Browser fingerprint: chii, kuti inoshanda sei, ingave ichityora mutemo uye maitiro ekuzvidzivirira. Chikamu 2

Kubva kuSelectel: ichi chikamu chechipiri cheshanduro yechinyorwa nezve browser zvigunwe zvemunwe (unogona kuverenga yekutanga pano) Nhasi tichataura nezve pamutemo wechitatu-bato masevhisi uye mawebhusaiti anounganidza browser zvigunwe zvevashandisi vakasiyana uye kuti ungazvidzivirira sei kubva pakuunganidza ruzivo.

Saka zvakadini nezvemutemo wekuunganidza zvigunwe zvebrowser?

Takadzidza nyaya iyi zvakadzama, asi hatina kuwana mitemo chaiyo (tiri kutaura nezvemitemo yeUS - chinyorwa chemupepeti). Kana uchikwanisa kuziva chero mitemo inodzora kuunganidzwa kwebrowser mafingerprints munyika yako, ndapota tizivise.

Asi muEuropean Union pane mitemo nemirairo (kunyanya, GDPR uye ePrivacy Directive) inotonga kushandiswa kwebrowser zvigunwe zvemunwe. Izvi zviri pamutemo zvachose, asi chete kana sangano rinogona kuratidza kudiwa kwekuita basa rakadaro.

Pamusoro pezvo, mvumo yemushandisi inodiwa kushandisa ruzivo. Ichokwadi here, pane zvimwe zviviri kubva mutemo uyu:

• Kana browser yemunwe zvigunwe zvichidikanwa "chinangwa chega chekufambisa kutumira meseji pane network yemagetsi."
• Kana uchiunganidza browser zvigunwe zvigunwe zvinodikanwa kugadzirisa mushandisi interface yeimwe mudziyo. Semuyenzaniso, kana iwe uchisevha pawebhu kubva panharembozha, tekinoroji inoshandiswa kuunganidza nekuongorora munwe mubrowser kuti ikupe shanduro yakagadziridzwa.

Zvingangodaro, mitemo yakafanana inoshanda kune dzimwe nyika. Saka chakakosha pano ndechekuti sevhisi kana saiti inoda mvumo yemushandisi kuti ishande nebrowser zvigunwe.

Asi pane dambudziko - mubvunzo hausi wakajeka nguva dzose. Kazhinji, mushandisi anoratidzwa chete "Ndinobvumirana nemitemo yekushandisa" banner. Ehe, iyo banner inogara iine chinongedzo kune iwo mazwi pachawo. Asi ndiani anoaverenga?

Saka kazhinji mushandisi pachake anopa mvumo yekuunganidza zvigunwe zvebrowser uye kuongorora ruzivo urwu paanodzvanya bhatani rekuti "bvuma".

Edza mafingerprint ebrowser yako

Zvakanaka, pamusoro takakurukura kuti ndeapi data inogona kuunganidzwa. Asi zvakadini nemamiriro chaiwo - browser yako?

Kuti unzwisise kuti ndeupi ruzivo runogona kuunganidzwa nerubatsiro rwayo, nzira iri nyore ndeyekushandisa iyo sosi Info Midziyo. Ichakuratidza izvo zvinogona kuwanikwa nemunhu wekunze kubva kubrowser yako.

Ona runyoro urwu kuruboshwe? Handizvo zvoga, mamwe ese echinyorwa achaonekwa paunenge uchidzika pasi peji. Guta nedunhu hazviratidzirwe pachiratidziri nekuda kwekushandiswa kweVPN nevanyori.

Kune akati wandei mamwe mawebhusaiti anokubatsira iwe kuita browser yezvigunwe bvunzo. Izvi Panopticlick kubva kuEFF uye AmIUnique, open-source site.

Chii chinonzi Browser fingerprint entropy?

Uku ndiko kuongorora kwekusiyana kwebrowser yako zvigunwe zvemunwe. Iyo yakakwira iyo entropy kukosha, iyo yakakwirira iyo yakasarudzika yebrowser.

Iyo entropy yezvigunwe zvebrowser inoyerwa mumabhiti. Unogona kutarisa chiratidzo ichi pane Panopticlick webhusaiti.

Miedzo iyi ndeyechokwadi zvakadii?

Kazhinji, ivo vanogona kuvimbwa nekuti vanounganidza chaiyo data senge yechitatu-bato zviwanikwa. Izvi zvinodaro kana tikaongorora kuunganidzwa kweruzivo point nepoint.

Kana tikataura nezve kuongorora kusarudzika, saka hazvisi zvese zvakanaka pano, uye hechi chikonzero:

• Mawebhusaiti ekuyedza haatore akafunga zvigunwe zvigunwe, izvo zvinogona kuwanikwa, semuenzaniso, uchishandisa Brave Nightly.
• Saiti dzakaita sePanopticlick neAmIUnique dzine matura edata akakura ane ruzivo nezvemabhurawuza ekare uye echinyakare ane vashandisi vakaongororwa. Saka kana iwe ukatora bvunzo nebrowser nyowani, unogona kuwana yakakwira zvibodzwa zvekusiyana kwezvigunwe zvako, zvisinei nekuti mazana evamwe vashandisi vari kumhanyisa vhezheni imwe chete yebrowser sewe.
• Chekupedzisira, ivo havatore muakaundi screen resolution kana browser hwindo resizing. Semuenzaniso, mavara anogona kunge akakurisa kana kuti diki, kana kuti ruvara runogona kuita kuti zvinyorwa zviome kuverenga. Chero chikonzero, bvunzo hadzizvifungidzire.

Kazhinji, mafingerprint akasiyana bvunzo haana maturo. Zvakakodzera kuvaedza kuti uwane yako entropy level. Asi zvakanaka kungoongorora kuti ndeupi ruzivo rwauri kupa "kunze".

Nzira yekuzvidzivirira sei kubva kubrowser fingerprinting (nzira dziri nyore)

Zvakakodzera kutaura ipapo ipapo kuti hazvizogone kuvharira zvachose kuumbwa uye kuunganidzwa kwebrowser zvigunwe zvemunwe - iyi ndiyo yakakosha tekinoroji. Kana iwe uchida kuzvidzivirira pachako 100%, iwe unongoda kusashandisa iyo Internet.

Asi huwandu hweruzivo rwakaunganidzwa nevechitatu-bato masevhisi uye zviwanikwa zvinogona kuderedzwa. Apa ndipo panozobatsira maturusi aya.

Firefox browser ine magadzirirwo akagadziridzwa

Iyi bhurawuza yakanaka kwazvo kuchengetedza data remushandisi. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, vanogadzira vakadzivirira vashandisi veFirefox kubva kune wechitatu bato rekudhindisa zvigunwe.

Asi mwero wekudzivirira unogona kuwedzerwa. Kuti uite izvi, unofanirwa kuenda kune zvigadziriso zvebrowser yako nekuisa "zve: config" mubhari yekero. Wobva wasarudza uye shandura zvinotevera sarudzo:

• webgl.disabled - sarudza "chokwadi".
• geo.enured — sarudza “nhema”.
• privacy.resistFingerprinting - sarudza "chokwadi". Iyi sarudzo inopa nhanho yekutanga yekudzivirira kubva kubrowser zvigunwe zvemunwe. Asi inonyanya kushanda pakusarudza dzimwe sarudzo kubva pakurongwa.
• privacy.firstparty.isolate - shandura ku "chokwadi". Iyi sarudzo inobvumidza iwe kuvharira makuki kubva kune yekutanga-bato madomasi.
• media.peerconnection.enabled - sarudzo yekusarudza, asi kana ukashanda neVPN, zvakakodzera kusarudza. Inoita kuti zvikwanise kudzivirira kudonha kweWebRTC uye kuratidzwa kweIP yako.

Brave Browser

Imwe browser ine mushandisi-inoshamwaridzika uye inopa yakakomba dziviriro yedata rako. Iyo bhurawuza inovharira marudzi akasiyana-siyana ematracker, inoshandisa HTTPS pese pazvinogoneka, uye inovhara zvinyorwa.

Pamusoro pezvo, Brave inokupa iwe kugona kuvhara akawanda browser ekudhinda zvigunwe maturusi.

Isu takashandisa Panopticlick kufungidzira iyo entropy level. Kuenzaniswa neOpera, yakazoita 16.31 bits pachinzvimbo che17.89. Musiyano hausi mukuru, asi uchiripo.

Vashandisi vakashinga vakurudzira nzira dzakasiyana dzekudzivirira kubva kubrowser zvigunwe zvemunwe. Pane zvakawanda zvekuti hazvibviri kuzvinyora muchinyorwa chimwe. All details inowanikwa paGithub yeprojekiti.

Specialized browser extensions

Mawedzero inyaya inonzwisa tsitsi nekuti dzimwe nguva inowedzera kusarudzika kwebrowser's fingerprint. Kuti uzvishandise here kana kuti kwete isarudzo yemushandisi.

Hezvino zvatingakurudzira:

• Chameleon -kugadziriswa kwemaitiro emushandisi-mumiririri. Iwe unogona kuseta iyo frequency kune "kamwe chete maminetsi gumi", semuenzaniso.
• Trace - dziviriro kubva kumhando dzakasiyana dzekuunganidza zvigunwe.
• User-Agent Switcher - anoita zvakafanana neChameleon.
• Canvasblocker - dziviriro kubva pakuunganidza zvigunwe zvedhijitari kubva pacanvas.

Zviri nani kushandisa imwe yekuwedzera pane zvese kamwechete.

Tor browser pasina Tor Network

Iko hakuna chikonzero chekutsanangura paHabré kuti Tor browser chii. Nekumisikidza, inopa akati wandei maturusi kuchengetedza data rako pachako:

• HTTPS chero kupi uye kwese.
• NoScript.
• Kuvhara WebGl.
• Kuvharisa mufananidzo wecanvas.
• Kuchinja OS vhezheni.
• Kuvharira ruzivo nezve nguva yenguva uye marongero emutauro.
• Mamwe mabasa ese ekuvharisa maturusi ekutarisa.

Asi iyo Tor network hainakidze sebrowser pachayo. Ndosaka:

• Inoshanda zvishoma nezvishoma. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kune zviuru zvitanhatu maseva, asi nezve 6 miriyoni vashandisi.
• Nzvimbo dzakawanda dzinovhara Tor traffic, dzakadai seNetflix.
• Kune kuburitswa kweruzivo rwemunhu, chimwe chezvakanyanya kuitika muna 2017.
• Tor ine hukama hunoshamisa nehurumende yeUS - inogona kunzi kubatana kwepedyo. Mukuwedzera, hurumende ine mari inotsigira Tor.
• Unogona kubatana ne attacker's node.

Kazhinji, zvinokwanisika kushandisa Tor browser pasina Tor network. Izvi hazvisi nyore kuita, asi nzira yacho inowanikwa. Basa nderekugadzira mafaera maviri anozodzima iyo Tor network.

Nzira yakanakisa yekuita izvi iri muNotepad ++. Ivhure uye wedzera mitsara inotevera kune yekutanga tab:

pref('general.config.filename', 'firefox.cfg');
pref('general.config.obscure_value', 0);

Wobva waenda kuGadzirisa - EOL Conversion, sarudza Unix (LF) uye chengetedza faira se autoconfig.js muTor Browser/defaults/pref directory.

Wobva wavhura tebhu nyowani wokopa mitsara iyi:

//
lockPref('network.proxy.type', 0);
lockPref('network.proxy.socks_remote_dns', nhema);
lockPref('extensions.torlauncher.start_tor', nhema);

Zita refaira ndere firefox.cfg, rinoda kuchengetwa muTor Browser/Browser.

Iye zvino zvinhu zvose zvagadzirira. Mushure mekutanga, browser icharatidza kukanganisa, asi iwe unogona kufuratira izvi.

Uye hongu, kudzima network hakuzokanganisa browser zvigunwe neimwe nzira. Panopticlick inoratidza entropy level ye10.3 bits, iri shoma pane neBrave browser (yaive 16,31 bits).

Mafaira ataurwa pamusoro anogona kutorwa kubva pano.

Muchikamu chechitatu uye chekupedzisira, tichataura nezve dzimwe nzira dzakaomarara dzekudzima kuongorora. Isu tichakurukurawo nyaya yekudzivirira data remunhu uye rumwe ruzivo uchishandisa VPN.

Source: www.habr.com