Mhoro, Habr! Ndanga ndichitsigira Highload IT masisitimu kwemakore gumi. Ini handisi kuzonyora mune ino chinyorwa nezve matambudziko ekumisikidza nginx kushanda mu1000+ RPS modhi kana zvimwe zvinhu zvehunyanzvi. Ini ndichagovera zvandinoona pamusoro pezvinetso mumatanho anomuka mukutsigirwa nekushanda kwemaitiro akadaro.
Kuongorora
Tsigiro yehunyanzvi haimirire kusvika chikumbiro chasvika nezvirimo "Chii Nei ... saiti isiri kushanda zvakare?" Mukati meminiti mushure mekuparara kwesaiti, rutsigiro runofanira kutoona dambudziko uye kutanga kurigadzirisa. Asi nzvimbo iyi ndiyo muromo wechando. Kuwanikwa kwayo ndeimwe yekutanga kuongororwa.
Chii chekuita nemamiriro ezvinhu kana zvinhu zvasara zvechitoro chepamhepo zvisisasvike kubva kuERP system? Kana kuti CRM system inoverenga zvidzikiso zvevatengi yamira kupindura? Nzvimbo iyi inoita kunge iri kushanda. Conditional Zabbix inogamuchira yayo mazana maviri mhinduro. Basa rekuchinja harisati rawana zviziviso kubva mukutarisisa uye riri kuona nemufaro chikamu chekutanga chemwaka mutsva weGame of Thrones.
Kuongorora kunowanzo kugumira pakuyera chete mamiriro endangariro, RAM uye server processor mutoro. Asi kune bhizinesi zvakanyanya kukosha kuwana chigadzirwa kuwanikwa pawebhusaiti. Iko kutadza kwemamiriro emumwe muchina chaiwo musumbu kunotungamira kune chokwadi chekuti traffic ichamira kuenda kwairi uye mutoro kune mamwe maseva uchawedzera. Iyo kambani haizorasikirwa nemari.
Naizvozvo, pamusoro pekutarisa tekinoroji paramita yeanoshanda masisitimu pamaseva, iwe unofanirwa kugadzirisa bhizinesi metrics. Metrics inobata mari zvakananga. Kudyidzana kwakasiyana-siyana nekunze masisitimu (CRM, ERP nevamwe). Nhamba yemirairo yenguva yakati. Kubudirira kana kusabudirira mvumo yevatengi uye mamwe ma metrics.
Kudyidzana nekunze masisitimu
Chero webhusaiti kana nharembozha ine shanduko yegore inodarika bhiriyoni rubles inopindirana nekunze masisitimu. Kutanga kubva pane zvataurwa pamusoro apa CRM neERP uye kupera nekuendesa data rekutengesa kune yekunze Big Data system yekuongorora kutenga uye kupa mutengi chigadzirwa chaachazotenga (chaizvoizvo, kwete). Imwe neimwe nzira yakadaro ine tsigiro yayo. Uye kazhinji kutaurirana nemaitiro aya kunokonzera marwadzo. Kunyanya kana dambudziko riri repasi rose uye iwe unofanirwa kuriongorora mune dzakasiyana masisitimu.
Mamwe masisitimu anopa nhamba yefoni kana teregiramu kune avo vanotungamirira. Kumwe kunofanirwa kunyora tsamba kune mamaneja kana kuenda kune bug trackers yeaya ekunze masisitimu. Kunyangwe mukati memamiriro ekambani imwe hombe, masisitimu akasiyana anowanzo kushanda mune akasiyana application accounting system. Dzimwe nguva zvinove zvisingaite kuteedzera chimiro cheapp. Iwe unogashira chikumbiro mune imwe chete inomisikidzwa Jira. Zvino mukutaura kweiyi Jira yekutanga unoisa chinongedzo kunyaya mune imwe Jira. Mune yechipiri Jira mukushandisa, mumwe munhu ari kutonyora chirevo icho unofanira kufonera ane conditional admin Andrey kugadzirisa nyaya. Etc.
Mhinduro yakanakisa yedambudziko iri ingave yekugadzira imwe nzvimbo yekutaurirana, semuenzaniso muSlack. Kukoka vese vatori vechikamu muhurongwa hwekushandisa masystem ekunze kuti vajoine. Uye zvakare tracker imwe chete kuti usadzokorore maapplication. Zvikumbiro zvinofanirwa kuteverwa munzvimbo imwechete, kubva pakutarisisa zviziviso kusvika pakubuda kwebug mhinduro mune ramangwana. Iwe uchati izvi hazvisi zvechokwadi uye zvakaitika kare kuti isu tinoshanda mune imwe tracker, uye ivo vanoshanda mune imwe. Masisitimu akasiyana akaonekwa, vaive neavo ega ega IT zvikwata. Ndinobvuma, uye naizvozvo dambudziko rinoda kugadziriswa kubva kumusoro paCIO kana kuti muridzi wechigadzirwa.
Yese sisitimu yaunosangana nayo inofanirwa kupa rutsigiro sevhisi ine SLA yakajeka kugadzirisa nyaya nekutanga. Uye kwete kana ane conditional admin Andrey aine miniti yako.
Bottleneck Man
Munhu wese ari pachirongwa (kana chigadzirwa) ane munhu uyo ββkuenda kuzororo kunokonzera kugwinha pakati pevakuru vavo? Izvi zvinogona kuve injinjiniya ye devops, muongorori kana mugadziri. Mushure mezvose, injinjiniya chete ye devops anoziva kuti ndeapi maseva ane midziyo yakaiswa, maitiro ekutangazve mudziyo kana paine dambudziko, uye kazhinji, chero dambudziko rakaoma harigone kugadziriswa pasina iye. Muongorori ndiye ega anoziva kuti mashandiro ako akaomarara anoshanda sei. Ndeipi data hova inoenda kupi. Pasi pezvipi zvichemo zvekukumbira kune masevhisi, ndeapi atichagamuchira mhinduro.
Ndiani anokurumidza kunzwisisa kuti nei paine zvikanganiso mumatanda uye nekukasira kugadzirisa yakakosha bug muchigadzirwa? Zvechokwadi mugadziri mumwe chete. Kune vamwe, asi nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero chete anonzwisisa kuti ma modules akasiyana ehurongwa anoshanda sei.
Mudzi wedambudziko iri kushaikwa kwemagwaro. Mushure mezvose, kana masevhisi ese ehurongwa hwako akatsanangurwa, zvino zvaizogoneka kutarisana nedambudziko pasina muongorori. Kana ma devops akatora mazuva mashoma kubva muhurongwa hwake hwakabatikana uye akatsanangura ese maseva, masevhisi uye mirairo yekugadzirisa zvakajairika matambudziko, ipapo dambudziko iye asipo rinogona kugadziriswa pasina iye. Iwe haufanire kukurumidza kupedza doro rako pamahombekombe paunenge uri pazororo uye tsvaga wi-fi kugadzirisa dambudziko.
Kugona uye basa revashandi vekutsigira
Pamapurojekiti makuru, makambani haatambire mihoro yevagadziri. Ivo vari kutsvaga anodhura epakati kana vakuru kubva kumapurojekiti akafanana. Nekutsigirwa mamiriro acho akati siyanei. Vari kuedza kuderedza mari idzi munzira dzose dzinobvira. Makambani anohaya zvisingadhure vashandi veEnikey vezuro uye vakashinga kuenda kuhondo. Iyi sarudzo inogoneka kana isu tichitaura nezve bhizinesi kadhi webhusaiti yechirimwa muZelenograd.
Kana isu tichitaura nezve hombe online chitoro, saka nguva yega yega yekudonha inodhura kupfuura muhoro wepamwedzi weEnikey maneja. Ngatitorei bhiriyoni imwe rubles emari yegore negore sekutanga. Iyi ndiyo shoma yekuchinja kwechero online chitoro kubva pachiyero . Gurai huwandu uhu nehuwandu hwemaawa pagore uye uwane anopfuura 100 rubles ekurasikirwa net. Uye kana ukasaverenga maawa ehusiku, unogona zvakachengeteka kaviri huwandu.
Asi mari haisi chinhu chikuru, handiti? (kwete, chokwadi chinhu chikuru) Panewo mukurumbira kurasikirwa. Kudonha kwechitoro chinozivikanwa chepamhepo kunogona kukonzera ese mafungu eongororo pasocial network uye zvinyorwa mune thematic media. Uye hurukuro dzeshamwari mukicheni mumutauro we "Usatenga chero chinhu ipapo, webhusaiti yavo inogara iri pasi" haigoni kuyerwa zvachose.
Zvino kune mutoro. Mukuita kwangu, pane imwe nyaya apo maneja ari pabasa haana kupindura nenguva kune chiziviso kubva kuhurongwa hwekutarisa nezvekusavapo kwesaiti. Pane imwe nguva yezhizha inofadza manheru eChishanu, webhusaiti yechitoro chepaIndaneti chinozivikanwa muMoscow yakanyarara. NeMugovera mangwanani, maneja wechigadzirwa chesaiti ino haana kunzwisisa kuti sei saiti isina kuvhurika, uye pakave nekunyarara murutsigiro uye nekukurumidzira chiziviso chats muSlack. Kukanganisa kwakadaro kwakatitorera mari inosvika zvitanhatu, uye mukuru webasa uyu basa rake.
Basa hunyanzvi hwakaoma kukudziridza. Chero munhu anazvo kana kuti haana. Naizvozvo, panguva yekubvunzurudzwa, ndinoedza kuona kuvepo kwayo nemibvunzo yakasiyana-siyana inoratidza zvisina kunanga kana munhu akajaira kutora mutoro. Kana munhu akapindura kuti akasarudza yunivhesiti nemhaka yokuti vabereki vake vakadaro kana kuti kuchinja basa nemhaka yokuti mudzimai wake akati haawani mari yakakwana, zvino zviri nani kusabatanidzwa navanhu vakadaro.
Kudyidzana neboka rekusimudzira
Kana vashandisi vasangana nematambudziko akareruka nechigadzirwa panguva yekushanda, rutsigiro runoagadzirisa ivo pachavo. Anoedza kuburitsa dambudziko, anoongorora matanda, zvichingodaro. Asi chii chaunofanira kuita kana bug ichioneka muchigadzirwa? Muchiitiko ichi, rubatsiro runopa basa kune vanogadzira uye apa ndipo panotanga kunakidzwa.
Vagadziri vanogara vakaremerwa. Vari kugadzira zvinhu zvitsva. Kugadzirisa tsikidzi nekutengesa haisi iyo inonyanya kunakidza basa. Mazuva ekupedzisira ari kusvika kuti apedze mumhanyi unotevera. Uye ipapo vanhu vasingafadzi vanobva kuvatsigiri vanouya voti: "Siya zvese nekukasira, tine matambudziko." Izvo zvakakosha zvemabasa akadaro zvishoma. Kunyanya kana dambudziko risiri iro rinonyanya kukosha uye basa guru resaiti rinoshanda, uye kana maneja wekuburitsa asingamhanye nemeso akatsvuka uye nyora kuti: "Kurumidza wedzera basa iri kune rinotevera rekuburitswa kana hotfix."
Matambudziko ane zvakajairika kana pasi pekutanga anotamiswa kubva pakusunungurwa kuenda pakusunungurwa. Kumubvunzo wekuti "Basa racho richapedzwa riini?" uchagashira mhinduro nenzira yekuti: "Ndine urombo, kune akawanda mabasa izvozvi, bvunza vatungamiriri vechikwata chako kana kusunungura maneja."
Matambudziko ekugadzira anotora pamberi pepamusoro pane kugadzira zvitsva. Ongororo dzakaipa hadzizotore nguva dzichiuya kana vashandisi vachingogumburwa pamabhugi. Mukurumbira wakakanganisika wakaoma kudzorera.
Nyaya dzekudyidzana pakati pebudiriro nerutsigiro dzinogadziriswa neDevOps. Ichi chipfupiso chinowanzo shandiswa muchimiro chemumwe munhu anobatsira kugadzira nzvimbo dzekuyedza kusimudzira, anovaka mapaipi eCICD uye nekukurumidza kuunza yakaedzwa kodhi mukugadzira. DevOps inzira yekuvandudza software kana vese vatori vechikamu muchiitiko ichi vachidyidzana pamwe chete uye kubatsira kukurumidza kugadzira uye kugadzirisa zvigadzirwa zvesoftware nemasevhisi. Ndinoreva vaongorori, vanogadzira, vanoedza uye vanotsigirwa.
Munzira iyi, rutsigiro nebudiriro haasi madhipatimendi akasiyana ane zvinangwa nezvinangwa zvawo. Kubudirira kunobatanidzwa mukushanda uye zvakasiyana. Mutsara unozivikanwa wezvikwata zvakagoverwa: "Dambudziko harisi kudivi rangu" haricharatidzike muhurukuro kazhinji, uye vashandisi vanova vanofara zvishoma.
Source: www.habr.com