Kwaziso kuvaverengi vedu veblog! Isu tatozivana - zvinyorwa zvangu zvemutauro weChirungu zvakabuda pano zvakaturikirwa nemudikani wandinoshanda naye . Panguva ino ndakasarudza kutaura zvakananga kuvateereri vanotaura mutauro wokuRussia.
Kune yangu yekutanga, ini ndaida kutsvaga musoro ungave unonakidza kune vakakura kwazvo vateereri uye unoda kutariswa kwakadzama. Daniel Defoe akapikisa kuti rufu nemitero zvakamirira munhu wose. Kune chikamu changu, ndinogona kutaura kuti chero mainjiniya ekutsigira achave nemibvunzo nezve kudzoreredza nzvimbo yekuchengetedza marongero (kana, zviri nyore, kuchengetedza). Ndakatanga kutsanangura kuti kuchengetedza kunoshanda sei makore 4 apfuura, semudzidzi wejunior injiniya wekutanga, uye ini ndinoramba ndichitsanangura iye zvino, ndatove semutungamiri weboka rinotaura chiSpanish neItaly. Ndine chokwadi chekuti vandinoshanda navo kubva yechipiri uye kunyangwe yechitatu nhanho yerutsigiro zvakare vanogara vachipindura mibvunzo yakafanana.
Muchiedza ichi, ndaida kunyora yekupedzisira, seyakadzama positi sezvinobvira, iyo vashandisi vanotaura chiRussia vaigona kudzoka zvakare uye zvakare sebhuku rekutarisa. Iyo nguva ndeyechokwadi - iyo ichangoburwa yegumi yemakore vhezheni yakawedzera maficha matsva kune ekutanga mashandiro ayo akange asina kushanduka kwemakore. Chinyorwa changu chakanangana neshanduro iyi - kunyangwe zvizhinji zvakanyorwa ndezvechokwadi kune dzakapfuura shanduro, haungangowana mamwe eakatsanangurwa mashandiro ipapo. Pakupedzisira, kutarisa zvishoma mune ramangwana, ndichataura kuti dzimwe shanduko dzinotarisirwa mushanduro inotevera, asi isu tichakuudza pamusoro peizvi kana nguva yasvika. Saka ngatitangei.
Backup mabasa
Kutanga, ngatitarisei chikamu chisina kushanduka mushanduro 10. Iyo yekuchengeta mutemo inotarwa neanoverengeka paramita. Ngativhure hwindo rekugadzira basa idzva uye enda kune Kuchengeta tab. Pano tichaona parameter inosarudza nhamba inodiwa yekudzorera mapoinzi:
Nekudaro, ichi chingori chikamu cheiyo equation. Iyo chaiyo nhamba yemapoinzi inotemerwawo neiyo backup modhi yakatarwa yebasa racho. Kuti usarudze sarudzo iyi, tinya pakanzi Advanced pane imwechete tab. Izvi zvinovhura hwindo idzva rine zvakawanda zvingasarudzwa. Ngativerengei tofunga nezvavo chimwe nechimwe:
Kana iwe ukagonesa chete sarudzo 1, basa racho rinomhanya mu "nekusingaperi kumberi kwekuwedzera" modhi. Iko hakuna kuomerwa pano - iro basa rinochengetedza iyo yakatarwa nhamba yekudzoreredza mapoinzi kubva kuzere backup (faira ine VBK yekuwedzera) kune yekupedzisira kuwedzera (faira ine VIB yekuwedzera). Kana iyo nhamba yemapoinzi ikadarika kukosha kwakatarwa, iyo yekare increment ichabatanidzwa neiyo yakazara backup. Mune mamwe mazwi, kana basa rakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza mapoinzi matatu, ipapo pakarepo mushure mechikamu chinotevera pachava nemapoinzi mana pane repository, mushure meiyo backup yakazara ichabatanidzwa neyekare kuwedzera uye huwandu hwese hwemapoinzi huchadzokera 3.
Kuchengeta kwe "reverse incremental" modhi (sarudzo 2) zvakare iri nyore kwazvo. Sezvo muchiitiko ichi poindi nyowani ichave yakazara backup, ichiteverwa neketani yezvinonzi rollbacks (mafaira ane VRB yekuwedzera), ipapo kuisa chengetedzo zvakakwana kungodzima yekare rollback. Mamiriro acho achave akafanana: pakarepo mushure memusangano, nhamba yezvibodzwa ichapfuura kukosha kwakatarwa ne1, mushure mezvo ichadzokera kune yaidiwa kukosha.
Ndokumbira utarise kuti nereverse-incremental mode iwe unogona zvakare kugonesa periodic yakazara backups (sarudzo 4), asi izvi hazvishandure essence. Ehe, mapoinzi ekudzoreredza akazara achaonekwa mumaketani, asi isu tichangodzima mapoinzi ekare rimwe nerimwe.
Pakupedzisira, tinouya kune chikamu chinonakidza. Kana iwe ukamisa backup yekuwedzera, asi nekuwedzera gonesa sarudzo 3 kana 4 (kana zvese panguva imwe chete), basa rinotanga kugadzira nguva nenguva yakazara backups uchishandisa "inoshanda" kana yekugadzira nzira. Iyo nzira yekugadzira yakazara backup haina kukosha - ichave iine data rakafanana, uye ketani yekuwedzera ichakamurwa kuita "subchains". Iyi nzira inodaidzwa kumberi kuwedzera, uye ndiyo nzira iyi inomutsa chikamu chakakosha chemibvunzo kubva kune vatengi vedu.
Kuchengeta kunoshandiswa pano nekudzima chikamu chekare checheni (kubva pakuchengetedza kwakazara kusvika pakuwedzera). Panguva imwecheteyo, isu hatisi kuzodzima chete backup yakazara kana chikamu chekuwedzera. Iyo yose "subchain" inobviswa zvachose kamwechete. Zvinoreva kuisa nhamba yezvibodzwa zvakare zvinoshanduka - kana mune dzimwe nzira iyi ndiyo nhamba yepamusoro inobvumirwa, mushure mezvo kuchengetwa kunofanira kushandiswa, saka pano ichi chigadziro chinotarisa nhamba shoma. Mune mamwe mazwi, mushure mekubvisa yekare "subchain", nhamba yemapoinzi muchikamu chasara haifanire kuwira pasi peiyi hushoma.
Ini ndichaedza kuratidza pfungwa iyi zvakajeka. Ngatitii kuchengetwa kwacho kwakaiswa kumapoinzi matatu, basa rinomhanya zuva rega rega nesevha yakazara neMuvhuro. Kuchengeta munyaya iyi kuchashandiswa kana huwandu hwemapoinzi hwasvika pagumi:
Sei patova ne10 pavakaisa 3? Chengetedzo yakazara yakagadzirwa neMuvhuro. Kubva Chipiri kusvika Svondo basa rakagadzira kuwedzera. Pakupedzisira, Muvhuro unotevera backup yakazara inogadzirwa zvakare uye chete kana 2 increments yagadzirwa inogona kupedzisira iyo yese yekare chikamu checheni ichibviswa, nekuti iyo yasara nhamba yemapoinzi haizodonha pasi peseti 3.
Kana iyo pfungwa yakajeka, saka ini ndinokurudzira kuti uedze kuverenga kuchengetedza iwe pachako. Ngatitorei mamiriro anotevera: basa rinotangwa kekutanga musi weChina (zvakasikwa, kuchengetedza kwakazara kuchaitwa). Basa rakagadzirirwa kugadzira backup yakazara neChitatu neSvondo uye kuchengeta 8 mapoinzi ekudzoreredza. Kuchengeta kuchashandiswa riini kekutanga?
Kuti upindure mubvunzo uyu, ndinokurudzira kuti utore bepa, rongedza nezuva revhiki uye nyora pasi iyo pfungwa inogadzirwa zuva rega rega. Mhinduro ichava pachena
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Tsanangudzo: kupindura, ingozvibvunza kuti "kuchengeta kuchashandiswa rinhi"? Mhinduro ndeyokuti patinokwanisa kubvisa mapoinzi matatu ekutanga (VBK, VIB, VIB) uye mamwe macheni haawire pasi pemapoinzi masere. Zvinova pachena kuti tichakwanisa kuita izvi kana tave nemapoinzi gumi nerimwe pamwe chete, kureva, neSvondo yevhiki rechipiri.
Vamwe vaverengi vangapikisa vachiti: βsei uchiita zvese izvi kana zviripo ?. Hapana mubvunzo kuti ichi chishandiso chinobatsira kwazvo, uye mune dzimwe nguva ndaichishandisa, asi chinewo chinogumira. Chokutanga pane zvose, hazvikubvumiri kuti utaure mamiriro ekutanga, uye mumatambudziko akawanda mubvunzo ndewokuti "tine cheni yakadaro, chii chichaitika kana tikashandura marongero akadaro uye akadai?" Chechipiri, chishandiso chichiri kushaya kujeka. Kuratidza peji reRPS kune vatengi, handina kuwana chero kunzwisisa, asi ndakaipenda semuenzaniso (kunyangwe kushandisa Pendi imwechete), zuva nezuva, zvese zvakabuda pachena.
Chekupedzisira, isu hatina kufunga nezve "Shandura cheni dzekuchengetedza dzakapfuura kuita rollbacks" sarudzo (yakanyorwa nenhamba 5). Iyi sarudzo dzimwe nguva inovhiringa vatengi vanoimisa "otomatiki", vachida kungogonesa backup yekugadzira. Zvichakadaro, iyi sarudzo inomutsa yakasarudzika nzira yekuchengetedza. Pasina kupinda muhuwandu, ini ndichabva ndataura kuti panguva ino yekugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa, "Shandura cheni dzekuchengetedza dzakapfuura kuita ma rollback" isarudzo yechinyakare, uye handigone kufunga nezve imwe chete mamiriro painofanirwa kushandiswa. Kukosha kwaro kwakanyanyisa zvokuti kwenguva yakati Anton Gostev pachake akadana kuburikidza neforamu, achikumbira kumutumira mienzaniso yekushandiswa kwayo kunobatsira (kana iwe unayo, nyora mumashoko, ndinofarira zvikuru). Kana pasina (ndinofunga kuti izvi zvichave zvakadaro), saka sarudzo ichabviswa mune ramangwana shanduro.
Iro basa richagadzira kuwedzera (VIB) kusvika zuva iro rekugadzira rakazara backup rakarongwa. Pazuva rino, VBK inogadzirwa chaizvo, asi mapoinzi ese pamberi peVBK iyi anoshandurwa kuita rollbacks (VRB). Mushure meizvi, basa rinoenderera mberi nekugadzira kuwedzera kune yakazara backup kusvika inotevera synthetic backup. Nekuda kweizvozvo, musanganiswa unoputika weVBK, VBR uye VIB mafaera anogadzirwa mumaketani. Kuchengeta kunoshandiswa zviri nyore - nekubvisa VBR yekupedzisira:
Matambudziko
Kunze kwekunyatsonzwisisa kuti inoshanda sei, mazhinji ematambudziko anomuka kana uchishandisa incremental mode anowanzo kubatanidzwa neiyo yakazara backup. Yenguva dzose yakazara backups inodiwa kune iyi modhi, zvikasadaro repository ichaunganidza mapoinzi kusvika yazara.
Semuenzaniso, backup yakazara inogona kugadzirwa kashoma. Ngatitii basa rakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza mapoinzi gumi, uye backup yakazara inogadzirwa kamwe chete pamwedzi. Zviri pachena kuti nhamba chaiyo yemapoinzi pano ichave yakakura zvakanyanya kupfuura inoratidzwa. Kana kuti basa racho rinowanzoiswa kuti rishande mune zvisingaite yekuwedzera modhi uye kuchengeta makumi mashanu mapoinzi. Zvino mumwe munhu netsaona akagadzira backup yakazara. Ndizvozvo, kubva zvino zvichienda mberi basa richamirira kusvikira iyo yakazara pfungwa yaunganidza 10 increments, mushure mezvo inoshandisa kuchengetedza uye kudzokera kune isingagumi yakazara mode.
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kuchengetedza kwakakwana kunogadzirirwa kugadzirwa nguva dzose, asi nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero haiti. Ini ndichanyora chikonzero chinonyanya kufarirwa pano. Vamwe vatengi vanosarudza kushandisa iyo "run after" yekuronga sarudzo uye kugadzirisa mabasa kuti ashande mucheni. Ngatitorei muenzaniso uyu: kune mabasa matatu anomhanya zuva rega rega uye kugadzira backup yakazara neSvondo. Basa rekutanga rinotanga pa3, mamwe ese anotangwa neketani. Kuwedzera backup kunotora maminetsi gumi, uye nekudaro na22.30 mabasa ese anopedza kushanda. Asi kuchengetedza kwakazara kunotora awa, saka neSvondo zvinotevera zvinoitika: basa rekutanga rinotanga kubva 10 kusvika 23.00. Zvadaro kubva 22.30 kusvika 23.30. Asi basa rechitatu rinotanga neMuvhuro. Backup yakazara yakarongerwa Svondo, saka mune iyi kesi hazvizoitike. Basa racho rinomirira kuchengetedza kwakazara kuti ishandise kuchengetedza. Saka chenjera kana uchishandisa iyo "run after" sarudzo kana kusaishandisa zvachose - ingoseta mabasa kuti atange panguva imwe chete uye rega resource schedule iite basa rayo.
Iyo yakaoma sarudzo "Bvisa zvinhu zvakadzimwa"
Wapfuura nepakati pezvirongwa zvebasa Kuchengeta - Yepamberi - Kugadzirisa, unogona kusangana nesarudzo "bvisa zvakadzimwa data data mushure", inogona kuverengerwa mumazuva.
Vamwe vatengi vanotarisira kuti izvi zvichange zvichichengetwa. Kutaura zvazviri, iyi isarudzo yakasiyana zvachose, kusanzwisisana kwayo kunogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro isingatarisirwi. Nekudaro, chekutanga pane zvese, isu tinofanirwa kutsanangura kuti B&R inoita sei kumamiriro ezvinhu apo chete michina mishoma inotsigirwa zvinobudirira panguva yechikamu.
Ngatimbofungidzirai mamiriro aya: basa risingaperi rinowedzera rakagadzirirwa kuchengeta 6 mapoinzi. Pane michina miviri mubasa racho, imwe inogara ichitsigirwa zvinobudirira, imwe yacho dzimwe nguva yaipa zvikanganiso. Nekuda kweizvozvo, padanho rechinomwe mamiriro anotevera akamuka:
Nguva yekushandisa kuchengetedza, asi imwe mota ine 7 mapoinzi, uye imwe chete 4. Kuchengeta kuchashandiswa here? Mhinduro ndeyokuti hongu, zvichadaro. Kana chinhu chimwe chete chakatsigirwa, B&R inoona kuti poindi yagadzirwa.
Mamiriro akafanana anogona kuitika kana mumwe muchina waive usina kuverengerwa mubasa panguva yeimwe chikamu. Izvi zvinoitika, semuenzaniso, kana michina yakawedzerwa kune basa kwete yega, asi sechikamu chemidziyo (maforodha, chengetedzo) uye imwe muchina inotamira kune imwe mudziyo kwenguva pfupi. Muchiitiko ichi, basa racho richaonekwa serakabudirira, asi muhuwandu uchawana meseji ichikukumbira kuti uteerere kuti muchina wakadaro uye wakadaro hauchagadziriswi nebasa racho.
Chii chichaitika kana iwe ukasateerera kune izvi? Panyaya yezvisingagumi-zvinowedzera kana kuti reverse-incremental modes, nhamba yekudzorera mapepa emushini we "dambudziko" ichaderera nechikamu chimwe nechimwe kusvikira yasvika 1, yakachengetwa muVBK. Mune mamwe mazwi, kunyange kana muchina wacho usina kutsigirwa kwenguva yakareba, imwe nzvimbo yekudzorera icharamba iripo. Mamiriro acho akasiyana kana periodic yakazara backups yakagoneswa. Kana iwe ukaregeredza masaini kubva kuB&R, iyo yekupedzisira poindi inogona kupedzisira yadzimwa pamwe nechikamu chekare chetani.
Sezvo wanzwisisa izvi zvakadzama, unogona pakupedzisira kufunga nezve "Bvisa zvinhu zvakadzimwa data mushure" sarudzo. Ichadzima mapoinzi ese emuchina chaiwo kana muchina iwoyo usina kutsigirwa kwemazuva X. Ndokumbira utarise kuti kuseta uku hakupindure kune zvikanganiso (wakaedza, asi hazvina kushanda). Hapafanirwe kuve nekuyedza kuchengetedza muchina. Zvingaita sekuti sarudzo inobatsira uye inofanirwa kugara ichigoneswa. Kana maneja akabvisa muchina kubva pabasa, saka mushure meimwe nguva zvine musoro kubvisa ketani ye data risingakoshi. Nekudaro, kugadzirisa kunoda chirango uye kutarisirwa.
Rega ndikupe muenzaniso kubva pakuita: midziyo yakati wandei yakawedzerwa kune iyo basa, iyo kuumbwa kwayo yaive yakasimba. Nekuda kwekushaikwa kweRAM, sevha yeB&R yanga ichisangana nematambudziko asina kuoneka. Basa racho rakatanga uye rakaedza kuita kuchengetedza kwemichina, kunze kweimwe, iyo panguva iyoyo yakanga isipo mumudziyo. Sezvo michina mizhinji yakagadzira zvikanganiso, nekusarudzika B&R inofanirwa kuita katatu kuyedza kuchengetedza "dambudziko" michina. Nekuda kwematambudziko enguva dzose ne RAM, kuedza uku kwakagara kwemazuva akati wandei. Pakanga pasina kudzokororwa kuedza kuita backup yeVM yakarasika (kusavapo kweVM hakusi kukanganisa). Somugumisiro, pane imwe yekuedza kwakadzokororwa, "Bvisa zvinhu zvakadzimwa" zvakasangana uye mapepa ose pamushini akabviswa.
Nezve izvi, ndinogona kutaura zvinotevera: kana uine zviziviso zvakamisikidzwa nezve mhedzisiro yebasa, uye kunyangwe zvirinani, shandisa kusanganisa neVeeam ONE, saka kazhinji izvi hazvizoitike kwauri. Kana iwe ukatarisa sevha yeB&R kamwechete pasvondo kutarisa kuti zvese zviri kushanda, saka zviri nani kuramba sarudzo dzinogona kutungamira mukudzimwa kwe backups.
Zvakawedzerwa mundima.10
Zvatakambotaura nezvazvo zvakavapo muB&R kune akawanda mavhezheni. Sezvo tanzwisisa misimboti yekushandisa iyi, ngatitarisei izvo zvakawedzerwa kune yegore "gumi".
Kuchengetwa kwezuva nezuva
Pamusoro takatarisa iyo "classical" yekuchengetedza mutemo zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemapoinzi. Imwe nzira ndeyekuisa "mazuva" pachinzvimbo che "kudzorera mapoinzi" mune imwecheteyo menyu.
Pfungwa yacho yakajeka kubva pazita - kuchengetwa kuchachengeta mazuva akatarwa, asi nhamba yemapoinzi muzuva rega rega haina basa. Muchiitiko ichi, unofanira kuyeuka zvinotevera:
- Zuva razvino harina kuverengerwa kana uchiverenga kuchengetedza
- Mazuva ayo basa risina kushanda zvachose anoverengwawo. Izvi zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuitira kuti usarasikirwa netsaona mapfundo eaya mabasa anoshanda zvisina kurongwa.
- Nzvimbo yekudzoreredza inoverengwa kubva pazuva rakatanga kusikwa (kureva kana basa rakatanga kushanda neMuvhuro uye rakapera neChipiri, saka iyi ndiyo poindi kubva Muvhuro)
Zvikasadaro, misimboti yekushandisa chengetedzo nemabasa inotemerwawo neyakasarudzwa nzira yekuchengetedza. Ngatiedzei rimwe basa rekuverenga tichishandisa nzira imwechete yekuwedzera. Ngatitii kuchengetwa kwakagadzirirwa kwemazuva masere, basa rinomhanya maawa matanhatu ega ega ane backup yakazara neChitatu. Zvisinei, basa racho harishandi neSvondo. Basa rinoitwa neMuvhuro kekutanga. Kuchengetedza kuchashandiswa riini?
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Senguva dzose, zviri nani kudhirowa chiratidzo. Ini ndichazvibvumira kurerutsa basa racho uye handizodhirowa ese mapoinzi akagadzirirwa zuva rega rega, nekuti nhamba yemapoinzi pazuva haina basa pano. Izvo zvakakosha chete kwatiri kuti paMuvhuro wekutanga uye neChitatu poindi yekutanga ichave yakazara backup, asi pamazuva asara basa rinongogadzira 4 mapoinzi ekuwedzera.
Isu tinojekesa kuti chengetedzo ichashandiswa nekudzima Muvhuro wakazara backup uye kuwedzera kwayo. Izvi zvichaitika rini? Kana iyo yese yeketani ine mazuva masere. Panguva imwecheteyo, hativerenge zuva razvino, asi pane zvinopesana, tinoverenga Svondo. Nokudaro, mhinduro ndiChina chevhiki yechipiri.
GFS kuchengetedza mabasa enguva dzose
Isati yasvika v.10, Sekuru-Baba-Mwanakomana (GFS) nzira yekuchengetedza yaingowanikwa yeBasa kopi mabasa uye tepi kopi mabasa. Ikozvino yave kuwanikwa kune yenguva dzose backup.
Kunyangwe izvi zvisingaenderane nemusoro wenyaya, ini handigone kubatsira asi kutaura kuti kushanda kutsva hakureve kubuda kubva ku3-2-1 zano. Kuvapo kwenzvimbo dzekuchengetera zvinhu munzvimbo huru yekuchengetera hakuiti chero nzira ipi zvayo kukanganisa kuvimbika kwayo. Zvinonzwisiswa kuti GFS ichashandiswa pamwe chete neScale-out repository kurodha aya mapoinzi kuS3 uye zvimwe zvakachengetwa. Kana iwe usingaishandise, saka zviri nani kuramba uchichengeta mapoinzi uye archive mapoinzi mune akasiyana repositori.
Zvino ngatitarisei misimboti yekugadzira mapoinzi eGFS. Muzvirongwa zvebasa, padanho reKuchengeta, bhatani rakakosha rakaonekwa rinodaidza iyi inotevera menyu:
Izvo zvakakosha zveGFS zvinogona kubikwa kusvika kune akati wandei (ona kuti GFS inoshanda zvakasiyana mune mamwe marudzi emabasa, asi zvimwe pane izvo gare gare):
- Iro basa harigadziri yakaparadzana yakazara yakazara yeiyo GFS poindi. Pane kudaro, iyo yakakwana yakazara yakazara backup iripo ichashandiswa. Naizvozvo, basa rinofanirwa kushanda mukuwedzera modhi neperiodic yakazara backups, kana yakazara backup inofanirwa kugadzirwa nemaoko nemushandisi.
- Kana nguva imwe chete yakagoneswa (somuenzaniso, vhiki), ipapo pakutanga kwenguva yeGFS basa rinongotanga kumirira kudzoreredzwa kwakazara uye kumaka yekutanga yakakodzera seGFS.
Muenzaniso: basa rakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza GFS yevhiki nevhiki uchishandisa backup neChitatu. Iro basa rinomhanya zuva rega rega, asi backup yakazara yakarongerwa Chishanu. Muchiitiko ichi, nguva yeGFS ichatanga musi weChitatu uye basa richatanga kumirira nzvimbo yakakodzera. Ichaonekwa neChishanu uye ichaiswa chiratidzo cheGFS mureza.
- Kana nguva dzinoverengeka dzakabatanidzwa kamwechete (somuenzaniso, vhiki nevhiki uye pamwedzi), ipapo B&R ichashandisa nzira inobvumira iyo imwe pfungwa kuti ishandiswe seGFS yenguva dzakati wandei (kuchengetedza nzvimbo). Mireza ichagoverwa mukurongeka, kutanga nemuduku.
Muenzaniso: GFS yevhiki nevhiki inogadzirirwa Chitatu, uye GFS yepamwedzi inogadzirirwa vhiki yekupedzisira yemwedzi. Iro basa rinomhanya zuva rega rega uye rinogadzira yakazara backups neMuvhuro neChishanu.
Kuti zvive nyore, ngatitange kuverenga kubva pasvondo rekupedzisira remwedzi. Vhiki rino backup yakazara ichagadzirwa nemusi weMuvhuro, asi icharegeredzwa nekuti nguva yevhiki yeGFS inotanga neChitatu. Asi Chishanu chekuchengetedza chizere chakanyatsokodzera iyo GFS poindi. Hurongwa uhu hwakatozivikanwa kwatiri.
Zvino ngatitarisei zvinoitika musvondo rekupedzisira remwedzi. Nguva yemwedzi yeGFS ichatanga neMuvhuro, asi VBK yeMuvhuro haizonyorwa seGFS nekuti basa rinotsvaga kumaka VBK imwe seyepamwedzi uye yevhiki nevhiki GFS. Muchiitiko ichi, kutsvaga kunotanga nevhiki nevhiki, nokuti netsanangudzo inogonawo kuva iyo yemwedzi.
Nekudaro, kana iwe ukangobatanidza nguva dzevhiki uye dzepagore chete, ivo vanozoita vakazvimiririra uye vanogona kumaka maviri akapatsanurwa maVBK seanoenderana neGFS nguva.
Chengetedza kopi mabasa
Imwe mhando yebasa inowanzoda kujekeswa nezvebasa racho. Chekutanga, ngatitarisei nzira yebasa yeβclassicβ, isina hutsva v.10
Nzira yekuchengeta iri nyore
Nekutadza, mabasa akadaro anomhanya mune isingaperi incremental mode. Kusikwa kwemapoinzi kunotemerwa nemaparamita maviri - nguva yekukopa uye nhamba inodiwa yekudzoreredza mapoinzi (hapana kuchengetwa nezuva pano). Nguva yekukopa inoiswa pane yekutanga Jobho tebhu paunenge uchigadzira basa:
Huwandu hwemapoinzi hunotemerwa zvishoma mberi pane Target tab
Basa racho rinogadzira imwe poindi nyowani yenguva yega yega (mapoinzi mangani akagadzirirwa VM nemabasa ekutanga hazvina basa). Pakupera kwepakati, iyo nyowani inopedzwa uye, kana zvichidikanwa, kuchengetwa kunoshandiswa nekubatanidza VBK uye yekare kuwedzera. Muchina uyu watouziva kwatiri.
Kuchengeta nzira uchishandisa GFS
BCJ inogona zvakare kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza. Izvi zvakagadzirirwa pane imwechete Target tab, pazasi peseti yehuwandu hwekudzoreredza mapoinzi:
GFS mapoinzi anogona kugadzirwa nenzira mbiri - synthetically, uchishandisa data pane yechipiri repository, kana nekutevedzera yakazara backup uye kuverenga data rese kubva kune yekutanga repository (yakagadziriswa nesarudzo yakanyorwa 3). Kuchengeta muzviitiko zvese izvi kuchave kwakasiyana zvakanyanya, saka tichazvifunga zvakasiyana.
Synthetic GFS
Muchiitiko ichi, iyo GFS poindi haina kusikwa chaizvo pazuva rakatarwa. Pane kudaro, nzvimbo yeGFS ichagadzirwa apo VIB yezuva iyo iyo GFS yakarongerwa kugadzirwa inosanganiswa nekuchengetedza kwakazara. Izvi dzimwe nguva zvinokonzeresa kusanzwisisana, nekuti nguva inopfuura uye hapachina poindi yeGFS. Uye chete shaman ane simba kubva kune technical support anogona kufanotaura zuva ripi iro poindi ichaonekwa. Muchokwadi, mashiripiti haadiwe - ingotarisa iyo yakatarwa nhamba yemapoinzi uye nguva yekuyananisa (mangani mapoinzi anogadzirwa zuva rega rega). Edza kuzviverengera iwe pachako uchishandisa uyu muenzaniso: basa rakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza 7 mapoinzi, iyo yekuwiriranisa nguva ndeye gumi nemaviri maawa (kureva 12 mapoinzi pazuva). Parizvino, patova nemapoinzi manomwe mumaketani, nhasi Muvhuro, uye kusikwa kweiyo GFS point yakarongerwa zuva rino. Ichasikwa zuva ripi?
Reply
Pano zviri nani kutsanangura kuti cheni ichachinja sei nekufamba kwenguva, zuva nezuva:
Saka nemusi weMuvhuro, kuwedzera kwekupedzisira mumaketani kwakanyorwa seGFS, asi hapana dzimwe shanduko dzinooneka dzinoitika. Zuva rega rega basa rinogadzira 2 mapoinzi matsva, uye kuchengetwa kunofambisa cheni kumberi. Pakupedzisira, neChina nguva yasvika yekushandisa kuchengetedza kune iyo yakanyanya kuwedzera. Ichi chikamu chichatora nguva yakareba kupfuura zvakajairwa - nekuti basa racho "richabvisa" mabhuraki anodiwa kubva kumaketani uye kugadzira poindi nyowani. Kubva panguva ino zvichienda mberi, pachange paine mapoinzi masere mucheni - 8 muketani huru + GFS.
Kugadzira mapoinzi eGFS ne "Verenga yese poindi" sarudzo
Pamusoro ndakataura kuti BCJ inoshanda mune zvisingaverengeki incremental mode. Iye zvino tichatarisa kunze kwemutemo uyu chete. Kana iyo "Verenga yese poindi" sarudzo inogoneswa, iyo GFS poindi ichagadzirwa chaizvo pazuva rakarongwa. Basa racho pacharo richashanda mukuwedzera modhi ne periodic yakazara backups, yatakakurukura pamusoro. Kuchengetedza kuchashandiswawo nekubvisa chikamu chekare cheketani. Nekudaro, mune iyi kesi, chete zviwedzere zvichabviswa, uye backup yakazara ichasara senge GFS poindi. Saizvozvo, mapoinzi akaiswa neGFS mireza haafungirwe kana uchiverenga kuchengetwa.
Ngatitii basa rakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza 7 mapoinzi uye kugadzira yevhiki GFS poindi neMuvhuro. Muchiitiko ichi, Muvhuro wega wega basa rinonyatso gadzira backup yakazara uye inomaka seGFS. Kuchengetedza kuchashandiswa apo, mushure mokubvisa kuwedzera kubva kune chikamu chekare, nhamba yezviyero zvakasara haisi pasi pe 7. Izvi ndizvo zvinoratidzika mumufananidzo:
Saka, pakupera kwevhiki rechipiri pane huwandu hwegumi nemana mapoinzi mumaketani. Muvhiki yechipiri, basa racho rakagadzira 14 points. Dai iri raive basa riri nyore, kuchengera kungadai kwakatoshandiswa. Asi iyi ndiyo BCJ ine GFS kuchengetedza, saka hativerengi mapeji eGFS, zvinoreva kuti pane 7 chete. Musvondo rechitatu tinogadzira imwe backup yakazara nemureza weGFS. 6 mapoinzi, asi zvakare hativerenge iyi. Uye pakupedzisira, neChipiri chevhiki rechitatu, tinogadzira kuwedzera. Iye zvino, kana tikabvisa kuwedzera kweketani kwevhiki yekutanga, nhamba yose yekuwedzera inogutsa kuchengetwa kwakasimbiswa.
Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, mune iyi nzira zvakakosha zvikuru kuti yakazara backups inogadzirwa nguva dzose. Ngatitii, kana iwe ukaisa kuchengetwa kukuru kwemazuva manomwe, asi 7 chete yegore negore, zviri nyore kufungidzira kuti kuwedzera kuchaunganidza zvakawanda, zvakanyanya kudarika 1. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, zviri nani kushandisa nzira yekugadzira yekugadzira. GFS.
Uye zvakare "Bvisa zvinhu zvakadzimwa"
Iyi sarudzo iripo zvakare yeBCJ:
Iyo logic yeiyi sarudzo pano yakafanana neyenguva dzose yekuchengetedza mabasa - kana muchina ukasagadziriswa kwenhamba yakatarwa yemazuva, ipapo data rayo rinobviswa kubva muketani. Nekudaro, kune BCJ kubatsira kweiyi sarudzo kwakakwira zvine mutsindo, uye ndosaka.
Mune yakajairika mode, BCJ inoshanda nenzira isingaperi yekuwedzera, saka kana pane imwe nguva muchina ukabviswa pabasa, ipapo kuchengetwa kunodzima zvishoma nezvishoma mapoinzi ese ekudzoreredza kusvika kwasara imwe chete - muVBK. Zvino ngatimbofungidzira kuti basa racho richiri kugadzirwa kugadzira synthetic GFS mapoinzi. Kana nguva yasvika, basa rinozofanirwa kugadzira GFS yemashini ese ari mucheni. Kana mumwe muchina usina mapoinzi matsva zvachose, zvakanaka, uchafanirwa kushandisa iyo iri. Uye saka nguva dzose. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mamiriro anotevera anogona kuitika:
Teerera kune iyo Mafaira chikamu: isu tine huru VBK uye 2 vhiki GFS mapoinzi. Uye ikozvino kune Kudzoreredza mapoinzi chikamu - kutaura zvazviri, mafaera aya ane mufananidzo wakafanana wemuchina. Nomuzvarirwo, hapana chikonzero mune dzakadaro GFS pfungwa, ivo vanongotora nzvimbo.
Iyi mamiriro anogoneka chete kana uchishandisa synthetic GFS. Kuti udzivise izvi, shandisa "Bvisa zvinhu zvakadzimwa" sarudzo. Ingo rangarira kuigadzika kwenhamba yakaringana yemazuva. Tsigiro yehunyanzvi yakaona zviitiko apo iyo sarudzo yakaiswa kwemazuva mashoma pane yekuyananisa nguva - BCJ yakatanga kuita berserk nekudzima mapoinzi asati agadzirwa.
Ndokumbirawo utarise kuti iyi sarudzo haikanganisi yakatogadzirwa GFS mapoinzi. Kana iwe uchida kuchenesa zvakachengetwa, unofanirwa kuita izvi nemaoko - nekudzvanya-kurudyi pamushini uye kusarudza "Delete kubva kudhisiki" (pahwindo rinoonekwa, usakanganwa kutarisa "Bvisa GFS yakazara backup" bhokisi) :
Innovation v.10 - kopi yekukurumidza
Mushure mekutarisana ne "classic" mashandiro, ngatiendererei kune itsva. Pane imwe itsva, asi yakakosha zvikuru. Iyi ndiyo nzira itsva yekushanda.
Iko hakuna chinhu chakadai se "kupindirana kupindirana"; iro basa rinogara richitarisa kana mapoinzi matsva akaonekwa uye oakopa ese, zvisinei kuti vangani. Asi panguva imwecheteyo, basa rinoramba richiwedzera, ndiko kuti, kunyange kana basa guru richigadzira VBK kana VRB, pfungwa idzi dzichakopwa seVIB. Zvikasadaro, hapana zvinoshamisa mune iyi modhi - zvese zvakajairwa uye GFS kuchengetedza basa zvinoenderana nemitemo inotsanangurwa pamusoro (zvisinei, chete synthetic GFS inowanikwa pano).
Madhisiki ari kutenderera. Zvinoumba repositories ane rotated drives
Kutyisidzirwa kunogara kuripo kwehutachiona hweransomware kwaita kuti ive de facto kuchengetedza mwero kuve nekopi yedata pane svikiro uko hutachiona husingasviki. Imwe sarudzo ndeye kushandisa disk rotation repositories, uko madhisiki anoshandiswa imwe panguva: nepo imwe dhisiki yakabatana uye inonyorwa, iyo yese inochengetwa munzvimbo yakachengeteka.
Kuti udzidzise B&R kushanda nematura akadaro, unofanirwa kudzvanya bhatani rePamusoro pazvigadziriso zvenzvimbo, padanho reRepository, uye sarudza sarudzo yakakodzera:
Mushure meizvi, VBR inotarisira kuti ketani iripo ichanyangarika nguva nenguva kubva kune repository, izvo zvinoreva dhisiki kutenderera. Zvichienderana nerudzi rwenzvimbo uye rudzi rwebasa, B&R ichaita zvakasiyana. Izvi zvinogona kumiririrwa netafura inotevera:
Ngatitarisei sarudzo imwe neimwe.
Normal basa uye Windows repository
Saka, isu tine basa rinochengetedza maketani kudhisiki yekutanga. Munguva yekutenderera, cheni yakasikwa inonyangarika, uye basa racho rinoda kuti ripone kurasikirwa uku. Anowana nyaradzo mukugadzira backup yakazara. Nokudaro, kutenderera kwega kwega kunoreva kuchengetedza kwakakwana. Asi chii chinoitika kune mapoinzi pane yakabviswa dhisiki? Ivo vanoyeukwa uye vanotariswa kana vachiverenga kuchengetedza. Nokudaro, nhamba yakatarwa yemapoinzi mubasa ndeapi mapoinzi anoda kuchengetwa pamadisiki ese. Heino muenzaniso:
Iro basa rinomhanya risingaperi incremental mode uye rakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza 3 kudzorera mapoinzi. Asi isu tinewo dhisiki yechipiri, uye tinoitenderera kamwechete pavhiki (panogona kunge kune madhisiki akawanda, izvi hazvichinje essence).
Muvhiki yekutanga, basa racho richagadzira mapoinzi padhisiki yekutanga uye kubatanidza mamwe. Saka, nhamba yese yemapoinzi ichave yakaenzana nematatu:
Zvadaro tinobatanidza motokari yechipiri. Pakutanga, B&R inozoona kuti dhisiki yakatsiviwa. Iyo ketani padhisiki yekutanga ichanyangarika kubva kune iyo interface, asi ruzivo pamusoro payo rucharamba rwuri mudhatabhesi. Iye zvino basa racho richachengeta mapoinzi matatu padhisiki yechipiri. The general situation ichaita sezvizvi:
Pakupedzisira, tinobatanidza dhiraivha yekutanga. Usati wagadzira poindi nyowani, basa rinotarisa zviri kuitika nekuchengetedza. Uye kuchengetwa, ini ndinokuyeuchidza, kwakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza 3 mapoinzi. Zvichakadaro, isu tine mapoinzi matatu pa diski 3 (asi yakabviswa uye yakachengetwa munzvimbo yakachengeteka iyo B&R isingasviki) uye 2 mapoinzi pa diski 3 (asi iyi yakabatana). Izvi zvinoreva kuti isu tinokwanisa kubvisa zvakachengeteka 1 mapoinzi kubva ku diski 3, sezvo ivo vanopfuura kuchengetwa. Mushure meizvozvo basa rinogadzira yakazara backup zvakare, uye cheni yedu inotanga kutaridzika seizvi:
Kana kuchengetwa kwakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza mazuva pachinzvimbo chehuwandu hwemapoinzi, saka pfungwa haichinji. Mukuwedzera, kuchengetwa kweGFS hakutsigirwi zvachose kana uchishandisa repositories ne disk rotation.
Nguva dzose basa uye Linux repository network kuchengetedza
Iyi sarudzo inogoneka zvakare, asi kazhinji isinganyanyi kukurudzirwa nekuda kwezvirambidzo zvakaiswa. Basa racho richaita kune dhisiki kutenderera uye kunyangarika kweketani nenzira imwechete - nekugadzira kuchengetedza kwakazara. Iyo inogumira imhaka yekuchekwa-yekuchengeta michina.
Pano, panguva yekutenderera, ketani yose pa disk yakabviswa inongobviswa kubva kuB & R database. Ndokumbira utarise kuti kubva kudhatabhesi, iwo mafaera pachawo anoramba ari pa diski. Inogona kutengwa kunze kwenyika uye kushandiswa kudzoreredza, asi zviri nyore kufungidzira kuti nekukurumidza kana gare gare maketani akakanganwa akadaro anozadza iyo yese repository.
Mhinduro ndeyekuwedzera DWORD ForceDeleteBackupFiles sezvakaratidzwa pane ino peji: . Basa racho rinobva ratanga kungodzima zvese zvirimo muforodha yebasa kana repository folda (zvichienderana nekukosha) pakutenderera kwega kwega.
Nekudaro, uku hakusi kuchengetwa kwakanaka, asi kucheneswa kwezvese zviri mukati. Nehurombo, rutsigiro rwehunyanzvi rwakasangana nezviitiko apo repository yaingova dhairekitori redhisiki, uko, mukuwedzera kune backups, imwe data yaivepo. Zvose izvi zvakaparadzwa panguva yekutenderera.
Pamusoro pezvo, kana ForceDeleteBackupFiles ikagoneswa, inoshanda kune ese marudzi ezvinyorwa, kureva kuti, nyangwe marepositori paWindows anomira kushandisa chengetedzo uye otanga kudzima zvirimo. Mune mamwe mazwi, dhisiki remunharaunda paWindows ndiyo yakanakisa sarudzo kune yakadaro yekuchengetedza system.
Backup kopi uye Windows repository
Zvinhu zvinowedzera kunakidza neBCJ. Kwete chete iyo ine yakazara-yakazara kuchengetedza, asi hapana chikonzero chekuita yakazara backup pese paunochinja dhisiki! Inoshanda seizvi:
Kutanga, B&R inotanga kugadzira mapoinzi pane yekutanga disc. Ngatitii tinoisa kuchengetwa kune 3 points. Iro basa rinoshanda mune risingaverengeki rinowedzera modhi uye kubatanidza zvese zvisina basa (Ndinokuyeuchidza kuti kuchengetedza kweGFS hakutsigirwe mune iyi kesi).
Zvadaro tinobatanidza motokari yechipiri. Sezvo pasina cheni pairi parizvino, tinogadzira backup yakazara, mushure mezvo isu tine ketani yechipiri yemapoinzi matatu:
Pakupedzisira, yave nguva yekubatanidza dhiraivha yekutanga. Uye apa ndipo panotanga mashiripiti, sezvo basa racho risingazogadziri yakazara backup, asi panzvimbo pezvo rinongoenderera mberi neketani yekuwedzera:
Mushure meizvi, rinenge dhisiki yega yega ichava neyayo yakazvimirira cheni. Nokudaro, kuchengetwa pano hakurevi nhamba yezvibodzwa pama diski ose, asi nhamba yezvibodzwa pa diski imwe neimwe zvakasiyana.
Backup kopi uye Linux repositorynetwork kuchengetedza
Zvekare, kunaka kwese kwakarasika kana repository isiri pane yemunharaunda Windows drive. Ichi chinyorwa chinoshanda zvakafanana nechakurukurwa pamusoro apa nebasa riri nyore. Nekutenderera kwega kwega, BCJ ichagadzira backup yakazara, uye mapoinzi aripo achakanganwika. Kuti udzivise kupera nzvimbo yemahara, unofanirwa kushandisa DWORD ForceDeleteBackupFiles.
mhedziso
Saka, nekuda kwechinyorwa chakareba kudaro, takatarisa marudzi maviri emabasa. Hongu, kune mamwe mabasa mazhinji, asi hazvizogone kuatarisa ese muchimiro chechinyorwa chimwe. Kana mushure mekuverenga iwe uchiri nemibvunzo, nyora mumashoko, ini ndichafara kupindura pachangu.
Source: www.habr.com