Zuva rakanaka kune vese! Ndinoda kutsaurira chinyorwa changu chekutanga pamusoro pehabr kune inonakidza musoro wenyaya - iyo RIPE Atlas Internet quality control system. Chimwe chezvandinofarira chine chekuita nekudzidza kweInternet kana cyberspace (izwi riri kukurumidza kufarirwa, kunyanya mune zvesainzi). Pane zvakawanda zvekushandisa paRIPE Atlas paInternet, kusanganisira pa habr, asi zvaiita sezvisina kukwana kwandiri. Kune chikamu chikuru, chinyorwa chakashandisa ruzivo kubva kune yepamutemo webhusaiti nepfungwa dzangu.
Panzvimbo pekutanga
Wedunhu internet registrar (RIR), ane mabasa anofukidza Europe, Central Asia uye Middle East, ndiyo RIPE NCC (RΓ©seaux IP EuropΓ©ens Network Coordination Center). RIPE NCC isangano risingabatsiri rakavakirwa muNetherlands. Inotsigira Indaneti. Inopa IP kero uye yakazvimirira system manhamba kune emuno Internet vanopa uye masangano makuru.
Imwe yemapurojekiti eRIPE NCC emureza ane chinangwa chekutsvagisa mamiriro eInternet ndeye RIPE Atlas (yakatanga mukupera kwa2010), yaive shanduko yeTest Traffic Measurement Service, iyo yakamira kushanda muna 2014.
RIPE Atlas inetiweki yepasi rose yemasensa anoshingairira kuyera mamiriro eInternet. Ikozvino kune zviuru zvema sensors muRIPE Atlas network uye nhamba yavo iri kuramba ichikura. RIPE NCC inounganidza iyo data yakaunganidzwa uye inoita kuti iwanikwe mahara kune vashandisi mune iri nyore fomu.
Kuvandudzwa kwetiweki kunoitika pamusimboti wekuzvidira kuisirwa sensors nevashandisi mune yavo masikirwo, ayo "zvikwereti" zvinopihwa, izvo zvinogona kushandiswa kuita zviyero zvekufarira uchishandisa mamwe ma sensor.
Kazhinji RIPE Atlas inoshandiswa:
- kutarisa kuwanikwa kwetiweki yako kubva kunzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana paInternet;
- kuongorora uye kugadzirisa network yako nekukurumidza, inochinjika yekubatanidza bvunzo;
- mune yekutarisa system yetiweki yako;
- kutarisa kuwanikwa kweiyo DNS zvivakwa;
- IPv6 yekubatanidza cheki.
RIPE Atlas
Sezvandambotaura, RIPE Atlas ihurongwa hwema sensors ari paInternet uye ari pasi pekutonga kumwe chete. Kuwedzera kune akajairwa sensors (Probes), kune mamwe epamberi - anchors (Anchors).
Kubva pakati pa2020, iyo RIPE Atlas system ine zvinodarika zviuru gumi nezviuru zvinobatika masensa uye zvinopfuura mazana matanhatu nemakumi mashanu ezvibatiso zvinobatika, izvo pamwe chete zvinoburitsa zvinopfuura zviuru makumi maviri neshanu zviyero uye zvinogamuchira zvinopfuura zviuru gumi zvemhedzisiro pasekondi.
Iwo magirafu ari pazasi anoratidza kukura kwenhamba ye sensors uye anchors.
Uye nhamba dzinotevera dzinoratidza mepu yeNyika inoratidza nzvimbo yemasensa uye anchors, zvichiteerana.
Kunyangwe mamiriro edunhu eRIPE NCC, iyo RIPE Atlas network inofukidza ingangoita nyika yese, neRussia iri pamusoro 5 maererano nehuwandu hweakaiswa masensa (568), pamwe neGermany (1562), USA (1440), France. (925) uye UK (610).
Kudzora maseva
Pakudzidza kushanda kwe sensor, zvakaonekwa kuti nguva nenguva (maminetsi ega ega e4) inotarisa kutaurirana nezvimwe zvinhu panetiweki, izvo zvinosanganisira midzi yeDNS maseva uye node dzine mazita emazita se "ctr-sin02.atlas.ripe.net" , ndinotenda, ari maseva ekudzora eRIPE Atlas network.
Ini handina kuwana ruzivo nezve maseva ekudzora pawebhusaiti yepamutemo, asi zvinogona kufungidzirwa kuti mabasa avo anosanganisira kutonga masensa, pamwe nekuunganidza uye kugadzirisa data. Kana fungidziro yangu iri yechokwadi, saka pane angangoita matanhatu ekudzora maseva, ayo 6 ari muU.SA, 2 muNetherlands, 2 muGermany, 1 muSingapore. Port 1 yakavhurika pamaseva ese.
Kana paine chero munhu ane rumwe ruzivo nezve maseva ekudzora eRIPE Atlas network, ndapota jekesa nyaya iyi.
Sensor
Iyo RIPE Atlas sensor chinhu chidiki (TP-Link 3020) chinofambiswa ne USB uye chinobatana kune router's Ethernet port uchishandisa network tambo. Zvichienderana nemuenzaniso, sensor inogona kunge iine Atheros AR9331 chipset, 400 MHz, 4 MB flash uye 32 MB RAM kana MediaNek MT7628NN chipset, 575 MHz, 8 MB flash uye 64 MB RAM.
Anchor
Iyo armature ndeye yakagadziridzwa sensor ine yakakura kwazvo kuita uye kuyera kugona. Ichi chishandiso chiri mune yakajairwa 19-inch vhezheni pa APU2C2 kana APU2E2 hardware chikuva chine 4-core 1 GHz processor, 2 GB ye RAM, 3 Gigabit Ethernet ports uye 250 GB SSD drive. .
Kuiswa uye kutonga kwe sensor
Sezvandambotaura, masensa anogovaniswa mahara nechinangwa chekuaisa mune yako masikirwo. Kana uchikumbira sensor, ratidza nyika, guta uye nhamba yeautonomous system iyo ichave iripo. Mukupindura kuchikumbiro changu, RIPE NCC yakatumira meseji inotevera.
Nehurombo, chikumbiro chako hachizadzise maitiro edu ekugamuchira hardware sensor panguva ino. Nepo chinangwa chedu chiri chekugovera RIPE Atlas sensors zvakanyanya sezvinobvira, zvinoita sekunge kwatove nemidziyo yakakwana yakabatana kungave mukati meASN yawakatsanangura, network yawakanyorera, kana nyika yawakaisa application.
Hapana dambudziko. Muchiitiko ichi, unogona kuisa sensor software, semuenzaniso, pamushini chaiwo, sevha yeimba kana router - hapana zvipingamupinyi pane nzvimbo uye autonomous system. CentOS, Debian, Raspbian uye Turris OS inotsigirwa. Kuti uendese, unofanirwa kudhawunirodha uye kuisa iyo yakakodzera software, semuenzaniso kubva .
Kuisa software sensor kuri nyore. Semuenzaniso, kuisa paCentOS 8 iwe unofanirwa kumhanyisa inotevera mirairo:
curl -O 'https://ftp.ripe.net/ripe/atlas/software-probe/centos8/noarch/ripe-atlas-repo-1-2.el8.noarch.rpm'yum install ripe-atlas-repo-1-2.el8.noarch.rpm
uye kunyoresa sensor, mune iyi kesi iwe unofanirwa kupa SSH kiyi, iri mukati /var/atlas-probe/etc/probe_key.pub, uye zvakare ratidza iyo autonomous system nhamba uye guta rako. Tsamba yacho yakatiyeuchidza nezve kudiwa kwekuratidza nzvimbo ye sensor.
Sensor manejimendi inogumira pakukwanisa kugovera sosi yekuyera nevamwe vashandisi, gadzirisa zviziviso zvenguva yekudzikira, pamwe neyakajairwa network zvigadziriso (kero, default gedhi, nezvimwewo).
Kuyera
Pakupedzisira takasvika pakutora zviyero. Kumisikidza kuyerwa mabasa kunoitwa kubva kuaccount yako pachako. Unogonawo kuona mhinduro ipapo.
Kugadzira basa rekuyera rine matanho matatu: kusarudza rudzi rwekuyera, kusarudza sensor, kusarudza nguva yekuyera.
Zviyero zvinogona kuva zvemhando dzinotevera: ping, traceroute, DNS, SSL, HTTP, NTP. Detailed marongero eimwe chiyero chekuyerwa mhando, kusasanganisa iwo chaiwo kune yakatarwa protocol kana utility, anosanganisira: tarisiro kero, network layer protocol, nhamba yemapaketi muyero uye nguva pakati pezviyero, saizi yepakiti uye nguva pakati pemapaketi, dhigirii rekusarudzika kuchinja mukati. nguva yekutanga yekutumira mapaketi.
Sensors inogona kusarudzwa neyavo identifier kana nyika yenzvimbo, dunhu, autonomous system, tag, nezvimwe.
Nguva yekuyera inotarwa nenguva yekutanga uye yekupedzisira.
Mhedzisiro yekuyera inowanikwa pawebhusaiti mune yako account account, iyo inogona zvakare kuwanikwa mune json fomati. Kazhinji, mibairo yekuyera zviratidzo zvehuwandu zvinotaridza kuwanikwa kweimwe node kana sevhisi.
Kune mushandisi, zviyero zvekuyera zvinoratidzwa muhupamhi asi hushoma kwazvo. Nekudaro, zviri pachena kuti kugona kweiyo sisitimu kunosanganisira kugadzirwa kwepaketi yechero chero gadziriso, iyo inovhura yakawanda yakafara mikana yekuyera mamiriro eInternet.
Pazasi pane muenzaniso wemhedzisiro kubva pachiyero chimwe chete uchishandisa default marongero. Muzviyero zvakadai seping, traceroute uye SSL, IP kero ye habr.com yakasarudzwa sechinangwa, DNS yaiva IP kero yeGoogle DNS server, NTP yaiva IP kero yeNTP server ntp1.stratum2.ru. Yese zviyero zvakashandiswa sensor imwe iri muVladivostok.
Ping
[{"fw":4790,"lts":18,"dst_name":"178.248.237.68","af":4,"dst_addr":"178.248.237.68","src_addr":"192.168.0.10","proto":"ICMP","ttl":55,"size":48,"result":[{"rtt":122.062873},{"rtt":121.775641},{"rtt":121.807897}],"dup":0,"rcvd":3,"sent":3,"min":121.775641,"max":122.062873,"avg":121.882137,"msm_id":26273241,"prb_id":4428,"timestamp":1594622562,"msm_name":"Ping","from":"5.100.99.178","type":"ping","group_id":26273241,"step":null,"stored_timestamp":1594622562}]Traceroute
[{"fw":4790,"lts":19,"endtime":1594622643,"dst_name":"178.248.237.68","dst_addr":"178.248.237.68","src_addr":"192.168.0.10","proto":"ICMP","af":4,"size":48,"paris_id":1,"result":[{"hop":1,"result":[{"from":"192.168.0.1","ttl":64,"size":76,"rtt":7.49},{"from":"192.168.0.1","ttl":64,"size":76,"rtt":1.216},{"from":"192.168.0.1","ttl":64,"size":76,"rtt":1.169}]},{"hop":2,"result":[{"from":"5.100.98.1","ttl":254,"size":28,"rtt":1.719},{"from":"5.100.98.1","ttl":254,"size":28,"rtt":1.507},{"from":"5.100.98.1","ttl":254,"size":28,"rtt":1.48}]},---DATA OMITED---,{"hop":10,"result":[{"from":"178.248.237.68","ttl":55,"size":48,"rtt":121.891},{"from":"178.248.237.68","ttl":55,"size":48,"rtt":121.873},{"from":"178.248.237.68","ttl":55,"size":48,"rtt":121.923}]}],"msm_id":26273246,"prb_id":4428,"timestamp":1594622637,"msm_name":"Traceroute","from":"5.100.99.178","type":"traceroute","group_id":26273246,"stored_timestamp":1594622649}]DNS
[{"fw":4790,"lts":146,"dst_addr":"8.8.8.8","af":4,"src_addr":"192.168.0.10","proto":"UDP","result":{"rt":174.552,"size":42,"abuf":"5BGAgAABAAEAAAAABGhhYnIDY29tAAABAAHADAABAAEAAAcmAASy+O1E","ID":58385,"ANCOUNT":1,"QDCOUNT":1,"NSCOUNT":0,"ARCOUNT":0},"msm_id":26289620,"prb_id":4428,"timestamp":1594747880,"msm_name":"Tdig","from":"5.100.99.178","type":"dns","group_id":26289620,"stored_timestamp":1594747883}]SSL
[{"fw":4790,"lts":63,"dst_name":"178.248.237.68","dst_port":"443","method":"TLS","ver":"1.2","dst_addr":"178.248.237.68","af":4,"src_addr":"192.168.0.10","ttc":106.920213,"rt":219.948332,"cert":["-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----nMIIGJzCCBQ+gAwIBAg ---DATA OMITED--- yd/teRCBaho1+Vn-----END CERTIFICATE-----"],"msm_id":26289611,"prb_id":4428,"timestamp":1594747349,"msm_name":"SSLCert","from":"5.100.99.178","type":"sslcert","group_id":26289611,"stored_timestamp":1594747352}]NTP
[{"fw":4790,"lts":72,"dst_name":"88.147.254.230","dst_addr":"88.147.254.230","src_addr":"192.168.0.10","proto":"UDP","af":4,"li":"no","version":4,"mode":"server","stratum":2,"poll":8,"precision":0.0000076294,"root-delay":0.000518799,"root-dispersion":0.0203094,"ref-id":"5893fee5","ref-ts":3803732581.5476198196,"result":[{"origin-ts":3803733082.3982748985,"receive-ts":3803733082.6698465347,"transmit-ts":3803733082.6698560715,"final-ts":3803733082.5099263191,"rtt":0.111643,"offset":-0.21575},{"origin-ts":3803733082.5133042336,"receive-ts":3803733082.7847337723,"transmit-ts":3803733082.7847442627,"final-ts":3803733082.6246700287,"rtt":0.111355,"offset":-0.215752},{"origin-ts":3803733082.6279149055,"receive-ts":3803733082.899283886,"transmit-ts":3803733082.8992962837,"final-ts":3803733082.7392635345,"rtt":0.111337,"offset":-0.2157}],"msm_id":26289266,"prb_id":4428,"timestamp":1594744282,"msm_name":"Ntp","from":"5.100.99.178","type":"ntp","group_id":26289266,"stored_timestamp":1594744289}]mhedziso
Iyo RIPE Atlas network chishandiso chiri nyore chinokutendera kuti utarise kuwanikwa kwezvinhu uye masevhisi paInternet munguva iri pedyo chaiyo.
Iyo data inogadzirwa neRIPE Atlas network inogona kubatsira kune vafambisi venhare, vaongorori, nharaunda yehunyanzvi uye chero ani zvake anofarira hutano hweInternet uye anoda kudzidza zvakawanda nezve ari pasi pemanetiweki zvimiro uye kuyerera kwedata kunotsigira iyo Internet pasi rose. .
PS RIPE Atlas haisi yega murudzi rwayo, kune analogues, semuenzaniso .
Source: www.habr.com