🥇Nhungamiro kune akangwara magetsi metering muRussia (yemagetsi mainjiniya nevatengi)

Iyo Smart Accounting Guide inovhara zvese zvakakosha zvikamu zveiyi maitiro - zvemutemo, zvehunyanzvi, zvesangano uye zvehupfumi.

Ini ndinoshandira kambani yemagetsi yedunhu, uye munguva yangu yemahara ini ndinofarira nhoroondo yeindasitiri yemagetsi emagetsi uye dzidziso yemisika yemagetsi.

Iwe unogona kunge wakanzwa kuti shanduko yekuenda smart simba metering. Isu tose tiri vashandisi vemagetsi - kumba kana kubasa, uye mita chinhu chakakosha chekushandisa kwedu simba (kuverengwa kwayo kwakapetwa nemitero ndiyo mutero wedu, izvo zvatinofanira kubhadhara). Ndinovimba Nhungamiro yangu yeSmart Metering ichakubatsira kuti unzwisise kuti chii, mashandiro ayo, uye kuti zvichaitika riini mumba mako, muhofisi, kana bhizinesi.

1. Chii chinonzi smart accounting?

Kutanga, ngatitsanangure pfungwa. Kune nguva dzose counter (Zvadaro tichazotaura nezvemamita emagetsi, sezvo mutemo unopa kuiswa kwehuwandu hwemagetsi emagetsi ekugadzirisa chete ikozvino, uye kune zvimwe zviwanikwa - mvura, kupisa, gasi - hapana chokwadi zvakadaro). Regular counter:

inongoona simba sehuwandu hwekuwedzera (kune zvakare akawanda-mutero masisitimu ayo anoverengera kuwanda kwenzvimbo mbiri kana nhatu dzezuva - masikati, husiku, hafu-yepamusoro);
Iwe unofanirwa kutora kuverenga kubva pakuratidzwa kwayo kamwe chete pamwedzi uye kuiendesa kune mutengesi (kana makambani emagetsi anotumira vatongi kuti vatore kuverenga);
haikubvumiri kuti udzore mashandisirwo emagetsi (semuenzaniso, dzima munhu anokanganisa).

Lifehack yekufambisa kuverenga kwemamita
Nenzira, nezve kuendesa kuverenga kubva kumamita akajairwa: vatengesi vazhinji vane account yavo pawebhusaiti yavo uye nharembozha yaunogona kukurumidza uye nyore kutumira kuverenga, kugamuchira invoice yemagetsi uye kuribhadhara - tarisa! Ingonyora mukutsvaga zita remupi wako (tora kubva kune yako magetsi bhiri) uye mazwi "personal account", "mobile application".

Nekupararira uye kuderedzwa kwemutengo we microprocessors mu90s - 2000s, zvakave zvichikwanisika kubatanidza zvemagetsi mumamita. Nzira iri nyore ndeyekuibatanidza mumamita emagetsi - shure kwezvose, ine simba risingaperi kubva kunetiweki uye kesi yakakura. Aya ndiwo maitiro avakaita "smart metres" uye accounting masisitimu - ASKUE, AISKUE (aya mapfupiso anoreva otomatiki yekutengesa simba metering system). Zvinhu zvakakosha zveAISKUE:

mita yakadaro haifungi simba chete, asiwo simba, rinoshanda uye rinoshanda, uye unogona kuita izvi mukati paawa uye chikamu chimwe nechimwe, iyo inotopa iyo yekutanga trickle yeBIG DATA muchikamu chesimba;
counter yakadaro anorangarira mune yakavakirwa-mukati ndangariro verenga maitiro uye inotumira kuverenga kune server (pamwe chete, kuverenga kunogona kutariswa kubva kune yakavakirwa-mukati kana kure kure kuratidza);
smart mita inogona kuva yakavakirwa-mukati relay, kudzikisira nekuraira kubva kune server yemutengi anotadzaa;
izvi kazhinji maviri- kana matatu-level masisitimu: Iyo mita (yekutanga nhanho) inotumira data kungave zvakananga kune sevha kana kune yekuunganidza mudziyo (yechipiri nhanho), iyo inosanganisa iyo data uye kuiendesa kune server (yechitatu nhanho).

MuRussia, iyo AIIS KUE system (yakaoma uye inodhura) inofanirwa kuwanikwa neavo vanotenga nekutengesa magetsi paWholesale Electricity uye Capacity Market (WEC) (musika uyu wakatanga kushanda zvishoma muna 2005, nguva iyo shanduko yemagetsi emagetsi yakatanga, uye ikozvino iripo Iyo yakawanda yakawanda yesimba inogadzirwa inotengwa uye inotengeswa). Uye zvakare, vatengi vari mumusika wekutengesa magetsi unosvika 670 kW vanodiwa kuti vape metering yeawa (kureva, mune imwe fomu kana imwe yeAISKUE) yedunhu ravo rekushandisa. Aya ndiwo mazana evatengi munharaunda imwe neimwe.

Asi kune vanopfuura 90% yevashandisi vese vemagetsi, kusanganisira dzimba nemabhizinesi madiki, kusvika nguva pfupi yadarika mutero mukuru waive mutero wechiyero chimwe chete kana mutero unoenderana nenzvimbo dzemasikati (masikati-usiku), uye mita yaive yenguva dzose, kwete. mumwe "akachenjera".

Individual network, kutengesa simba uye manejimendi makambani akaita zvirongwa zvekushongedza vatengi nehuchenjeri metering, asi zvese izvi zvakaverengera chikamu chidiki chevatengi vese.

Asi munguva pfupi yapfuura pfungwa yakaonekwa mumutemo "smart metering mudziyo" и "intelligent accounting system". Izvi zvakasiyana sei ne "smart mita" uye ASKUE? Izvo zvave kunzi "zvakangwara" mudziyo wakadaro kana accounting system iyo zvinoenderana neseti yezvakatsanangurwa zviri pamutemo zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi, "minimum performance of intelligent energy (simba) metering systems".

Kana mita kana sisitimu isingaenderane navo, asi inobvumidza iwe kuti utore otomatiki uye kuendesa data kune server, isu tichiri kudaidza mita yakadai "smart" uye accounting system - AISKUE.

Ngationei kuti ndeupi rudzi rwemitemo inodiwa kuzadzikiswa kunoita kuti mita (metering system) ive nehungwaru?

2. Ndeipi mitemo yeRussian Federation inogadzirisa mitemo uye zvinodiwa zvehungwaru accounting?

Kusvikira ikozvino, mari yekutenga mita yemagetsi yakatakurwa nemutengi. Izvi hazvina kukodzera vanhu vazhinji, nekuti

"Mutengi haaendi kumusika nezvikero zvake, mutengesi ngaave nezvikero"?..

Asi pakutanga kwekugadzirisa magetsi, mutongi akasarudza kuti mutero waizobvisirwa mari yemetering, kuti kuiswa kwemamita ibasa rakabhadharwa rakasiyana, uye mutengi, achibhadhara mita nekuisa, ane kodzero yekusarudza: kana kuisa iyo yakachipa imwechete-tariff mita, kana imwe inodhura mita inobvumira kuverenga nenzvimbo dzezuva kana kunyange neawa, uye sarudza imwe yemhando nhatu dzemitero mune yemitero menyu (huwandu) kana kusvika 3-4 mutengo zvikamu. (sangano repamutemo).

FZ (Federal Law) No. 522 "Pamusoro pe smart accounting..." akaita shanduko ku Federal Law No. 35, iyo inotsanangura zvakakosha zvinodiwa muindasitiri yemagetsi maererano ne accounting.

Muchokwadi, pane 3 shanduko yakakosha:

(1) Kutanga kubva Chikunguru 1, 2020, basa rekuisa metering rinopfuura kubva kumutengi kuenda:

network makambani - maererano nevatengi vese vanobatana netiweki yavo, kunze kwezvivakwa zvefurati) uye
kuvimbisa vatengesi (aya ndiwo makambani ekutengesa magetsi anokupa simba uye akabudisa mabhiri) - pamusuwo weimba yeimba uye mukati mezvivakwa zveimba, i.e. dzimba nenzvimbo dzisiri dzekugara dzakabatanidzwa kune intra-house magetsi network);

Mune mamwe mazwi, mutengo wemamita zvino uchatakurwa nemutengi kwete zvakananga uye panguva, panguva yekuiswa kwechigadzirwa, asi zvisina kunanga - ivo vanozoverengerwa mutero wekuvimbisa vatengesi uye makambani etiweki (verenga nezve kuti izvi zvichakanganisa sei mutero uri pazasi).

(2) Kubva muna Ndira 1, 2022, ese akaiswa metering zvishandiso anofanirwa kuve akangwara (ndiko kuti, enderana "minimum functionality" inotsanangurwa neHurumende Decree No. 890), uye mutengi ane mudziyo wakadaro akaisirwa achawana mukana wekuverenga kwayo (sei uye zvekuita nazvo - ona pazasi).

Ndokunge, kubva Chikunguru 1, 2020 kusvika Zvita 31, 2021, zvakajairwa metering zvishandiso zvichaiswa zvichibhadhariswa mitero yemakambani emagetsi (asi mune mamwe matunhu uko mari ye smart metering yakaverengerwa mutero kare, smart michina ichave. yakaiswa yakazara kana muchidimbu), uye chete kubva 1 Muna Ndira 2022, smart metres ichatanga kuisirwa munyika yese (asi kwete nekukurumidza - ona "Ndichawana riini metering uye ichaita marii?").

(3) Kubva muna Ndira 1, 2021, vese vanogadzira vanoraira zvivakwa zvemafurati vanofanirwa kuvashongedza nemamita akangwara., ipa midziyo iyi kune anovimbisa mutengesi, uye mutengesi anovimbisa anozvibatanidza kune yayo smart metering system uye nekupa mukana wekuverenga kwavo kune varidzi vedzimba nenzvimbo dzisiri dzekugara.

Ngatipfupikisai. 3 mazuva ekupedzisira anotsanangurwa:

Chikunguru 1, 2020 - kubva zvino zvichienda mberi zvese zvichangobva kuisirwa metering zvishandiso kutsiva izvo zvisiri kurongeka, zvakarasika, kana neyakapera calibration interval (kunze kweavo vakaiswa nevagadziri mudzimba dziri kuvakwa) - pamutengo wemakambani etiweki uye vanovimbisa vatengesi (mudzimba dzemafurati), zvisinei, hazvisi zvese zvishandiso zvakadaro zvichave zvakangwara zvakadaro;
Ndira 1, 2021 - kubva zvino zvichienda mberi, zvivakwa zvese zvemafurati zvichangobva kupihwa zvinofanirwa kunge zvine smart metres;
Ndira 1, 2022 - kubva zvino zvichienda mberi, ese matsva metres anofanirwa kuve akangwara, uye mutengi ane mita yakadai anofanira kupihwa kure kure kune kuverenga kwayo.

3. Chii chinoita mita yakangwara?

Kana ukavhura PP Nhamba 890 yemusi wa19.06.2020/XNUMX/XNUMX, iwe uchaona refu, akati wandei-peji runyorwa rwehunyanzvi maitiro eiyo smart mita. Saka, iyo shoma vhezheni ye smart mita inoita sei uye inoitei? Heino pfupiso yekukurumidza:

Kunze kunoratidzika seyenguva dzose counterzvichida antenna diki chete inogona kuratidza kuti mita yakangwara;
Iine yakavakirwa-mukati ratidza pauri iwe unogona kuona zvakanyanya maparamendi pane pane yenguva dzose, kana chiratidziro chiri kure (mamwe mamita akaiswa padanda, uye mutengi anogamuchira mudziyo une chiratidziro chakabatana kune network, iyo "inotaurirana" nemamita, kazhinji kuburikidza nemagetsi network - PLC tekinoroji);
Iyo terminal bhokisi (inosanganisira 2 waya "phase" uye "zero", uye 2 inobuda kana mita iri single-phase) uye mita yemamita yakavharwa. electronic chisimbiso - kana vavhurwa, kupinda kunoitwa mugiyo rechiitiko (uye chiratidzo chekuvhura chinobuda pachiratidziri), uye danda riri mundangariro dzisingaite uye haisi kudzimwa kana simba radzimwa. Iyo logi zvakare inorekodha kuitika kwezvinetso muhardware uye software yechishandiso, kubviswa kubva kunetiweki uye kubatana kune network, shanduko dzakakosha mumhando yeparamita. Magnetic minda inotariswa zvakare - semuenzaniso, kana ukuru hweiyo magineti induction vector yakapfuura 150 mT, izvi zvakanyorwa sechiitiko chine zuva uye nguva yakanyorwa;
Magnet uye counter
Usambofa wakaisa magineti padhuze ne smart mita - kazhinji haizoikuvadza, asi iwe unozopihwa mhosva yekukanganisa mita!
Kuti uwane ma paramita emudziyo (kubatanidza kune mudziyo zvakananga kuburikidza ne optical port, RS-485 kana kubva kune server), iwe uchada chitupa uye chokwadi (kureva, login nekupinda uye password);
Meta inoyera simba kwete chete kugamuchirwa, asiwo kudzoka. Panguva imwecheteyo, tinocherechedza kuti muRussia ikozvino inobvumirwa nemutemo kuisa windmill kana bhatiri rezuva rine simba rinosvika 15 kW muimba yega. Iyo smart mita inoverengera awa yega kuti wapedza marii uye kuti yakawanda sei yawakaisa munetiweki;
Counter inoverenga simba neawa - hongu, maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva (nekuchengetedza kwemazuva makumi mapfumbamwe), nepo ichiverenga ese ari maviri simba rinoshanda (iyo iyo mutengi anobhadhara chaizvo) uye reactive simba (ichi chikamu chesimba rose rinogadzirwa, semuenzaniso, mumagetsi emagetsi , uye "inofamba" kuburikidza netiweki, kukanganisa mitemo uye kugadzira kurasikirwa). Energy metering inogoneka kunyangwe miniti yega yega (kunyangwe ndangariro iripo ichashandiswa nekukurumidza). Accuracy class yehuwandu hwevanhu uye mabhizinesi madiki ndeye 1.0 yesimba rinoshanda (kureva kuti, kukanganisa kwekuyera kuri mukati me1%, iyi inokanganisa ka2 kashoma pane zvave kuitika nemamita akajairwa) uye 2.0 kune reactive simba;
Muchikamu chimwe nechimwe chinoverengwa phase voltage, phase yazvino, inoshanda, reactive uye inooneka simba muchikamu, ikozvino kusaenzana pakati pechikamu uye neutera waya (yeimwe-chikamu), network frequency.. Intelligent system inorekodha nguva dzekutyora kwemhando parameters ine 10-maminetsi epakati: saka, inononoka vheji yemagetsi mukati menguva yemaminitsi gumi inofanira kunge iri mukati me ± 10% (10-207V), uye overvoltage inobvumirwa kusvika +253%, kana 20V kubva kune vamwe. GOST 29322-2014 (IEC 60038: 2009) "Standard voltages" 230 Volt. Izvi zvinoshandura mita kuita node yekutarisa mamiriro etiweki uye ma parameter ayo (modes) ekushanda, uye makumi nemazana ezviuru zvemidziyo yakadaro munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzetiweki inogadzira yakakosha BIG DATA rukova nezve mamiriro esimba. system.
Kaunda ine wachi yakavakirwa-mukati ine chikanganiso chisingapfuure 5 sec/zuva, yakavakirwa-mukati simba rekupa kwavari (kureva kuti, nguva haichinji kana simba radzimwa), nekuenderana nekunze kwekunze kwezviratidzo zvenguva;
Chinhu chakakosha che smart mita ndiyo nzira yacho hukama nezvimwe zvinhu zvehungwaru accounting system (mamwe maturusi, kuunganidza data uye kutapurirana zvishandiso - USPD, base zviteshi, server). Nzira dzinotevera dzinoshandiswa (kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, ona pazasi - Ndeapi smart metering masisitimu aripo?): kutaurirana kuburikidza ne low-voltage conductor (yakamonyoroka pair, RS-485), kutaurirana kuburikidza nemagetsi network (PLC tekinoroji), kutaurirana kuburikidza neredhiyo chiteshi (kana yakatsaurirwa kutaurirana frequency neiyo base station, kana kuti yakavakirwa mukati GPRS-modem ine SIM kadhi, WiFi haiwanzo kushandiswa);
Pakupedzisira, rimwe remabasa akanyanya kukosha yakavakirwa-mukati switching mudziyo wekudzikamisa / kumisa kushandiswa. Inoita muganhu (kudzikisira simba kana kudzima zvachose, zvichienderana nemudziyo) paunogamuchira chiratidzo kubva kune server. Izvi zvinogona kuva zvirambidzo zvakarongwa kana zvirambidzo zvekusabhadhara. Asi iyo mita inogona kurongerwa kudzima kana iyo yakatarwa paramita munetiweki, mashandisiro emagetsi, kana kuyedza kuwana kusingatenderwe yakapfuura. Kugadziriswa mune "kudzima" uye "pa" zvinzvimbo zvakare kunogoneka pane mudziyo wemudziyo. Zvechokwadi, kana mita iri transformer-yakabatana, haigoni kuva nerelay yakadaro;
saka interval pakati verifications mudziyo wakaoma kudaro unoramba wakangofanana neicho chezvakajairwa metering zvishandiso: angangoita makore gumi nematanhatu echikamu chimwe chete uye angangoita makore gumi ezvikamu zvitatu. (Kuona kusimbiswa kwekutevedzwa kwemidziyo yekuyera ine metrological maitiro, anoitwa uchishandisa yakakosha michina).

Ngatipfupikisai: mita yakangwara inzvimbo ine simba yedata kune vese mutengi, mutengesi, uye yese simba system panzvimbo yetiweki payakabatana. Asi iyi haisi mita, asi chinhu chinoshanda: inogona kuita muganhu uye kupa chiratidzo chekuvhiringidza mubasa rayo.

4. Ndeapi marudzi e smart metering masisitimu aripo?

Ese akangwara metering masisitimu (MIS) anogona kukamurwa kuita akati wandei marudzi.

Nezvivakwa:

(1) MIS ine huwandu hushoma hwemazinga - maviri (mita pachayo uye sevha inochengeterwa kuverenga, uye kune iyo data iyo mutengi anowana kuburikidza nemamita ake);

(2) MIS ine mazinga epakati - angangoita imwe - iyi ndiyo nhanho yekuunganidza data kubva pamamita kuenda kune yekuunganidza data uye kutumira mudziyo (DCT) kana kune base chiteshi. Iyo USPD inowanzobatanidzwa kuburikidza netiweki yemagetsi (PLC tekinoroji, Power line kutaurirana - kuendesa data kuburikidza netiweki yemagetsi pane yakakwirira frequency). Iyo base chiteshi inoshandisa maredhiyo eiyo isina rezenisi spectrum: 2,4 GHz, 868/915 MHz, 433 MHz, 169 MHz ine huwandu hunosvika gumi km mumutsara wekuona. Padanho reUSPD, iyo base station, data inounganidzwa kubva pamamita (poll yemamita), data inotumirwa kune server (kazhinji kuburikidza neGPRS modem), pamwe neruzivo rwunogamuchirwa kubva kuseva uye rwunotumirwa kumamita. . Uye zvakare, dzimwe nguva zvishandiso pachazvo zvinogona kuendesa chiratidzo cheumwe neumwe mberi netiweki. Iwo maseva pachawo anogona zvakare kuve akawanda-level system.

Zvinoenderana neiyo nzira (tekinoroji) yekutaurirana, IMS inogona kushandisa anotevera tekinoroji:

(1) Kutumira data kuburikidza ne-low-voltage isiri-simba network (akamonyoroka maviri, akaiswa mumabhokisi akakosha muzvivakwa zvefurati, mahofisi, mabhizinesi kana RS-485, kubatanidza kune USPD iri pedyo). Kubatsira kweiyi nzira dzimwe nguva kudhura kwayo kwakaderera (kunge paine mabhokisi emahara kana maviri akamonyoroka akaiswa kare). Kukanganisa - yakamonyoroka tambo tambo kana yakashandiswa pamwero mukuru (40-200 metres muchivako chimwe nechimwe chefurati) ichave iri pasi pekutadza kwakawanda zvakaenzana uye nekupwanya nemaune, izvo zvichawedzera mutengo wekugadzirisa zvisingaenzaniswi.

(2) Kuendesa data kuburikidza nemagetsi network (PLC tekinoroji) kubva pamamita kuenda kuUSPD. Inotevera - GPRS modem kune server.
Iyi tekinoroji inowedzera mutengo wemamita akasiyana, mutengo weUSPD ine modem, iyo yakaiswa pa20 - 40 - 100 metres mumba, inowedzerawo mutengo weiyo system ne10-20% pa metering point. Panogona kunge paine ruzha rwekumanikidza mune network (somuenzaniso, kubva kune yekare midziyo), iyo inogona kuderedza kuvimbika uye inoda kuwedzera kwenhamba yesarudzo. Kuti uise USPD ine modem, unofanirwa kuve neinokiya yekupinza mudziyo (cabinet) muchivako chefurati, nzvimbo mairi, kana kutenga uye kusungirira pamadziro bhokisi resimbi rakachengeteka, rinovharika, risingapindi mbavha.

Nekudaro, tekinoroji yePLC-USPD inoshandiswa zvakanyanya; yatove rudzi rwe "basic standard" mune akangwara metering masisitimu, ayo anoongororwa mamwe mhinduro.

(3) Kuendesa data kuburikidza neredhiyo chiteshi (LPWAN - LoRaWAN matekinoroji), nepo metres iine yakakosha radio module uye antenna, uye munzvimbo dzine vanhu munzvimbo dzakakwirira, zviteshi zvepasi kana hubs zvakaiswa zvinogashira masaini kubva kumamita mazhinji uye zvimwe zvigadziriso zvepamba. Zvakanakira izvi masisitimu ndezvi:

Yakakura yekuvhara radius - kusvika ku10-15 km mumutsara wakatwasuka mukusavapo kwezvipingamupinyi;
Kugona kwekubatanidza akawanda maturusi (akasiyana marudzi emamita, akangwara emidziyo yemumba) mukati meradius yekugamuchira yebase station;
Mutengo weiyo base station, kuisirwa kwayo uye kugadzirisa pane imwe metering point mune dzimwe nguva inogona kunge yakaderera pane mutengo wechinhu chekutora data papoint.

Zvakaipa zveLPWAN - LoRaWAN masisitimu:

Kushaikwa kwemaitiro akafanana, hutsva hwehurongwa;
Kudikanwa kwekugadzira network yezviteshi zvepasi zvinopa kuvharwa kwakavimbiswa kwekugara kwega - dhizaini, kuverenga uye bvunzo pasi zvinodikanwa;
Iko kudikanwa kwekurenda nzvimbo (zvibvumirano nevaridzi, masangano ekutungamira) yezvivakwa zvirefu kuti zvigare chiteshi chepasi, antenna, magetsi - izvi zvinoomesa zvinhu zvichienzaniswa nekuisa USPD, inoda nzvimbo diki mune yekuisa mudziyo kana yakaparadzana inovharika. bhokisi pamadziro;
Kuderera kwekutapurirana kumhanya (zvisinei, ichi chinogumira hachina kukosha kune metering masisitimu, uko kuvhota kwemamita kunofanirwa kuitika kamwe chete pazuva kwemamita mapoinzi anopfuura 150 kW, kana kamwe chete pasvondo kune wese wese: huwandu hwevanhu uye masangano emutemo asingasviki 150 kW, kuverenga kusvika ku80-90% mapoinzi ese);
Paunenge uchipfuura nepamadziro, kupindirana kwechiratidzo kunopera simba, uye mamwe maturusi ane kusagadzikana kwekutaurirana anogona kuoneka (iwe unozofanirwa kutamisa antenna yemuchina kune imwe "inobata" nzvimbo);
Munzvimbo diki dzekugara, dzine zviuru munharaunda imwe neimwe yeEuropean Russia (kubva kune imwe kusvika kugumi mamita mapoinzi mune imwe neimwe), mhinduro iyi ichave inodhura zvakanyanya pa metering point;
Chekupedzisira, chimwe chezvirambidzo zvemutemo ndicho chinodiwa chePP 890: nhamba yemamita ane basa rinodzikamisa rinodzorwa nechiteshi chakadaro hachifanirwe kudarika 750. Ndiko kuti, pane kugovera mutengo wechiteshi chakadaro pamusoro pezviuru kana kunyange makumi zviuru zvemidziyo mumhando, isu hatifanire kunyoresa isingapfuure 750 yakananga mamita ekubatanidza mairi).
Nei vachirambidzwa zvakadaro?
Kurambidzwa uku kwakaunzwa kuti kuderedze njodzi yekuti muparidzi, awana mukana kune mudziyo wakadaro, anogona panguva imwe chete kudzima simba kune nhamba huru yevatengi ...

(4) Metering zvishandiso zvine yakavakirwa-mukati GPRS modem. Iyi ndiyo mhinduro yekushongedza mapoinzi madiki, pamwe neaya mapoinzi muzvivakwa zvemafurati uye zvimwe zvivakwa zvisingasvikwe neiyo data transmission system kana base station. Kana iyo IMS muguta yakavakirwa pahwaro hweUSPD, saka kune dzimba diki dzine 2-4-10 dzimba dzeUSPD dzinogona kuve dzinodhura pane imwe metering point pane mudziyo une yakavakirwa-mukati GPRS modem. Asi iyo yakashata yemamita ine yakavakirwa-mukati GPRS modem ndiyo yakakwira mutengo uye mari yekushandisa (iwe unofanirwa kubhadhara pamwedzi SIM kadhi kune imwe neimwe mudziyo wakadaro kune akati wandei ekukurukurirana pamwedzi). Uye zvakare, huwandu hukuru hwemidziyo yakadai inotumira data kune sevha inoda chiteshi chakakura kuti ugamuchire mameseji akadaro: chinhu chimwe kuvhota zviuru zviteshi zvedata uye zviteshi zvepasi mudunhu, uye chimwe chinhu kuvhota mazana ezviuru mumwe nomumwe metering zvishandiso. Nechinangwa ichi, nhanho yepakati inogadzirwa kubva kuUSPD uye (kana) zviteshi zvepasi.

Nekubatana (muridzi)

Intelligent accounting masisitimu anogona kunge ari e:

Kune makambani etiweki, aya ese metering mapoinzi, kunze kweaya anotora chikamu mumusika wekutengesa, pamwe nezvivakwa zvefurati. Panogona kunge paine akati wandei masangano etiweki mudunhu: imwe hombe, chikamu chePJSC Rosseti, uye akati wandei madiki evaridzi vakasiyana nemanisiparati. Ivo vanofanirwa kumisikidza yemahara data exchange muchikamu chine chekuita nemamita emidziyo pamuganho wemanetiweki avo uye vatengi vakabatana kune network yevaridzi vakati wandei;
Guarantee suppliers (iyi ikambani yekutengesa simba inotengesa simba uye inopa invoice kune vatengi munharaunda yayo). Aya ndiwo masisitimu anovhara metering pazvivakwa zvezvivakwa zvemafurati nemamita mukati memba, kusanganisira yevamabhizinesi pauriri hwekutanga, mudzimba dzepasi, uye dzisiri dzekugara, kana dzakabatana kune intra-building network. Kana kamuri rakadaro richifambiswa neyakasiyana yekuisa, ipapo mita yayo ndeyeIMS yekambani yenetiweki - iyi ndiyo nzira yakatemerwa nemutemo. Panguva imwecheteyo, vanovimbisa vatengesi uye masangano etiweki vanochinjana data ravo reMIS mahara - kuti mutengi asatarise kuti ndiani ane data remidziyo yake muakaundi yake kana nharembozha;
Kune vanogadzira - izvo smart metering zvishandiso zvinozoiswa nevagadziri mudzimba zvinoramba zviri zvavo; mumiriri anongotaura nezve kuaendesa kuti ashande kune vanovimbisa vatengesi.
Kune zvakare masisitimu eAISKUE asina kungwara (kureva kuti, haazadzise zvidiki zvinodiwa zvePP 890), zvinova zvevaridzi vakasiyana - masangano ekutonga muzvivakwa zvemafurati uye zvivakwa zvehofisi, nyika uye masangano ekurima gadheni, mabhizinesi emaindasitiri, vatori vechikamu musika wekutengesa magetsi.

Pane chimwezve chikamu cheMISS - kuchengeteka zvinodiwa, kusanganisira data transfer protocols. Izvi zvinodikanwa (izvo zvinodaidzwa kuti "intruder model", pamwe neprotocol specifications) hazvisati zvatenderwa; Ministry of Energy neMinistry of Communications vakarairwa kuti vazvigadzirise nekuzvibvumira panosvika Ndira 1, 2021. Uye pamberi paChikunguru 1, 2021 ichaitwa yunifomu coding yeese ma metering point - chero dhata kubva kune chero metering michina ichabatanidzwa nekodhi yakasarudzika kusvika kunetiweki iyo mudziyo wakaisirwa (ikozvino muridzi wega wega weiyo metering system anoshandisa coding yake). Izvi, tichifunga nezvekutsinhana kukuru uye kwemahara kweiyo smart metering data pakati pemakambani esimba, ichaita kuti zvikwanise kugadzira dhatabhesi rakaparadzirwa rine chiziviso chakajeka. Panguva imwecheteyo, data yemutengi wega wega inodzivirirwa nezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedzwa kwedata remunhu.

Kupfupisa: smart metering masisitimu anogona kuve akavakirwa pane akasiyana ekuvaka mhinduro, shandisa akasiyana data tekinoroji tekinoroji, ndeyevaridzi vakasiyana, asi vese vanofanirwa kupa hushoma kushanda kwedata, mashandiro, zviito zvakatemwa muPP 890.

5. Ndichawana rinhi smart metering uye inodhura marii?

Chokutanga pane zvose, ngativei zvakajeka: zvakajairika uye akachenjera mamita pamutengo wemakambani etiweki uye vatengesi vekuvimbisa hazvizogadzirwe nemunhu wese anoda, uye kubva munaChikunguru 1, 2020 chete kune avo:

Meta haipo kana kurasika;
Mudziyo wekuyeresa hauchina kurongeka;
Hupenyu hwesevhisi hwechigadzirwa hwapera (iri makore 25-30);
Chishandiso hachienderane nekirasi yechokwadi (2.0 yevatengi vemba - ndiko kuti, kukanganisa kwayo kuri muchikamu che2%. Mamita akare ane kirasi 2.5 anofanira kubviswa pabasa. Kirasi yechokwadi ndiyo nhamba iri mudenderedzwa pa chikamu chepamberi chechigadzirwa);
Nguva iri pakati pekuongororwa yapera - kazhinji nguva iyi ndeye makore gumi nematanhatu emidziyo yemumba.

Asi, zvine chekuita nematanho e-anti-coronavirus, kuverenga kwemamita ine nguva yapera calibration kubva kuvatengi vemba kunogamuchirwa kusvika Ndira 1, 2020;
Panguva yekubatanidza tekinoroji kune network, panguva yekuvakwa kwezvivakwa zvefurati nemugadziri.

Pane imwe pfungwa yakakosha inotsanangurwa nemumiriri:

Kubva munaChikunguru 1, 2020 kusvika Zvita 31, 2021, makambani etiweki uye vatengesi vanovimbisa vanogona kuisa akajairwa metres (asi kana vakapihwa mari yemamita akangwara mutero, vanoisa akangwara);
Asi kutanga kubva Ndira 1, 2022, makambani enetiweki uye vatengesi vanovimbisa vanoisa ese matsva metres ane hungwaru kushanda uye kupa mukana kune masisitimu avo kuitira kuti mutengi aone kure kure data iyo mita iyi yakaunganidza: kuburikidza neakaundi yako pawebhusaiti kana. nharembozha. Iyo yekupinda ichave neyako username nepassword, uye iwe unongoona yako smart metres.
Imwezve pfungwa: kana iwe uri muridzi wenyika kana imba yebindu, garaji mumubatanidzwa wegaraji, hofisi mune chivakwa chehofisi, kana mumubatanidzwa wako kana musha iyo intra-musha network haisi yeimwe yemakambani enetwork. mudunhu (rinogona kunge riri revaridzi vese mune mamwe masheya, kana ari emubatanidzwa), saka hapana kambani yetiweki kana mupi anovimbisa ane chisungo chekuisa emahara mamita panzvimbo dzakadaro (kunze kweiyo poindi pamusuwo. kumusha, mubatanidzwa, hofisi, uko muganho wekambani network inotanga - iyo network network inoiisa ipapo). Ikodzero yako, sevaridzi, kuungana uye kusarudza rudzi rwe accounting yauchaisa - yehungwaru kana yakajairika, yakachipa. Saizvozvo, mukati memiganhu yefekitori kana nzvimbo yekutenga, kana pasina network yeimwe network network ipapo, varidzi veworkshops nenzvimbo vanoisa accounting nemari yavo.

Saka, kana iwe, semutengi wepamba, wapedza nguva yekuenzanisa, unogona kutumira kuverenga kubva pamamita kusvika Ndira 1.01.2020, XNUMX, uye vanozogamuchirwa.

Kana mita yako isiri kushanda kana isipo (uye pane mukana wekuiisa), wobva wabata kusangano retiweki (kana iwe uine imba yega kana zvimwe zvivakwa zvisina kubatana kune intra-house network yeimba yeimba).

Kana iwe uine furati iri muchivako chefurati ine network yakajairika kana dzisiri dzekugara mune imwe imba yakabatana neinetiweki yemukati-yekuvaka, wobva wabata shuwa. Kuwanda kwemabasa ekumisikidza metering kune chikamu cheanovimbisa mutengesi hakubatanidzi dzimba dzakavharika uye mataundi edzimba ane akasiyana ekuisa - iyi ndiyo chiyero chemabasa esangano retiweki.

Iyo mita ichakurumidza kuendeswa kwauri sei? PP Nhamba 442 inotsanangura nguva yemwedzi mitanhatu kubva pazuva rekushandiswa. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti unzwisise kuti vazhinji varidzi vedzimba nedzimba havana kukurumidza kutsiva metering mudziyo nemubhadharo wavo pamberi paChikunguru 6, 1; kana vakaungana neavo vane mudziyo wakatadza mushure meChikunguru 2020, vanogadzira mutsara wakakura. yekutsiva (nhamba yenyanzvi, yekutsiva metering michina haigone kuwedzera nekukurumidza uye zvakanyanya). Kana iwe uri mutengi anga asina kukurumidza kutsiva mudziyo wako pamberi paChikunguru 1, uchigamuchira bhiri zvinoenderana neyakajairwa, pamwe wakaita izvi nekuti chiyero chaive chinobatsira iwe pane kuverenga zvichibva pakushandisa chaiko? Ndiko kuti, iwe unofanirwa kuve wakagadzirira kuti kutsiva kwemahara kwemamita kunotungamira kune chokwadi chekuti mari chaiyo inobhadhariswa zvichienderana nekuverenga chaiko ichawedzera (kana iwe uchafanirwa kutanga kuchengetedza simba mufurati yako kana imba), uye kune vasiri- kubhadhara mita ichakudzima kunyangwe pasina timu inoshanyira.

Asi chii chinoitika kana mita yangu ikakundikana uye ini ndisingabatanidzi network kana mutengesi akavimbiswa (muimba yefurati)? Nenguva isipi (kana mutsetse wekutsiva wadzikira), sangano retiweki kana mutengesi anovimbisa achakubata iwe pachako uye nekupa kuisa chishandiso. Iwe unofanirwa kubvumirana pane nzvimbo yekuisa (kana kutsiva, kana mudziyo waivepo kare).

Vamwe vatengi havadi kumirira uye vakagadzirira kubhadhara kuisirwa kwechigadzirwa chakangwara ivo pachavo, kungogamuchira mita "kunze kwekutendeuka", vasina kumirira kuti nguva iripo yekuenzanisa ipere, kana pasina kumirira Ndira 1, 2022. . Mutemo haurambidze kuisirwa midziyo yemamita kune vatengi vakadai nemubhadharo. Izvi, nenzira, zvinoderedza mutoro pamitengo yevatengi vose.

Asi chii mutengo we smart metering? Ngatiite masvomhu. Kare, mutengi wepamba aibhadhara kutsiva nekuiswa kwemamita akajairika kubva ku1 kusvika ku2 zviuru rubles (zvichienderana nekuti aida mita imwe chete kana mbiri-tariff) paavhareji kamwe pamakore gumi nematanhatu, ndiko kuti, paavhareji 1 - 16 rubles. pamwedzi wekushandisa.

Mutengo wechigadzirwa chakangwara, uchifunga nezveUSPD sisitimu kana zviteshi zvepasi, maseva uye software, pamutengi weimba, achifunga nezvekuisa uye kuseta, inotarisirwa kunge iri zviuru zvinomwe-7-10 rubles. - zvichienderana nerudzi rwehurongwa, kuwanda kwevatengi uye, zvakakosha, zvichienderana nekuchinja kwemitengo pamusika wemidziyo yakangwara. Izvi, pamusoro penguva yemakore gumi nematanhatu, inenge 16 - 36,5 rubles. pamwedzi kana 52,1-5% yemwedzi wega wega magetsi emagetsi evatengi vakawanda.

Izvi zvinoreva here kuti mutero wehuwandu uchawedzera ne5-10% nekuda kwe smart metering? Iyi haisi nyaya yakapusa, sezvo mutero wekugara uchitsigirwa nevatengi vemagetsi, kunyanya indasitiri hombe. Uye mutero wehuwandu pachawo unorongedzerwa gore negore nehuwandu husina kukwira pane yepamutemo inflation nhamba - izvi zvinongovhara kuwedzera kwemitengo yemitengo. Naizvozvo, mhinduro kumubvunzo pamusoro pekuwedzera kwemitero yehuwandu ndeye: Zvinotarisirwa kuti kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwevanhu huchapfuura inflation, ndiko kuti, iyo yakawanda yakawanda yemitengo ye smart metering muchikamu chehuwandu ichawira kune vatengi-zvemutemo masangano, ane mugove mukushandisa anenge 80%. Kune vazhinji vavo, izvi zvichave kuwedzera kusingaonekwe (kuchinja kwemitengo pamusika wekutengesa kune miganho yakakura), asi muunganidzwa, hongu, smart metering mutoro unooneka pamutero. Uyezve, sezvo pakanga paine vagari vakawanda vakanga vasina kukurumidza kutsiva metering mudziyo wemari, mutoro uyu uchave wakakosha mumakore ekutanga. Uye iyo purogiramu pachayo yekutsiva metering ne smart metering ichagara kwemakore gumi nematanhatu - kudzamara nguva yekuenzanisa yemidziyo yakajairwa yakaiswa muhafu yekutanga ye16 yapera.

Nzira yekudzikisa uye kukwirisa mutoro wemutero kubva pakuunzwa kwe smart metering? Chinhu chekutanga chinozviratidza ndechekuisa sirin'i yemutengo yemidziyo yakadaro. Asi iyi imhinduro isingashande - kudzikisira mutengo, maererano neruzivo rwedu makore makumi matatu apfuura, zvinozotungamira nekuperevedza kwemidziyo pamusika. Uye hapana akabvisa mitoro yekuisa uye zvirango zvekusaisa kubva kune vanovimbisa vatengesi uye netiweki masangano.

Isu, chikamu chesimba, tichiri kutarisira kuti makwikwi pakati pevagadziri vezvishandiso zvakangwara uye masisitimu achatungamira mumakore anotevera mukudonha kukuru kwemitengo (munhoroondo, mitengo yemagetsi ese inodzikira, kunyanya kune izvo zvemagetsi zvisingashandisi zvakanyanya kuita. zvikamu).

Asi pane imwe nzira yekudzikisa mutengo wekushandisa smart metering. Izvi midziyo yakakwana yezvivakwa zvefurati zvine accounting. Inoshanda sei? Ikozvino mutemo unoti: iwo mapoinzi apo mudziyo usipo, hauna kurongeka, wakarasika, wapera, kana nguva pakati pekuongororwa kwemidziyo yemamita yapera inoenderana nemahara metering. Asi mukati mechivako chefurati, izvi zvinoreva kuti kutsiva metering michina nevakangwara ichave "yakadonha" - pano yakatsiviwa, asi pano kutsiva kuchange kuri muna 2027 chete, uye pano muna 2036 ... Uye timu ichafanirwa kufamba. kubva paimba neimba nekuda kwe1-2- 3 zvishandiso kubva pa40-100 metering point. Nguva, peturu, muhoro ... Uye kuitira kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti kubva ku2022 zvese zvishandiso zvakadaro zvinopihwa mukana kune yakangwara system (server), isu tichafanirwa kuisa USPD mudzimba dzese, kana kuvhara maguta ese ane network ye base. zviteshi... Chaizvoizvo mugore! Nekuda kweizvozvo, mutengo pa metering point mumakore ekutanga uchawedzera zvakanyanya; ichave isingaite zvakanyanya, point-by-point automation isingazope chero mhedzisiro kune vagari, masangano ekutonga, kana mainjiniya emagetsi.

Nzira yekubuda nayo mumamiriro ezvinhu aya midziyo yakazara yezvivakwa zvefurati. Padanho redunhu, inogadzirwa uye inobvumidzwa akawanda-gore IMS michina chirongwa, tichifunga nezvekuti mari yakawanda inogona "kudhonza". Ichi chirongwa chinotsanangudza dzimba chaidzo dzinofanirwa kuve ne100% dzakashongedzerwa mugore rakapihwa. Chekutanga, chirongwa ichi chinosanganisira dzimba dzine yakanyanya kurasikirwa mukati meimba, iyo inowedzera mari yekuwedzera kune vagari nemakambani ekutungamira, dzimba dzine network dzakagadzirira PLC, dzimba dziri padhuze nechiteshi. Chikwata chichashanda paimba imwe kubva pakutanga kusvikira yakwana zvakakwana, izvo zvichaderedza zvakanyanya mari yekuisa.

Asi kutora chirongwa chakazara chakadaro chekushongedza smart metering, zvinofanirwa kuita shanduko kumutemo uripo, izvo zvinobvumira dunhu kusarudza ipapo kuti sei, munguva ipi uye neapi matekinoroji anonyanya kushanda. smart metering.

Ngatipfupikisai muchidimbu: mutemo uripo unoda "spot" midziyo yezvivakwa zvefurati zvine hungwaru accounting, uye michina yakadai inogona kutora makore gumi nematanhatu. Mari yakawanda inofanira kuiswa mumakore ekutanga, uye ipapo zvishoma pane imwe nguva. Izvi zvakanyanya kusashanda uye zvinodhura, uye hazvizove nemhedzisiro.

Nzira yakarongwa ndeyekuita kuti dunhu rigadzire chirongwa chakakwana tichifunga nezvemikana yemitero kwenguva yakareba. Chirongwa ichi chicharatidza dzimba chaidzo dziri pasi pe100% michina mugore rakapihwa. Izvi zvinokutendera kuti usafire mari, asi kuti uwane kutonga pamusoro pekushandisa kwavo: mushure mezvose, kutarisa kana paine hurongwa muzvivakwa mazana mana emafurati anofanirwa kuve akashongedzerwa gore rino zviri nyore kupfuura kana mudziyo wakaiswa mumakumi mana ega ega mapoinzi akapararira. Mhiri kwe400 dzimba?

6. Chii chichandipa smart metering (mutengi, bhizinesi)?

Chekutanga, mudziyo wakangwara inosunungura mutengi kubva pakudiwa kwekutora uye kutumira uchapupu hwake, uye kutengesa simba uye network mari yekuti vaongorori vapfuure inodzikiswa (kunyangwe zvisinganyangarike zvachose - mushure mezvose, smart metres inodawo nguva nenguva kugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa dambudziko pasaiti).

Basa rinokosha ndiro accounting yeawa, iyo inobvumira chero mutengi-yemutemo mubatanidzwa uye muzvinabhizimusi wega, kunyangwe ice cream stand, chero nguva chinja kumutengo weawa, nekuverenga kunobva pamagetsi uye magetsi emitengo inoenderana nemitengo pamusika wekutengesa (iyi ndiyo 3rd - 6th mutengo wezvikamu mumutengo wemari). Mutengi wepamba anogona kusarudza imwe yemitengo mitatu - imwechete-chiyero, "masikati-usiku" uye "peak-hafu-peak-usiku". Uye kwete kungosarudza, asi zvichibva pamasimba ekushandiswa kweawa iyo yakangwara sisitimu pachayo icharatidza kuti ndeupi mutero unobhadhara zvakanyanya, riini uye yakawanda sei. Uye nekutevera kurudziro yekuyera hurongwa hwekutakura mukati memutero uripo, chikamu chemutengo, uye kurudziro yekuchengetedza simba, mutengi achakwanisa. wedzera kuderedza simba rako remagetsi, nepo smart metering ichakubatsira iwe kunzwisisa kupi uye yakawanda sei inogona kuderedzwa. Kutenda kune akawanda ma parameter anotariswa neiyo smart kifaa, zvinokwanisika kupinda yakafara tariff menyu, kupa mimwe mikana yekusarudza mutero wakakwana.

Nekumisikidzwa kwechigadzirwa chakangwara, mutengi (parizvino angori sangano repamutemo) ane mukana wekutora chikamu kudiwa manejimendi musika - gamuchira mubhadharo wekuti mutengi akatamisa kushandiswa kubva pakakwirira maawa kusvika kumaawa iwayo uko mutoro pasimba resimba wakaderera. Izvi zvichabvumira kuderedza mitengo yemagetsi pamusika wekutengesa, kuderedza mutoro uye kubhadhara kwekuchengetedza simba rezviteshi zvinodhura zvakanyanya, zvisingabatsiri uye kazhinji zvakatipoteredza "tsvina" uye magetsi. Uyu musika unovimbisa zvikuru - sevhisi yeMukuru Wemagetsi Engineer pane bhizinesi, nekuda kwekutora chikamu mukutungamira kwekuda, inomira kungova sosi yemitengo, uye inotanga kupa rwizi rwemari inogona kutobhadhara kuigadzirisa.

Kutenda kune smart metering muzvivakwa zvefurati kurasika kwemba kwakawanda kuchaderera zvakanyanya, iyo inoderedza mari yevagari vemo uye kubvisa mari yemakambani ekutungamirira kubhadhara mari yakawandisa mukati meimba, kusunungura mari yekugadzirisa nguva dzose uye kuvandudzwa kweimba uye nzvimbo yakapoteredza.

Smart metering data, kana ikashandiswa zvinobudirira, inoita bhizinesi uye bhizinesi zvishoma "smart" tekinoroji, nekuti. zvese zvisvinu zvetekinoroji maitiro zvinoratidzwa mukushanduka kwekushandiswa kwesimba rinoshanda uye rinoshanda., uye decoding yavo, kusanganisira. yakarurama kuminiti, inogona kupa yekuwedzera sosi yedata yekunatsiridza maitiro ekushandisa kwemidziyo.

Nekuti mudziyo wakangwara unoverenga simba zvose pakugamuchira nekupa, zvino mutengi muimba yega ane mukana wekuisa windmill kana solar panels ine simba rinosvika 15 kW (izvi zvinoda kushandura mazwi ehutano hwekubatanidza mune sangano remambure), kupinda muchibvumirano nemupi wevimbiso. kukushandira iwe nekuda kwekupihwa kwekuwedzera kunetiweki pamitengo isingakwire kupfuura mitengo yemusika wekutengesa (izvi zvinosanganisira VAT paavhareji anenge 3 rubles/kWh), nepo mutengo wekutumira uchienderana neawa - yakachipa husiku!

Kutenda kune yakagoverwa sisitimu yemakumi nemazana ezviuru zveakangwara metering zvishandiso zvinoyera paawa uye kunyange miniti-neminiti magirafu esimba rinoshanda uye rinoshanda, voltage uye zvazvino paramita, iyo simba system inogamuchira. sosi yakakosha yedata yekugonesa maitiro ako ekushandisa, kuona nzvimbo dzakachengeterwa uye kushomeka kwemagetsi kwakaputswa nenode yega yega, feeder, substation, kuderedza kurasikirwa uye kuona zvinongedzo zvisiri pamutemo, kuratidza mapoinzi munetiweki uko reactive simba muripo, chizvarwa chemuno, kusanganisira. pane anogonesa simba masosi, kuchengetedza kwesimba kutsvedzerera kunze kwepamusoro uye kuenzana paramita munetiweki. Tichifunga nezve data nyowani, zvirongwa zvekudyara zvekugadzira uye network, zvinotungamira mukuwedzera kwemitengo, inogona kudzokororwa nekugadziridzwa.

Ngatipfupikisai: zvine hungwaru, mumakore gumi anotevera, mushure mekunge smart metering michina yapararira, smart metering inoshandura chikamu chesimba, ichiita kuti ishande, uye nekudaro inokwanisika kune yekupedzisira mutengi, uye ichapa mikana yakawanda kune mutengi kukwidziridza mabhiri avo emagetsi.simba, kutora chikamu mukutonga kwezvinodiwa, zvinobvumira kuitiswa kwemaitiro emitero yemamenu. Izvi zvinozopedzisira zvabhadhara mari yekuwedzera inoverengerwa mutero, ichiibvumira kudzikisa kukura kwayo kwenguva refu, zvisinei, mumakore ekutanga, kutora zvirongwa zvakadaro munhoroondo mutero zvinogona kupa akati wandei mapeji ekukura.

Kugadzirisa kukura uku, sezvatakatsanangura pamusoro, kunobvumira kutorwa kwechirongwa chakazara chekushongedza ne smart metering, zvichiratidza zvivakwa zvemafurati zvine 100% zvakashongedzerwa mugore rega rega rechirongwa.

7. Chii chinotevera?

Iyo purogiramu yekushongedza ne smart metering ichagara kwemakore gumi nematanhatu - kusvika panguva iyo mapoinzi ese achange aine metering yakadaro. Makore gumi nematanhatu ndiyo nguva kusvika iyo yekupedzisira yakajairwa michina yakaiswa muna 16-16 yasvika panguva yavo yekuenzanisa. Iyi nguva inogona kuderedzwa kusvika kumakore gumi nekutora akakodzera edunhu akabatanidzwa emidziyo zvirongwa (vachaita kuti zvibvire kuburitsa mutero mumakore ekutanga ekuisa, uye kuwana masosi ekuwedzera huwandu hwebasa mumakore 2020-2021).

Iyo purogiramu yekushongedza ine hungwaru magetsi metering ichakurudzira kuisirwa kwakangwara midziyo kune zvimwe zviwanikwa - inopisa uye inotonhora mvura, gasi uye kupisa. Mushure mekugamuchira yakangwara metering mudziyo mukushanda, varidzi vazhinji vedzimba nedzimba vanozofarira mamwe masisitimu epamba - akasiyana masensa uye controllers (kuputika kwepombi, kubuda gasi, kupaza kwemahwindo, kuvhura mahwindo nemagonhi, vhidhiyo yekutarisa masisitimu, kudzora keteni, mimhanzi, kutonga kwemamiriro ekunze uye mwenje ...)

Iyo smart magetsi mita inewo nzvimbo yekukura. Kushanda kwave kutsanangurwa kunonzi zvishoma. Mune ramangwana mita inogona kuita "smart hub" kutarisisa ruzivo kubva kune ese maturusi eimba yakangwara kana furati, zvishandiso zvakaiswa pamusuwo, mamita ezvimwe zviwanikwa. A smart mita anogona kurekodha kushoma shanduko mumagetsi uye ikozvino, reactive simba, uye kunzwisisa kuti ndeapi maturusi akabatidzwa nekudzimwa - kwete mumba chete, asiwo muhofisi uye mukugadzira. Izvi zvinokutendera kuti unzwisise kuti ndeapi maturusi nemidziyo inoshanda, munguva dzipi, inoshanda sei - kuronga inoshanda simba manejimendi, pasi pekutonga kwe "artificial intelligence", inomiririrwa nemamiriyoni emidziyo yakangwara, maturusi makuru ekugadzirisa data, nhamba, hwaro. yeakanakisa maitiro ekusarudza uye kutonga modhi yechero mudziyo.

Smart metres ichachinja hupenyu hwedu nenzira imwechete iyo nharembozha, Indaneti, uye nharembozha dzachinja. Isu tiri pachikumbaridzo cheramangwana apo zvese zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvichave zvipenyu zvimwechete, kuzvironga, kushumira zviri nyore, kunyaradza uye kushanda kwevanhu.

PS Intelligent accounting inyaya yakawandisa uye ine mativi mazhinji. Kana uine mibvunzo nezve sangano, economics, logistics, ini ndichaedza kupindura mumashoko.

Source: www.habr.com

Nhungamiro kune akangwara magetsi metering muRussia (yemagetsi mainjiniya nevatengi)