Zvakangoitika kuti panguva iyo dambudziko rakaiswa, ini ndakanga ndisina ruzivo rwakakwana rwekugadzira uye kutanga iyi mhinduro ndega. Uye ipapo ndakatanga Google.

Handizivi kuti dambudziko nderei, asi kwenguva yegumi neshanu ndinotarisana nechokwadi chekuti kunyangwe ndikaita zvese nhanho nhanho senge mudzidziso, gadzirira nharaunda yakafanana nemunyori, saka hapana chinomboshanda. Ini handizive kuti chii, asi pandakasangana neizvi zvakare, ndakafunga kuti ndichanyora yangu yedzidziso kana zvese zvaita. Imwe ichashanda zvechokwadi.

Vanotungamira paInternet

Izvo zvinongoitika kuti iyo Internet haina kutambura nekushaikwa kweakasiyana madhairekitori, tutorials, nhanho-nhanho uye nezvimwe. Zvakazoitika kuti ini ndakapihwa basa rekugadzira mhinduro yekuronga zviri nyore uye kuvaka failover PostgreSQL cluster, izvo zvinonyanya kudiwa izvo zvaive kufambisa kudzokorora kubva kuMaster server kune ese makopi uye otomatiki kupihwa kwenzvimbo kana chiitiko Master server kukundikana.

Panguva ino, murwi wetekinoroji yakashandiswa yakatemwa:

PostgreSQL seDBMS
Patroni semushonga wekubatanidza
etcd sekuchengeterwa kwakagoverwa kwaPatroni
HAproxy yekuronga imwe nzvimbo yekupinda yezvikumbiro uchishandisa dhatabhesi

Kuiswa

Kuti utarise - kuvaka inowanika PostgreSQL cluster uchishandisa Patroni, etcd, HAProxy.

Mabasa ese akaitwa pamashini chaiwo ane Debian 10 OS yakaiswa.

nezvimwewo

Ini handikurudzire kuisa etcd pamichina imwechete iyo patroni uye postgresql ichave iripo, sezvo dhisiki mutoro wakakosha zvakanyanya kune etcd. Asi nokuda kwezvinangwa zvedzidzo, tichaita izvozvo chaizvo.
Ngatiise etcd.

#!/bin/bash
apt-get update
apt-get install etcd

Wedzera zvirimo ku /etc/default/etcd faira

[nhengo]

ETCD_NAME=datanode1 # zita remushini wako
ETCD_DATA_DIR=”/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd”

ESE IP ADDRESS ANOFANIRA KUVA ZVINOGONA. LISTER PEER, CLIENT etc ANOFANIRA KUGADZIRWA IP ADDRESS OF HOST

ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.0.143:2380»# kero yemota yako
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.0.143:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379»# kero yemota yako

[chikwata]

ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.0.143:2380»# kero yemota yako
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER=»datanode1=http://192.168.0.143:2380,datanode2=http://192.168.0.144:2380,datanode3=http://192.168.0.145:2380» # kero dzemakina ese ari mu etcd cluster
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="nyowani"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster-1″
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.0.143:2379»# kero yemota yako

Mhanyai murairo

systemctl restart etcd

PostgreSQL 9.6 + patroni

Chinhu chekutanga chaunofanirwa kuita kuseta matatu chaiwo machina ekuisa software inodiwa pavari. Mushure mekuisa michina, kana iwe ukatevera dzidziso yangu, unogona kumhanyisa script iri nyore iyo (inenge) ichakuitira zvese. Inomhanya semudzi.

Ndokumbira utarise kuti script inoshandisa PostgreSQL vhezheni 9.6, izvi zvinokonzerwa nezvinodiwa zvemukati zvekambani yedu. Mhinduro haina kuedzwa pane dzimwe shanduro dzePostgreSQL.

#!/bin/bash
apt-get install gnupg -y
echo "deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ buster-pgdg main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
wget --quiet -O - https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc | apt-key add -
apt-get update
apt-get install postgresql-9.6 python3-pip python3-dev libpq-dev -y
systemctl stop postgresql
pip3 install --upgrade pip
pip install psycopg2
pip install patroni[etcd]
echo "
[Unit]
Description=Runners to orchestrate a high-availability PostgreSQL
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=simple

User=postgres
Group=postgres

ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/patroni /etc/patroni.yml

KillMode=process

TimeoutSec=30

Restart=no

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.targ
" > /etc/systemd/system/patroni.service
mkdir -p /data/patroni
chown postgres:postgres /data/patroni
chmod 700 /data/patroniпо
touch /etc/patroni.yml

Zvadaro, mu /etc/patroni.yml faira iwe uchangobva kugadzira, unofanira kuisa zvinotevera zviri mukati, hongu kushandura IP kero munzvimbo dzose kumakero aunoshandisa.
Teerera kune zvakataurwa mune iyi yaml. Chinja kero kuti ive yako pamushini wega wega uri musumbu.

/etc/patroni.yml

scope: pgsql # должно быть одинаковым на всех нодах
namespace: /cluster/ # должно быть одинаковым на всех нодах
name: postgres1 # должно быть разным на всех нодах

restapi:
    listen: 192.168.0.143:8008 # адрес той ноды, в которой находится этот файл
    connect_address: 192.168.0.143:8008 # адрес той ноды, в которой находится этот файл

etcd:
    hosts: 192.168.0.143:2379,192.168.0.144:2379,192.168.0.145:2379 # перечислите здесь все ваши ноды, в случае если вы устанавливаете etcd на них же

# this section (bootstrap) will be written into Etcd:/<namespace>/<scope>/config after initializing new cluster
# and all other cluster members will use it as a `global configuration`
bootstrap:
    dcs:
        ttl: 100
        loop_wait: 10
        retry_timeout: 10
        maximum_lag_on_failover: 1048576
        postgresql:
            use_pg_rewind: true
            use_slots: true
            parameters:
                    wal_level: replica
                    hot_standby: "on"
                    wal_keep_segments: 5120
                    max_wal_senders: 5
                    max_replication_slots: 5
                    checkpoint_timeout: 30

    initdb:
    - encoding: UTF8
    - data-checksums
    - locale: en_US.UTF8
    # init pg_hba.conf должен содержать адреса ВСЕХ машин, используемых в кластере
    pg_hba:
    - host replication postgres ::1/128 md5
    - host replication postgres 127.0.0.1/8 md5
    - host replication postgres 192.168.0.143/24 md5
    - host replication postgres 192.168.0.144/24 md5
    - host replication postgres 192.168.0.145/24 md5
    - host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5

    users:
        admin:
            password: admin
            options:
                - createrole
                - createdb

postgresql:
    listen: 192.168.0.143:5432 # адрес той ноды, в которой находится этот файл
    connect_address: 192.168.0.143:5432 # адрес той ноды, в которой находится этот файл
    data_dir: /data/patroni # эту директорию создаст скрипт, описанный выше и установит нужные права
    bin_dir:  /usr/lib/postgresql/9.6/bin # укажите путь до вашей директории с postgresql
    pgpass: /tmp/pgpass
    authentication:
        replication:
            username: postgres
            password: postgres
        superuser:
            username: postgres
            password: postgres
    create_replica_methods:
        basebackup:
            checkpoint: 'fast'
    parameters:
        unix_socket_directories: '.'

tags:
    nofailover: false
    noloadbalance: false
    clonefrom: false
    nosync: false

Iyo script inofanirwa kumhanyirwa pamakina ese matatu e cluster, uye iyo iri pamusoro inogadziriswa inofanirawo kuiswa mu /etc/patroni.yml faira pamichina yese.

Kana uchinge wapedza mashandiro aya pamakina ese ari musumbu, mhanyisa unotevera kuraira pane chero iwo

systemctl start patroni
systemctl start postgresql

Mirira masekonzi makumi matatu, wobva wamhanya uyu murairo pamichina yasara musumbu.

HAproxy

Isu tinoshandisa iyo inoshamisa HAproxy kupa imwechete poindi yekupinda. Iyo master server ichagara iripo kukero yemuchina unoiswa HAproxy.

Kuti usaite muchina neHAproxy imwe poindi yekutadza, isu tichaivhura mumudziyo weDocker; mune ramangwana inogona kuvhurwa muchikwata cheK8 uye kuita kuti failover cluster yedu iwedzere kuvimbika.

Gadzira dhairekitori paunogona kuchengeta mafaera maviri - Dockerfile uye haproxy.cfg. Enda kwairi.

dockerfile

FROM ubuntu:latest

RUN apt-get update 
    && apt-get install -y haproxy rsyslog 
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

RUN mkdir /run/haproxy

COPY haproxy.cfg /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

CMD haproxy -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg && tail -F /var/log/haproxy.log

Chenjerera, mitsetse mitatu yekupedzisira yehaproxy.cfg faira inofanira kunyora kero dzemichina yako. HAproxy ichabata Patroni, muHTTP misoro iyo master server inogara ichidzoka mazana maviri, uye replica inogara ichidzoka 200.

haproxy.cfg

global
    maxconn 100

defaults
    log global
    mode tcp
    retries 2
    timeout client 30m
    timeout connect 4s
    timeout server 30m
    timeout check 5s

listen stats
    mode http
    bind *:7000
    stats enable
    stats uri /

listen postgres
    bind *:5000
    option httpchk
    http-check expect status 200
    default-server inter 3s fall 3 rise 2 on-marked-down shutdown-sessions
    server postgresql1 192.168.0.143:5432 maxconn 100 check port 8008
    server postgresql2 192.168.0.144:5432 maxconn 100 check port 8008
    server postgresql3 192.168.0.145:5432 maxconn 100 check port 8008

Kuve mudhairekitori umo mafaera edu ese ari maviri "anonyepa," ngatiite zvakateerana mirairo yekurongedza mudziyo, pamwe nekuivhura nekuendesa mberi madoko anodiwa:

docker build -t my-haproxy .
docker run -d -p5000:5000 -p7000:7000 my-haproxy

Zvino, nekuvhura kero yemuchina wako neHAproxy mubrowser uye nekutsanangura port 7000, iwe uchaona manhamba pane yako cluster.

Sevha inova tenzi ichave iri UP state, uye replicas ichave iri DOWN state. Izvi zvakajairika, chokwadi vanoshanda, asi vanoonekwa nenzira iyi nekuti vanodzosera 503 kune zvikumbiro kubva kuHAproxy. Izvi zvinotitendera kuti tigare tichiziva chaizvo kuti ndeipi pamaseva matatu ari tenzi aripo.

mhedziso

Wakanaka! Mumaminetsi makumi matatu chete iwe waisa yakanakisa kukanganisa-kushivirira uye yakakwirira-inoshanda dhatabhesi cluster ine kutenderera kudzokororwa uye otomatiki inodzokera. Kana uri kuronga kushandisa mhinduro iyi, tarisa nezvinyorwa zvePatroni zviri pamutemo, uye kunyanya nechikamu chayo chine chekuita ne patronictl utility, iyo inopa mukana wakaringana wekutonga cluster yako.

Makorokoto!

Source: www.habr.com

Kuvaka inowanika PostgreSQL cluster uchishandisa Patroni, etcd, HAProxy