"Ndiri cyborg zvino!" - wekuAustralia Liam Zibidi, mudiki programmer, blockchain/Fullstack injiniya uye munyori, anozivisa achizvikudza, sezvaanozviratidza pamapeji ake. . Mukutanga kwaNyamavhuvhu, akapedza chirongwa chake cheDIY kugadzira mudziyo unopfekwa, waakadana asinganyara kuti "artificial pancreas." Pane kudaro, isu tiri kutaura nezve inozvigadzirisa yega insulin pombi, uye cyborg yedu haina kutora nzira iri nyore yekubuda mune zvimwe zvinhu zvekusika kwake. Verenga zvakawanda nezve pfungwa yechishandiso uye yakavhurika sosi tekinoroji yavaivimba nayo gare gare muchinyorwa.
mifananidzo kunze kweiyo dhizaini dhayagiramu inotorwa kubva
Chirwere cheshuga che dummies
Liam ane Type 1 chirwere cheshuga.
Kana iri chokwadi, saka izwi rekuti "chirwere cheshuga" rinoreva boka rezvirwere zvine diuresis yakawedzera - weti kubuda, asi chikamu chevarwere vane chirwere cheshuga mellitus (DM) chakakura, uye zita pfupi rakadzika midzi yeDM muchivande. Kare muMiddle Ages, varwere vazhinji vane chirwere cheshuga vakacherechedza kuvapo kweshuga muweti yavo. Nguva yakareba yakapfuura kusati kwawanikwa hormone insulin (iyo yaizovewo yekutanga kutevedzana mapuroteni munhoroondo) uye basa rayo mupathogenesis yechirwere cheshuga.
Insulin ndiyo inonyanya kukosha ihomoni inogadzirisa metabolism yezvinhu zvakawanda, asi iyo inonyanya kukosha ndeye metabolism yemakhahydrates, kusanganisira "main" shuga - glucose. Kune iyo metabolism yeglucose mumasero, insulin, ingangoita kutaura, inoratidzira molecule. Kune akakosha insulin receptor mamorekuru ari pamusoro pemasero. "Kugara" pavari, insulin inopa chiratidzo chekutanga cascade ye biochemical reaction: sero rinotanga kushingaira kutakura glucose mukati kuburikidza ne membrane yayo uye kuigadzirisa mukati.
Kugadzirwa kwe insulin kunogona kufananidzwa nebasa revanhu vakazvipira vakauya kuzorwisa mafashamo. Chiyero che insulin chinoenderana nehuwandu hweglucose: iyo yakawanda iripo, iyo yakawanda iyo insulin level inokwira mukupindura. Ini ndinodzokorora: ndiyo nhanho mumatishu yakakosha, uye kwete iyo nhamba yemamorekuru, ayo akaenzana zvakananga neglucose, nekuti insulin pachayo haisungiri kune glucose uye haina kupedzerwa pametabolism yayo, seizvo vanozvipira vasinganwe. mvura inouya, asi kuvaka madhamu ehurefu hwakati. Uye zvinodikanwa kuchengetedza iyi imwe nhanho ye insulin pamusoro pemasero, pamwe nekureba kwemadhamu enguva pfupi munzvimbo dzine mafashamo.
Zviri pachena kuti kana pasina insulin yakakwana, ipapo metabolism yeglucose inokanganiswa; haipfuuri mumaseru, ichiunganidza mumvura yehupenyu. Iyi ndiyo pathogenesis yechirwere cheshuga. Kare, pakanga pane izwi rinovhiringidza rokuti "insulin-inomirira / yakazvimirira chirwere cheshuga," asi inonyanya kurongeka kuti iite sezvinotevera: rudzi rwechirwere cheshuga kushaya insulini mumuviri (chikonzero cheizvi kazhinji kufa kwepancreatic masero); Type 1 chirwere cheshuga kuderera kwemhinduro yemuviri kune nhanho ye insulin yayo (zvikonzero zvese hazvinzwisisike zvizere uye zvakasiyana). 2st type - kune vashoma vanozvipira uye havana nguva yekuvaka madhamu; Type 1 - madhamu ehurefu hwakajairika, asi angave akazara nemakomba kana akavakirwa mhiri.
Manual kugadzirisa dambudziko
Mhando mbiri idzi, sezvazvinojeka, zvinotungamira kuwedzera kwemazinga eglucose kunze kwemasero - muropa, weti, iyo ine mhedzisiro yakaipa pamuviri wese. Tinofanira kurarama nekuverenga ΠΈ mune sirinji uye ndiro, zvichiteerana. Asi haugone kugara uchitonga nemaoko izvo muviri pachawo waive uchiita. Munhu anofanira kurara, uye paanenge akarara, insulin mazinga anoramba achidonha; munhu anogona, nekuda kwemamiriro ezuva nezuva, kusadya nenguva - uye ipapo chiyero cheshuga chake chinodonha pasi pesimba reiyo insulin yakachengetedzwa mwero. Muchidimbu, hupenyu hunozviwana huri mumugero weglucose level, kupfuura iyo kune coma.
Chikamu chemhinduro yedambudziko iri yaive michina yemazuva ano yakatsiva majekiseni - insulin pombi. Ichi chishandiso chinoshandisa chinoramba chakaiswa hypodermic tsono kuti itore insulin. Asi kutakura kuri nyore chete hakuvimbisi kwakaringana insulin kutsiva kurapwa pasina data pane yazvino glucose level. Iyi ndiyo imwe musoro yevanachiremba uye biotechnologists: kukurumidza bvunzo uye kufanotaura kwakaringana kwesimba re insulin uye glucose mazinga. Nehunyanzvi, izvi zvakatanga kuitwa nenzira yekuenderera mberi kwekutarisa glucose - CGM masisitimu. Aya ndiwo akasiyana emidziyo inoramba ichiverenga data kubva kune sensor inogara ichiiswa pasi peganda. Iyi nzira haina kushungurudza uye inokwezva kune vashandisi kupfuura yekare. , asi iyo yekupedzisira ndeyechokwadi uye inokurudzirwa kuti ishandiswe kana chiyero cheshuga chichiri "kudonha" zvakanyanya kana neimwe nzira inoshanduka nekukurumidza nekufamba kwenguva.
Mubatanidzwa wepakati muhurongwa uhu munhu - kazhinji murwere pachake. Inogadzirisa kupihwa kwe insulin zvichienderana nekuverenga kweglucometer uye maitiro anotarisirwa - angave adya zvihwitsi kana kugadzirira kusvetuka masikati. Asi pakatarisana nekumashure kweiyo chaiyo yemagetsi, munhu anove asina simba chinongedzo - ko kana panguva yekurara anotambura zvakanyanya hypoglycemia uye kurasikirwa nekuziva? Kana kuti achazvibata mune imwe nzira isina kufanira, kukanganwa / kupotsa / kuisa chigadziro zvisina kururama, kunyanya kana achiri mwana? Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai, vanhu vazhinji vakafunga nezvekugadzira masisitimu emhinduro - kuti iyo insulin yekuisa mudziyo inonangana kune inobuda kubva kune glucose sensors.
Feedback uye open source
Zvisinei, dambudziko rinobva ramuka - kune akawanda pombi uye glucometers pamusika. Pamusoro pezvo, izvi zvese midziyo yepamusoro, uye inoda yakajairika processor uye software inovatonga.
Zvinyorwa zvakatoburitswa paHabrΓ© [, ] pamusoro penyaya yekubatanidza zvishandiso zviviri kuita imwe system. Pamusoro pekuwedzera kesi yechitatu, ini ndichakuudza zvishoma nezve mapurojekiti epasi rose anosanganisa kuedza kwevanofarira vanoda kuunganidza masisitimu akafanana vari voga.
Iyo OpenAPS (Open Artificial Pancreas System) chirongwa chakavambwa naDana Lewis anobva kuSeattle. Pakupera kwa2014, iye, zvakare ane chirwere cheshuga 1, akafunga kuita ongororo yakafanana. Mushure mekuedza uyezve kutsanangura mudziyo wake zvakadzama, akazoona , iyo inotsanangura zvakadzama kuti ungabatanidza sei yako CGM mita uye pombi, mukusiyana kwakasiyana-siyana kubva kune vakasiyana-siyana vanogadzira, pamwe nezvinodiwa zvepakati zvishandiso, sarudzo dzesoftware paGithub, ine zvinyorwa zvakawanda kubva munharaunda inokura yevashandisi. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha chinosimbiswa neOpenAPS ndechekuti "tichakubatsira nemirairo yakadzama, asi unofanira kuita zvese wega." Chokwadi ndechekuti zviitiko zvakadaro idanho rimwe kubva pazvirango zvakakomba kubva kuFDA (iyo American Food and Drug Administration, iyo masimba ayo anosanganisira ese mishonga uye zvigadzirwa zvekurapa). Uye kana akatadza kukurambidza kutyora midziyo yakasimbiswa uye kuisanganisa kuita masisitimu epamba kuti uzvishandise iwe pachako, chero kuedza kukubatsira kugadzira kana kuitengesa kucharangwa zvakaomarara. Yechipiri, asi isina kukosha zano reOpenAPS ndiko kuchengetedzeka kwegadziriro yemumba. Zvinyorwa mufomu uye akajeka, akadzama algorithms akanangana nekubatsira murwere uye kwete kuzvikuvadza.
Nightscout account hwindo
Chimwe chirongwa , inobvumira vashandisi kuisa data kubva kumagetsi avo eCGM kusvika kune cloud storage munguva chaiyo kuburikidza ne-smartphone, smart watch uye mamwe madivayiri, pamwe chete nekuona uye kugadzirisa data yakagamuchirwa. Iyo purojekiti ine chinangwa chekushandisa zvakanyanya ruzivo uye nyore kushandisa data, uye zvakare ine yakadzama madhairekitori, semuenzaniso, glucometers ane smartphones ane imwe kana imwe OS uye inodiwa software uye yepakati transmitters.
Kuona data kwakakosha pakuona kushanduka kwezuva nezuva kweglucose mumararamiro ako uye nekugoneka kugadzirisa maitiro uye kudya kwekudya, yekufambisa data mune iri nyore graphical fomu kune smartphone kana smart wachi, yekufanotaura mafambiro eglucose mazinga munguva pfupi iri kutevera, uye uyezve, iyi data inogona kuverengwa nekugadziriswa ne OpenAPS software. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo izvo Liam anoshandisa muchirongwa chake. Pazvinyorwa zveKDPV - data rake rega kubva kune gore sevhisi, uko yepepuru "fork" kurudyi ndiyo yakafanotaurwa mazinga eglucose akafanotaurwa neOpenAPS.
Liam's Project
Iwe unogona kuverenga nezve purojekiti zvakadzama mune inopindirana yekupinda pane yake blog, ini ndinongoedza kuirondedzera zvakanyanya schematically uye zvakajeka.
Iyo Yakaoma inosanganisira zvinotevera zvishandiso: iyo Medtronic insulin pombi iyo Liam pakutanga aive nayo; CGM (glucometer) FreeStyle Libre ine NFC sensor; yakabatana nayo ndiyo MiaoMiao transmitter, iyo inotumira data kubva paganda NFC sensor kune iyo smartphone kuburikidza neBluetooth; Intel Edison microcomputer se processor yekudzora iyo yese system uchishandisa Vhura APS; Explorer HAT inhepfenyuro yeredhiyo yekubatanidza iyo yekupedzisira ne smartphone uye pombi.
Denderedzwa rakakwana.
Iyo yese hardware inodhura Liam β¬ 515, kusanganisa pombi yaaimbova nayo. Akaraira zvinhu zvake zvese kubva kuAmazon, kusanganisira iyo yakamiswa Edison. Zvakare, subcutaneous sensors yeCGM Libre inodhura inodyiwa - 70 euros pachidimbu, iyo inogara kwemazuva gumi nemana.
Software: chekutanga, iyo Jubilinux Linux kugoverwa kweEdison uye nekuisa OpenAPS pairi, iyo munyori wechishandiso, maererano naye, akatambura nayo. Kutevera kwaive kuseta kuendesa data kubva kuCGM kuenda kune smartphone uye kune gore, iyo yaaifanira kupa rezenisi yekuvaka yega yeXDrip application (150 euros) uye kumisikidza Nightscout - yaifanira "kuroora" neOpenAPS kuburikidza neakakosha plugins. . Paivewo nematambudziko nekushanda kwechishandiso chose, asi nharaunda yeNightscout yakabudirira kubatsira Liam kuwana tsikidzi.
Ehe, zvingaite sekuti munyori anyanya kuomesa purojekiti. Iyo yakareba-yakamiswa Intel Edison yakasarudzwa naLiam se "yakawanda simba rinoshanda kupfuura iyo Raspberry Pi." Apple OS yakawedzerawo matambudziko nesoftware rezinesi uye mutengo unofananidzwa neiyo Android smartphone. Nekudaro, ruzivo rwake runobatsira uye ruchawedzera kune akawanda mapurojekiti akafanana emidziyo yakagadzirwa kumba, iyo yakagadzirirwa kuvandudza zvakanyanya hupenyu hwevanhu vazhinji nemari shoma. Vanhu vari kuwedzera kujaira kuvimba nesimba ravo pachavo uye unyanzvi.
Liam anopokana kuti Type 1 chirwere cheshuga chamuita kuti asasununguke, uye mudziyo waakagadzira inzira yekudzoreredza kugadzikana kwepfungwa kwekudzora muviri wake. Uye pamusoro pekuwanazve mararamire ake akajairika, kugadzira yakavharwa-loop insulin pump system yaive chiitiko chakasimba chekuzviratidza kwaari. "Zviri nani kuchengetedza metabolism yako pasi pekutonga neJS code pane kuguma muchipatara," anonyora kudaro.
Source: www.habr.com