Munguva pfupi yapfuura, imwe yemapurogiramu akagoverwa komputa - SETI@Home, yaishandiswa kutsvaga chiratidzo chehungwaru kwakabva, ichiongorora data yakagamuchirwa ne300-mita Arecibo radio telescope, iyo yakavharwa parizvino, yakazivisawo kuvharwa kwayo, sezvo data rese kubva kutumirwa kweteresikopu uye isati yavharwa zvakagadziriswa zvinobudirira. Izvi zvakave zvinogoneka nekuda kwemamiriyoni akawanda evazvipiri - vashandisiwo zvavo vakapa emahara komputa simba remidziyo yavo yekuongorora data. Vamwe vavo vakatopinda mudambudziko rakakura nemutemo nekuda kwerudo rwavo - .
Uye kana kukosha kwekushandisa simba rakawanda remakomputa kutsvaga chiratidzo kubva kune yakangwara budiriro pakati pemamwe akawanda masaini eredhiyo akarekodhwa neteresikopu achiratidzika kunge asina chokwadi, saka mamwe mapurojekiti akaita seSETI@Home anoshandiswa zvakanyanya, kunyangwe nenyaya yekuti zvakafanana. apo kune zvimwe zvirwere zvakawanda nemabasa, zvichida zvisinganyanyi kukosha, uye zvichida zvakatonyanya. Nekune rumwe rutivi, nhau dzichangoburwa dzakawedzera vateveri ve400 kuchirongwa munguva pfupi kwazvo, iyo, kunyanya, ichabatsira mune ramangwana kugadzira mishonga yemamwe matambudziko.
Asi chinonyanya kushamisa ndeye kufambira mberi yenyika yedu, uye gore rino kuwedzera kwayo kunogona kuteverwa. Folding@Home parizvino ndiyo yakakura kwazvo kuparidzirwa komputa chirongwa chesainzi, ine 470 petaflops pairi, inodarika kaviri kuita kwesupercomputing system. , asi panguva imwecheteyo, 81000000/470 = 172 340 nguva yakaderera pane kushanda kwepasirese simba rakaparadzirwa computing system, iyo inoshumira iwe unofungei? Bitcoin! Uye ine kuita kweanenge 81 miriyoni petaflops.
Ichi chinyorwa kuedza kukwevera pfungwa kune dambudziko, uye zvichida shandura kutarisa kweumwe munhu anobatanidzwa mumigodhi ye cryptocurrency kumabasa anokosha chaizvo, nokuti haugoni kutenga hupenyu hwekristptocurrency nemari, kunyange zvazvo, zvechokwadi, kune zvikomborero kubva mumigodhi. . Vagadziri vemapurazi emakombiyuta, vatengesi vemagetsi uye nzvimbo dzedata vanowana pavanhu ava.
Isu, semupi wekutambira, dzimwe nguva tine zviwanikwa zvemahara, asi isu tinomanikidzwa kubhadhara zvinokatyamadza mabhiri emagetsi, ayo, sezvatinoona, anopedzerwa zvakanyanya kana maneja wechikoro akakwanisa kukonzeresa kukuvadzwa kweiyo 10 miriyoni emadhora mu1,5. makore. Naizvozvo, isu hatiisi akadaro akaparadzirwa macomputer masisitimu pamaseva uye hatikurudzire migodhi zvachose, nekuti inodhura uye isina maturo, uye hapana anoda peak mitoro pane network. Chimwe chinhu ndechekumusha kana hofisi vashandisi vega. Kana iwe uine mukana wekumhanyisa imwe mhando yemakomputa maitiro, mukuwedzera kune migodhi cryptocurrencies, uchishandisa simba risina basa, izvi zvinogona kuunza zvakakosha kwauri uye nesainzi kunyanya. Ingo nyoresa mune imwe yemapurojekiti - Folding@Home kana BOINC yekusarudza kubva. Uye iwe zvechokwadi uchaita mupiro wako. Chimwe chinhu mupiro kune chii uye ichave yakakosha sezvainotaurwa?
chirongwa chinopa nguva isingashandiswe pakombuta yako yezvirongwa zvesainzi zvakaita se: SETI@home, Climateprediction.net, Rosetta@home, World Community Grid nezvimwe zvakawanda. Mushure mekuisa BOINC pakombuta yako, iwe unozogona kusarudza uye kutora chikamu mumapurojekiti akati wandei panguva imwe chete, ndeapi aunozvisarudzira. Panzvimbo pane mukana wekusarudza zviverengero zvesainzi zvaunoda kuita.
(F@H, FAH) ipurojekiti yekombuta yakagoverwa yecomputer simulation yeprotein kupeta. Chirongwa ichi chakatangwa muna Gumiguru 1, 2000 nemasayendisiti kubva kuStanford University. Muna 2017, Bitcoin yakava iyo hombe yakagoverwa komputa chirongwa, ichipfuura Folding@Home. Nekudaro, muna Kurume 2020, zvese zvakachinja:
Musi waKurume 14, 2020, hofori yehunyanzvi NVIDIA Corporation yakadana vatambi kuti vashandise simba remakomputa avo epamba kurwisa coronavirus. Mazuva mashoma gare gare, CoreWeave, mugodhi mukuru weUS paEthereum blockchain, akazivisa kuti yaive kujoinha kurwisa coronavirus. Iyo Russian telecom hofori yeMTS hainawo kumira parutivi uye yakazivisa kuti zviwanikwa zvegore zvichanangidzirwa kuFolding@Home chirongwa kuitira kuti ikurumidze kuita basa rekutsvaga mushonga weiyo coronavirus itsva.
Vhiki ina mushure mekujoinha F @ H mukurwisa coronavirus, Greg Bowman akataura kuti vazvipiri zviuru mazana mana pasi rese vakapinda muchirongwa ichi. Nekuwanda kwevashandisi vatsva mushure mekuzivisa kuti F@H iri kujoinha kurwisa coronavirus nyowani, kugona kweprojekiti kwakawedzera kusvika pa400 petaflops. Saka, iyo Folding @ Home purojekiti inogona kunzi iyo ine simba rakakura kwazvo pasirese, yechipiri chete kuBitcoin, ine simba 000 petaflops.
Musi waKurume 26, 2020, iyo yakazara komputa simba retiweki yakapfuura 1,5 exaflops, iyo inenge yakaenzana nekuita kwese kwese supercomputers muTOP500 yenyika chinzvimbo - 1,65 exaflops.
Musi waApril 12, 2020, iyo yakazara komputa simba retiweki yakapfuura 2,4 exaflops, uye muna Kubvumbi 23 - 2,6.
Nekudaro, izvi zvichiri pazasi pekuita kweBitcoin system, iyo vatori vechikamu vanogonawo kupawo. Asi zvichida kusava nehanya kwekuziva kunodzivirira izvi kuti zvirege kuitwa, kana zvichida chikonzero chakasiyana zvachose?
Ini pachangu ndaiziva nezve SETI@Home purojekiti, uye ndakatotora chikamu kwenguva yakati muna 2004-2006, kudzamara ndafunga kuti kukosha kwezviverengero izvi kunosvika ku0, asi ndaisaziva zvachose nezve Folding@Home, iyo yakaronga nevakawanda. zvidzidzo zvemakore ekuverenga zviri mberi uye zvichida zvakanyanya kukosha (kunze kwekunge wafunga kuti vakakundwa neshungu dzepasi rose kugadzira mushonga wekudzivirira chirwere chimwe chete, nepo zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvakamiswa). Uye zvakabudirira kuve chikamu chetiweki kwechinguva:
Zvakangodaro, mushure mekushandisa kwenguva pfupi (inenge vhiki yekombuta yakasimba), mushure mekupa Mac yangu yekuchenesa, sevhisi yakandiudza kuti: "Takatsiva paste inopisa pane yako vhidhiyo kadhi, sezvo yakangooma, wanga uchishanda nayo. mifananidzoβ?
Wagadzirira here kuita rudzi urwu rwekuverenga mahara nekuda kwe "sainzi", kana zvisiri pachena kuti ndevapi vanhu vanoisa COVID-19 pamberi, iyo, sezvakatoratidzwa muSweden, haikonzeri chero matambudziko, nepo. zvimwe zvidzidzo zvinova yechipiri nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero, kunyange zvichida zvakanyanya kukosha? Kana nekuda kwenhamba dzisina chokwadi muBitcoin wallet, izvo zviri pachena zvisingabhadhare mari yako yekusimbisa uye kuchengetedza komputa yako (uye kunyangwe ikadaro, haina basa)?
Ini pachangu handidaro. Naizvozvo, akabvisa Folding@Home chirongwa, achizvisarudzira kuti ese aya "akagoverwa komputa" anenge akakosha seBitcoin. Mushure mezvose, zvakava pachena kwandiri kuti kana chimwe chinhu chikagadziridzwa nekuda kwekuverenga uku, saka, nhamo, ichatengeswa kumakambani emishonga nemari chaiyo, iyo ichakubhadhara iwe neni nemishonga. Uye kana isu tichibhadhariswa mushonga, zvine musoro kuti vatori vechikamu vabhadharwe imwe mari yezviwanikwa zvavo zvekombuta, ipapo chirongwa chetsvakiridzo chakanyorwa mumepu yemugwagwa chichava chinonzwisisika (uye kwete paSeti@Home level, kubva iyo, se. mhedzisiro, kukuvadza kwakawanda, kupfuura kunaka, sezvo huwandu hukuru hwezviwanikwa hwakashandiswa pasina chero mhedzisiro), uye zvidzidzo izvi zvinofanirwa kubhadharwa zvakanyanya nemakambani emishonga anozotengesa mimwe mishonga kwauri neni.
Uye sezvo vashoma vangave vanogadzira zvinodhaka vachida kugovera bhajeti uye mari Folding@Home nevashandisi vayo, kukosha kweprojekiti kune mubvunzo zvakanyanya. Zvikasadaro, sei makambani emishonga asiri kupa mari chirongwa ichi nevashandisi vawo mukuwanda?
Mushure mezvose, zvingave zvichikwanisika kukwezva vanhu vakawanda kupurojekiti, vachivimbisa, kunyange zvishoma, asi mubhadharo wezviwanikwa zvavo. Izvo zvingave zvakatendeseka uye kuratidza chiyero chekushandisa. Mari yekubhadhara vashandisi inogona kutorwa kubva kumakambani emishonga anoda kugoverwa zviwanikwa zvekombuyuta kugadzira mimwe mishonga, uye inogona kugoverwa zvakaenzanirana pakati pevashandisi, zvichienderana nekuti yakawanda sei yezviwanikwa zvavakapa kune ichi kana chidzidzo ichocho. Uye zvakare kubva kumabhajeti ehurumende uye mutero, nekuti nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero iyo hadron collider inopihwa mari? Wadii kupa mari yepurojekiti inobatsira kana ichibatsira kuwana kurapwa kweParkinson, cancer, uye zvimwe zvirwere?
Zviripachena, mabhenefiti emapurojekiti aya akaenzana nemabhenefiti epurojekiti yekutsvaga budiriro yekunze kwenyika, zvikasadaro zvese zvaizopihwa mari nemakambani emishonga uye nekushingaira kushandisa zvawanikwa. Kana aya masangano "anopa rubatsiro" ari kutotengesa data kwavari, achikurudzira vashandisi, vanokwezvwa kune chirongwa chemahara, kufunga kuti vari kushandira kubatsira kwevanhu vese. Kunyange zvazvo vachiunza chikamu chiduku chekubatsira, uye kunyanya kune avo vanoshanda mumapurojekiti aya sevatungamiri, shure kwezvose, ndiani anokudzivisa kuti urege kubata mumwe munhu kubva musangano uye kumukurudzira zvishoma mune zvemari kuti asunda kuburikidza neizvi kana kuti tsvakurudzo?
Zvinoshamisa kuti nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero pamambure, hapana akambobvunza mibvunzo iyi. Uyezve, makambani makuru akaita seAmazon uye kunyange vafambisi venhare vakapinda mupurojekiti, vachivimbisa vanhuwo zvavo - vanogona "vakakuvadzwa" vekushambadzira, yekubatsira kwakanyanya kwechinhu ichi chose.
Ndeapi maonero ako panyaya iyi? Zvichida ndiri kukanganisa uye sainzi inokura chete nekuda kwekuzvipira pamwe chete kutora chikamu mune chimwe chinhu? - zvichida chinyorwa ichi chichava mhinduro yakanaka kumubvunzo wechipiri uye ichaita kuti vanhu vakawanda vafunge vasati vatenda zvitsvene kune philanthropists.
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Source: www.habr.com