Nhungamiro kune akangwara magetsi metering muRussia (yemagetsi mainjiniya nevatengi)

Iyo Smart Accounting Guide inovhara zvese zvakakosha zvikamu zveiyi maitiro - zvemutemo, zvehunyanzvi, zvesangano uye zvehupfumi.

Ini ndinoshandira kambani yemagetsi yedunhu, uye munguva yangu yemahara ini ndinofarira nhoroondo yeindasitiri yemagetsi emagetsi uye dzidziso yemisika yemagetsi.

Iwe unogona kunge wakanzwa kuti Russia iri kutanga kuchinjika kuenda smart magetsi metering. Isu tose tiri vashandisi vemagetsi - kumba kana kubasa, uye mita chinhu chakakosha chekushandisa kwedu simba (kuverengwa kwayo, yakawedzerwa nemutengo, ndiyo mutero wedu, izvo zvatinofanira kubhadhara). Ndinovimba Nhungamiro yangu yeSmart Metering ichakubatsira kuti unzwisise kuti chii, mashandiro ayo, uye kuti zvichaitika riini mumba mako, muhofisi, kana bhizinesi.

1. Chii chinonzi smart metering?

Kutanga, ngatitsanangure pfungwa. Kune nguva dzose counter (Zvadaro tichazotaura nezvemamita emagetsi, sezvo mutemo uchipa kuitiswa kwakawanda kwe smart magetsi metering chete, uye hapana chokwadi parizvino nezve zvimwe zviwanikwa - mvura, kupisa, gasi). Regular mita:

• inoverengera simba chete sehuwandu hwekuwedzera (kunewo akawanda-mutero ayo anoverengera kuwanda kwenzvimbo mbiri kana nhatu dzenguva - masikati, husiku, hafu-yepamusoro);
• Kamwe pamwedzi, unofanirwa kunyora pasi kuverenga kubva pakuratidzwa kwayo uye ugovapa kune mutengesi (kana makambani emagetsi anotumira vaongorori kuti vanyore pasi kuverenga);
• haikubvumiri kuti udzore kushandiswa kwesimba (somuenzaniso, bvisa mubhadharo).

Lifehack yekufambisa kuverenga kwemamita
Nenzira, nezvekutumira kuverenga kwemamita akajairika: vazhinji vatengesi vane account yavo pawebhusaiti uye nharembozha, kuburikidza iyo iwe unogona kukurumidza uye nyore kutumira kuverenga, kugamuchira bhiri remagetsi uye kuribhadhara - tarisa kunze! Ingonyora mukutsvaga zita remutengesi wako (tora kubva mubhadharo remagetsi) uye mazwi "personal account", "mobile application".

Nekupararira uye kudhura kwema microprocessors mu90s - 2000s, zvakave zvinogoneka kupinza zvemagetsi mumamita. Nzira iri nyore yekuiisa iri mumamita emagetsi - mushure mezvose, ine simba rinogara richiwanikwa kubva kunetiweki uye kesi yakakura. Izvi ndozvazvinoita "smart metres" uye accounting masisitimu - ASKUE, AISKUE (aya mapfupiso anoreva otomatiki sisitimu yekushambadzira simba metering). Zvinhu zvakakosha zveAISCUE:

• mita yakadaro haifungi simba chete, asiwo simba, rinoshanda uye rinoshanda, uye unogona kuita izvi mukati paawa uye chikamu chimwe nechimwe, iyo iri kutopa rwizi rwekutanga rweBIG DATA muchikamu chesimba;
• counter yakadaro anorangarira mune yakavakirwa-mukati ndangariro maitiro ekuverenga uye inotumira kuverenga kune server (panguva imwecheteyo, kuverenga kunogona kutariswa kubva kune yakavakirwa-mukati kana kure kure kuratidza);
• smart mita inogona kuva yakavakirwa-mukati relay, inodzikamisa pakuraira kubva kune server yemutengi-defaultera;
• izvi kazhinji maviri- kana matatu-level masisitimu: Iyo counter (yekutanga nhanho) inotumira data zvakananga kune sevha kana kune yekuunganidza mudziyo (yechipiri nhanho), iyo inosanganisa iyo data uye kuitumira kune server (yechitatu nhanho).

MuRussia, iyo AIS KUE system (yakanyanya kuoma uye inodhura) inofanirwa kushandiswa neavo vanotenga nekutengesa magetsi paWECM - musika wemagetsi uye musika wekutengesa (musika uyu wakatanga kushanda muhuwandu hushoma muna 2005 - nguva iyo shanduko yeindasitiri yemagetsi yakatanga, uye iko zvino kuwanda kwesimba rinogadzirwa rinotengwa uye kutengeswa ipapo). Uye zvakare, vatengi vari pamusika wekutengesa magetsi unosvika mazana matanhatu nemakumi manomwe kW vanodiwa kuti vape metering yeawa (kureva, mune imwe fomu kana imwe yeAIS KUE) pamwe neiyo contour yekushandisa kwavo. Aya ndiwo mazana evatengi munharaunda imwe neimwe.

Asi kune vanopfuura 90% yevashandi vose vemagetsi, kusanganisira dzimba uye mabhizimisi maduku, kusvikira munguva pfupi yapfuura mutengo mukuru waiva mutero mumwe chete kana nguva-yenguva (masikati-usiku), uye mita yaiva yenguva dzose, kwete "smart" imwe.

Wega wega grid, magetsi ekupa uye manejimendi makambani akaita zvirongwa zvekushongedza vatengi nehuchenjeri metering, asi zvese izvi zvaiumba chikamu chidiki chevatengi vese.

Asi munguva pfupi yapfuura imwe pfungwa yakaonekwa mumutemo "smart mita" и "intelligent accounting system". Izvi zvakasiyana sei ne "smart mita" uye ASKUE? Icho chokwadi chekuti "njere" ndiro zita rakapihwa mudziyo kana metering system iyo zvinoenderana neseti yezvakatsanangurwa zviri pamutemo zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi, "minimum performance of intelligent energy (simba) metering systems".

Kana iyo mita kana sisitimu isingaenderane navo, asi inobvumira otomatiki kuunganidza uye kutumira data kune server, isu tichiri kudaidza mita yakadai "smart", uye accounting system - AISCU.

Ngationei kuti zvii izvi zvinodiwa zvekutonga, kuzadzikiswa kunoita kuti mita (metering system) ive nehungwaru?

2. Ndeapi maitiro ekudzora eRussian Federation anotsanangura mitemo uye zvinodiwa zvehungwaru metering?

Kusvikira ikozvino, mari yekutenga mita yemagetsi yakatakurwa nemutengi. Vanhu vazhinji havana kufara neizvi, nekuti

"Mutengi haaendi kumusika nezvikero zvake, mutengesi ngaave nezvikero"?..

Asi pakutanga kwekuvandudzwa kweindasitiri yemagetsi emagetsi, mumiriri weparamende akafunga kuti mutero uchabvisirwa mari yemita, kuti kuiswa kwemamita ibasa rakabhadharwa rakasiyana, uye mutengi, achibhadhara mita nekuisa, ane kodzero yekusarudza: kana kuisa yakachipa imwe-tariff mita, kana imwe inodhura mita inobvumira kuverenga neawa yenguva, 3 uye kunyange neawa imwe yemitengo, kana kunyange neawa imwe. menyu (huwandu) kana kusvika ku4-6 mutengo zvikamu (masangano emutemo).

FZ (Federal Law) Nhamba 522 "Pamusoro peIntelligent Accounting..." akaita shanduko ku Federal Law No. 35, iyo inotsanangura zvakakosha zvinodiwa muindasitiri yemagetsi emagetsi maererano ne accounting.

Pane chaizvo 3 shanduko yakakosha:

(1) Kutanga kubva munaChikunguru 1, 2020, chisungo chekuisa metering chinopfuura kubva kumutengi kuenda:

• network makambani - maererano nevatengi vese vanobatana netiweki yavo, kunze kwezvivakwa zvefurati) uye
• vatengesi vakavimbiswa (aya ndiwo makambani ekupa simba anokupa iwe simba uye anoburitsa mabhiri) - pamusuwo weimba yeimba uye mukati mezvivakwa zvefurati, i.e. mafurati nenzvimbo dzisiri dzekugara dzakabatanidzwa ne-in-house magetsi network);

Mune mamwe mazwi, mutengi iye zvino achatakura mari yemamita kwete zvakananga uye panguva imwe chete, panguva yekuiswa kwechigadzirwa, asi zvisina kunanga - ivo vanozoverengerwa mutero wevatengesi vanovimbiswa uye makambani etiweki (verenga pazasi nezvekuti izvi zvichakanganisa sei mutero).

(2) Kubva muna Ndira 1, 2022, ese akaiswa metering zvishandiso anofanirwa kuve nehungwaru (ndiko kuti, kuenderana "minimum functionality" inotsanangurwa neHurumende Resolution No. 890), uye mutengi ane mudziyo wakadaro akaisirwa achawana mukana wekuverenga kwayo (sei uye chii chekuita neizvi - ona pazasi).

Kureva, kubva Chikunguru 1, 2020 kusvika Zvita 31, 2021, pamutengo wemitengo yemakambani emagetsi, akajairwa metering michina ichaiswa (asi mune mamwe matunhu, uko mari yekuchenjera metering yaisanganisirwa mutero, smart zvishandiso zvichaiswa zvizere kana muchidimbu), uye chete kubva muna Ndira 1, 2022 kusvika kusati kwave kuisirwa nyika yese - Pandinenge ndisiri kungwara nyika yese ichatanga. metering uye ichaita marii?").

(3) Kutanga kubva muna Ndira 1, 2021, vese vanogadzira vanoraira zvivakwa zvemafurati vanofanirwa kuvashongedza nemamita akangwara., isa zvishandiso izvi mukushanda neanovimbisa mutengesi, uye mutengesi anovimbisa anozvibatanidza kune yayo smart metering system uye nekupa mukana wekuverenga kwavo kune varidzi vedzimba nenzvimbo dzisiri dzekugara.

Ngatitaurei muchidimbu zvabuda. Matemu matatu akatsanangurwa:

• Chikunguru 1, 2020 - kubva zvino zvichienda mberi zvese zvichangobva kuisirwa metering midziyo yekutsiva iyo yakundikana, yakarasika, kana iyo nguva yekusimbisa yapera (kunze kweavo vakaiswa nevagadziri muzvivako zviri kuvakwa) - pamutengo wemakambani etiweki uye vatengesi vanovimbiswa (muzvivako zvemafurati), zvisinei, hazvisi zvose zvigadzirwa zvakadaro zvichave zvakangwara zvakadaro;
• Ndira 1, 2021 - kubva zvino zvichienda mberi, zvivakwa zvese zvitsva zvemafurati zvinofanirwa kuve zvine smart metres;
• Ndira 1, 2022 - kubva panguva ino zvichienda mberi, ese mamita matsva anofanirwa kuve akangwara, uye mutengi ane mita yakadai anofanirwa kupihwa mukana wekuwana kure kune kuverenga kwayo.

3. Chii chinoita mita yakangwara?

Kana ukavhura PP Nhamba 890 ye19.06.2020, iwe uchaona refu, akati wandei-mapeji runyorwa rwehunyanzvi kutsanangurwa kwemamita akangwara. Saka, ishoma smart mita inoita sei uye inoita? Heino pfupiso pfupi:

• Kunze inoratidzika seyakajairwa counter., zvichida antenna diki chete inogona kuratidza kuti mita yakangwara;
• Iine yakavakirwa-mukati chiratidziro chaunogona kuona zvakanyanya paramita kupfuura pane yenguva dzose, kana chiratidziro chiri kure (mamwe mamita akaiswa parutsigiro, uye mutengi anogamuchira mudziyo une chiratidziro chakabatana kune network, iyo "inotaurirana" nemamita, kazhinji kuburikidza nemagetsi grid - PLC tekinoroji);
• Bhokisi rekupedzisira (2 waya "phase" uye "neutral" inopinda mairi, uye 2 inobuda kana mita iri imwe-chikamu) uye muviri wemamita wakavharwa. electronic chisimbiso - kana zvavhurwa, kupinda kunoitwa mugiyo rechiitiko (uye chiratidzo chekuvhura chinoonekwa pachiratidziro), uku danda riri mundangariro dzisingaite uye haisi kudzimwa kana simba radzimwa. Iyo logi zvakare inorekodha kuitika kwezvinetso muhardware uye software yechishandiso, kubviswa kubva kunetiweki uye kubatana kune network, shanduko dzakakomba mumhando yeparamita. Magnetic minda inotariswa zvakare - saka, kana iyo module yemagnetic induction vector ichipfuura 150 mT, izvi zvinorekodhwa sechiitiko chine zuva uye nguva;
  Magnet uye counter
  Usambofa wakaunza magineti padhuze neyako smart mita - kazhinji haizoikuvadza, asi iwe uchapomerwa kuyedza kukanganisa mudziyo!
• Kuti uwane ma paramita emudziyo (kubatanidza kune mudziyo zvakananga kuburikidza ne optical port, RS-485 kana kubva kune server), iwe uchada chitupa uye chokwadi (ndiko kuti, pinda neusername uye password);
• Meta inoyera simba kwete pakugamuchira chete, asiwo pakupa. Mukufanana, tinocherechedza kuti ikozvino muRussia kuiswa kwemhepo turbine kana bhatiri rezuva rinosvika 15 kW simba muimba yega inobvumirwa nemutemo. Iyo smart mita inorekodha awa yega kuti wadya yakawanda sei uye yakawanda sei yawakapa kune grid;
• Counter inoverenga simba neawa - hongu, maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva (nekuchengetedza kwemazuva makumi mapfumbamwe), uye inoverenga zvose simba rinoshanda (iro iro mutengi anobhadhara chaizvo) uye reactive simba (ichi chikamu chesimba rose, iro rinogadzirwa, semuenzaniso, mumagetsi emagetsi, uye "anofamba" kuburikidza netiweki, achikanganisa parameters uye kugadzira kurasikirwa). Zvinokwanisika kuzvidavirira nokuda kwesimba kunyangwe miniti yega yega (kunyangwe ndangariro iripo ichashandiswa nekukurumidza). Accuracy class yehuwandu hwevanhu uye mabhizimisi maduku ndeye 1.0 yesimba rinoshanda (kureva kukanganisa kwechiyero chiri mukati me1%, iyo iri 2 nguva shoma pane kukanganisa kwazvino kwemamita akajairwa) uye 2.0 nokuda kwesimba reactive;
• Muchikamu chimwe nechimwe chinoverengwa phase voltage, phase yazvino, inoshanda, inoshanda uye inooneka simba muchikamu, ikozvino kusaenzana pakati pechikamu uye neutera waya (yeimwe-chikamu), network frequency.. Intelligent system inorekodha nguva dzekutyorwa kwemhando yepamusoro ine 10-miniti yepakati: nekudaro, kunonoka kushanduka kwemagetsi mukati memaminitsi gumi kunofanirwa kunge kuri mukati ± 10% (10-207V), uye overvoltage inobvumidzwa kusvika +253%, kana 20V kubva kune vamwe. GOST 29322-2014 (IEC 60038: 2009) "Standard voltages" 230 Volts. Izvi zvinoshandura mita kuti ive node yekutarisa mamiriro etiweki uye maitiro ayo ekushanda (modes), uye makumi nemazana ezviuru zvezvishandiso zvakadaro munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzetiweki zvinogadzira kuyerera kwakakosha kweBIG DATA nezve mamiriro esimba remagetsi.
• Kaunda ine wachi yakavakirwa-mukati ine chikanganiso chisingapfuure 5 sec/zuva, yakavakirwa-mukati simba sosi kwavari (ndiko kuti, nguva haichinji kana simba radzimwa), nekuenderana nekunze kwekunze kwezviratidzo zvenguva;
• Chinhu chakakosha chemita yakangwara ndiyo nzira yazviri hukama nezvimwe zvinhu zvehungwaru accounting system (mamwe maturusi, kuunganidza data uye kutapurirana zvishandiso - USPD, base zviteshi, server). Nzira dzinotevera dzinoshandiswa (kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, ona pazasi - Ndeapi marudzi e smart metering masisitimu aripo?): kutaurirana kuburikidza ne low-voltage conductor (yakamonyoroka pair, RS-485), kutaurirana kuburikidza negetsi remagetsi (PLC tekinoroji), kutaurirana kuburikidza neredhiyo chiteshi (kana yakatsaurirwa frequency yekutaurirana neiyo base station, kana kuti yakavakirwa mukati GPRS-modemu ine SIM kadhi, WiFi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kashoma);
• Pakupedzisira, rimwe remabasa akanyanya kukosha yakavakirwa-mukati switching mudziyo wekudzikamisa / kumisa kushandiswa. Inoita muganho (kudzikisira kwesimba kana kudzima zvachose - zvichienderana nemudziyo) pakugamuchira chiratidzo kubva kune server. Izvi zvinogona kuva zvirambidzo zvakarongwa kana zvirambidzo zvekusabhadhara. Asi iyo mita inogona kurongerwa kudzima kana iyo yakatarwa paramita munetiweki, yakadyiwa simba, kana kuyedza kuwana kusingatenderwe yakapfuudzwa. Kugadziriswa mu "off" uye "on" zvinzvimbo zvakare zvinogoneka pane mudziyo muviri. Zvechokwadi, kana mita iri transformer-yakabatana, haigoni kuva nerelay yakadaro;
• saka nguva pakati pemacheki yemudziyo wakaoma kudaro unoramba wakangofanana neicho chezvakajairwa metering zvishandiso: angangoita makore gumi nematanhatu echikamu chimwe chete uye angangoita makore gumi ezvikamu zvitatu. (Kuona kusimbiswa kwekutevedzwa kwemidziyo yekuyera ine metrological maitiro, anoitwa pamichina yakakosha).

Ngatiipei muchidimbu: mita yakangwara inzvimbo ine simba yedata kune vese mutengi nemutengesi, uye kune yese simba system padanho retiweki payakabatana. Asi haisi mita, asi chinhu chinoshanda: inogona kuita muganhu, kupa chiratidzo pamusoro pekuvhiringidza mukushanda kwayo.

4. Ndeapi marudzi ehungwaru metering masisitimu aripo?

Ese akangwara metering masisitimu (IMS) anogona kukamurwa kuita akati wandei marudzi.

Nezvivakwa:

(1) ISUs ine huwandu hushoma hwemazinga - maviri (iyo metering mudziyo pachayo uye sevha inochengeterwa kuverenga, uye kune iyo mutengi anowana iyo data yemamita ake);

(2) maISU ane kanenge nhanho imwe yepakati - iyi ndiyo nhanho yekuunganidza data kubva pamamita kuenda kunotora data uye mudziyo wekutumira (DCT) kana kune base chiteshi. DCT inowanzobatanidzwa kuburikidza negetsi remagetsi (PLC tekinoroji, Simba mutsara kutaurirana - kufambisa data kuburikidza negetsi remagetsi pakakwirira). Iyo base chiteshi inoshandisa maredhiyo eiyo isina rezenisi spectrum: 2,4 GHz, 868/915 MHz, 433 MHz, 169 MHz ine huwandu hunosvika 10 km mukuonekwa kwakananga. Padanho reDCT, nzvimbo yepasi inounganidza data kubva pamamita (mamita ekuvhota), inotumira data kune server (kazhinji kuburikidza neGPRS modem), uye inogamuchira ruzivo kubva kune server uye inotumira kumamita. Uye zvakare, dzimwe nguva iwo maturusi pachawo anogona kutumira chiratidzo cheumwe neumwe mberi netiweki. Iwo maseva pachawo anogonawo kumiririra akawanda-level system.

Zvinoenderana neiyo nzira (tekinoroji) yekutaurirana, iyo ISU inogona kushandisa anotevera makuru matekinoroji:

(1) Kuendesa data pamusoro pepasi-voltage isiri-simba network (akamonyoroka maviri akaiswa mumabhokisi akakosha muzvivakwa zvefurati, mahofisi, mabhizinesi kana RS-485, yekubatanidza neUSPD iri padyo). Kubatsira kweiyi nzira dzimwe nguva kudhura kwayo kwakaderera (kunge paine mabhokisi emahara kana maviri akamonyoroka akaiswa kare). Izvo zvisingabatsiri ndezvokuti vaviri vakamonyoroka, kana vakashandiswa pamwero mukuru (40-200 metering madivayiri mune imwe neimwe chivako chefurati), ichava pasi pekukundikana kwakawanda kwakafanana, kuputsika kwemaune, izvo zvichawedzera zvakanyanya mari yekugadzirisa.

(2) Kuendesa data pamusoro pegedhi remagetsi (PLC tekinoroji) kubva pamamita kuenda kuUSPD. Zvadaro - kuburikidza neGPRS modem kune server.
Iyi tekinoroji inowedzera mutengo wemamita akasiyana, mutengo weUSPD ine modem, iyo yakaiswa pa20-40-100 metres mumba, inowedzerawo mutengo weiyo system ne10-20% pa metering point. Panogona kunge kune kupindira kwechimbichimbi mumambure (somuenzaniso, kubva kumidziyo yekare), iyo inogona kuderedza kuvimbika uye inoda kuwedzera kwenhamba yevhoti. Kuti uise iyo USPD ine modem, unofanirwa kuve nekiyi yekuisa yekukiya (cabinet) yechivako chefurati, nzvimbo mairi, kana kutenga uye kusungirira pamadziro bhokisi resimbi rakachengetedzwa, rinovharika, risingapindi mbavha.

Nekudaro, tekinoroji yePLC-USPD inoshandiswa zvakanyanya; yatova mhando ye "basic standard" muhungwaru metering masisitimu, maererano neinoongororwa dzimwe mhinduro.

(3) Kuendesa data kuburikidza neredhiyo chiteshi (LPWAN matekinoroji - LoRaWAN), nepo metres iine yakakosha radio module uye antenna, uye munzvimbo dzine vanhu, zviteshi zvepasi kana concentrator zvakaiswa panzvimbo dzakakwirira, zvichigamuchira masaini kubva kumamita mazhinji uye zvimwe "smart home" zvishandiso. Zvakanakira izvi masisitimu ndezvi:

• Yakakura yekuvhara radius - kusvika ku10-15 km mumutsara wakatwasuka mukusavapo kwezvipingamupinyi;
• Kugona kwekubatanidza akawanda maturusi (akasiyana marudzi emamita, smart kumba zvishandiso) mukati mekugamuchira radius ye base station;
• Mutengo wechiteshi chepasi, kuisirwa uye kugadzirisa pane imwe metering point mune dzimwe nguva ungave wakaderera pane mutengo weUSPD poindi.

Zvakaipa zveLPWAN - LoRaWAN masisitimu:

• Kushaikwa kwemaitiro akafanana, hutsva hwehurongwa;
• Iko kudikanwa kwekugadzira network yezviteshi zvepasi izvo zvinopa yakavimbiswa kufukidzwa kwekugadziriswa kwakasiyana kunoda chirongwa, maverengero uye pa-saiti kuyedzwa;
• Kudiwa kwekurenda nzvimbo (zvibvumirano nevaridzi, masangano ekutungamirira) muzvivako zvepamusoro kuti zvigadzikane nheyo yechiteshi, antenna, uye magetsi - izvi zvinokanganisa logistics zvichienzaniswa nekuisa USPD, iyo inoda nzvimbo duku mumudziyo wekupinza kana bhokisi rakasiyana rekuvhara pamadziro;
• Kuderera kwekutapurirana kumhanya (zvisinei, ichi chinogumira hachina kukosha kune metering masisitimu apo kuvhota kwemamita kunofanirwa kuitika kamwe chete pazuva kwemamita mapoinzi anopfuura 150 kW, kana kamwe chete pasvondo kune vamwe vese: huwandu hwevanhu uye masangano epamutemo asingasviki 150 kW, ayo anoita kusvika 80-90% yezvibodzwa zvese);
• Kana ichipfuura nepamadziro, chiratidzo chinopera simba, uye mamwe maturusi anogona kunge aine hukama husina kugadzikana (zvichave zvakafanira kutamisa mudziyo antenna kune imwe "inobata" nzvimbo);
• Munzvimbo diki dzekugara, dzine zviuru munharaunda imwe neimwe yeEuropean Russia (kubva kune imwe kusvika kugumi mamita mapoinzi mune imwe neimwe), mhinduro iyi ichave inodhura zvakanyanya pa metering point;
• Pakupedzisira, chimwe chezvisungo zvemitemo ndicho chinodiwa chePP 890: nhamba yemamita ane basa rekugadzirisa rinotungamirirwa nechiteshi chakadaro hachifaniri kudarika 750. Ndiko kuti, panzvimbo yekugovera mari yechiteshi chakadaro pamusoro pezviuru kana kunyange makumi ezviuru zvezvishandiso munzvimbo yekuvhara, tinofanira kunyoresa kwete kupfuura 750 yakananga-yekubatanidza mamita mairi.
  Nei paine ganhuriro yakadaro?
  Chirambidzo ichi chinounzwa kudzikisa njodzi yekuti muparidzi, awana mukana kune mudziyo wakadaro, anogona panguva imwe chete kudzima nhamba huru yevatengi…

(4) Mamita ane yakavakirwa-mukati GPRS modem. Iyi ndiyo mhinduro yekushongedza mapoinzi madiki, pamwe neaya mapoinzi muzvivakwa zvefurati uye zvimwe zvivakwa zvisina kusvikwa neUSPD kana base station. Kana iyo ISU iri muguta yakavakirwa pahwaro hweUSPD, ipapo kune dzimba diki dzine 2-4-10 dzimba, iyo USPD inogona kunge inodhura pane imwe metering point pane mudziyo une yakavakwa muGPRS modem. Asi iyo yakashata yemamita ine yakavakirwa-mukati GPRS modem ndiyo yakakwira mutengo uye mari yekushandisa (iwe unofanirwa kubhadhara pamwedzi kune SIM kadhi kune imwe neimwe mudziyo wakadaro kune akati wandei kukurukurirana pamwedzi). Pamusoro pezvo, nhamba huru yemidziyo yakadaro inotumira data kune sevha inoda chiteshi chakakura chekugamuchira mameseji akadaro: chinhu chimwe kuvhota zviuru zvinoverengeka zveUSPD uye zviteshi zvepasi mudunhu, uye chimwe chinhu - mazana ezviuru zvemidhiya yega yega. Nechinangwa ichi, nhanho yepakati inogadzirwa kubva kuUSPD uye (kana) zviteshi zvepasi.

Nekuva muridzi

Intelligent metering masisitimu anogona kunge ari e:

• Kune makambani egridi - aya ese metering mapoinzi, kunze kweavo vari kutora chikamu mumusika wekutengesa, uyezve kunze kwezvivakwa zvefurati. Panogona kunge paine akati wandei magridi masangano munharaunda: hombe imwe, chikamu chePJSC Rosseti, uye akati wandei madiki, ari evaridzi vakasiyana nemanisiparati. Ivo vanofanirwa kumisikidza yemahara data exchange muchikamu chine chekuita nemamita emidziyo pamuganho wemanetiweki avo uye vatengi vakabatana kune network yevaridzi vakati wandei;
• Guaranteeing suppliers (iyi ikambani inopa simba inotengesa simba uye inopa invoice kune vatengi munharaunda yayo). Aya masisitimu anovhara metering pazvivakwa kune zvivakwa zvemafurati nemamita mukati memba, kusanganisira mabhizinesi ari pasi pevhu, mudzimba dzepasi, dzisiri dzekugara, kana dzakabatana netiweki yemukati. Kana kamuri rakadaro richidyiswa nekuiswa kwakasiyana, ipapo mita yaro ndeyeISU yekambani yegridi - izvi ndizvo zvakatemwa nemumiriri. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuvimbisa vatengesi uye masangano egidhi vanochinjana data kubva kumaISU avo mahara - kuitira kuti mutengi arege kutsvaga mumwe munhu muakaundi yake yega kana nharembozha ine data kubva kumidziyo yavo;
• Kune vanogadzira - iwo smart metres anozoiswa nevagadziri muzvivakwa anoramba ari pfuma yavo; mumiriri wemitemo anongotaura nezve kuaendesa kuti ashande kune vakavimbiswa vatengesi.
• Kune zvakare masisitimu eAISKUE asina kungwara (kureva kuti haazadzise zvidiki zvinodiwa zvePP 890), zvinova zvevaridzi vakasiyana - masangano ekutungamira muzvivakwa zvemafurati uye zvivakwa zvehofisi, kamuri yezhizha uye masangano ekurima gadheni, mabhizinesi emaindasitiri, vatori vechikamu mumusika wemagetsi.

Pane chimwezve chikamu chechero ISU - kuchengeteka zvinodiwa, kusanganisira data transfer protocols. Izvi zvinodiwa (izvo zvinonzi "intruder model", pamwe chete neprotocol specifications) hazvisati zvabvumirwa; Bazi reMagetsi neBazi rezvekufambiswa kwemashoko rakarairwa kuti rigadzirise uye ribvumidzwe naNdira 1, 2021. Uye panosvika Chikunguru 1, 2021, iyo yakabatana coding yeese ma metering point - chero data kubva kune chero metering michina inozobatanidzwa nekodhi yakasarudzika kusvika kunetiweki iyo mudziyo wakaisirwa (ikozvino, muridzi wega wega ISU anoshandisa encoding yavo). Izvi, tichifunga nezvehuwandu uye mahara kuchinjana kweakangwara metering data pakati pemakambani emagetsi, zvinobvumira kugadzira dhatabhesi rakagoverwa nekuzivikanwa kwakajeka. Panguva imwecheteyo, data yemutengi wega wega inodzivirirwa nezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedzwa kwedata remunhu.

Kupfupisa: smart metering masisitimu anogona kuve akavakirwa pane akasiyana ekuvaka mhinduro, shandisa akasiyana data tekinoroji tekinoroji, ndeevaridzi vakasiyana, asi iwo ese anofanirwa kupa hushoma kushanda kwedata, mashandiro, uye zviito zvakatemwa muPP 890.

5. Ndirini pandichawana smart metering uye ichaita marii?

Chokutanga pane zvose, ngativei zvakajeka: zvakajairwa uye akachenjera mamita pamutengo wemakambani etiweki uye vatengesi vakavimbiswa havazoisirwe kune wese anoida, uye kubva munaChikunguru 1, 2020, kune avo chete:

1. Iyo metering mudziyo usipo kana kurasika;
2. Mudziyo wekuyeresa hauchina kurongeka;
3. Hupenyu hwesevhisi hwechigadzirwa hwapera (iri makore 25-30);
4. Chigadzirwa chacho hachienderani nekirasi yekururama (2.0 yevatengi veimba - ndiko kuti, kukanganisa kwayo kuri mukati me2%. Mamita akare ane kirasi 2.5 anofanira kutorwa kunze kwebasa. Kirasi yekururama ndiyo nhamba iri mudenderedzwa pane pani yepamberi yechigadzirwa);
5. Nguva iri pakati pekuongororwa yapera - kazhinji nguva iyi ndeye makore gumi nematanhatu emidziyo yemumba.
   

   Nekudaro, nekuda kwematanho e-anti-coronavirus, kuverenga kwemamita neyakapera-yekusimbisa nguva kubva kuvatengi vemba inogamuchirwa kusvika Ndira 1, 2020;

6. Panguva yekubatanidza tekinoroji kune network, panguva yekuvakwa kwezvivakwa zvefurati nemugadziri.

Pane imwe pfungwa yakakosha yakatemwa nemumiriri:

• Kubva munaChikunguru 1, 2020 kusvika Zvita 31, 2021, makambani egridi uye vatengesi vakavimbiswa vanogona kuisa akajairwa metering michina (asi kana vakapihwa mari yezvishandiso zvine hungwaru mumitero, vanoisa akangwara);
• Asi kutanga kubva muna Ndira 1, 2022, makambani egridi uye vatengesi vakavimbiswa vanoisa ese matsva metres ane hungwaru kushanda uye nekupa mukana kune masisitimu avo kuitira kuti mutengi aone ari kure data rese rakaunganidzwa nemamita: kuburikidza neakaundi yako pawebhusaiti kana nharembozha. Iyo yekupinda ichave pasi pezita rako rekushandisa uye password, uye iwe uchaona chete yako smart metres.
• Imwe pfungwa: kana iwe uri muridzi weimba yezhizha kana imba yebindu, garaji mumubatanidzwa wegaraji, hofisi muchivako chehofisi, kana mumubatanidzwa wako kana musha iyo intra-musha network isiri yeimwe yemakambani etiweki mudunhu (inogona kuva yevaridzi vese mune mamwe masheya, kana yemubatanidzwa), saka hapana kambani yetiweki, kana mupi wekuvimbisa anopihwa mahara ezvishandiso zvinosungirwa kuisirwa mapoinzi emahara. pamusuwo wemusha, mubatanidzwa, hofisi, uko muganho wekambani network inotanga - iyo network network inoiisa ipapo). Ikodzero yako, sevaridzi, kuungana uye kusarudza rudzi rwemamita auchaisa - akangwara kana akajairwa, akachipa. Saizvozvo - mukati memuganho wechirimwa, mall, kana pasina network yeimwe network network ipapo, varidzi veworkshops, nzvimbo vanoisa metering nemari yavo.

Saka, kana iwe, semutengi wepamba, wapedza nguva yeinter-verification, unogona kuendesa kuverenga kwemamita kusvika 1.01.2020, uye vanozogamuchirwa.

Kana metering yako isiri kushanda kana isipo (uye paine mukana wekuiisa), wobva wabata kusangano regridi (kana iwe uine imba yega kana zvimwe zvivakwa zvisina kubatana ne-mumba network yeimba yeimba).

Kana iwe uine furati iri mufurati rine network yakajairika kana isiri-yekugara mune imwe imba yakabatana ne-in-house network, wobva wabata mupi anovimbiswa. Kuwanda kwemabasa ekuisa metering kune chikamu chemupi wekuvimbisa haasanganisi dzimba dzebhuroka, mataundi edzimba ane akasiyana ekuisa - iyi ndiyo chiyero chemabasa eiyo grid sangano.

Iwe uchakurumidza sei kugamuchira metering mudziyo? PP Nhamba 442 inotsanangura nguva yemwedzi mitanhatu kubva pazuva rekushandiswa. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti unzwisise kuti varidzi vazhinji vedzimba nedzimba havana kukurumidza kutsiva metering mudziyo nemubhadharo wavo pamberi paChikunguru 6, 1, kana vakasangana nevaya vane mudziyo wakatadza mushure meChikunguru 2020, vanogadzira mutsara wakakura wekutsiva (nhamba yenyanzvi dzinotsiva metering michina haigone kuwedzera nekukurumidza uye kakawanda). Kana iwe uri mutengi anga asina kukurumidza kutsiva mudziyo wako pamberi paChikunguru 1, uchigamuchira bhiri zvinoenderana neyakajairwa, pamwe wakazviita nekuti mwero waikuitira pundutso pane kuverenga kwakavakirwa pakushandisa chaiko? Ndokunge, iwe unofanirwa kuve wakagadzirira kuti kutsiva kwemahara kweiyo metering mudziyo kunotungamira kune chokwadi chekuti muripo chaiwo unochajwa zvichienderana nekuverenga chaiko uchawedzera (kana iwe uchafanirwa kuita kuchengetedza simba mufurati yako kana imba), uye nekusabhadhara, iyo metering mudziyo ichakubvisa iwe kunyangwe pasina timu inosiya.

Asi chii chinoitika kana mudziyo wangu wemamita ukaputsika uye ndikasabatikana negridi kana mupi anovimbiswa (muimba yefurati)? Nenguva isipi (kana mutsetse wekutsiva wadzikira), sangano regridi kana mutengesi akavimbiswa achakubata iwe pachako uye okupa kuisa mudziyo. Iwe unofanirwa kubvumirana pane yekumisikidza nzvimbo (kana kutsiva, kana mudziyo waivepo kare).

Vamwe vatengi havadi kumirira uye vakagadzirira kubhadhara kuiswa kwechigadzirwa chakangwara ivo pachavo, kungowana metering mudziyo "kunze kwekutendeuka", pasina kumirira iripo kuti ipedze iyo inter-verification interval, kana pasina kumirira kusvika Ndira 1, 2022. Mutemo haurambidzi vatengi vakadaro kuisa metering michina yemubhadharo. Izvi, nenzira, zvinoderedza mutoro pamutengo wevatengi vose.

Asi chii mutengo we smart metering? Ngatiite masvomhu. Kare, mutengi wepamba aibhadhara kutsiva uye kuiswa kwemamita akajairika kubva ku1 kusvika ku2 zviuru zveRubles (zvichienderana nekuti aida imwe- kana mbiri-tariff mita) paavhareji kamwe pamakore gumi nematanhatu, ndiko kuti, paavhareji 1 - 16 rubles pamwedzi yekushandisa.

Mutengo wechishandiso chakangwara, uchifunga nezveUSPD system kana zviteshi zvepasi, maseva uye software pamutengi weimba, uchifunga nezvekuisa uye kugadzirisa, inotarisirwa kunge iri zviuru zvinomwe-7-10 zviuru zveRubles - zvichienderana nerudzi rwehurongwa, kuwanda kwevatengi uye, zvakakosha, zvichienderana nekuchinja kwemitengo pamusika wezvishandiso zvakangwara. Izvi, kwenguva yemakore gumi nematanhatu, inenge 16 - 36,5 rubles pamwedzi kana 52,1-5% yemari yemwedzi yemagetsi yevatengi vakawanda.

Izvi zvinoreva here kuti mutero wehuwandu uchawedzera ne5-10% nekuda kwe smart metering? Uyu hausi mubvunzo wakapfava wakadaro, sezvo mutero wehuwandu unotsigirwa nevatengi vemagetsi emagetsi, kunyanya indasitiri hombe. Uye mutero wehuwandu pachawo unorongedzerwa gore negore nemari isingakwiri kupfuura iyo yepamutemo inflation nhamba - izvi zvinongovhara kuwedzera kwemitengo yemitengo. Nokudaro, mhinduro kumubvunzo pamusoro pekuwedzera kwemitero kune vanhu ndeyotevera: Zvinotarisirwa kuti kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwevanhu huchapfuura inflation, ndiko kuti, iyo yakawanda yakawanda yemitengo ye smart metering muhuwandu ichawira pamasangano epamutemo, ayo mugove wekushandisa unosvika 80%. Kune vazhinji vavo, izvi zvichave kuwedzera kusinganzwisisike (kuchinja kwemitengo mumusika wekutengesa kune miganho yakakura), asi zvachose, hongu, smart metering mutoro unooneka pamutero. Uyezve, sezvo vagari vazhinji vakaunganidza avo vasina kukurumidza kutsiva metering mudziyo wemari, mutoro uyu uchave wakakosha mumakore ekutanga. Uye iyo purogiramu pachayo yekutsiva metering ne smart metering ichakwevera mberi kwemakore gumi nematanhatu - kusvika iyo inter-verification interval yezvakajairwa zvishandiso zvakaiswa muhafu yekutanga ye16 yapera.

Tinogona sei kudzikisa uye kukwidziridza mutero wemutero kubva mukuitwa kwehungwaru metering? Chinhu chekutanga chinouya mupfungwa ndechekuisa denga remutengo wemidziyo yakadaro. Asi iyi ndiyo yakanyanya kusashanda mhinduro - mutengo zvivharo, maererano neruzivo rwedu rwemakore makumi matatu apfuura, zvinozotungamira nekuperevedza kwemidziyo pamusika. Uye hapana akabvisa zvisungo zvekuisa uye zvirango zvekusaisa kubva kune vanovimbisa vatengesi uye netiweki masangano.

Isu, mainjiniya emagetsi, tichiri kutarisira kuti kukwikwidzana pakati pevagadziri vezvishandiso zvakangwara uye masisitimu kuchaita kuderera kukuru kwemitengo mumakore anotevera (munhoroondo, mitengo yemagetsi ese anowanzo kuderera, kunyanya kumagetsi anoshandisa zvikamu zvisiri izvo zvakanyanya kuita).

Asi pane imwe nzira yekudzikisa mutengo wekushandisa smart metering. Ichi chi midziyo yakazara yezvivakwa zvefurati ine metering. Inoshanda sei? Parizvino, mutemo unoti: iwo mapoinzi apo mudziyo usipo, kunze kwekurongeka, kurasika, hupenyu hwesevhisi hwapera, kana nguva pakati pekuongorora metering mudziyo yapera inoenderana nemahara metering. Asi mukati mechivako chefurati, izvi zvinoreva kuti kutsiva zvigadziriso zvemamita neakachenjera kuchave "kudonha" - pano ivo vakatsiva ivo, uye pano vanozotsiviwa chete muna 2027, uye pano - muna 2036 ... Nguva, peturu, muhoro ... Uye kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti zvishandiso zvese zvakadaro zvinowana kune yakangwara sisitimu (kune server) kubva 1, zvichave zvakakosha kuisa USPD mudzimba dzese, kana kuvhara maguta ese ane network yezviteshi zvepasi ... Literally mugore! Nekuda kweizvozvo, mutengo pa metering point mumakore ekutanga uchawedzera kakawanda, izvi zvichave zvisingaite zvakanyanya, point automation isingazope mhedzisiro kune vangave vagari, kana manejimendi masangano, kana mainjiniya emagetsi.

Nzira yekubuda nayo mumamiriro ezvinhu aya midziyo yakaoma yezvivakwa zvefurati. Padanho redunhu, inogadzirwa uye inobvumidzwa chirongwa chemakore akawanda chekushongedza ISU, tichifunga kuti yakawanda sei mutero inogona "kudhonza". Chirongwa ichi chinotsanangura dzimba chaidzo dzinofanirwa kunge dzakashongedzerwa 100% gore rino. Chekutanga, chirongwa ichi chinosanganisira dzimba dzine yakanyanya kurasikirwa mukati meimba, iyo inowedzera mari yekuwedzera kune vagari nemakambani ekutungamira, dzimba dzine network dzakagadzirira PLC, dzimba dziri padhuze nechiteshi. Dare richashanda paimba imwe kubva pakutanga kusvikira yakwana zvakakwana, izvo zvichaderedza zvakanyanya mari yekuisa.

Asi kuti titore chirongwa chakadaro chekushongedzerwa kwakazara nehungwaru metering, zvinodikanwa kugadzirisa mutemo uripo, izvo zvinobvumira dunhu kuti riite sarudzo ipapo sei, munguva ipi, uye neapi matekinoroji anonyanya kushanda kuita akangwara metering.

Ngatiipei muchidimbu: mutemo uripo unoda "point" kugadzirira zvivakwa zvefurati zvine smart metering, uye kugadzirira kwakadaro kunogona kutora makore gumi nematanhatu. Mari yakawanda inofanira kuiswa mumakore ekutanga, uye zvishoma nezvishoma. Izvi zvakanyanya kusashanda uye zvinodhura, uye hazvibudise chero mhedzisiro.

Nzira yakarongwa ndeyekupa dunhu mukana wekuumba chirongwa chakazara tichifunga nezve tariff inogoneka kwenguva yakareba. Iyi purogiramu icharatidza zvivakwa zvakananga izvo zviri pasi pe100% zvishandiso mugore rakapihwa. Izvi zvichabvumira kusaparadzira mari, asi kuwana kutonga pamusoro pekushandisa kwavo: shure kwezvose, zviri nyore kutarisa kana pane hurongwa muzvivako zvemafurati mazana mana zvinofanira kunge zvakashongedzerwa gore rino pane kuti chigadzirwa chacho chakaiswa mumakumi mana ega ega akapararira muzvivako zve400?

6. Chii chichandipa smart metering (mutengi, bhizinesi)?

Chekutanga, mudziyo wakangwara inosunungura mutengi kubva pakuda kutora uye kutumira kuverenga kwake, uye kutengesa simba uye network mari yekuongorora nevanoongorora inoderedzwa (kunyangwe zvisingapere zvachose - mushure mezvose, smart metres inodawo nguva nenguva kugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa dambudziko pane saiti).

Basa rinokosha ndeiri accounting yeawa, iyo inobvumira chero mutengi-yemutemo sangano uye munhu muzvinabhizimisi, kunyange ice cream kumira, chero nguva chinja kumutengo weawa, ine maverengero anoenderana nemitengo yesimba uye simba inoenderana nemitengo yemusika weholesale (iyi ndiyo 3rd kusvika 6th mutengo wezvikamu mumutengo wemitengo). Mutengi wepamba anogona kusarudza imwe yemitengo mitatu - imwechete-chiyero, "masikati-husiku" uye "peak-semi-peak-husiku". Uye kwete kungosarudza, asi zvichibva pamasimba ekushandiswa kweawa iyo yakangwara sisitimu pachayo icharatidza kuti ndeupi mutero une pundutso, rinhi uye nemarii. Uye nekutevera kurudziro yekuyera hurongwa hwekutakura mukati memutero uripo, chikamu chemutengo, uye kurudziro yekuchengetedza simba, mutengi achakwanisa kuderedza bhiri rako resimba zvakatonyanya, nepo smart metering ichakubatsira iwe kunzwisisa kupi uye yakawanda sei yaungaideredza. Kutenda kune akawanda ma parameter anoonekwa neakangwara mudziyo, zvinokwanisika kusuma huwandu hwakawanda hwemitengo, ichipa dzimwe sarudzo dzekusarudza mutero wakakwana.

Mutengi (parizvino chete sangano repamutemo) ane mukana wekutora chikamu mukuiswa kwechigadzirwa chakangwara kudiwa manejimendi musika - gamuchira mubhadharo wekuti mutengi akatamisa kushandiswa kubva kumaawa epamusoro kusvika kumaawa iwayo apo mutoro pasimba resimba wakaderera. Izvi zvichabvumira kuderedza mitengo yemagetsi pamusika wekutengesa, kuderedza mutoro uye kubhadhara kwesimba rekuchengetedza kwezvinodhura zvakanyanya, zvisingabatsiri uye zvinowanzoitwa ecologically "tsvina" zviteshi uye masimba emagetsi. Uyu musika unovimbisa kwazvo - sevhisi yeMukuru Wemagetsi Engineer mubhizinesi, nekuda kwekutora chikamu mukutarisira kudiwa, inomira kungova sosi yemitengo, inotanga kupa rukova rwemari inogona kutobhadhara kuigadzirisa.

Kutenda kune smart metering muzvivakwa zvefurati kurasika kwedzimba kwakajairika kuchaderedzwa zvakanyanya, iyo inoderedza mari yevagari vemo uye kubvisa mari yemakambani ekutarisira kubhadhara mari yakawandisa mukati meimba, kusunungura mari yekuenderera mberi kwekugadzirisa nekuvandudzwa kwechivako uye nzvimbo yakapoteredza.

Smart metering data, kana ikashandiswa zvinobudirira, inoita bhizinesi uye bhizinesi zvishoma "smart" tekinoroji, nekuti. zvese zvinyengeri zvetekinoroji maitiro zvinoratidzwa mukushanduka kwekushandiswa kwesimba rinoshanda uye rinoshanda., uye kudhirodha kwavo, kusanganisira nekururama kweminiti imwe chete, zvinogona kupa yekuwedzera sosi yedata yekugonesa maitiro ekushandisa kwemidziyo.

Nekuti iyo smart device inoverenga simba zvose zvekugamuchira uye kutapurirana, ipapo mutengi ari muimba yega ane mukana wekuisa turbine yemhepo kana solar panels ine simba rinosvika 15 kW (izvi zvinoda kushandura mazwi ehutano hwekubatanidza musangano regridi), pedzisa chibvumirano nemutengesi akavimbiswa ari kukushandira iwe pamusoro pekugovera kwekuwedzera kune grid pamitengo isingakwikwi kupfuura mitengo yemusika weholese (iyi paavhareji yemutengo we 3 kW ichaenderana nemutengo we XNUMX kW). awa - zvakachipa usiku!

Kutenda kune yakagoverwa sisitimu yemakumi nemazana ezviuru zveakangwara metering zvishandiso zvinoyera paawa uye kunyange miniti-neminiti magirafu esimba rinoshanda uye rinoshanda, voltage uye zvazvino paramita, iyo simba system inogamuchira. sosi yakakosha yedata yekugonesa maitiro ako ekushandisa, kuzivisa reserves uye simba deficits akaputsika pasi neimwe node, feeder, substation, kuderedza kurasikirwa uye kuziva zviri pamutemo kubatana, kuzivisa pfungwa mune network apo reactive simba muripo, chizvarwa nharaunda, kusanganisira renewable simba manyuko, simba kuunganidza kutsetseka kunze peaks uye kuenzana parameters mumambure achabudirira. Tichifunga nezve data idzva, zvirongwa zvekudyara zvekugadzira uye network zvinogona kudzokororwa nekugadziridzwa, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwemitengo.

Kuzvipfupikisa: zvine hungwaru, mumaonero emakore gumi, mushure mekunge smart metres yapararira, smart metering inoshandura simba, ichiita kuti inyatsoita, uye nekudaro inokwanisika kumutengi wekupedzisira, inopa mikana yakawanda yemutengi kukwirisa bhiri ravo remagetsi, kutora chikamu mukutonga kwekuda, uye kuita anoshanda mamenu emitero. Izvi zvinozopedzisira zvabhadhara mari yekuwedzera inosanganisirwa mutero, ichibvumira kuti ideredze kukura kwayo kwenguva refu, zvisinei, mumakore ekutanga, kutora mapurogiramu akadaro muakaunti mutero anogona kupa akati wandei mapeji ekukura.

Kudzikamisa kukura uku, sezvatakatsanangura pamusoro, zvinogoneka kuburikidza nekugamuchirwa kwechirongwa chakazara chekushongedza nehungwaru metering, paine chiratidzo chezvivakwa zvemafurati izvo zvichange zvakashongedzerwa 100% mune rimwe nerimwe remakore ekushanda kwechirongwa.

7. Chii chinotevera?

Chirongwa chekushongedza ne smart metering chichagara kwemakore gumi nematanhatu - kudzamara mapoinzi ese ave nemamita akadaro. Makore gumi nematanhatu ndiyo nguva kusvika iyo yekupedzisira yakajairwa michina yakaiswa muna 16-16 yapedza nguva yavo yeinter-verification. Iyi nguva inogona kuderedzwa kusvika kumakore gumi nekutora zvirongwa zvedunhu zvakakodzera zvemidziyo yakazara (vachabvumira kuderedzwa kwemutero mumakore ekutanga ekuisa uye kuwana masosi ekuwedzera huwandu hwebasa mumakore mashanu-2020).

Chirongwa chekushongedza nemagetsi akangwara metering chichakurudzira kuisirwa kwakangwara midziyo kune zvimwe zviwanikwa zvakare - inopisa uye inotonhora mvura, gasi uye kupisa. Mushure mekugamuchira mudziyo wakangwara wemita mukushanda, vazhinji varidzi vedzimba nedzimba vanozofarirawo mamwe ma smart masisitimu epamba - akasiyana masensa uye controller (kutsemuka kwepombi, kubuda gasi, kutsemuka kwemahwindo, kuvhurika kwemahwindo nemasuo, vhidhiyo yekutarisa masisitimu, kudzora keteni, mimhanzi, mamiriro ekunze uye magetsi ...)

Iyo smart magetsi mita inewo nzvimbo yekukura. Iko kushanda kunotsanangurwa ikozvino hakuna kushevedzwa pasina zvishoma. Mune ramangwana mita inogona kuita "smart hub" kutarisisa ruzivo kubva kune ese maturusi eimba yakangwara kana furati, zvishandiso zvakaiswa pamusuwo, mamita ezvimwe zviwanikwa. A smart mita anogona kurekodha kushoma shanduko mumagetsi uye ikozvino, reactive simba, uye kunzwisisa kuti ndeapi maturusi akabatidzwa nekudzimwa - kwete kumba chete, asiwo muhofisi, kubasa. Izvi zvinokutendera kuti unzwisise kuti ndeapi maturusi nemidziyo iri kushanda, munguva dzipi, zvinobudirira sei - kuronga inoshanda simba manejimendi, pasi pekutonga kwe "artificial intelligence", inomiririrwa nemamiriyoni emidziyo yakangwara, maturusi makuru ekugadzirisa data, nhamba, dhatabhesi yezvakanakisa maitiro ekusarudza uye kutonga modhi yechero mudziyo.

Smart metres ichachinja hupenyu hwedu nenzira imwechete senharembozha, Internet, uye nharembozha dzachinja. Isu tiri pachikumbaridzo chenguva yemberi, apo zvese zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvichave zvipenyu zvimwechete, zvinozvigadzirisa, zvinoshumira zviri nyore, nyaradzo, uye inoshanda basa remunhu.

PS Intelligent accounting inyaya yakafaranuka uye ine mativi mazhinji. Kana uine mibvunzo nezve sangano, economics, logistics, ini ndichaedza kuvapindura mumashoko.

Source: www.habr.com