Muchinyorwa chino ndichataura nezve maitiro atakaedza kuvaka decentralized scooter renti pane smart zvibvumirano uye nei isu tichiri kuda sevhisi yepakati.
Izvozvo zvakatanga sei
MunaNovember 2018, takatora chikamu muhackathon yakatsaurirwa kuInternet Yezvinhu uye blockchain. Chikwata chedu chakasarudza kugovera scooter sepfungwa sezvo takanga tine scooter kubva kune anotsigira iyi hackathon. Iyo prototype yaitaridzika senge mobile application iyo inokutendera kuti utange scooter kuburikidza neNFC. Kubva pakuona kwekutengesa, pfungwa iyi yakatsigirwa nenyaya ye "ramangwana rakajeka" ine ecosystem yakazaruka apo chero munhu anogona kuva muroja kana muridzi wemba, zvose zvichibva pazvibvumirano zvakanaka.
Vabatiri vedu vakanyatsofarira iyi pfungwa, uye vakafunga kuishandura kuita prototype yekuratidzwa pazviratidzwa. Mushure mekuratidzira kwakawanda kwakabudirira paMobile World Congress uye Bosch Yakabatana Nyika muna 2019, zvakasarudzwa kuyedza kurojesa scooter nevashandisi chaivo, vashandi veDeutsche Telekom. Saka takatanga kugadzira MVP yakazara.
Blockchain pamadondoro
Handioni zvakakodzera kuti nditsanangure musiyano weprojekti icharatidzwa pachikuva neichashandiswa nevanhu chaivo. Mumwedzi mitanhatu taifanira kushandura mufananidzo wakashata kuti uve wakakodzera kumutyairi wendege. Uye zvino takanzwisisa kuti "marwadzo" zvinorevei.
Kuti tiite kuti sisitimu yedu igadzirwe uye yakavhurika, takasarudza kushandisa Ethereum smart zvibvumirano. Sarudzo yakawira papuratifomu iyi yemahara online masevhisi nekuda kwekuzivikanwa kwayo uye kugona kuvaka serverless application. Takaronga kuita chirongwa chedu nenzira inotevera.
Asi, zvinosuruvarisa, kontrakiti yakangwara ikodhi inoitwa nemuchina chaiwo panguva yekutengeserana, uye haigone kutsiva sevha yakazara-yakazara. Semuenzaniso, kondirakiti yakangwara haigone kuita zvakamirira kana zvakarongwa. Muchirongwa chedu, izvi hazvina kutibvumira kuita sevhisi yekurojesa kweminiti yega yega, sezvinoita mabasa mazhinji emazuva ano ekugovera mota. Naizvozvo, isu takabvisa cryptocurrency kubva kumushandisi mushure mekupedza kutengeserana tisina chokwadi chekuti aive nemari yakakwana. Iyi nzira inogamuchirwa chete kune mutyairi wemukati uye, hongu, inowedzera matambudziko pakugadzira chirongwa chakazara chekugadzira.
Kunowedzerwa kune zvese zviri pamusoro ndiko kunyorova kwepuratifomu pachayo. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe ukanyora kondirakiti yakangwara ine logic yakasiyana neERC-20 tokens, iwe uchasangana nekukanganisa kubata matambudziko. Kazhinji, kana iyo yekupinda isiriyo kana nzira dzedu dzisingashande nemazvo, tinogashira kodhi yekukanganisa mukupindura. Munyaya yeEthereum, hatigoni kuwana chimwe chinhu kunze kwehuwandu hwegesi inoshandiswa kuita basa iri. Gasi imari inofanirwa kubhadharwa pakutengesa uye kuverenga: iyo yakawanda mashandiro mukodhi yako, iwe unobhadhara zvakanyanya. Saka kuti unzwisise kuti sei kodhi isingashande, iwe unotanga waiedza nekutevedzera zvese zvinogoneka zvikanganiso uye hardcode gasi rinoshandiswa sekodhi yekukanganisa. Asi kana iwe ukachinja kodhi yako, iyi kukanganisa kubata kunoputsika.
Uye zvakare, zvinenge zvisingaite kugadzira nharembozha inoshanda neiyo blockchain nokutendeseka, pasina kushandisa kiyi yakachengetwa pane imwe nzvimbo mugore. Kunyangwe mawallet akatendeseka aripo, haapi mainterface ekusaina kutengeserana kwekunze. Izvi zvinoreva kuti hauzooni chikumbiro chekuzvarwa kunze kwekunge chine yakavakirwa-mukati crypto wallet, iyo vashandisi vachange vasina kuvimba nayo (ini handingavimbe nayo). Nekuda kweizvozvo, taifanirawo kutema kona pano. Zvibvumirano zveSmart zvakaendeswa kune yega yega Ethereum network, uye chikwama chacho chaiva nemakore-based. Asi zvisinei neizvi, vashandisi vedu vakawana "mafaro" ese ezvesevhisi masevhisi nenzira yekumirira kwenguva refu kutengeserana kakawanda pachikamu chekurenda.
Zvose izvi zvinotitungamirira kune iyi dhizaini. Bvumiranai, zvakasiyana chaizvo nezvatakaronga.
Ace mugomba: Kuzvitonga Kuzivikanwa
Iwe haugone kuvaka a decentralized system yakakwana pasina decentralized identity. Self-Changamire Identity (SSI) ine basa rechikamu ichi, chakanyanya ndechekuti iwe unokanda kunze iyo centralized identity provider (IDP) uye kugovera data rese nebasa rayo kuvanhu. Iye zvino mushandisi anosarudza kuti ndeapi data raanoda uye waanozogovera. Ruzivo rwese urwu rwuri pamudziyo wemushandisi. Asi pakutsinhana isu tichada decentralized system yekuchengetedza cryptographic humbowo. Kwese kwemazuva ano kuita kweSSI pfungwa inoshandisa blockchain sekuchengetedza.
"Izvi zvinei nechekuita neace iri mugomba?" - iwe unobvunza. Takatanga sevhisi yekuedzwa kwemukati kune vashandi vedu pachedu muBerlin neBonn, uye takasangana nematambudziko muchimiro chemubatanidzwa weGerman. MuGermany, makambani anorambidzwa kuongorora mafambiro evashandi, uye masangano evashandi anodzora izvi. Zvirambidzo izvi zvinomisa kuchengetwa kwepakati kwe data yevashandisi, nekuti mune iyi nyaya taizoziva nzvimbo yevashandi. Panguva imwecheteyo, isu hatina kukwanisa kuita kunze kwekuvatarisa nekuda kwemukana wekuti scooters abiwa. Asi nekuda kweKuzvitonga Kuzvizivisa, vashandisi vedu vakashandisa sisitimu vasingazivikanwe, uye scooter pachayo yakaongorora rezinesi ravo rekutyaira isati yatanga kuroja. Nekuda kweizvozvo, takachengeta zvisingazivikanwe mushandisi metrics; isu takanga tisina chero magwaro kana data remunhu: zvese zvaive zviri pamidziyo yevatyairi ivo pachavo. Saka, nekuda kweSSI, mhinduro yedambudziko mupurojekiti yedu yakagadzirira kunyange isati yaonekwa.
Chigadzirwa chacho chakandipa matambudziko
Isu hatina kushandisa Kuzvitonga Kuzvizivisa isu pachedu, sezvo zvinoda hunyanzvi mucryptography uye nguva yakawanda. Pane kudaro, takatora mukana wevatinoshanda navo chigadzirwa cheJolocom uye takabatanidza chikwama chavo chenhare nemasevhisi mupuratifomu yedu. Nehurombo, chigadzirwa ichi chine chimwe chakakosha chinokanganisa: mutauro mukuru wekusimudzira iNode.js.
Iyi tekinoroji stack inodzikamisa zvakanyanya sarudzo yedu yehardware yakavakirwa muscooter. Neraki, pakutanga kweprojekiti, isu takasarudza iyo Raspberry Pi Zero, uye isu takatora mukana wese zvakanakira iyo yakazara-yakazara microcomputer. Izvi zvakatibvumira kuti timhanye Node.js yakawanda pane scooter. Pamusoro pezvo, takagamuchira kutarisa uye kuwana kure kuburikidza neVPN tichishandisa maturusi akagadzirira.
Mukupedzisa
Pasinei ne "marwadzo" ose nematambudziko, chirongwa chakatangwa. Hazvisi zvese zvakashanda sezvatakaronga, asi zvaigoneka chaizvo kuchovha mascooters nekuahaya.
Hongu, takaita zvikanganiso zvakawanda pakugadzira zvivakwa izvo zvaititendera kuita kuti sevhisi igadzirwe zvizere, asi kunyangwe pasina zvikanganiso izvi tingadai tisina kukwanisa kugadzira chikuva chisina server. Chinhu chimwe chekunyora imwe crypto-pyramid, uye imwezve kunyora basa rakazara raunoda kubata zvikanganiso, kugadzirisa nyaya dzemuganhu uye kuita mabasa akamirira. Ngativimbei kuti mapuratifomu matsva akabuda munguva pfupi yapfuura achave anochinjika uye anoshanda.
Source: www.habr.com