zvakanaka kana ukarangarira ayo ane mukurumbira, asi zvakadini neasati aonekwa? 

Uye kuitira kuti hupenyu husaite sehuchi zvachose, zvikanganiso zvakare zvakachengetwa mune hexadecimal fomu, ine prefix 0x8007. Semuenzaniso, 0x8007000e ichokwadi gumi nemana, Kunze kweKurangarira. Izvi zvakaitirwei uye kunaani chakavanzika chakafukidzwa nerima. Nekudaro, rondedzero yakazara yezvikanganiso inogona kutorwa mahara uye pasina SMS kubva devcenter.

Nenzira, dzimwe nguva kune mamwe prefixes, kwete chete 0x8007. Mumamiriro ezvinhu anosiririsa kudaro, kuti unzwisise HRESULT ("mubato wemhedzisiro"), unofanirwa kuzama kudzika mukati. zvinyorwa zvevagadziri. Muhupenyu hwemazuva ose, ini handikurudzire kuti uite izvi, asi kana iwe ukangoerekana wakatsikirira kumadziro kana kuti uchingoda kuziva, ikozvino unoziva zvekuita.

Asi shamwari dzeMicrosoft dzakatinzwira tsitsi zvishoma uye dzakaratidza nyika chinhu chinobatsira ERR. Ichi chimedu chidiki chemufaro wekunyaradza unogona kushandura macode ekukanganisa mumunhu pasina kushandisa Google. Inoshanda seizvi.

C:UsersrootDesktop>err.exe 0x54f
# for hex 0x54f / decimal 1359
  ERROR_INTERNAL_ERROR                                           winerror.h
# An internal error occurred.
# as an HRESULT: Severity: SUCCESS (0), FACILITY_NULL (0x0), Code 0x54f
# for hex 0x54f / decimal 1359
  ERROR_INTERNAL_ERROR                                           winerror.h
# An internal error occurred.
# 2 matches found for "0x54f"

Mubvunzo wepamutemo unomuka: sei isu tisingabve tanyora decryption kumatanda, asi tisiye aya asinganzwisisike makodhi? Mhinduro iri mune yechitatu-bato zvikumbiro. Paunodhonza imwe WinAPI inozvidaidza iwe, hazvina kunetsa kutsanangura mhinduro yayo, nekuti kune yakakosha WinAPI kufona kweizvi. Asi sezvatotaurwa, zvese zvinongouya kwatiri mumhinduro zvinopinda mumatanda edu. Uye pano, kuti uzvigadzirise, munhu aifanira kugara achitarisisa rwizi urwu rwekuziva, dhonza zvidimbu zvine Windows zvikanganiso kubva pazviri, decrypt uye nekuzvinamira kumashure. Ngative vakatendeseka, kwete basa rinonyanya kunakidza.

Windows File Management API inoshandiswa munzira dzese dzinogoneka kana uchishanda nemafaira. Kugadzira mafaira, kudzima, kuvhura kunyora, kushanda nehunhu, zvichingodaro.

ataurwa pamusoro apa PowerShell Direct seanalogue yeVIX API munyika yeHyper-V. Nehurombo, haina kuchinjika: yakawanda zvirambidzo pakushanda, haishande neshanduro yese yemuiti uye kwete nevaenzi vese.

RPC (Remote Procedure Call) Handifunge kuti pane munhu mumwechete akamboshanda neWIndows asina kuona zvikanganiso zvine chekuita neRPC. Pasinei nekusaziva kwakakurumbira, iyi haisi imwechete protocol, asi chero mutengi-server protocol inogutsa huwandu hwema paramita. Nekudaro, kana paine RPC kukanganisa mumatanda edu, 90% yenguva ichave kukanganisa kubva kuMicrosoft RPC, inova chikamu cheDCOM (Distributed Component Object Model). Iwe unogona kuwana huwandu hukuru hwezvinyorwa pamusoro penyaya iyi pamambure, asi chikamu cheshumba chayo chakasakara. Asi kana paine chishuwo chakakomba chekudzidza musoro, ipapo ndinogona kukurudzira zvinyorwa Chii chinonzi RPC?, sei RPC Inoshanda uye runyorwa rurefu RPC kukanganisa.

Izvo zvinokonzeresa zvikanganiso zveRPC mumatanda edu zvakakundikana kuedza kutaurirana pakati peVBR zvikamu (server> proxy, semuenzaniso) uye kazhinji nekuda kwezvinetso zvekutaurirana.

Iyo yepamusoro yepamusoro pakati pepamusoro pese iko kukanganisa Iyo RPC server haisi kuwanikwa (1722). Nemashoko akareruka, mutengi haana kukwanisa kumisa kubatana neserver. Sei uye sei - hapana mhinduro imwe chete, asi kazhinji idambudziko nekutendeseka kana netiweki yekuwana pachiteshi 135. Iyo yekupedzisira inofananidzira kune zvivakwa zvine dynamic port assignment. Panyaya iyi, pane kunyange paradzanisa HF. Uye Microsoft ine voluminous guide kuwana chikonzero chekukundikana.

Chikanganiso chechipiri chakanyanya kufarirwa: Hapasisina magumo anowanikwa kubva kumagumo mapper (1753). Mutengi weRPC kana sevha yatadza kuzvipa chiteshi. Kazhinji zvinoitika kana sevha (yedu, muchina wevaenzi) wakagadziridzwa kugovera zvine simba zviteshi kubva kune yakamanikana yapera. Uye kana iwe ukapinda kubva kudivi remutengi (kwedu, sevha yeVBR), izvi zvinoreva kuti VeeamVssAgent yedu haina kutanga kana isina kunyoreswa seRPC interface. Panewo pamusoro penyaya iyi paradzanisa HF.

Zvakanaka, kupedzisa zvikanganiso zvePamusoro 3 RPC, ngatirangarire RPC basa rekufona rakakundikana (1726). Inotaridzika kana iyo yekubatanidza yakasimbiswa, asi zvikumbiro zveRPC hazvigadziriswe. Semuenzaniso, tinokumbira ruzivo pamusoro pemamiriro eVSS (kamwe kamwe ikozvino mugodhi wemumvuri uri kuitwa ipapo, uye tiri kuedza kukwira), uye mukupindura kwatiri, kunyarara uye kufuratira.

Windows Tape Backup API inodiwa kushanda nematepi maraibhurari kana madhiraivha. Sezvandambotaura pakutanga: isu hatifarire kunyora vatyairi vedu uye tozotambura nerutsigiro rwechigadzirwa chimwe nechimwe. Naizvozvo, vim haina chero madhiraivha ayo. Zvese kuburikidza neyakajairwa API, kutsigirwa kwayo kunoitwa nevashambadzi vehardware ivo pachavo. Zvakawanda zvine musoro, handiti?

SMB / CIFS Nekuda kwetsika, munhu wese anoanyora parutivi, kunyangwe asiri munhu wese anorangarira kuti CIFS (Common Internet File System) ingori yakavanzika vhezheni yeSMB (Server Message Block). Saka hapana chakaipa nekuita kuti pfungwa idzi dzive dzakakwana. Samba yatove LinuxUnix kuitiswa, uye ine zvayo zvayo, asi ini ndinokanganisa. Chii chakakosha apa: kana Veeam ichikumbira kunyora chimwe chinhu kuUNC nzira (serverdirectory), sevha inoshandisa hierarchy yevatyairi vefaira system, kusanganisira mup uye mrxsmb, kunyora kubhora. Saizvozvo, vatyairi ava vanozogadzirawo zvikanganiso.

Haikwanise kuita pasina Winsock API. Kana chimwe chinhu chichida kuitwa pamusoro petiweki, VBR inoshanda kuburikidza neWindows Socket API, inonyanya kuzivikanwa seWinsock. Saka kana tikaona boka re IP: Port murogi, izvi ndizvo. Zvinyorwa zvepamutemo zvine runyoro rwakanaka rwezvinobvira zvikanganiso.

ataurwa pamusoro apa WMI (Windows Management Instrumentation) imhando yeamasimba ese API yekutonga zvese uye wese munhu ari munyika yeWindows. Semuenzaniso, kana uchishanda neHyper-V, zvinenge zvese zvikumbiro kune muenzi zvinoenda nazvo. Mushoko, chinhu chacho hachidzokerike zvachose uye chine simba kwazvo mukugona kwayo. Mukuedza kubatsira kuziva kuti kupi uye chii chakaputsika, iyo yakavakirwa-mukati WBEMtest.exe chishandiso chinobatsira zvakanyanya.

Uye chekupedzisira pane rondedzero, asi kwete zvishoma mukukosha - ndima (Volume Shadow Storage). Musoro wacho hauperi uye haunzwisisike sekunyorwa kwakawanda kwakanyorwa pairi. Shadow Copy inonyanya kunzwisiswa seyakakosha mhando yesnapshot, iyo muchidimbu ndiyo. Kutenda kwaari, iwe unogona kugadzira-inopindirana backups muVMware, uye zvinenge zvese muHyper-V. Ndine hurongwa hwekuita chinyorwa chakaparadzana nekudzvanya paVSS, asi parizvino unogona kuedza kuverenga tsananguro iyi. Ingongwarira, nokuti. kuedza kunzwisisa VSS muchiedza kunogona kutungamirira kukukuvara kwehuropi.

Pane izvi, zvichida, tinogona kumira. Ndinofunga basa rekutsanangura zvinhu zvakakosha zvakapedzwa, saka muchitsauko chinotevera tichatotarisa matanda. Asi kana uine chero mibvunzo, inzwa wakasununguka kuvabvunza mumhinduro.

Source: www.habr.com