Yakazara imba otomatiki muchivakwa chitsva. Kuenderera mberi

Pakarepo chinyorwa nezve ruzivo rwangu mukugadzira imba yekamuri imwe ye41 square metres. m. muchivakwa chitsva, yakabudiswa masvondo maviri apfuura, yakave yakakurumbira uye kubva munaKurume 10 yakawedzerwa kumabhukimaki ne781. vanhu, vakatariswa ka123 uye Habr akatosanganisira nzvimbo yekushambadza muchikamu che“Yakakurudzirwa” chakanzi “Zvinofadza.”

1500 metres yetambo dzakaiswa hazvionekwe mushure mekupedzwa kwekugadzirisa. Pamufananidzo pane imba yekurara

Heino kuenderera mberi kwenyaya, kwandichapindura zvakataurwa, nekupa mafoto eimba yacho ine fenicha, mhedzisiro yemagetsi mapaneru, uye zvakare kutaura nezve matambudziko andakasangana nawo mushure mekunge ndachinja kubva kuOpenHAB kuenda kune imwe imba otomatiki system - Mubatsiri Wepamba .

Kune avo vari kunzwa nyaya iyi kekutanga, ndichataura kuti ndaive nehope yekuita iyo yakazara yakazara otomatiki mufurati. Hope idzi dzakauya kwandiri pandakafarira "smart homes" muna 2014. Asi kusvika muna 2018, handina kukwanisa kutanga kuishandisa nekuda kwechikonzero chebhanari - pakanga pasina imba.

В chikamu chekutanga chechinyorwa Ini ndinonyora nezve sarudzo yetekinoroji, ndinopa wiring dhayagiramu, mafoto, uye nekupa chinongedzo kune sosi kodhi yekumisikidzwa kwefurati muOpenHAB (yakavhurika sosi imba otomatiki software yakanyorwa muJava).

Muchikamu chechipiri chauri kuverenga izvozvi, ndinoda kutanga nemhinduro kune zvakataurwa kuchikamu chekutanga chenyaya, icho chaive nemazana mana nemakumi matanhatu nenomwe, kubva ipapo ndakaona kuti pamwe handikwanise kuburitsa zvizere pfungwa yangu huru yekuti. Ini ndaida kuita iyo yakanyanya kuperera waya kudzidziswa kune inotevera otomatiki. Izvi zvaive zvakakosha kuitira kuti ushandise chero mutongi mune ramangwana, pasina kusungirirwa kune chaiyo mugadziri uye kusanganisa akasiyana matekinoroji. Parizvino izvi zvinogoneka kushandisa Open-Source imba otomatiki software hubs.

Mhinduro kumacomments

Ndanga ndakabatikana mumusoro wekuti otomatiki kumba kwemakore akati wandei seanoshuvira geek, sekutaura - ini handina rubatsiro rwekutengesa kubva pane yangu yekuzvivaraidza, asi ini ndinoda maitiro acho pachawo. Kare, ndisati ndava neimba iyi ine kamuri rimwe chete, zvakanga zvakandiomera kushandisa chimwe chinhu mumba mangu. Pamba, sezvingangodaro vanhu vakawanda, pane mapepa pamadziro, hapana anoziva kuti ndiani akaita basa remagetsi (uye hapana anoziva nguva), asi zvakadini kana, semuenzaniso, ndichida kusungirira tsvimbo yemagetsi? Mitengo yavo inonzwisisika (~ $ 100) kana iwe ukaraira kunze kweRussia, asi zvakadini nezve wiring? Hazvibviri kudzora maketeni kana pasina magetsi. Ndoita sei? Mhanya tambo kubva pakubuda kuenda kuhwindo? Isungirire nemapedhi anozvinamira? Kunyangwe dai ndaigutsikana nesarudzo iyi, kune zvimwe zvipenyu zvinogara mufurati neni - zvipenyu - mukadzi, vana, mhuka dzinovaraidza. Kana pane tambo dzakarembera kubva kwese-kwese, chii chichaitika? Zvichava zvakachengeteka sei kune vagari vemo? Kazhinji, izvi zvakagara zvakandimisa.

Nekuda kwechishuwo changu chekuturika mutengi wega wega pane yakaparadzana tambo, kunyangwe yenguva dzose pani isina otomatiki yakakura kusvika makumi mashanu nemana modular. Mufananidzo wacho unoratidza nhoo yemagetsi isina otomatiki neChinese 54 din otomatiki switch, pakarepo mushure megungano muna 1.

Uye muimba iyi ndaiva nemukana wekuita kugadzirira kwakazara kumba otomatiki. Kunyatsogadzirira. Funga nezvese zvingasarudzwa, ndaive neruzivo. Sarudza kuti ungaita sei zvakanakisisa kuitira kuti gare gare usave nekutambura kwepfungwa nekuda kwekuti zvose "kugadzirisa" zvakatogadzirira, asi ndakakanganwa kubatanidza tambo ye sensor iyi. Iwe unogona kubvunza kuti ndeipi tambo ye sensor muna 2017 (mushure mezvose, dhizaini yese yakaitwa muna 2017, kwete 2020)? Ehe, ini ndinonyatsoziva kuti kune yakagadzirira-yakagadzirwa uye isingadhure isina waya mhinduro, senge bhatiri-powered Xiaomi MiHome. Kana Polish Fibaro (isina kudhura zvakanyanya). Kana maChinese sensors akabatana kune zvigadzirwa zvefekitori paESP8266 kubva kuEspressif Systems ine Wi-Fi interface. Asi kune izvi unotoda chikafu. Zvese zvine chekuita nemabhatiri zvinoratidzika kwandiri sehafu-chiyero - iwe uchiri kuda kuvatarisira, kusiyana newaya mhinduro kana kunyange ESP8266. Kunyangwe iine bhatiri-powered, inoiswa munzvimbo dzadzo "nokusingaperi" - hazvigoneke kuti chero munhu angavafambisa kubva pane imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe, achichinja chinzvimbo chavo pamusuwo, semuenzaniso. Mukuwedzera, pane mubvunzo wemutengo - wired sensors dzakawanda nguva dzakachipa uye dzakavimbika mukushanda. Uyezve, tambo zvakare inodhura, asi chete kana zvichikwanisika kuiisa "pasina snot" uye pasina kuparadza kugadzirisa.

Electromagnetic mwaranzi

Vazhinji mumashoko kuchinyorwa changu chakataurwa nezvacho "Nyaya yemunhu anonzwa nemwaranzi yemagetsi" Zvinoita kwandiri kuti kana iwe uchinyatsoda kushandisa zviri nyore zveimba yakangwara, saka mhinduro ine waya ndeimwe yeakachengeteka kune hutano hwevanhu, kana iwe ukateedzera pfungwa yechinyorwa.

Uye muzvivakwa zvitsva zvemazuva ano, chiteshi cheWi-Fi muchikamu che2,4 GHz chakanyanya "tsvina", heino muenzaniso chaiwo kubva pakuita - hama dzine Internet yakanakisa masikati, asi manheru hazvibviri kuishandisa. Kuchinjira ku5 GHz kwakagadzirisa dambudziko ravo.

Nzvimbo iyo yese kiromita imwe nehafu yetambo dzakabatana uchishandisa nyeredzi topology iri mukoridho yefurati. Matatu emagetsi mapaneru e54 din modules akavanzwa kuseri kwemagonhi

Panyaya yefurati yangu, ndine mugove wakakura chaizvo wezvido zvese zvakangouya mupfungwa dzangu. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kubva pamakiromita nehafu yetambo, inosvika makumi matatu muzana haishandiswe uye inoiswa "muchengetedzo". Izvo hazvina kubatana chero kupi uye zvinongounganidzwa mu "muswe wakachena" munzvimbo imwe uye kugoverwa kunzvimbo dzakasiyana kune imwe mugumo wetambo.

Imba yakangwara uye kuchengetedza zviwanikwa

Ini ndinofunga imba yakangwara haisi yekuchengeta, asi yekunyaradza. Mumba mangu, iyo nyaya yekufefetera haina kuratidzwa zvachose, nekuti haina kana kumbondinetsa, kunze kwekunge iyo hood muimba yekugezera inovhurwa zvinoenderana nehumidity level uye kune Ikea hood mukicheni. Chiitiko changu ichi hachina basa zvachose kana zvichienzaniswa nezvandakaita Andrey @DarkTemplar, chipi "guruva dema pahwindo rinounganidza pamusoro pemwedzi mitatu"Uye akaunganidza dhizaini yekufambisa mhepo, asi sezvazvinoitika muchikamu chechipiri che" ngano" yefurati, mabhiri emagetsi akawandisa kunyangwe aine otomatiki kutonga.

Pedzisa mufananidzo weimba 41 sq. m. mushure mekugadzirisa muna 2018: kicheni ine zvigadziko uye 0,96" OLED kuratidza (128x64) pamadziro ekurudyi ane akavakirwa-mukati SSD1306 controller uye I2C rutsigiro.

Kana iwe usina imba yakangwara uye uchida kuchengetedza mari, saka yakasanganiswa yakangwara imba haina kana kubatsira mune izvi. Iwe unogona kushandisa zvakanyanya pakugadzira, zvishandiso uye kuisirwa imba yakangwara zvekuti kana ukatsiva mwenje yako yese ye LED nemarambi incandescent uye ukaachengeta paXNUMX/XNUMX, zvingangove zvichibatsira kupfuura kuisa imba yakangwara.

Sekuona kwangu, imba yakangwara ndeiyi:
Zviri nyore - hongu.
Mazuva ano - hongu.
Tekinoroji - hongu.
Savings, kunyanya mufurati - kwete.

Ungagadzirira sei imba yeramangwana yakangwara - matipi akareruka ayo ini pachangu ndaingonzwisisa ndichishanda

Ndaida kuita zvinhu zvose zvakachipa sezvinobvira, asi izvi hazvirevi kuti ndaida kushandisa zvigadziriswe zvisinganzwisisiki uye solder pamabvi angu. Aihwa.

Ndaida kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvefekitari chete, kuitira kuti pakanga pasina soldering uye kubatana kune vakagadzirira-yakagadzirwa mazita yakashandiswa. Ndaitarisirawo kuti ndaigona kushandisa chero imba automation system yandaida. Nekuda kweizvozvo, ndakasarudza iyo inodhura zvakanyanya sarudzo kubva kufekitori mhinduro - chishandiso kubva kumugadziri weSamara, asi chero nguva, kana zvichidikanwa, ndinogona kushandura kune imwe midziyo kana kunyange kuburitsa zvisingarwadze imba yese yakangwara (asi kwete tambo) kubva mufurati, kusanganisira kudzorera yakajairika control circuit lighting. Ehe, pani yemagetsi ine otomatiki ichafanirwa kuitwa patsva, asi vavaki havadiwe kune izvi - munhuwo zvake magetsi anogona kuzvibata, anozobatanidza zvakare makubatanidza mupaneri zvinoenderana nedhirowa.

Mamwe mazano ekugadzirira kuiswa wired smart imba zvisinei nemugadziri:

• Kuisa tambo yemagetsi yakaparadzana kubva kune mwenje wega wega, chinja, socket (mapoka ezvigadziko) kana chero mutengi wemagetsi kufurati remagetsi;
• Kuisa tambo dzakaderera-ikozvino kunzvimbo dzekuisa ma sensors uye metering zvishandiso;
• Magetsi mapaneru ane saizi inosvika makumi mana nemasere module;
• Monostable (bhero) switch;

Pedzisa mufananidzo mushure mekugadziridzwa kwapera muna 2018: chimbuzi chine bhavhu, uko heater yemvura inorongwa kuiswa pamadziro kurudyi uye 5x1,5 tambo yakaiswa kudzora pombi yemagetsi.

Uye mazano ekugadzirira kuiswa wireless smart imba zvisinei nemugadziri:

1. Yakakura kugovera (socket) mabhokisi (inenge 150x100x70 mm) nekuwana kwavari;
2. Kubatanidza kuvhenekera hakusi chirongwa chekare (uchishandisa mabhokisi ekugovera uko tambo kubva kune switch, mwenje uye kubva switchboard zvakabatana), asi yemazuva ano - simba rinopihwa kune switch, uye kubva kune switch kune yakaparadzana tambo kune mwenje. ;
3. Deep socket mabhokisi (inenge 65 mm);
4. Usaisa zvishandiso uye zvidzori mumabhokisi esimbi;
5. Monostable (bhero) switch;

Ndinofanira kutaura kuti zviri nani kusarudza pakati pe 1st uye 2nd points - kushandisa mapoinzi maviri panguva imwe chete hazvina musoro, nokuti kana iwe ukaisa capacious kugovera mabhokisi, ipapo ma modules anogona kuiswa ipapo, uye kana uri kuunganidza magetsi ekubatanidza magetsi. dunhu remazuva ano, ipapo kugovera Hapana mabhokisi ekuvhenekesa anodiwa.

Ese aya matipi, hongu, angori maonero angu pachangu.

Magetsi mapaneru uye controller

Sezvo izwi rekuti "panelboard" richinzwika rinosetsa muimba yekamuri imwe chete, mapaneru ese akaiswa mukoridho kuseri kwemagonhi emapuranga, akashongedzwa mune yakajairika maitiro eimba nemuvezi.

Shield Nhamba yekutanga. Simba: heino chinja, chidziviriro mudziyo, chinobatika, 1 din otomatiki dunhu mabreak. Mukati meshield iyi aive pamufananidzo uri pamusoro

Mabhokisi emidziyo ndiyo inonyanya kukosha yefurati kwandiri. Iyo yese simba chikamu chemagetsi uye otomatiki inonangana pano. Zvose zvinosanganiswa mumagetsi emagetsi e3 e54 modules, iyo yakavharwa nemasuo emapuranga. Kana magonhi emapuranga avhurwa, mabhokisi esimbi anoonekwa, rimwe nerimwe rakanyorwa.

Shield Nhamba yechipiri. Heino chikamu chesimba che automation uye bhero rinoshandiswa sekuisa

Iyo yekutanga kabati yemagetsi - tambo kubva pamamita inouya pano. Iyo mita yemagetsi yakatsiviwa neyedhijitari, asi yakasiiwa munzvimbo yayo yepakutanga padyo nemusuwo.

Yechipiri pani ine wiring yechikamu chesimba cheMegaD multifunctional controller kubva kuSamara. Makore akati wandei apfuura, mutongi uyu aive akavhurika firmware uye, ne theoretically, chero munhu aigona kushandisa zvinhu zvemuviri kuunganidza mudziyo wekushanda kwakafanana ivo pachavo. Asi mumakore achangopfuura, iyo firmware haina kuburitswa uye iwe unogona chete kutenga chigadzirwa chakagadzirwa nefekitari.

Rutsigiro rwechigadzirwa runopihwa zvakanyanya pane mudziyo forum. Ndati here kana aka kari kekutanga kunzwa nezve mudziyo uyu, saka kunyangwe nemutengo wakaderera, uchafanira kushandisa nguva yakawanda kuti uzvione?

Nhovo nhamba 3. Matambo kubva kumasensa ese anouya pano.

Nhoo yechitatu inzvimbo iyo tambo kubva kune ese ma sensors dzakabatana kune Executive controller kubva kuSamara.

Musha Mubatsiri

Ndave negore rose ndichiishandisa kuvhuraHAB uye kazhinji ndakafara, kunyangwe kumwe kusangana kwakashata neMegaD 2561 - basa rayo neopenHAB rinoitwa kuburikidza neakakosha. Kusunga, iyo yakanyorwa neyakazvimiririra mugadziri Peter Schatzillo uye iseva yewebhu yemirairo inouya kubva kuMegaD kuenda kuvhuraHAB. Basa guru reMegaD Binding nderekusiyanisa mirairo yakagamuchirwa kubva kuMegaD uye kugadzira mirairo kubva kuOpenHAB.

openHAB interface muna Kubvumbi 2019

Iwe unogona kubatanidza MegaD muKumba Mubatsiri uchishandisa yakajairwa nzira, pasina kushandisa yakaparadzana kusanganisa. Ne openHAB rinenge gore gare gare, muna 2019, pakave nekunonoka kudzvanya mabhatani emuviri uye pamwe ndingadai ndakazvigadzirisa nekuzvigadzirisa, asi panguva ino ndakanga ndatofarira Mubatsiri Wepamba. Vanhu vakatanga kutaura nezveMubatsiri weMusha ini ndaifarira kuedza.

Imba Yemubatsiri interface munaKurume 2020

Mubatsiri Wepamba uye openHAB akanyatsofanana nenzira dzakawanda, kunyangwe akanyorwa mumitauro yakasiyana yekuronga. Ose maviri aya software hubs:

• yakazvimirira kubva kune vanogadzira;
• kubvumira kuti ubatanidze akasiyana siyana imba otomatiki matekinoroji mune imwe;
• kuva nemitemo yepamusoro;
• inouya newebhu interfaces uye inewo maapplication ayo eIOS neAroid;
• zvachose open source;
• inotsigirwa nenharaunda.

Alexey Krainev akandibatsira zvakanyanya nekumisikidza Mubatsiri Wepamba mumba mangu xMrVizzy, uyo akachinja otomatiki mufurati rino kubva kuOpenHAB kuenda kuMubatsiri Wepamba uye akawedzera zvimwe zvemidziyo yake, yakadai sePhilips AirPurifier air purifier, Roborock S5 robhoti vacuum cleaner uye kunyange imwezve Vera Plus controller, iyo yaakakwanisa kubatanidza mune zvakazara Home Assistant control system.

Maitiro acho haana kukurumidza uye zvese zvakatanga neyakajairika Home Assistant interface:

Regular Imba Mubatsiri interface muzhizha 2019

Uye imwe yesarudzo dzekugamuchira ruzivo uye kutumira mirairo kuSamara MegaD-2561 controller:

Imba Yemubatsiri zvigadziriso mupepeti kuburikidza newebhu interface muzhizha 2019

Nekuda kweizvozvo, kupindirana kweMubatsiri Wepamba neMegaD-2561 mukati Hass.io yakawanikwa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana:

1. By MQTT.
2. Zvekunze HTTP GET zvikumbiro kuMegaD:
   -kuvhota chaiyo mudziyo zviteshi, semuenzaniso:
   http://192.168.48.20/sec/?pt=35&scl=34&i2c_dev=htu21d;
   - kudhawunirodha mutsara ine pfupiso mamiriro ezviteshi zvese, uye wobva waityora muhutsika hunoenderana neimwe yemachiteshi:
   http://192.168.48.20/sec/?cmd=all.

Nekuda kweizvozvo, kumisikidza kusanganiswa kweMubatsiri weMusha uye MegaD kwakatora inenge mwedzi mitatu, kunyangwe tichifunga nezvekuti Alexey akange asina ruzivo rwekare achishanda pamwe neMubatsiri Wepamba kana MegaD.

Zvese pazvakamiswa, Alexey akafunga kuenderera mberi maererano nedhizaini uye pakupedzisira akaunza zvese kune Mubatsiri Wepamba interface iyo yakagadziridzwa zvine simba pasina kutangazve, zvichienderana nebasa remunhu ane shungu kubva kuNetherlands:

Zvisina kujairika asi akanaka Mubatsiri Wepamba muna 2020

Kana iwe uchida kudzokorora chiitiko ichi uye shandura yako wega Mubatsiri Wepamba interface nenzira yakafanana, unogona kutevera basa raJimmy Shings (Netherlands):
https://github.com/jimz011/homeassistant/.

Kana iwe uchifunga kuti musoro wefurati hausati wataurirwa, saka ndiudze nezvazvo mumashoko - chii chingave chinonakidza kunzwa nezvazvo.

Mugumisiro

Ndinotenda kuti chiitiko chine otomatiki yakazara yeimba yekamuri imwe yakabudirira. Imba iyi yave nemakore maviri ichishanda uye inounza mufaro kune vanogara mairi. Hapana zvikanganiso zvakakomba zvakaonekwa.

Zvigadziriso zveApartment zvakatumirwa paGitHub:

1. kuvhuraHAB;
2. Musha Mubatsiri.

Author: Mikhail Shardin
Mifananidzo: Mikhail Shardin.
Mifananidzo ine chekuita neMubatsiri Wepamba: Alexey Krainev xMrVizzy.

Kukadzi 5 - Kurume 10, 2020

Vashandisi vakanyoresa chete ndivo vanogona kutora chikamu muongororo. Nyorera mu, Munogamuchirwa.

Ndeipi fungidziro yako yeiyo isiri-yakajairwa Mubatsiri Mubatsiri interface uye imba yacho zvakazara?

• 25,0%Waya dzakawandisa99

• 9,1%Zvakawandisa kune geek36

• 41,9%ndaizogara pano166

• 7,1%Chii chinonzi Home Assistant?28

• 12,6%Ngowani yangu yerata iripi?50

• 4,3%Chimwe chinhu (nyora mumashoko)17

396 vashandisi vakavhota. 91 mushandisi haana.

Source: www.habr.com