Huwandu hwezvishandiso uye zvinodiwa zvekumhanya kwedhata mumatambo asina waya zviri kukura mazuva ese. Uye iyo "dense" iyo network ndeye, zvakanyanya kujeka kukanganisa kweiyo yekare Wi-Fi yakatarwa inooneka: kukurumidza uye kuvimbika kwekufambisa data kunoderera. Kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, chiyero chitsva chakagadzirwa - Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax). Iyo inokutendera iwe kuti usvike isina waya yekubatanidza kumhanya inosvika 2.4 Gbps uye kushanda panguva imwe chete nenhamba huru yemidziyo yakabatana. Isu takatozviita mu router uye adapta . Munyaya ino ticharatidza kugona kwavo.
Nyowani muWi-fi 6
Iyo yapfuura chiyero, Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac), yakagadzirwa makore 9 apfuura, uye akawanda emaitiro ayo haana kugadzirirwa nhamba huru yekubatanidza. Sezvo huwandu hwezvishandiso hunowedzera, kumhanya kwechimwe nechimwe chazvo kunoderera, sezvo kupindirana kunoitika padanho remuviri uye nguva yakawandisa inopedzwa kumirira uye kutaurirana kutapurirana.
Yese Wi-Fi 6 mitsva ine chinangwa chekuvandudza mashandiro enhamba huru yemidziyo munzvimbo shoma, kuwedzera kumhanya kwekutapurirana kune yega yega. Dambudziko iri rinogadziriswa panguva imwe chete munzira dzinoverengeka, dzinodzika kusvika pakuwedzera kugona kwekushandisa frequency spectrum uye kuderedza kupindirana kwemidziyo yevavakidzani. Heano mamwe mazano anokosha.
BSS Coloring: Inobatsira kuderedza kukanganiswa kwevavakidzani yekuwana nzvimbo
Kana nzvimbo dzakawanda dzekuwana dzichipindirana, dzinodzivirirana kubva pakutanga kutapurirana. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti muWi-Fi network, kupinda kwepakati kunoitwa zvinoenderana neCSMA / CA (mutakuri pfungwa kuwanda kuwana uye kudzivirira kudhumhana) meshini: mudziyo nguva nenguva "unoteerera" frequency. Kana yakabatikana, kutapurirana kunononoka uye frequency inoteererwa mushure menguva yakati. Nekudaro, iyo yakawanda michina yakabatana kunetiweki, iyo imwe neimwe yadzo inofanirwa kumirira nguva yayo yekufambisa pakiti. Kana paine imwe isina waya network iri padyo, kuteerera kune frequency kunoratidza kuti iyo yekufambisa svikiro yakabatikana uye kutapurirana hakuzotanga.
Wi-Fi 6 yakaunza nzira yekuparadzanisa "yako" kutapurirana kubva kune "yekune dzimwe nyika" - BSS Coloring. Imwe neimwe pakiti inofambiswa pamusoro petiweki isina waya inomisikidzwa nerumwe ruvara; kutapurirana kwepaketi dzevamwe vanhu kunongo furatirwa. Izvi zvinogonesa zvakanyanya maitiro ekurwira iyo nzira yekutumira.
1024-QAM modulation: inotumira yakawanda mune imwechete spectral bhendi
Wi-Fi 6 inoshandisa chiyero chepamusoro che quadrature modulation (ichienzaniswa neyakapfuura chiyero): 1024-QAM, inowanikwa nenzira itsva dzeMCS 10 uye 11. Inokubvumira kutumira mabhiti gumi emashoko mupakiti panzvimbo ye10. Padanho remuviri, izvi zvinowedzera kukurumidza kutapurirana ne8%.
OFDMA: inomanikidza kutapurirana uchishandisa yega hertz uye millisecond
OFDMA - Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access - ipfungwa inova imwe budiriro yeOFDM, yakakweretwa kubva ku4G network. Iyo frequency bhendi umo kutapurirana kunoitika yakakamurwa kuita subcarriers. Kuendesa ruzivo, akati wandei evatakuri vanobatanidzwa kuitira kuti akati wandei data mapaketi afambiswe nenzira yakafanana (pamapoka akasiyana evatakuri). MuWi-Fi 6, nhamba yevatakuri vanowedzera ne4 nguva, iyo pachayo inobvumira kuchinjika kubata kweiyo frequency spectrum kurodha. Panguva imwecheteyo, nzira yekufambisa, sepakutanga, inoparadzaniswa nenguva.
Yakareba OFDM chiratidzo: inoita kuti kutapurirana kugadzikane
Kubudirira kwekufambisa kunogadzirisa kwete chete kuwanda kwe "packaging" yemashoko, asiwo kuvimbika kwekutumira kwayo. Kuvandudza kuvimbika munzvimbo dzakatsvikinyidzana dzemagetsi emagetsi, Wi-Fi 6 yakawedzera kureba kwechiratidzo uye nguva yekurinda.
2.4 GHz rutsigiro: inopa sarudzo kune akasiyana mamiriro ekuparadzira
Wi-Fi 5 zvishandiso zvakatsigira yapfuura Wi-Fi 4 yakajairwa mune iyi renji, iyo isina kusangana nekuwedzera kudiwa pane frequency spectrum. Kushandisa iyo 2.4 GHz bhendi inopa yakakura huwandu, asi ine yakaderera data data rates.
Beamforming uye 8 Γ 8 MU-MIMO: kubvumira kuti urege "kupisa" mhepo pasina
Beamforming tekinoroji inokutendera iwe kuti uchinje zvine simba maitiro emwaranzi yenzvimbo yekuwana, kuigadzirisa yakananga kune inogashira mudziyo, kunyangwe ikafamba. MU-MIMO, zvakare, inobvumidza iwe kutumira uye kugamuchira data kune akati wandei vatengi kamwechete. Iviri matekinoroji akaonekwa muWi-Fi 5, asi panguva iyoyo MU-MIMO yaingogoneka kuendesa data kubva kune router kuenda kumutengi. MuWi-Fi 6, ese ari maviri ekufambisa mafambiro anoshanda (kunyangwe parizvino ari ese ari kudzorwa nerouter). Panguva imwecheteyo, 8x8 MU-MIMO zvinoreva kuti chiteshi chichavepo panguva imwe chete ye8 kurodha hova uye 8 kurodha hova.
Museve AX6000
Archer AX6000 ndiyo yekutanga TP-Link router ine tsigiro yeWi-Fi 6. Iine muviri muhombe (25x25x6 cm) ine antenna akapetwa uye ine simba 12V 4000 mA magetsi:
Iyo router ine 8 gigabit LAN ports, 2.5 Gbps WAN port uye maviri USB ports: USB-C uye USB-3.0. Zvakare kumagumo kune mabhatani ekudzora eWPS, Wi-Fi uye mwenje chiratidzo pane yepakati icon:
Iyo router yakagadzirirwa kuisirwa patafura kana kumadziro uchishandisa maviri screws:
Kuti ubvise chifukidziro chepamusoro uye uone zviri mukati, unofanira kubvisa zvinyoro zvinyoro kubva kumashure, kusunungura zviputi zvina, uye wozosunungura chifukidzo. Sezvo paine chiratidzo pachivharo chepamusoro, pane tambo inoenda kwairi inoda kubviswa:
Mukati, zvinhu zvose zvakaputirwa mubhodhi rimwe rine ma radiator akawanda ane simba: muenzaniso unoshanda chinyararire uye wakakodzera kuiswa kumba kana pedyo nebasa. Yakavigwa pasi pemaradiator ndeye quad-core 1.8 GHz processor uye 2 coprocessors kubva kuBroadcom.
Kuti usvike kune rimwe divi rebhodhi, unofanirwa kubvisa ma antenna akasungirirwa kuUFL yekubatanidza. Iwo antenna pachawo anobatwa pazvimedu uye anogona kubviswa nyore nyore:
Sezvakarairwa nechiyero, chishandiso chinotsigira 8x8 MU-MIMO. Pamwe chete neOFDMA mune zvakabatikana network, tekinoroji inogona kuwedzera throughput kusvika ka4 kana ichienzaniswa neWi-Fi 5 zvishandiso.
Unogona kuyedza nemafunctions mukati (nenzira, inewo shanduko kuRussia). Iyo router pachayo inotsigira yakajairwa network marongero: WAN, LAN, DHCP, kudzora kwevabereki, IPv6, NAT, QOS, muenzi network mode.
Archer AX6000 inogona kushanda se router, kugovera Internet kune vane waya uye vasina waya vashandisi, kana senzvimbo yekuwana:
Panguva imwecheteyo, isina waya network inogona kuiswa panguva imwe chete muzvikamu zviviri zvefrequency - kana zvichidikanwa uye kana rutsigiro rwakakodzera rwuripo, vatengi vanoendeswa kune imwe isingaremerwi:
Pakati pezvirongwa zvepamberi, unogona kusarudza pakati Vhura VPN nePPTP VPN:
Kuwedzera kuchengetedzeka kunopihwa neakavakirwa-mukati antivirus, iyo inogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa kusefa kwezvinhu zvisingadiwe uye kuchengetedzwa kubva pakurwisa kwekunze. Antivirus, sekutonga kwevabereki, inoitwa zvichibva pane TrendMicro zvigadzirwa:
Akabatanidzwa USBs anogona kusarudzwa seyakagovaniswa folda kana FTP sevha:
Pakati pemabasa epamberi eimba, iyo AX6000 ine tsigiro yekushanda nezwi mubatsiri Alexa uye IFTTT, iyo yaunogona kugadzira akareruka emumba mamiriro:
Museve TX3000E
Archer TX3000E iWi-Fi uye Bluetooth adapta inoshandisa Intel Wi-Fi 6 chipset. Iyo kit inosanganisira iyo PCI-E bhodhi pachayo, 98 cm kureba kure magineti base ine maviri antennas, uye yekuwedzera gomo remasystem mayuniti ediki fomu chinhu. Iwo antennas anoshandisa yakajairwa SMA yekubatanidza, saka kana zvichidikanwa, anogona kutsiviwa neakareba.
Paunenge uchishanda mu802.11ax inoenderana modhi, iyi adapta inokutendera iwe kuti uwane yakanyanya kumhanya ye2.4 Gbps. Saka, kana nzira yekukurukurirana yakaganhurirwa ku1000/500 Mbit/s:
Zvakadini nerange?
Kutapurirana renji sehunhu hwechimwe chishandiso chinogona kutariswa mumamiriro maviri: mukushaikwa kwemamwe maturusi uye zvipingamupinyi, uye zvakare mumamiriro eine dense network yeimwe yakajairwa gadziriso.
Muchiitiko chekutanga, huwandu hwekutumira hunotarwa nesimba reiyo transmitter, uye inogumira nechiyero. Iine Beamforming dhata rutsigiro, huwandu huchave hwakakwira kupfuura hwezvishandiso zveiyo yakapfuura vhezheni yechiyero, sezvo iyo radiation pateni yeanotumira antenna array ichagadziriswa munzira yechishandiso chemutengi. Zvichava zvine musoro kutaura nezve imwe mhando yebvunzo chete kana yakafararira yemidziyo inotsigira Wi-Fi 6 ichipinda mumusika, ichiisa radiation pateni kugadzirisa nenzira dzakasiyana. Asi kunyangwe mune iyi kesi, bvunzo yacho ingangove yerabhoritari, isina chekuita nekushanda chaiko kwemidziyo iyi.
Muchiitiko chechipiri - apo router inotumira data munharaunda yezvimwe zvigadziri zvakafanana - kuenzanisa nemitemo yekare hainawo maturo. BSS Coloring ichakubvumidza kuti ugamuchire chiratidzo zvakanyanya mberi, kunyangwe kana router iri kushanda padhuze pane imwechete chiteshi. MU-MIMO ichaitawo basa pano. Mune mamwe mazwi, chiyero pachacho chinovakwa nenzira yekuti kuenzanisa pane iyi parameter hakuna zvazvinoreva.
Source: www.habr.com