Hazvina mhosva kuti nharaunda yakavhenekerwa inotuka sei terevhizheni nekuda kwekukanganisa kwayo pakuziva, zvisinei, chiratidzo cheterevhizheni chiripo munzvimbo dzinenge dzese dzinogara (uye dzakawanda dzisiri dzekugara). Mumaguta makuru, iyi ingangoita nguva dzose terevhizheni yetambo, kunyangwe munhu wese akavatenderedza achigara achiidaidza kuti "antenna". Uye kana iyo yepasiredhiyo yekugamuchira terevhizheni iri pachena (kunyangwe ichigona kusiyana kubva kune yakajairwa nyanga antenna pahwindo, ini ndichanyatso taura nezvazvo gare gare), ipapo iyo tambo yeterevhizheni system inogona kuita senge isingatarisirwe yakaoma mukushanda kwayo uye magadzirirwo. Ini ndinopa nhevedzano yezvinyorwa pamusoro peizvi. Ndinoda kusuma avo vanofarira nheyo dzekushanda kweCATV network, pamwe nekushanda kwavo uye kuongororwa.
- Chikamu 1: General dhizaini yeCATV network
- Chikamu 2: Kuumbwa uye waveform
- Chikamu 3: Analog chikamu chechiratidzo
- Chikamu 4: Digital chikamu chechiratidzo
- Chikamu 5: Coaxial Distribution Network
- Chikamu 6: RF Amplifiers
- Chikamu 7: Optical Receivers
- Chikamu 8: Optical backbone network
- Chikamu 9: Musoro
- Chikamu 10: Troubleshooting pamusoro tambo TV network
Ini handinyepedzeri kunyora bhuku rakazara, asi ini ndichaedza kugara mukati mechimiro chesainzi uye kusaremedza zvinyorwa nemafomula uye tsananguro dzetekinoroji. Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei ndakasiya mazwi e "smart" muchinyorwa pasina tsananguro; nekuvatsvaga unogona kuenda zvakadzika sezvaunoda. Mushure mezvose, zvese zvinotsanangurwa zvakanaka mumwe nemumwe, asi ini ndinongokuudza kuti zvese zvinowedzera sei kune tambo yeterevhizheni system. Muchikamu chekutanga, ini ndichanyatso kutsanangura chimiro chetiweki, uye gare gare ini ndichaongorora zvakadzama misimboti yekushanda kweiyo system yese.
Iyo cable terevhizheni network ine chimiro chemuti. Chiratidzo chinogadzirwa nechiteshi chemusoro, icho chinounganidza masaini kubva kwakasiyana masosi, ichichigadzira kuva chimwechete (maererano neakapihwa frequency chirongwa) uye inotumira kune iyo huru yekugovera network mune inodiwa fomu. Nhasi, iyo yemusana network ndeyechokwadi, yekuona uye chiratidzo chinopinda mune coaxial tambo chete mukati mekupedzisira chivakwa.
Head station
Masaini masosi emusoro wemusoro anogona kunge ari setiraiti antenna (apo panogona kuve gumi nemaviri) kana madhijitari madhijitari anotumirwa zvakananga neTV chiteshi kana vamwe telecom vanoshanda. Kugamuchira uye kuunganidza masaini kubva kwakasiyana masosi, akawanda-channel-akawanda-sevhisi decoder / modulators anoshandiswa, ari rack-gomo chassis ane akasiyana ekuwedzera makadhi anopa chinongedzo kune akasiyana mainterface, pamwe nekudhirodha, modulating uye kugadzira iyo inodiwa chiratidzo. .
Pano, semuenzaniso, tinoona matanhatu mamodule ekugamuchira satellite kutepfenyura chiratidzo uye maviri DVB-C ekubuda modulators.
Uye iyi chassis inobata mukudzikisira chiratidzo. Iwe unogona kuona maCAM modules, iwo akafanana anoiswa muTV kuti agamuchire yakavharwa-yedunhu nzira.
Mhedzisiro yekushanda kwechishandiso ichi chiratidzo chekubuda chine ese machani atichapa kune vanyoreri, akarongwa ne frequency zvinoenderana neakapihwa frequency chirongwa. Munetiweki yedu, iyi ndiyo nhanho kubva pa49 kusvika 855 MHz, ine ese analog nedhijitari chiteshi muDVB-C, DVB-T uye DVB-T2 mafomati:
Ratidza chiratidzo che spectrum.
Iyo inogadzirwa siginecha inodyiswa mune yekuona transmitter, inova inonyanya kushandura midhiya uye inotamisa machanera edu mune yekuona svikiro pane yechinyakare terevhizheni wavelength ye1550 nm.
Optical transmitter.
Trunk distribution network
Chiratidzo chemaziso chinogamuchirwa kubva kumusoro wepamusoro chinowedzerwa uchishandisa optical erbium amplifier (EDFA), inozivikanwa kune chero nyanzvi yekukurukurirana.
Makumi mashoma emakumi e dBm echiratidzo chetanho akatorwa kubva kune amplifier kubuda anogona kutopatsanurwa uye kutumirwa kunzvimbo dzakasiyana. Iyo kupatsanurwa kunoitwa nemapassive dividers, kuitira nyore, akaiswa mudzimba dzerack-mount cross-connects.
Optical divider mukati meimwe-unit optical cross-connect.
Chiratidzo chakakamurwa chinosvika kune zvinhu uko, kana zvichidikanwa, chinogona kukwidziridzwa uchishandisa maamplifiers akafanana, kana kupatsanurwa pakati pemimwe michina.
Izvi ndizvo zvingaratidzika senzvimbo yekugara. Inosanganisira optical amplifier, chiratidzo chekuparadzanisa mu rackmount housing, uye optical distribution distribution, kubva kune iyo fiber inogoverwa kune vanogamuchira optical.
Subscriber distribution network
Optical vanogamuchira, senge transmitter, ari epakati anoshandura: anoendesa iyo yakagamuchirwa chiratidzo chemaziso kune coaxial tambo. MaOP anouya mumhando dzakasiyana uye kubva kune vakasiyana vagadziri, asi mashandiro avo anowanzofanana: kutarisisa nhanho uye magadzirirwo echiratidzo, izvo zvandichakurukura zvakadzama muzvinyorwa zvinotevera.
Optical vanogamuchira anoshandiswa mune yedu network.
Zvichienderana nekuvakwa kwedzimba (nhamba yepasi, nhamba yezvivakwa uye magonhi epamberi, nezvimwewo), iyo yekugamuchira yekuona inogona kuwanikwa pakutanga kweimwe neimwe riser, kana pamwe imwe yeanoverengeka (dzimwe nguva kunyangwe pakati pezvivakwa hapana optical, asi coaxial tambo yakaiswa), mune iyi Muchiitiko ichi, iyo isingadzivisiki attenuation pane dividers uye migwagwa mikuru inobhadharwa nemaamplifiers. Kufanana neiyi, semuenzaniso:
CATV chiratidzo amplifier Teleste CXE180RF
Iyo yekunyorera yekugovera network yakavakirwa pamhando dzakasiyana dze coaxial tambo uye akasiyana kupatsanura, ayo iwe aunogona kuona mune yakaderera-ikozvino pane pane yako staircase.
Cables dzinopinda mufurati dzakabatana kune zvinobuda zvevanyoreri splitters.
Ehe, muzviitiko zvakawanda, kune akati wandei terevhizheni mufurati imwe neimwe uye akabatanidzwa kuburikidza nekuwedzera kupatsanura, izvo zvinounzawo kudzikisira. Naizvozvo, mune zvimwe zviitiko (kana paine akawanda terevhizheni mufurati hombe), zvinodikanwa kuti uise mamwe masaini amplifiers mufurati, ayo nekuda kwezvinangwa izvi madiki uye asina kusimba kupfuura iwo makuru.
Source: www.habr.com