Ichi chinyorwa chichafananidza maturusi ekuchengetedza, asi chekutanga iwe unofanirwa kuona kuti nekukurumidza uye nemazvo zvavanoita nekudzoreredza data kubva kune backups.
Kuti zvive nyore kuenzanisa, isu tichafunga kudzoreredza kubva kune yakazara backup, kunyanya sezvo vese vavhoti vachitsigira iyi maitiro ekushanda. Kuti zvive nyore, nhamba dzatove neavhareji (iyo arithmetic zvinoreva kuti akati wandei). Mhedzisiro yacho ichapfupikiswa mutafura, iyo zvakare ine ruzivo nezve kugona: kuvapo kwewebhu interface, nyore kuseta uye kushanda, kugona kuita otomatiki, kuvapo kweakasiyana mamwe maficha (semuenzaniso, kutarisa kutendeseka kwedata) , nezvimwewo. Iwo magirafu acharatidza mutoro pane sevha uko data richashandiswa (kwete sevha yekuchengeta makopi ekuchengetedza).
Data kupora
rsync uye tar ichashandiswa senge rengedzo kubva ipapo zvinyorwa zviri nyore zvekugadzira makopi ekuchengetedza.
rsync kutarisana nedata rebvunzo rakaiswa mumaminetsi mana nemasekonzi makumi maviri nemasere, zvichiratidza
mutoro wakadaro
Maitiro ekudzoreredza akarova muganho weiyo disk subsystem yeiyo backup yekuchengetedza server (sawtooth magirafu). Iwe unogona zvakare kuona zvakajeka kurodha kweimwe kernel pasina matambudziko (yakaderera iowait uye softirq - hapana matambudziko nedhisiki uye network, zvichiteerana). Sezvo mamwe mapurogiramu maviri, anoti rdiff-backup uye rsnapshot, akavakirwa parsync uye zvakare achipa rsync yenguva dzose sechishandiso chekudzoreredza, ivo vanozove neyakafanana dhizaini mbiri uye backup yekudzoreredza nguva.
Tar ndakazviita nekukurumidza zvishoma
2 maminitsi uye 43 masekondi:
Iyo yakazara system mutoro wakakwira paavhareji ne20% nekuda kwekuwedzera softirq - iyo yepamusoro mutengo panguva yekushanda kweiyo network subsystem yakawedzera.
Kana iyo archive ikawedzera kuomeswa, nguva yekudzorera inowedzera kusvika kumaminitsi matatu 3 seconds.
nemutoro wakadaro pane main server (kusunungura padivi peiyo main server):
Iyo decompression process inotora ese ari maviri processor cores nekuti kune maviri maitiro ari kushanda. Kazhinji, ichi ndicho chigumisiro chinotarisirwa. Zvakare, mhedzisiro inofananidzwa (3 maminetsi uye 20 masekonzi) yakawanikwa painenge ichimhanya gzip padivi reserver nema backups; iyo nhoroondo yekuremerwa pane huru server yaive yakafanana nekumhanyisa tar isina gzip compressor (ona yapfuura girafu).
Π rdiff-backup unogona kuwiriranisa backup yekupedzisira yawakaita uchishandisa rsync yenguva dzose (mhedzisiro ichave yakafanana), asi ma backups ekare achiri kuda kudzoserwa uchishandisa rdiff-backup program, iyo yakapedza kudzoreredza mumaminitsi gumi nematanhatu nemasekonzi gumi nematanhatu, ichiratidza.
mutoro uyu:
Zvichida izvi zvakagadzirirwa, zvishoma kuderedza kukurumidza kwevanyori . Maitiro ekudzoreredza backup kopi pachayo inotora isingasviki hafu yeimwe musimboti, ine proportionally kufananidzwa kuita (kureva 2-5 nguva zvishoma nezvishoma) pamusoro dhisiki uye network ine rsync.
Rsnapshot Kuti udzore, inokurudzira kushandisa nguva dzose rsync, saka mhedzisiro yayo ichafanana. Kazhinji, izvi ndizvo zvakaitika.
Burp Ndakapedza basa rekudzoreredza backup mu7 maminetsi nemasekonzi maviri ne
nemutoro uyu:
Yakashanda nekukasira, uye zvirinani zviri nyore pane yakachena rsync: haufanire kurangarira chero mireza, iri nyore uye intuitive cli interface, yakavakirwa-mukati tsigiro yemakopi akawanda - kunyangwe ichinonoka kaviri. Kana iwe uchida kudzoreredza data kubva kune yekupedzisira backup yawakaita, unogona kushandisa rsync, nemapako mashoma.
Iyo purogiramu yakaratidza kunenge kumhanya kwakafanana uye mutoro BackupPC paunenge uchigonesa rsync yekufambisa modhi, kuendesa iyo backup ye
7 maminetsi uye 42 masekondi:
Asi mumodhi yekufambisa data, BackupPC yakatarisana netara zvishoma nezvishoma: mumaminetsi gumi nemaviri nemasekonzi gumi nemashanu, mutoro wepurosesa waiwanzodzikira.
nguva imwe nehafu.
duplicity pasina encryption yakaratidza zvishoma zvirinani mhedzisiro, kudzoreredza backup mumaminitsi gumi uye 10 masekondi. Kana iwe ukamisa encryption uchishandisa gpg, nguva yekudzorera inowedzera kusvika kumaminitsi gumi nemashanu nemasekonzi matatu. Zvakare, kana uchigadzira repository yekuchengeta makopi, unogona kutsanangura saizi yekuchengetera iyo ichashandiswa pakutsemura iyo inouya data rwizi. Kazhinji, pane zvakajairwa zvakaoma dhiraivha, zvakare nekuda kweiyo imwe-tambo yekushanda modhi, hapana misiyano yakawanda. Inogona kuoneka pahukuru hwakasiyana-siyana kana hybrid storage inoshandiswa. Kuremerwa pane main server panguva yekupora kwaive sekutevera:
hapana encryption
pamwe encryption
Dzokorora yakaratidza kuenzaniswa kwekupora, kuipedza mumaminitsi gumi nematatu uye 13 seconds. Zvakatora anenge mamwe maminetsi mashanu kutarisa kurongeka kweiyo data yakadzoserwa (iyo inokwana maminetsi gumi nemapfumbamwe). Mutoro waivepo
zvakakwirira chaizvo:
Apo aes encryption yakagoneswa mukati, nguva yekudzorera yaiva 21 maminitsi 40 seconds, neCPU kushandiswa pakukwirira kwayo (zvose zviri zviviri!) Pakutarisa data, tambo imwe chete yaive inoshanda, ichitora imwe processor core. Kuongorora iyo data mushure mekupora kwakatora iwo maminetsi mashanu (anenge 5 maminetsi akazara).
mugumisiro
duplicati yakakurumidza kukurumidza nekupora kana uchishandisa yekunze gpg chirongwa chekunyorera, asi kazhinji misiyano kubva kune yapfuura modhi ishoma. Nguva yekushanda yaive 16 maminetsi 30 masekonzi, ine data verification mumaminetsi matanhatu. Mutoro waivepo
so:
AMANDA, achishandisa tar, akaipedza mumaminitsi maviri 2 seconds, iyo, mumutemo, iri pedyo zvikuru netara yenguva dzose. Rodha pahurongwa musimboti
zvimwe chete:
Pakudzoreredza backup uchishandisa zbackup zvinotevera zvakawanikwa:
encryption, lzma compression
Kumhanya nguva 11 maminitsi uye 8 masekondi
AES encryption, lzma compression
Nguva yekushanda maminitsi gumi nemana
AES encryption, lzo compression
Kumhanya nguva 6 maminitsi, 19 masekondi
Pakazara, kwete zvakaipa. Izvo zvese zvinoenderana nekumhanya kwe processor pane sevha yekuchengetedza, iyo inogona kuoneka zvakajeka kubva panguva yekumhanya yepurogiramu ine akasiyana compressors. Padivi rekuchengetedza server, tara yakajairwa yakatangwa, saka kana ukaienzanisa nayo, kudzoreredza kunononoka katatu. Zvingave zvakakodzera kutarisa kushanda mune akawanda-akarukwa modhi, aine anopfuura maviri shinda.
BorgBackup mune isina encrypted mode yaive yati fambei zvishoma pane tara, mumaminetsi maviri 2 masekonzi, zvisinei, kusiyana netara, zvakave zvichiita kudhindisa repository. Kuremerwa kwakabva kwaita
zvinotevera:
Kana iwe ukagonesa blake-based encryption, iyo backup yekudzosa kumhanya inononoka zvishoma. Nguva yekudzorera mune iyi modhi ndeye 3 maminetsi 19 masekonzi, uye mutoro waenda
sezvizvi:
AES encryption inononoka zvishoma, nguva yekudzorera i3 maminetsi 23 seconds, mutoro unonyanya
haina kuchinja:
Sezvo Borg inogona kushanda mu-multi-threaded mode, iyo processor load yakakura, uye kana mamwe mabasa akaitwa, nguva yekushanda inongowedzera. Sezviri pachena, zvakakodzera kuongorora multithreading nenzira yakafanana kune zbackup.
Restic kutsungirira kupora zvishoma nezvishoma, nguva yekushanda yaive 4 maminetsi 28 seconds. Mutoro wacho wakaita senge
saka:
Sezviri pachena maitiro ekudzoreredza anoshanda mune akati wandei tambo, asi kushanda kwayo hakuna kukwirira seBorgBackup, asi inofananidzwa nenguva kune yakajairwa rsync.
Nekubatsirwa kwe urBackup Zvaigoneka kudzorera iyo data mu8 maminetsi uye 19 masekondi, mutoro waive
so:
Mutoro wacho hausati wanyanya kukwira, kunyange kuderera kupfuura wetara. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo kune kuputika, asi kwete kupfuura mutoro weimwe core.
Kusarudzwa uye kururamiswa kwemaitiro ekuenzanisa
Sezvakataurwa mune chimwe chezvinyorwa zvakapfuura, iyo backup system inofanirwa kuzadzisa zvinotevera maitiro:
- Kusununguka kwekushandisa
- Kusiyanisa
- Kugadzikana
- Kumhanya
Zvakakodzera kufunga pfungwa imwe neimwe zvakasiyana zvakadzama.
Kureruka kwekushanda
Zvakanakisa kana paine bhatani rimwechete "Ita zvese nemazvo," asi kana ukadzokera kumapurogiramu chaiwo, chinhu chakanyanya kunaka chichava chinozivikanwa uye chakajairwa chekushandisa.
Vazhinji vashandisi vangangove vari nani kana vasingazoyeuke boka remakiyi ecli, gadzira boka reakasiyana, anowanzo kuvharika sarudzo kuburikidza newebhu kana tui, kana kuseta zviziviso nezvekusabudirira kushanda. Izvi zvinosanganisirawo kugona "kukwana" nyore mhinduro yekuchengetedza mune iripo zvivakwa, pamwe neautomation yegadziriro yekuchengetedza. Kune zvakare mukana wekumisikidza uchishandisa package maneja, kana mune imwechete kana maviri mirairo senge "dhawunirodha uye unpack". curl ΡΡΡΠ»ΠΊΠ° | sudo bash - nzira yakaoma, sezvo iwe unofanirwa kutarisa izvo zvinosvika kuburikidza neiyi link.
Semuyenzaniso, pavavhoti vanotariswa, mhinduro iri nyore ndeye burp, rdiff-backup uye restic, ine makiyi emnemonic emhando dzakasiyana dzekushanda. Zvishoma zvakaoma zviri borg uye duplicity. Akanyanya kuoma aive AMANDA. Vamwe vose vari pane imwe nzvimbo pakati maererano nekureruka kwekushandisa. Chero zvazvingaitika, kana iwe uchida masekondi anopfuura makumi matatu kuti uverenge bhuku remushandisi, kana iwe unofanirwa kuenda kuGoogle kana imwe injini yekutsvaga, uye zvakare kupururudza kuburikidza nepepa refu rekubatsira, sarudzo yakaoma, neimwe nzira kana imwe.
Vamwe vevavhoti vanotariswa vanokwanisa kutumira meseji otomatiki kuburikidza ne-e-mailjabber, nepo vamwe vachivimba neyakagadzirirwa chenjedzo muhurongwa. Uyezve, kazhinji mhinduro dzakaomarara hadzina kunyatsojeka magadzirirwo echenjedzo. Chero zvazvingaitika, kana iyo backup chirongwa ichiburitsa isiri-zero kodhi yekudzoka, iyo inozonzwisiswa nenzira kwayo nehurongwa hwesevhisi yenguva nenguva (meseji ichatumirwa kune system maneja kana zvakananga kutarisisa) - mamiriro acho ari nyore. Asi kana iyo yekuchengetedza system, iyo isingamhanyi pane sevha yekuchengetedza, haigone kugadziridzwa, nzira iri pachena yekutaura nezve dambudziko ndeyekuti kuoma kwatove kwakanyanya. Chero zvazvingava, kupa yambiro uye mamwe mameseji chete kuwebhu interface kana kulogi itsika yakaipa, nekuti kazhinji vanozoregeredzwa.
Kana iri otomatiki, chirongwa chakareruka chinogona kuverenga nharaunda dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoisa maitiro ayo ekushanda, kana ine yakagadziridzwa cli inokwanisa kutevedzera zvachose maitiro kana uchishanda kuburikidza newebhu interface, semuenzaniso. Izvi zvinosanganisirawo mukana wekuenderera mberi kwekushanda, kuwanikwa kwemikana yekuwedzera, nezvimwe.
Kusiyanisa
Tichidzokorora chikamu chakapfuura nezve otomatiki, haifanire kunge iri dambudziko "kukodzera" maitiro ekuchengetedza muhurongwa huripo.
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti kushandiswa kweasiri-standard ports (zvakanaka, kunze kwewebhu interface) yebasa, kushandiswa kwekunyorera nenzira isiri-standard, kuchinjana kwedata uchishandisa non-standard protocol zviratidzo zveasina. -universal solution. Kune chikamu chikuru, vese vanokwikwidza vanavo neimwe nzira kana imwe nekuda kwechikonzero chiri pachena: kureruka uye kuita zvakasiyana-siyana kazhinji hazviendi pamwechete. Sezvo kunze - burp, kune vamwe.
Sechiratidzo - kugona kushanda uchishandisa yakajairwa ssh.
Kumhanya kwebasa
Iyo inonyanya kukakavara uye inopokana pfungwa. Kune rumwe rutivi, takatanga nzira, yakashanda nokukurumidza sezvinobvira uye haina kupindira nemabasa makuru. Kune rimwe divi, kune kuwedzera kwetraffic uye processor mutoro panguva yekuchengetedza. Zvakakoshawo kuziva kuti mapurogiramu anokurumidza kugadzira makopi anowanzova akashata zvakanyanya maererano nemabasa akakosha kune vashandisi. Zvekare: kana kuti uwane imwe yakashata mameseji faira yemakumi akati wandei emabhaiti muhukuru nepassword, uye nekuda kwayo iyo yese sevhisi inodhura (hongu, hongu, ndinonzwisisa kuti iyo backup maitiro kazhinji haisi mhosva pano), uye iwe unofanirwa kuverenga zvakare sequentially mafaera ese ari mudura kana kuwedzera archive yese - iyo backup system haina kukurumidza. Imwe pfungwa inowanzova chigumbuso ndeyekumhanyisa kwekuendesa backup kubva mudura. Pane mukana wakajeka pano kune avo vanogona kungokopa kana kufambisa mafaera kunzvimbo yaunoda pasina kunyengedza kwakawanda (rsync, semuenzaniso), asi kazhinji dambudziko rinofanirwa kugadziriswa nenzira yesangano, zvine simba: nekuyera iyo backup yekudzoreredza nguva. uye kuzivisa pachena vashandisi nezve izvi.
Kugadzikana
Inofanirwa kunzwisiswa seizvi: kune rimwe divi, zvinofanirwa kunge zvichikwanisika kuendesa iyo backup kopi kumashure nenzira ipi zvayo, kune rumwe rutivi, inofanirwa kupesana nezvinetso zvakasiyana-siyana: kukanganiswa kwetiweki, kutadza kwedhisiki, kudzima chikamu che repository.
Kuenzanisa kwezvishandiso zvekuchengetedza
Kopa nguva yekugadzira
Kopi nguva yekudzorera
Kuisa kuri nyore
Easy setup
Kushandisa kuri nyore
Nyore otomatiki
Unoda sevha yemutengi here?
Kuongorora kutendeseka kweiyo repository
Makopi akasiyana
Kushanda nepombi
Kusiyanisa
Kuzvimirira
Repository transparency
Encryption
Kudzvinyirira
Deduplication
Webhu interface
Kuzadza kugore
Windows rutsigiro
Score
rsync
4m15s
4m28s
hongu
kwete
kwete
kwete
hongu
kwete
kwete
hongu
kwete
hongu
hongu
kwete
kwete
kwete
kwete
kwete
hongu
6
Tar
wakachena
3m12s
2m43s
hongu
kwete
kwete
kwete
kwete
kwete
hongu
hongu
kwete
hongu
kwete
kwete
kwete
kwete
kwete
kwete
hongu
8,5
gzip
9m37s
3m19s
hongu
Rdiff-backup
16m26s
17m17s
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
kwete
hongu
kwete
hongu
kwete
hongu
kwete
hongu
hongu
hongu
kwete
hongu
11
Rsnapshot
4m19s
4m28s
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
kwete
kwete
hongu
kwete
hongu
kwete
hongu
kwete
kwete
hongu
hongu
kwete
hongu
12,5
Burp
11m9s
7m2s
hongu
kwete
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
kwete
hongu
hongu
kwete
kwete
hongu
kwete
hongu
kwete
hongu
10,5
duplicity
hapana encryption
16m48s
10m58s
hongu
hongu
kwete
hongu
kwete
hongu
hongu
kwete
kwete
hongu
kwete
hongu
hongu
kwete
hongu
kwete
hongu
11
gpg
17m27s
15m3s
Dzokorora
hapana encryption
20m28s
13m45s
kwete
hongu
kwete
kwete
kwete
hongu
hongu
kwete
kwete
hongu
kwete
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
11
aes
29m41s
21m40s
gpg
26m19s
16m30s
zbackup
hapana encryption
40m3s
11m8s
hongu
hongu
kwete
kwete
kwete
hongu
hongu
hongu
kwete
hongu
kwete
hongu
hongu
hongu
kwete
kwete
kwete
10
aes
42m0s
14m1s
ayo+lzo
18m9s
6m19s
BorgBackup
hapana encryption
4m7s
2m45s
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
kwete
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
kwete
hongu
16
aes
4m58s
3m23s
blake2
4m39s
3m19s
Restic
5m38s
4m28s
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
kwete
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
kwete
hongu
kwete
hongu
kwete
hongu
hongu
15,5
urBackup
8m21s
8m19s
hongu
hongu
hongu
kwete
hongu
kwete
hongu
kwete
hongu
hongu
kwete
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
kwete
hongu
12
Amanda
9m3s
2m49s
hongu
kwete
kwete
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
kwete
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
kwete
hongu
hongu
hongu
13
BackupPC
rsync
12m22s
7m42s
hongu
kwete
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
hongu
kwete
hongu
kwete
kwete
hongu
hongu
kwete
hongu
kwete
hongu
10,5
tar
12m34s
12m15s
Table legend:
- Green, nguva yekushanda isingasviki maminetsi mashanu, kana pindura "Hongu" (kunze kwekoramu "Unoda sevha yemutengi?"), 1 point
- Yero, nguva yekushanda maminitsi mashanu kusvika gumi, 0.5 mapoinzi
- Tsvuku, nguva yebasa inopfuura maminetsi gumi, kana mhinduro iri "Kwete" (kunze kwekoramu "Unoda sevha yemutengi here?"), 0 mapoinzi
Zvinoenderana netafura iri pamusoro, yakapusa, inokurumidza, uye panguva imwe chete iri nyore uye ine simba yekuchengetedza chishandiso BorgBackup. Restic yakatora nzvimbo yechipiri, vamwe vese vakafungidzirwa vakaiswa zvakaenzana nekupararira kwechinhu chimwe kana maviri pamagumo.
Ndinotenda munhu wese akaverenga nhevedzano kusvika kumagumo, ndinokukoka iwe kuti ukurukure sarudzo uye upe yako, kana iripo. Sezvo hurukuro inofambira mberi, tafura inogona kuwedzerwa.
Mhedzisiro yeiyi nhevedzano ichave chinyorwa chekupedzisira, umo pachave nekuyedza kugadzira yakanaka, inokurumidza uye inogoneka yekuchengetedza chishandiso chinokutendera kuti utumire kopi kumashure munguva pfupi inobvira uye panguva imwe chete kuve nyore uye nyore. kugadzirisa nekuchengetedza.
Chiziviso
Negadziriro yeparutivi Chikamu 6: Kuenzanisa negadziriro yeparutivi Tools
Backup Chikamu 7: Mhedziso
Source: www.habr.com