Sechikamu chechinyorwa chino, ndinoda kutaura nezve maficha eAll Flash AccelStor arrays neimwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa virtualization mapuratifomu - VMware vSphere. Kunyanya, tarisa pane iwo ma paramita anozokubatsira iwe kuwana yakanyanya mhedzisiro kubva pakushandisa chishandiso chine simba seAll Flash.
AccelStor NeoSapphire™ Yese Flash Arrays ndeye kana node madivayiri akavakirwa paSSD madhiraivha ane yakasarudzika nzira yekumisikidza iyo pfungwa yekuchengetedza data uye kuronga kuwana kwairi uchishandisa proprietary tekinoroji. panzvimbo peiyo yakakurumbira RAID algorithms. Arrays inopa kuvharika kwekupinda kune mauto kuburikidza neFiber Channel kana iSCSI nzvimbo dzekusangana. Mukurongeka, tinocherekedza kuti modhi ine iSCSI interface zvakare ine faira yekuwana sebhonasi yakanaka. Asi mukati mechimiro chechinyorwa ichi, isu tichatarisa pakushandiswa kweblock protocol seyakanyanya kugadzira kune Yese Flash.
Iyo yese maitiro ekutumira uye inotevera kumisikidzwa kweAccelStor array uye VMware vSphere virtualization system inogona kukamurwa kuita akati wandei:
- Kuitwa kweiyo yekubatanidza topology uye kumisikidzwa kweSAN network;
- Kugadzira All Flash array;
- Kugadzira mauto eESXi;
- Kugadzira virtual machines.
Sample hardware yaive AccelStor NeoSapphire™ Fiber Channel uye iSCSI arrays. Iyo yekutanga software ndeye VMware vSphere 6.7U1.
Usati watumira masisitimu anotsanangurwa muchinyorwa, zvinokurudzirwa zvakanyanya kuti uverenge zvinyorwa kubva kuVMware zvine chekuita nenyaya dzekuita ( ) uye iSCSI marongero ()
Topology yekubatanidza uye kumisikidzwa kweSAN network
Izvo zvakakosha zveSAN network maHBA ari muESXi mauto, SAN switch, uye array node. Yakajairika topology yetiweki yakadai yaizotaridzika seizvi:
Izwi rekuti Shandura apa rinoreva zvese zvakapatsanurwa muviri switch kana seti yekuchinja (Fabric), uye mudziyo wakagovaniswa pakati pemasevhisi akasiyana (VSAN mune yeFiber Channel uye VLAN mune iSCSI). Kushandisa maviri akazvimirira switch / Machira kunobvisa inokwanisika poindi yekutadza.
Kubatana kwakananga kwevatambi kune array, kunyangwe ichitsigirwa, inoodzwa mwoyo zvakanyanya. Kuita kweAll Flash arrays kwakakwira zvakanyanya. Uye nekumhanya kwakanyanya, iwe unofanirwa kushandisa ese madoko eiyo array. Naizvozvo, kuvepo kweinenge switch imwe pakati pevatambi neNeoSapphire™ inosungirwa.
Kuve nemadoko maviri paHBA host zvakare chinhu chinodiwa pakuita kwakanyanya uye kukanganisa kushivirira.
Panyaya yekushandisa iyo Fiber Channel interface, zoning inofanirwa kugadzirwa kuti ibvise kudhumhana kunobvira pakati pevatangi uye zvinangwa. Mazoni akavakirwa pamusimboti we "imwe chiteshi chemutangi - imwe kana akawanda madoko eiyo array."
Kana iwe ukashandisa iSCSI yekubatanidza kana uchishandisa switch yakagovaniswa nemamwe masevhisi, saka zvakakosha kupatsanura iSCSI traffic mukati meVLAN yakaparadzana. Inokurudzirwawo zvakanyanya kugonesa kutsigirwa kweJumbo Frames (MTU = 9000) kuwedzera saizi yemapakiti mune network uye, nekudaro, kuderedza huwandu hwepamusoro panguva yekufambisa. Nekudaro, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kuitira kushanda kwakaringana, unofanirwa kushandura iyo MTU parameter pane ese mambure etiweki pamwe neketani ye "initiator-switch-target".
Kugadzirisa Yese Flash Array
Iyo array inounzwa kune vatengi vane mapoka akatoumbwa . Naizvozvo, hapana chikonzero chekuita chero zviito kubatanidza madhiraivha mune imwechete chimiro. Zvakakwana kugadzira mavhoriyamu ehukuru hunodiwa uye muhuwandu hunodiwa.
Kuti zvive nyore, kune kushanda kwekugadzira batch yemavhoriyamu akati wandei evhoriyamu yakapihwa kamwechete. Nekutadza, "matete" mavhoriyamu anogadzirwa, sezvo izvi zvichibvumira kushandiswa zvine musoro kwenzvimbo yekuchengetera iripo (kusanganisira kutenda nerutsigiro rweSpace Reclamation). Panyaya yekuita, mutsauko pakati pe "mutete" uye "akakora" mavhoriyamu haupfuure 1%. Zvisinei, kana iwe uchida "kusvina muto wose" kubva pane zvakarongwa, unogona kugara uchishandura chero "dete" vhoriyamu kune "gobvu" vhoriyamu. Asi zvinofanira kuyeukwa kuti kuvhiyiwa kwakadaro hakugadzirisiki.
Zvadaro zvinosara "kushambadza" mavhoriyamu akagadzirwa uye kuseta kodzero dzekuwana kwavari kubva kune vanogamuchira vachishandisa ACLs (IP kero yeSCSI uye WWPN yeFC) uye kupatsanurwa kwemuviri nearray ports. Kune iSCSI modhi, izvi zvinoitwa nekugadzira Target.
Kune maFC modhi, kutsikisa kunoitika nekugadzira LUN kune yega yega chiteshi.
Kuti ikurumidze kugadzirisa maitiro, vanogamuchira vanogona kusanganiswa kuita mapoka. Uyezve, kana multiport FC HBA ichishandiswa pamugamuchiri (zvinowanzoitika pakuita), ipapo sisitimu inongoona kuti zviteshi zveHBA yakadai ndezvemugamuchiri mumwechete nekuda kweWWPNs dzinosiyana neimwe. Zvakare kugadzirwa kwebatch yeTarget/LUN inotsigirwa kune ese mainterfaces.
Chinhu chakakosha muchiitiko chekushandisa iSCSI interface ndeyekugadzira akati wandei mavhoriyamu kamwechete kuti uwedzere kuita, sezvo mutsara uri pachinangwa haugone kuchinjwa, uye unozove bhodhoro.
Kugadzira mauto eESXi
Kubva kudivi re ESXi mauto, iyo yekutanga gadziriso inoitwa zvinoenderana neinotarirwa mamiriro. Maitiro ekubatanidza iSCSI:
- Wedzera Software iSCSI Adapter (isingadiwi kana yatowedzerwa, kana kushandisa Hardware iSCSI Adapter);
- Kugadzira vSwitch kuburikidza iyo iSCSI traffic ichapfuura, uye nekuwedzera yemuviri uplink uye VMkernal kwairi;
- Kuwedzera array kero kuDynamic Discovery;
- Kugadzira Datastore
Zvimwe zvakakosha zvinyorwa:
- Muchiitiko chakawanda, hongu, unogona kushandisa vSwitch iripo, asi kana iri imwe vSwitch yakaparadzana, kutonga zvigadziriso zvevaenzi zvichave nyore.
- Izvo zvinodikanwa kupatsanura Management traffic uye iSCSI pane akasiyana emuviri zvinongedzo uye/kana maVLAN kudzivirira nyaya dzekuita.
- Iyo IP kero yeVMkernal uye inoenderana Yese Flash array ports inofanirwa kunge iri mukati meiyo subnet, zvakare nekuda kwekuita nyaya.
- Kuve nechokwadi chekushivirira kukanganisa maererano nemitemo yeVMware, vSwitch inofanirwa kunge iine maviri emuviri uplinks
- Kana maJumbo Frames akashandiswa, unofanirwa kushandura iyo MTU kune ese vSwitch uye VMkernal
- Izvo hazvingave zvakapusa kuyeuka kuti zvinoenderana neVMware kurudziro yemaadapter emuviri anozoshandiswa kushanda neSCSI traffic, zvakakosha kugadzirisa Teaming uye Failover. Kunyanya, VMkernal yega yega inofanirwa kushanda chete kuburikidza neuplink imwe chete, yechipiri uplink inofanira kuiswa kune isina kushandiswa modhi. Nekutadza kushivirira, iwe unofanirwa kuwedzera maviri VMkernals, imwe neimwe ichashanda kuburikidza neyayo uplink.
VMkernel Adapter (vmk#)
Physical Network Adapter (vmnic#)
vmk1 (Kuchengeta01)
Active Adapters
vmnic2
MaAdhapter Asina Kushandiswa
vmnic3
vmk2 (Kuchengeta02)
Active Adapters
vmnic3
MaAdhapter Asina Kushandiswa
vmnic2
Fiber Channel yekubatanidza haidi chero matanho ekutanga. Iwe unogona pakarepo kugadzira Datastore.
Mushure mekugadzira iyo Datastore, unofanirwa kuve neshuwa kuti iyo Round Robin mutemo wenzira dzinoenda kuTarget / LUN inoshandiswa seyo inonyanya kuita.
Nekutadza, VMware inogadzirisa iyi mutemo kushandisa chirongwa: 1000 zvikumbiro kuburikidza nenzira yekutanga, inotevera 1000 zvikumbiro kuburikidza neyechipiri nzira, zvichingodaro. Kudyidzana uku kwemugamuchiri ane maviri-controller array kungave kusina kuenzana. Naizvozvo, isu tinokurudzira kuseta iyo Round Robin mutemo = 1 kuburikidza neEsxcli/PowerCLI.
parameters
Pamusoro peEsxcli:
- Rondedzera maLUN aripo
esxcli kuchengetedza nmp mudziyo runyorwa
- Kopira Zita reChishandiso
- Rongedza Round Robin Policy
esxcli kuchengetedza nmp psp roundrobin deviceconfig set --type = iops --iops = 1 --device = "Chishandiso_ID"
Mazhinji emazuva ano maapplication akagadzirirwa kuchinjanisa mahombe data pakiti kuitira kuti awedzere kushandiswa kwebandwidth uye kuderedza CPU mutoro. Naizvozvo, ESXi nekusarudzika inopfuudza I/O zvikumbiro kune yekuchengetera mudziyo mumachunks kusvika ku32767KB. Zvisinei, nokuda kwehuwandu hwezviitiko, kuchinjana kwezvikamu zviduku zvichave zvakanyanya kubudirira. YeAccelStor arrays, aya mamiriro ndeaya:
- VM inoshandisa UEFI pachinzvimbo cheLegacy BIOS
- Inoshandiswa ne vSphere Replication
Pamamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, zvinokurudzirwa kuchinja kukosha kweDisk.DiskMaxIOSize parameter ku4096.
Nezve iSCSI yekubatanidza, zvinokurudzirwa kushandura iyo Login Timeout parameter kusvika makumi matatu (default 30) kuti uvandudze kugadzikana kwekubatanidza uye kudzima iyo DelayedAck yekubvuma packet kunonoka. Sarudzo dzese dziri muvSphere Mutengi: Mutengi → Gadzirisa → Chengetedza → Chengetedza Adapter → Yepamberi Sarudzo dzeiyo iSCSI adapta.
Chinhu chakavanzika chiverengero chehuwandu hwemavhoriyamu anoshandiswa kuchitoro chedata. Zviri pachena kuti kuitira nyore kwehutungamiri, pane chido chekugadzira imwe huru yevhoriyamu yehuwandu hwehuwandu. Nekudaro, kuvepo kwemavhoriyamu akati wandei uye, zvinoenderana, dhatatori rine mhedzisiro inobatsira pakuita kwese (zvimwe pamitsetse zvishoma gare gare mune zvinyorwa). Naizvozvo, tinokurudzira kugadzira angangoita mavhoriyamu maviri.
Munguva pfupi yapfuura, VMware yakaraira kudzikisira huwandu hwemachina chaiwo pane imwe dhatatori, zvakare kuitira kuti uwane yakanyanya kunaka kuita. Nekudaro, ikozvino, kunyanya nekupararira kweVDI, dambudziko iri harisisiri rakanyanya. Asi izvi hazvichinje mutemo wekare - kugovera chaiwo michina inoda yakadzika IO pane akasiyana dhatatori. Kuti uone huwandu hwakakwana hwemakina chaiwo pavhoriyamu, hapana chinhu chiri nani pane kuita mukati mezvivakwa zvavo.
Kugadzira virtual machines
Pakumisikidza mashini chaiwo, hapana akakosha anodiwa, kana kuti, iwo akajairika:
- Uchishandisa iyo yepamusoro inogoneka VM vhezheni (kuenderana)
- Izvo zvakanyatsorongeka kuseta saizi ye RAM kana mashini chaiwo akaiswa dense, semuenzaniso, muVDI (nekuti nekukasira, pakutanga, faira repaging rinogadzirwa rinoenderana ne RAM muhukuru, iyo inoshandisa simba rinoshandiswa uye inokanganisa yekupedzisira. performance)
- Shandisa anonyanya kugadzirwa shanduro dzeadapter maererano neIO: network mhando VMXNET 3 uye SCSI mhando PVSCSI
- Shandisa iyo Thick Provision Eager Zeroed disk mhando yekushanda kwakanyanya uye Thin Provisioning yekushandiswa kwakanyanya kwenzvimbo yekuchengetedza.
- Kana zvichibvira, dzikamisa kushanda kweasiri-I/O-yakakosha michina uchishandisa Virtual Disk Limit
- Iva nechokwadi chekuisa VMware Zvishandiso
Notes paMitsara
Mutsara (kana Outstanding I/Os) inhamba yezvikumbiro zveI/O (SCSI mirairo) zvakamirira kugadziridzwa chero nguva yakapihwa mudziyo/application. Muchiitiko chekufashukira kwemutsara, zvikanganiso zveQFULL zvinogadzirwa, izvo zvinozoshandura mukuwedzera kweiyo latency parameter. Paunenge uchishandisa dhisiki (spindle) masisitimu ekuchengetera, ne theoretically, iyo yakakwira mutsara, inokwirisa kuita kwavo. Nekudaro, haufanirwe kuishandisa zvisina kunaka, nekuti zviri nyore kumhanya muQFULL. Panyaya yeAll Flash system, kune rumwe rutivi, zvese zviri nyore: mushure mezvose, rondedzero ine kunonoka kuri kuraira kwehukuru hwakaderera, uye nekudaro, kazhinji, hazvifanirwe kugadzirisa zvakasiyana saizi yemitsara. . Asi kune rimwe divi, mune mamwe mamiriro ekushandisa (yakasimba skew muIO zvinodiwa kune chaiwo chaiwo muchina, bvunzo dzekuita kwakanyanya, nezvimwewo), kana iwe ukasachinja mutsara paramita, saka zvirinani nzwisisa izvo zviratidzo zvinogona kuwanikwa, uye , chinhu chikuru chiri munzira dzipi.
Iko hakuna vhoriyamu kana I / O chiteshi muganho paAccelStor Yese Flash array pachayo. Kana zvichidikanwa, kunyange vhoriyamu imwe chete inogona kugamuchira zvese zviwanikwa zveiyo array. Iyo chete mitsetse yekumisikidza ndeye iSCSI zvinangwa. Nechikonzero ichi izvo zviri pamusoro zvakaratidza kukosha kwekugadzira akati wandei (kusvika ku8) zvibodzwa pavhoriyamu kuti ukunde muganhu uyu. Isu tinodzokorora zvakare kuti maAccelStor arrays akanyanya kuita mhinduro. Naizvozvo, iwe unofanirwa kushandisa ese interface ports ye system kuti uwane yakanyanya kumhanya.
Kubva kudivi re ESXi, mamiriro acho akasiyana zvachose. Muiti wacho pachake anoshandisa tsika yekuenzana kuwana zviwanikwa kune vese vatori vechikamu. Naizvozvo, kune akaparadzana IO mitsara kumuenzi OS uye HBA. Mitsetse kune muenzi OS inosanganiswa kubva mumitsetse kuenda kune chaiyo SCSI adapta uye chaiyo dhisiki:
Mutsara weHBA unoenderana nemhando chaiyo / mutengesi:
Iko kuita kwese kwemuchina chaiwo kuchatemwa neiyo yakaderera Queue Kudzika muganhu pakati pezvinhu zvinogamuchira.
Kutenda kune izvi zvakakosha, tinogona kuongorora zviratidzo zvekushanda zvatingawana mune imwe gadziriro. Semuenzaniso, isu tinoda kuziva mashandiro edzidziso yemuchina chaiwo (pasina kunongedzera kubhuroko) ine latency ye0.5ms. Ipapo IOPS yayo = (1,000/latency) * Yakasarudzika I/Os (Mutsetse Wekudzika Muganho)
mienzaniso
muenzaniso 1
- FC Emulex HBA Adapter
- VM imwe pachitoro che data
- VMware Paravirtual SCSI Adapter
Pano Muganho Wekudzika Kwemutsara unotsanangurwa neEmulex HBA. Saka IOPS = (1000/0.5)*32 = 64K
muenzaniso 2
- VMware iSCSI Software Adapter
- VM imwe pachitoro che data
- VMware Paravirtual SCSI Adapter
Pano iyo Queue Depth muganho yatotsanangurwa neParavirtual SCSI Adapter. Saka IOPS = (1000/0.5)*64 = 128K
Mhando dzepamusoro dzeAccelStor Yese Flash arrays (semuenzaniso, ) vanokwanisa kuendesa 700K IOPS pakunyora pa4K block. Neiyi saizi yebhuroka, zviri pachena kuti mushini mumwe chete haugone kurodha rakadaro. Kuti uite izvi, unoda 11 (somuenzaniso 1) kana 6 (somuenzaniso 2) michina chaiyo.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, nekugadzirisa kwakaringana kwese kwakatsanangurwa zvikamu zveiyo virtual data center, unogona kuwana zvinokatyamadza mhedzisiro maererano nekuita.
4K Random, 70% Read/30% Nyora
Muchokwadi, nyika chaiyo yakanyanya kuoma kutsanangura neformula iri nyore. Kune nguva dzose akawanda chaiwo machina pane imwechete saiti ine akasiyana masisitimu uye IO zvinodiwa. Hongu, uye ini / O kugadzirisa inobatwa neiyo host processor, iro simba rayo risingaperi. Saka, kuitira kuti uzarure mikana yakazara yezvakafanana muchokwadi, iwe uchada kubva kune matatu mauto. Uyezve, zvikumbiro zvinomhanya mukati memichina chaiyo vanozvigadzirisa. Naizvozvo, kuti ive chaiyo saizi, isu tinokurudzira Yese Flash Arrays mukati mezvigadzirwa zvemutengi pamabasa chaiwo azvino.
Source: www.habr.com